Configuración de IPSec con EIGRP e IPX usando tunelización GRE
Contenido
Introducción
Las configuraciones IPsec normales no pueden transferir protocolos de ruteo como EIGRP (Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol) y OSPF (Open Shortest Path First) ni tráfico que no sea IP como IPX (Internetwork Packet Exchange), AppleTalk, etc. Este documento ilustra cómo rutear entre diferentes redes mediante un protocolo de ruteo y tráfico no IP dentro de IPSec. Esta técnica utiliza Generic Routing Encapsulation (GRE) como método para lograrlo.
Prerequisites
Requirements
Antes de utilizar esta configuración, asegúrese de que cumple con los siguientes requisitos:
-
Asegúrese de que el túnel funciona antes de aplicar los mapas criptográficos.
-
La lista de acceso criptográfico debe tener GRE como protocolo para permitir: access-list 101 permit gre host x.x.x.x host y.y.y x.x.x.x = <tunnel_source> y.y.y.y = <tunnel_destination>
-
Utilice direcciones IP de loopback para identificar los peers de Intercambio de claves de Internet (IKE) y el origen de túnel y el destino de túnel para mejorar la disponibilidad.
-
Para obtener información sobre posibles problemas de la unidad máxima de transmisión (MTU), consulte Ajuste de la MTU de IP, TCP MSS y PMTUD en sistemas Windows y Sun.
Componentes Utilizados
La información que contiene este documento se basa en las siguientes versiones de software y hardware.
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Versiones 12.1.8 y 12.2.1 del software del IOS® de Cisco
The information in this document was created from the devices in a specific lab environment. All of the devices used in this document started with a cleared (default) configuration. If your network is live, make sure that you understand the potential impact of any command.
Convenciones
For more information on document conventions, refer to the Cisco Technical Tips Conventions.
Configurar
En esta sección encontrará la información para configurar las funciones descritas en este documento.
Nota: Para encontrar información adicional sobre los comandos usados en este documento, utilice la Command Lookup Tool (sólo clientes registrados) .
Nota sobre la configuración IOS: Con Cisco IOS Software Release 12.2(13)T y los códigos posteriores (códigos T-train más numerados, Cisco IOS Software Release 12.3 y códigos posteriores), el "mapa criptográfico" IPSec configurado sólo debe aplicarse a la interfaz física. Ya no es necesario que se aplique en la interfaz de túnel GRE. Todavía funciona tener el "mapa criptográfico" en la interfaz física y de túnel cuando utiliza el Cisco IOS Software Release 12.2.1(13)T y los códigos posteriores. Sin embargo, se recomienda aplicarlo solamente en la interfaz física.
Diagrama de la red
Este documento utiliza la configuración de red que se muestra en el siguiente diagrama.
Configuraciones
| Luz |
|---|
Current configuration: ! version 12.2 no service single-slot-reload-enable service timestamps debug uptime service timestamps log uptime no service password-encryption ! hostname Light ! logging rate-limit console 10 except errors ! ip subnet-zero ! ! no ip finger ! no ip dhcp-client network-discovery ipx routing 00e0.b06a.40fc ! !--- IKE policies. crypto isakmp policy 25 hash md5 authentication pre-share crypto isakmp key cisco123 address 192.168.2.1 ! !--- IPSec policies. crypto ipsec transform-set WWW esp-des esp-md5-hmac mode transport ! crypto map GRE local-address Loopback0 crypto map GRE 50 ipsec-isakmp set peer 192.168.2.1 set transform-set WWW !--- What to encrypt? match address 101 ! call rsvp-sync ! fax interface-type modem mta receive maximum-recipients 0 ! interface Loopback0 ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0 ! interface Tunnel0 ip address 10.1.1.1 255.255.255.252 ip mtu 1440 ipx network CC tunnel source Loopback0 tunnel destination 192.168.2.1 crypto map GRE ! interface FastEthernet0/0 ip address 10.64.10.13 255.255.255.224 no ip route-cache no ip mroute-cache duplex auto speed auto crypto map GRE ! interface FastEthernet0/1 ip address 172.16.1.1 255.255.255.0 duplex auto speed auto ipx network AA ! router eigrp 10 network 10.1.1.0 0.0.0.3 network 172.16.1.0 0.0.0.255 network 192.168.1.0 no auto-summary no eigrp log-neighbor-changes ! ip kerberos source-interface any ip classless ip route 192.168.2.0 255.255.255.0 10.64.10.14 ip http server ! !--- What to encrypt? access-list 101 permit gre host 192.168.1.1 host 192.168.2.1 ! dial-peer cor custom ! line con 0 transport input none line aux 0 line vty 0 4 login ! end Light#! |
| Base |
|---|
Current configuration: version 12.1 service timestamps debug uptime service timestamps log uptime no service password-encryption ! hostname House ! ip subnet-zero ! ipx routing 00e0.b06a.4114 ! !--- IKE policies. crypto isakmp policy 25 hash md5 authentication pre-share crypto isakmp key cisco123 address 192.168.1.1 ! !--- IPSec policies. crypto ipsec transform-set WWW esp-des esp-md5-hmac mode transport ! crypto map GRE local-address Loopback0 crypto map GRE 50 ipsec-isakmp set peer 192.168.1.1 set transform-set WWW !--- What to encrypt? match address 101 ! ! interface Loopback0 ip address 192.168.2.1 255.255.255.0 ! interface Tunnel0 ip address 10.1.1.2 255.255.255.252 ip mtu 1440 ipx network CC tunnel source Loopback0 tunnel destination 192.168.1.1 crypto map GRE ! interface FastEthernet0/0 ip address 10.64.10.14 255.255.255.224 no ip route-cache no ip mroute-cache duplex auto speed auto crypto map GRE ! interface FastEthernet0/1 ip address 172.16.2.1 255.255.255.0 duplex auto speed auto ipx network BB ! interface FastEthernet4/0 no ip address shutdown duplex auto speed auto ! router eigrp 10 network 10.1.1.0 0.0.0.3 network 172.16.2.0 0.0.0.255 network 192.168.2.0 no auto-summary no eigrp log-neighbor-changes ! ip classless ip route 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 10.64.10.13 ip http server !--- What to encrypt? access-list 101 permit gre host 192.168.2.1 host 192.168.1.1 ! line con 0 line aux 0 line vty 0 4 login ! end House# |
Verificación
En esta sección encontrará información que puede utilizar para comprobar que su configuración funcione correctamente.
La herramienta Output Interpreter (sólo para clientes registrados) permite utilizar algunos comandos “show” y ver un análisis del resultado de estos comandos.
-
show crypto engine connections active — Muestra los paquetes encripcións y desencripcións entre los pares IPSec.
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show crypto ipsec sa — Muestra las asociaciones de seguridad de la fase 1.
-
show crypto ipsec sa — Muestra las asociaciones de seguridad de la Fase 2.
-
show ipx route [network] [default] [detailed]—Muestra el contenido de la tabla de ruteo IPX.
Salida del comando show con túneles activos
Light#show ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP
i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area
* - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR
P - periodic downloaded static route
Gateway of last resort is not set
172.16.0.0/24 is subnetted, 2 subnets
C 172.16.1.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1
D 172.16.2.0 [90/297246976] via 10.1.1.2, 00:00:31, Tunnel0
10.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
C 10.1.1.0/30 is directly connected, Tunnel0
C 10.64.10.0/27 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
C 192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected, Loopback0
S 192.168.2.0/24 [1/0] via 10.64.10.14
Light#ping
Protocol [ip]:
Target IP address: 172.16.2.1
Repeat count [5]:
Datagram size [100]:
Timeout in seconds [2]:
Extended commands [n]: y
Source address or interface: 172.16.1.1
Type of service [0]:
Set DF bit in IP header? [no]:
Validate reply data? [no]:
Data pattern [0xABCD]:
Loose, Strict, Record, Timestamp, Verbose[none]:
Sweep range of sizes [n]:
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 172.16.2.1, timeout is 2 seconds:
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 1/2/4 ms
Light#
House#show ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP
i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area
* - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR
P - periodic downloaded static route
Gateway of last resort is not set
172.16.0.0/24 is subnetted, 2 subnets
D 172.16.1.0 [90/297246976] via 10.1.1.1, 00:00:36, Tunnel0
C 172.16.2.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1
10.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
C 10.1.1.0/30 is directly connected, Tunnel0
C 10.64.10.0/27 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
S 192.168.1.0/24 [1/0] via 10.64.10.13
C 192.168.2.0/24 is directly connected, Loopback0
House#ping
Protocol [ip]:
Target IP address: 172.16.1.1
Repeat count [5]:
Datagram size [100]:
Timeout in seconds [2]:
Extended commands [n]: y
Source address or interface: 172.16.2.1
Type of service [0]:
Set DF bit in IP header? [no]:
Validate reply data? [no]:
Data pattern [0xABCD]:
Loose, Strict, Record, Timestamp, Verbose[none]:
Sweep range of sizes [n]:
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 172.16.1.1, timeout is 2 seconds:
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 1/2/4 ms
Light#show ipx route
Codes: C - Connected primary network, c - Connected secondary network
S - Static, F - Floating static, L - Local (internal), W - IPXWAN
R - RIP, E - EIGRP, N - NLSP, X - External, A - Aggregate
s - seconds, u - uses, U - Per-user static
3 Total IPX routes. Up to 1 parallel paths and 16 hops allowed.
No default route known.
C AA (NOVELL-ETHER), Fa0/1
C CC (TUNNEL), Tu0
R BB [151/01] via CC.00e0.b06a.4114, 17s, Tu0
House#show ipx route
Codes: C - Connected primary network, c - Connected secondary network
S - Static, F - Floating static, L - Local (internal), W - IPXWAN
R - RIP, E - EIGRP, N - NLSP, X - External, A - Aggregate
s - seconds, u - uses, U - Per-user static
3 Total IPX routes. Up to 1 parallel paths and 16 hops allowed.
No default route known.
C BB (NOVELL-ETHER), Fa0/1
C CC (TUNNEL), Tu0
R AA [151/01] via CC.00e0.b06a.40fc, 59s, Tu0
Light#ping ipx BB.0004.9af2.8261
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte IPX Novell Echoes to BB.0004.9af2.8261, timeout is 2 second:
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 1/2/4 ms
House#ping ipx AA.0004.9af2.8181
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte IPX Novell Echoes to AA.0004.9af2.8181, timeout is 2 second:
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 1/2/4 ms
Light#show crypto isa sa
dst src state conn-id slot
192.168.2.1 192.168.1.1 QM_IDLE 1 0
192.168.1.1 192.168.2.1 QM_IDLE 2 0
House#show crypto isa sa
dst src state conn-id slot
192.168.1.1 192.168.2.1 QM_IDLE 1 0
192.168.2.1 192.168.1.1 QM_IDLE 2 0
Light#show crypto engine connections active
ID Interface IP-Address State Algorithm Encrypt Decrypt
1 <none> <none> set HMAC_MD5+DES_56_CB 0 0
2 <none> <none> set HMAC_MD5+DES_56_CB 0 0
2000 FastEthernet0/0 10.64.10.13 set HMAC_MD5+DES_56_CB 0 161
2001 FastEthernet0/0 10.64.10.13 set HMAC_MD5+DES_56_CB 161 0
2002 FastEthernet0/0 10.64.10.13 set HMAC_MD5+DES_56_CB 0 0
2003 FastEthernet0/0 10.64.10.13 set HMAC_MD5+DES_56_CB 0 0
2004 FastEthernet0/0 10.64.10.13 set HMAC_MD5+DES_56_CB 0 0
2005 FastEthernet0/0 10.64.10.13 set HMAC_MD5+DES_56_CB 0 0
House#show crypto engine connections active
ID Interface IP-Address State Algorithm Encrypt Decrypt
1 <none> <none> set HMAC_MD5+DES_56_CB 0 0
2 <none> <none> set HMAC_MD5+DES_56_CB 0 0
2000 FastEthernet0/0 10.64.10.14 set HMAC_MD5+DES_56_CB 0 159
2001 FastEthernet0/0 10.64.10.14 set HMAC_MD5+DES_56_CB 159 0
2002 FastEthernet0/0 10.64.10.14 set HMAC_MD5+DES_56_CB 0 0
2003 FastEthernet0/0 10.64.10.14 set HMAC_MD5+DES_56_CB 0 0
2004 FastEthernet0/0 10.64.10.14 set HMAC_MD5+DES_56_CB 0 0
2005 FastEthernet0/0 10.64.10.14 set HMAC_MD5+DES_56_CB 0 0
House#show crypto ipsec sa detail
interface: Tunnel0
Crypto map tag: GRE, local addr. 192.168.2.1
local ident (addr/mask/prot/port): (192.168.2.1/255.255.255.255/47/0)
remote ident (addr/mask/prot/port): (192.168.1.1/255.255.255.255/47/0)
current_peer: 192.168.1.1
PERMIT, flags={origin_is_acl,transport_parent,}
#pkts encaps: 192, #pkts encrypt: 192, #pkts digest 192
#pkts decaps: 190, #pkts decrypt: 190, #pkts verify 190
#pkts compressed: 0, #pkts decompressed: 0
#pkts not compressed: 0, #pkts compr. failed: 0, #pkts decompress failed: 0
#pkts no sa (send) 12, #pkts invalid sa (rcv) 0
#pkts encaps failed (send) 0, #pkts decaps failed (rcv) 0
#pkts invalid prot (recv) 0, #pkts verify failed: 0
#pkts invalid identity (recv) 0, #pkts invalid len (rcv) 0
#pkts replay rollover (send): 0, #pkts replay rollover (rcv) 0
##pkts replay failed (rcv): 0
#pkts internal err (send): 0, #pkts internal err (recv) 0
local crypto endpt.: 192.168.2.1, remote crypto endpt.: 192.168.1.1
path mtu 1514, media mtu 1514
current outbound spi: 1FA721CA
inbound esp sas:
spi: 0xEE52531(249898289)
transform: esp-des esp-md5-hmac ,
in use settings ={Transport, }
slot: 0, conn id: 2000, flow_id: 1, crypto map: GRE
sa timing: remaining key lifetime (k/sec): (4607961/2797)
IV size: 8 bytes
replay detection support: Y
spi: 0xFEE24F3(267265267)
transform: esp-des esp-md5-hmac ,
in use settings ={Transport, }
slot: 0, conn id: 2002, flow_id: 3, crypto map: GRE
sa timing: remaining key lifetime (k/sec): (4608000/2826)
IV size: 8 bytes
replay detection support: Y
spi: 0x19240817(421791767)
transform: esp-des esp-md5-hmac ,
in use settings ={Transport, }
slot: 0, conn id: 2004, flow_id: 5, crypto map: GRE
sa timing: remaining key lifetime (k/sec): (4608000/2759)
IV size: 8 bytes
replay detection support: Y
inbound ah sas:
inbound pcp sas:
outbound esp sas:
spi: 0x1FA721CA(531046858)
transform: esp-des esp-md5-hmac ,
in use settings ={Transport, }
slot: 0, conn id: 2001, flow_id: 2, crypto map: GRE
sa timing: remaining key lifetime (k/sec): (4607972/2797)
IV size: 8 bytes
replay detection support: Y
spi: 0x12B10EB0(313593520)
transform: esp-des esp-md5-hmac ,
in use settings ={Transport, }
slot: 0, conn id: 2003, flow_id: 4, crypto map: GRE
sa timing: remaining key lifetime (k/sec): (4608000/2826)
IV size: 8 bytes
replay detection support: Y
spi: 0x1A700242(443548226)
transform: esp-des esp-md5-hmac ,
in use settings ={Transport, }
slot: 0, conn id: 2005, flow_id: 6, crypto map: GRE
sa timing: remaining key lifetime (k/sec): (4608000/2759)
IV size: 8 bytes
replay detection support: Y
outbound ah sas:
outbound pcp sas:
local ident (addr/mask/prot/port): (192.168.2.1/255.255.255.255/0/0)
remote ident (addr/mask/prot/port): (192.168.1.1/255.255.255.255/0/0)
current_peer: 192.168.1.1
PERMIT, flags={transport_parent,}
#pkts encaps: 0, #pkts encrypt: 0, #pkts digest 0
#pkts decaps: 0, #pkts decrypt: 0, #pkts verify 0
#pkts compressed: 0, #pkts decompressed: 0
#pkts not compressed: 0, #pkts compr. failed: 0, #pkts decompress failed: 0
#pkts no sa (send) 0, #pkts invalid sa (rcv) 0
#pkts encaps failed (send) 0, #pkts decaps failed (rcv) 0
#pkts invalid prot (recv) 0, #pkts verify failed: 0
#pkts invalid identity (recv) 0, #pkts invalid len (rcv) 0
#pkts replay rollover (send): 0, #pkts replay rollover (rcv) 0
##pkts replay failed (rcv): 0
#pkts internal err (send): 0, #pkts internal err (recv) 0
local crypto endpt.: 192.168.2.1, remote crypto endpt.: 192.168.1.1
path mtu 1514, media mtu 1514
current outbound spi: 0
inbound esp sas:
inbound ah sas:
inbound pcp sas:
outbound esp sas:
outbound ah sas:
outbound pcp sas:
interface: FastEthernet0/0
Crypto map tag: GRE, local addr. 192.168.2.1
local ident (addr/mask/prot/port): (192.168.2.1/255.255.255.255/47/0)
remote ident (addr/mask/prot/port): (192.168.1.1/255.255.255.255/47/0)
current_peer: 192.168.1.1
PERMIT, flags={origin_is_acl,transport_parent,}
#pkts encaps: 193, #pkts encrypt: 193, #pkts digest 193
#pkts decaps: 192, #pkts decrypt: 192, #pkts verify 192
#pkts compressed: 0, #pkts decompressed: 0
#pkts not compressed: 0, #pkts compr. failed: 0, #pkts decompress failed: 0
#pkts no sa (send) 12, #pkts invalid sa (rcv) 0
#pkts encaps failed (send) 0, #pkts decaps failed (rcv) 0
#pkts invalid prot (recv) 0, #pkts verify failed: 0
#pkts invalid identity (recv) 0, #pkts invalid len (rcv) 0
#pkts replay rollover (send): 0, #pkts replay rollover (rcv) 0
##pkts replay failed (rcv): 0
#pkts internal err (send): 0, #pkts internal err (recv) 0
local crypto endpt.: 192.168.2.1, remote crypto endpt.: 192.168.1.1
path mtu 1514, media mtu 1514
current outbound spi: 1FA721CA
inbound esp sas:
spi: 0xEE52531(249898289)
transform: esp-des esp-md5-hmac ,
in use settings ={Transport, }
slot: 0, conn id: 2000, flow_id: 1, crypto map: GRE
sa timing: remaining key lifetime (k/sec): (4607961/2789)
IV size: 8 bytes
replay detection support: Y
spi: 0xFEE24F3(267265267)
transform: esp-des esp-md5-hmac ,
in use settings ={Transport, }
slot: 0, conn id: 2002, flow_id: 3, crypto map: GRE
sa timing: remaining key lifetime (k/sec): (4608000/2817)
IV size: 8 bytes
replay detection support: Y
spi: 0x19240817(421791767)
transform: esp-des esp-md5-hmac ,
in use settings ={Transport, }
slot: 0, conn id: 2004, flow_id: 5, crypto map: GRE
sa timing: remaining key lifetime (k/sec): (4608000/2750)
IV size: 8 bytes
replay detection support: Y
inbound ah sas:
inbound pcp sas:
outbound esp sas:
spi: 0x1FA721CA(531046858)
transform: esp-des esp-md5-hmac ,
in use settings ={Transport, }
slot: 0, conn id: 2001, flow_id: 2, crypto map: GRE
sa timing: remaining key lifetime (k/sec): (4607972/2789)
IV size: 8 bytes
replay detection support: Y
spi: 0x12B10EB0(313593520)
transform: esp-des esp-md5-hmac ,
in use settings ={Transport, }
slot: 0, conn id: 2003, flow_id: 4, crypto map: GRE
sa timing: remaining key lifetime (k/sec): (4608000/2817)
IV size: 8 bytes
replay detection support: Y
spi: 0x1A700242(443548226)
transform: esp-des esp-md5-hmac ,
in use settings ={Transport, }
slot: 0, conn id: 2005, flow_id: 6, crypto map: GRE
sa timing: remaining key lifetime (k/sec): (4608000/2750)
IV size: 8 bytes
replay detection support: Y
outbound ah sas:
outbound pcp sas:
local ident (addr/mask/prot/port): (192.168.2.1/255.255.255.255/0/0)
remote ident (addr/mask/prot/port): (192.168.1.1/255.255.255.255/0/0)
current_peer: 192.168.1.1
PERMIT, flags={transport_parent,}
#pkts encaps: 0, #pkts encrypt: 0, #pkts digest 0
#pkts decaps: 0, #pkts decrypt: 0, #pkts verify 0
#pkts compressed: 0, #pkts decompressed: 0
#pkts not compressed: 0, #pkts compr. failed: 0, #pkts decompress failed: 0
#pkts no sa (send) 0, #pkts invalid sa (rcv) 0
#pkts encaps failed (send) 0, #pkts decaps failed (rcv) 0
#pkts invalid prot (recv) 0, #pkts verify failed: 0
#pkts invalid identity (recv) 0, #pkts invalid len (rcv) 0
#pkts replay rollover (send): 0, #pkts replay rollover (rcv) 0
##pkts replay failed (rcv): 0
#pkts internal err (send): 0, #pkts internal err (recv) 0
local crypto endpt.: 192.168.2.1, remote crypto endpt.: 192.168.1.1
path mtu 1514, media mtu 1514
current outbound spi: 0
inbound esp sas:
inbound ah sas:
inbound pcp sas:
outbound esp sas:
outbound ah sas:
outbound pcp sas:
Troubleshoot
En esta sección encontrará información que puede utilizar para solucionar problemas de configuración.
Comandos para resolución de problemas
La herramienta Output Interpreter (sólo para clientes registrados) permite utilizar algunos comandos “show” y ver un análisis del resultado de estos comandos.
Nota: Antes de ejecutar comandos debug, consulte Información Importante sobre Comandos Debug.
-
debug crypto ipsec — Muestra errores durante la fase 1.
-
debug crypto ipsec — Muestra errores durante la fase 2.
-
debug crypto engine — Muestra información del motor de criptografía.
-
debug ip your routing protocol —Muestra información sobre las transacciones de ruteo del protocolo de ruteo.
-
clear crypto connection-id [slot | rsm | vip] —Finaliza una sesión cifrada actualmente en curso. Las sesiones cifradas normalmente terminan cuando la sesión se agota el tiempo de espera. Utilice el comando show crypto cisco connections para conocer el valor de la conexión id.
-
clear crypto isakmp Elimina las asociaciones de seguridad de fase 1.
-
clear crypto sa—Elimina las asociaciones de seguridad de la Fase 2.
Información Relacionada
Historial de revisiones
| Revisión | Fecha de publicación | Comentarios |
|---|---|---|
1.0 |
21-Jun-2005 |
Versión inicial |
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