Cisco Nexus 1000V for KVM System Management Configuration Guide, Release 5.x

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Cisco Nexus 1000V for KVM System Management Configuration Guide, Release 5.x

Chapter Title

Working with Files

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Updated:: November 21, 2014

Chapter: Working with Files

Working with Files

This chapter contains the following sections:

Information About Files
Navigating the File System
Copying and Backing Up Files
Creating a Directory
Removing an Existing Directory
Moving Files
Deleting Files or Directories
Compressing Files
Uncompressing Files
Directing Command Output to a File
Verifying a Bootable Image
Loading a File into the Running Configuration
Rolling Back to a Previous Configuration
Displaying Files
Feature History for File Management

Information About Files

The Cisco Nexus 1000V file system provides a single interface to all the file systems that the Cisco Nexus 1000V switch uses, including:

Flash memory file systems
Network file systems (TFTP and FTP)
Any other endpoint for reading or writing data (such as the running configuration)

Navigating the File System

Specifying File Systems

The syntax for specifying a file system is <file system name>:[//server/]. The following table describes file system syntax.

File System Name	Server	Description
bootflash	sup-active sup-local sup-1 module-1	Internal memory located on the active supervisor used for storing system images, configuration files, and other miscellaneous files. Cisco Nexus 1000V CLI defaults to the bootflash: file system
sup-standby sup-remote sup-2 module-2	Internal memory located on the standby supervisor used for storing system images, configuration files, and other miscellaneous files.
volatile	—	Volatile random-access memory (VRAM) located on a supervisor module used for temporary or pending changes.

File System Name

Server

Description

bootflash

sup-active

sup-local

sup-1

module-1

Internal memory located on the active supervisor used for storing system images, configuration files, and other miscellaneous files. Cisco Nexus 1000V CLI defaults to the bootflash: file system

sup-standby

sup-remote

sup-2

module-2

Internal memory located on the standby supervisor used for storing system images, configuration files, and other miscellaneous files.

volatile

—

Volatile random-access memory (VRAM) located on a supervisor module used for temporary or pending changes.

Identifying the Directory You are Working From

You can display the directory name of your current CLI location.

Before You Begin

Before beginning this procedure, you must be logged in to the CLI in any command mode.

Procedure

	Command or Action	Purpose
Step 1	switch# pwd	Displays the present working directory.

switch# pwd
bootflash:

Changing Your Directory

You can change your location in the CLI, from one directory or file system to another.

Cisco Nexus 1000V CLI defaults to the bootflash: file system.

Note

Any file saved in the volatile: file system is erased when the switch reboots.

Before You Begin

Before beginning this procedure, you must be logged in to the CLI in any command mode.

Procedure

	Command or Action	Purpose
Step 1	switch# pwd	Displays the directory name of your current CLI location.
Step 2	switch# cd directory name switch# cd bootflash: Changes your CLI location to the root directory on the bootflash: file system. switch# cd bootflash:mydir Changes your CLI location to the mydir directory that resides in the bootflash: file system. switch# cd mystorage Changes your CLI location to the mystorage directory that resides within the current directory. If the current directory is bootflash: mydir, this command changes the current directory to bootflash: mydir/mystorage.	Changes your CLI location to the root directory on the bootflash: file system.

Command or Action

Purpose

Step 1

switch# pwd

Displays the directory name of your current CLI location.

Step 2

switch# cd directory name

switch# cd bootflash:
Changes your CLI location to the root directory on the bootflash: file system.

switch# cd bootflash:mydir
Changes your CLI location to the mydir directory that resides in the bootflash: file system.

switch# cd mystorage
Changes your CLI location to the mystorage directory that resides within the current directory.

If the current directory is bootflash: mydir, this command changes the current directory to bootflash: mydir/mystorage.

Changes your CLI location to the root directory on the bootflash: file system.

switch# pwd
volatile:
switch# cd bootflash:

switch# pwd
volatile:
switch# cd bootflash:mydir

switch# pwd
volatile:
switch# cd mystorage

Listing the Files in a File System

Procedure

	Command or Action	Purpose
Step 1	switch# dir [directory \| filename]	Displays the contents of a directory or file.

switch(config)# dir
      77824    Jul 26 01:48:13 2013  accounting.log
       4096    Jun 24 21:08:18 2013  core/
       4096    Jun 24 21:08:18 2013  log/
      16384    Jun 24 21:07:59 2013  lost+found/
        875    Jun 28 04:19:00 2013  mts.log
    1955033    Jun 24 21:08:11 2013  n1000v-dk9-dplug.5.2.1.SK1.1.0.345.gbin
   31329792    Jun 24 21:08:11 2013  n1000v-dk9-kickstart.5.2.1.SK1.1.0.345.gbin
   98044335    Jun 24 21:08:15 2013  n1000v-dk9.5.2.1.SK1.1.0.345.gbin
       4096    Jun 24 21:08:43 2013  vdc_2/
       4096    Jun 24 21:08:43 2013  vdc_3/
       4096    Jun 24 21:08:43 2013  vdc_4/
    8401501    Jun 24 21:08:17 2013  vsmcpa.3.0.0.112.bin

Usage for bootflash://
  498884608 bytes used
 5905084416 bytes free
 6403969024 bytes total
switch(config)#

Identifying Available File Systems for Copying Files

Before You Begin

Before beginning this procedure, you must be logged in to the CLI in EXEC mode.

Procedure

	Command or Action	Purpose
Step 1	switch# copy ?	Displays the source file systems available to the copy command.
Step 2	switch# copy filename ?	Displays the destination file systems available to the copy command for a specific file.

switch# copy ?
bootflash: Select source filesystem
core: Select source filesystem
debug: Select source filesystem
ftp: Select source filesystem
licenses Backup license files
log: Select source filesystem
nvram: Select source filesystem
running-config Copy running configuration to destination
scp: Select source filesystem
sftp: Select source filesystem
startup-config Copy startup configuration to destination
system: Select source filesystem
tftp: Select source filesystem
volatile: Select source filesystem

Using Tab Completion

You can have the CLI complete a partial file name in a command.

Procedure

	Command or Action	Purpose
Step 1	switch# show file filesystem name: partial filename <Tab>	Completes the filename when you type a partial filename and then press Tab and if the characters you typed are unique to a single file. If not, the CLI lists a selection of file names that match the characters that you typed. You can then retype enough characters to make the file name unique; and CLI completes the filename for you.
Step 2	switch# show file bootflash:nexus-1000v- <Tab>	Completes the file name for you

Command or Action

Purpose

Step 1

switch# show file filesystem name: partial filename <Tab>

Completes the filename when you type a partial filename and then press Tab and if the characters you typed are unique to a single file.

If not, the CLI lists a selection of file names that match the characters that you typed.

You can then retype enough characters to make the file name unique; and CLI completes the filename for you.

Step 2

switch# show file bootflash:nexus-1000v- <Tab>

Completes the file name for you

switch# show file bootflash:nexus-1000v-
bootflash:nexus-n1000v-dk9-dplug.5.2.1.SK1.1.0.345.gbin      
bootflash:nexus-1000v-mzg.5.2.1.SK1.1.0.345.gbin
bootflash:nexus-1000v-kickstart-mzg.5.2.1.SK1.1.0.345.gbin
n1000v# show file bootflash:c<Tab>
-----BEGIN RSA PRIVATE KEY-----
MIICXgIBAAKBgQDSq93BrlHcg3bX1jXDMY5c9+yZSST3VhuQBqogvCPDGeLecA+j
...
...
switch#

Copying and Backing Up Files

You can copy a file, such as a configuration file, to save it or reuse it at another location. If your internal file systems are corrupted, you could potentially lose your configuration. Save and back up your configuration files periodically. Also, before installing or migrating to a new software configuration, back up the existing configuration files.

Note

Use the dir command to ensure that enough space is available in the destination file system. If enough space is not available, use the delete command to remove unneeded files.

Before You Begin

Before beginning this procedure, you must be of the following:

You are logged in to the CLI through a Telnet, or SSH connection.
Your device has a route to the destination if you are copying to a remote location. Your device and the remote destination must be in the same subnetwork if you do not have a router or default gateway to route traffic between subnets.
Your device has connectivity to the destination. Use the ping command to be sure.
The source configuration file is in the correct directory on the remote server.
The permissions on the source file are set correctly. Permissions on the file should be set to world-read.

Procedure

	Command or Action	Purpose
Step 1	switch# copy [source filesystem:] filename [destination filesystem:] filename switch# copy system:running-config system run.cfg Saves a copy of the running configuration to a remote switch. switch# copy bootflash: system_image bootflash://sup-standby/system_image Copies a file from bootflash in the active supervisor module to bootflash in the standby supervisor module. switch# copy system:running-config bootflash:config Copies a running configuration to the bootflash: file system. switch# copy scp:[//[username@]server][/path]/filename Copies a source or destination URL for a network server that supports Secure Shell (SSH) and accepts copies of files using the secure copy protocol (scp). switch# copy sftp:[//[username@]server][/path]/filename/// Copies a source or destination URL for an SSH FTP (SFTP) network server. switch# copy system:running-config bootflash:my-config Places a back up copy of the running configuration on the bootflash: file system (ASCII file). switch# copy bootflash: filename bootflash:directory/filename Copies the specified file from the root directory of the bootflash: file system to the specified directory. switch# copy filename directory/filename Copies a file within the current file system. switch# copy tftp:[//server[:port]][/path]/filenamesystem:/filename Copies the source file to the running configuration on the switch, and configures the switch as the file is parsed line by line.	Copies a file from the specified source location to the specified destination location.

switch# copy system:running-config tftp://10.10.1.1/home/configs/switch3-run.cfg

switch# copy bootflash:system_image bootflash://sup-2/system_image

switch# copy system:running-config bootflash:my-config

switch# copy scp://user@10.1.7.2/system-image bootflash:system-image

switch# copy sftp://172.16.10.100/myscript.txt volatile:myscript.txt

switch# copy system:running-config bootflash:my-config

switch# copy bootflash:samplefile bootflash:mystorage/samplefile

switch# copy samplefile mystorage/samplefile

switch# copy tftp://10.10.1.1/home/configs/switch3-run.cfg system:running-config

Creating a Directory

Procedure

	Command or Action	Purpose
Step 1	switch# mkdir directory name mkdir {bootflash: \| debug: \| volatile:} Specifies the directory name you choose: bootflash: debug: volatile: switch# mkdir bootflash:directory name Creates a directory that you name in the bootflash: directory.	Creates a directory at the current directory level.

switch# mkdir test

switch# mkdir bootflash:test

Removing an Existing Directory

This command is valid only on Flash file systems.

Before You Begin

Before beginning this procedure, be sure of the following:

You are logged in to the CLI.
The directory you want to remove is empty.

Procedure

	Command or Action	Purpose
Step 1	switch# rmdir [filesystem:[//module/]]directory switch# rmdir directory Removes the specified directory at the current directory level. switch# rmdir {bootflash: \| debug: \| volatile:} directory Removes a directory from the file system.	Removes a directory. The directory name is case sensitive.

Command or Action

Purpose

Step 1

switch# rmdir [filesystem:[//module/]]directory

switch# rmdir directory
Removes the specified directory at the current directory level.
switch# rmdir {bootflash: | debug: | volatile:} directory
Removes a directory from the file system.

Removes a directory.

The directory name is case sensitive.

switch# rmdir test

switch# rmdir bootflash:test

Moving Files

Caution

If a file with the same name already exists in the destination directory, that file is overwritten by the moved file.

The move will not complete if there is not enough space in the destination directory.

Before You Begin

Before beginning this procedure, you must be logged in to the CLI.

Procedure

	Command or Action	Purpose
Step 1	switch# move {source path and filename} {destination path and filename} switch# move filename path/filename Moves the file from one directory to another in the current file system.	Moves the file from one directory to another in the same file system (bootflash:).

switch# move bootflash:samplefile bootflash:mystorage/samplefile

switch# move samplefile mystorage/samplefile

Deleting Files or Directories

You can delete files or directories on a Flash Memory device.

Caution

When deleting, if you specify a directory name instead of a file name, the entire directory and its contents are deleted.

Before You Begin

You must understand the following information:

When you delete a file, the software erases the file.
If you attempt to delete the configuration file or image specified by the CONFIG_FILE or BOOTLDR environment variable, the system prompts you to confirm the deletion.
If you attempt to delete the last valid system image specified in the BOOT environment variable, the system prompts you to confirm the deletion.

Procedure

	Command or Action	Purpose
Step 1	switch# delete [bootflash: \| debug: \| log: \| volatile:] filename or directory name switch# delete filename Deletes the named file from the current working directory. switch# delete bootflash:directory name Deletes the named directory and its contents.	Deletes a specified file or directory.

switch# delete bootflash:dns_config.cfg

switch# delete dns_config.cfg

Compressing Files

Before You Begin

Before beginning this procedure, you must be logged in to the CLI.

Procedure

	Command or Action	Purpose
Step 1	switch# gzip [path] filename	Compresses the specified file.
Step 2	switch# dir	Displays the contents of the specified directory, including the newly-compressed file. The compressed filename suffix becomes .gz indicating that it is a compressed gzip file. Shows the file size of the newly-compressed file.

switch# gzip csafile
switch# dir
      77824    Aug 21 13:37:25 2013  accounting.log
       4096    Jun 24 21:08:18 2013  core/
      14278    Aug 21 13:36:54 2013  csafile.gz
       4096    Jul 26 02:47:21 2013  log/
      16384    Jun 24 21:07:59 2013  lost+found/
        875    Jun 28 04:19:00 2013  mts.log
    1955033    Jun 24 21:08:11 2013  n1000v-dk9-dplug.5.2.1.SK1.1.0.345.gbin
   31329792    Jun 24 21:08:11 2013  n1000v-dk9-kickstart.5.2.1.SK1.1.0.345.gbi
n
   98044335    Jun 24 21:08:15 2013  n1000v-dk9.5.2.1.SK1.1.0.345.gbin
       4096    Jun 24 21:08:43 2013  vdc_2/
       4096    Jun 24 21:08:43 2013  vdc_3/
       4096    Jun 24 21:08:43 2013  vdc_4/
    8401501    Jun 24 21:08:17 2013  vsmcpa.3.0.0.112.bin

Usage for bootflash://
  499183616 bytes used
 5904785408 bytes free
 6403969024 bytes total

Uncompressing Files

You can uncompress (unzip) a specified file that is compressed using LZ77 coding.

Before You Begin

Before beginning this procedure, you must be logged in to the CLI.

Procedure

	Command or Action	Purpose
Step 1	switch# gunzip [path] filename	Uncompresses the specified file. The filename is case sensitive .
Step 2	switch# dir	Displays the contents of a directory, including the newly uncompressed file.

Command or Action

Purpose

Step 1

switch# gunzip [path] filename

Uncompresses the specified file.

The filename is case sensitive .

Step 2

switch# dir

Displays the contents of a directory, including the newly uncompressed file.

switch# gunzip bootflash:errorsfile.gz
switch# dir bootflash:
       2687     Jul 01 18:17:20 2013  errorsfile
      16384     Jun 30 05:17:51 2013  lost+found/
       4096     Jun 30 05:18:29 2013  routing-sw/
         49     Jul 01 17:09:18 2013  sample_test.txt
    1322843     Jun 30 05:17:56 2013  nexus-1000v-dplug-mzg.5.2.1.SK1.1.0.345.gbin
   21629952     Jun 30 05:18:02 2013  nexus-1000v-kickstart-mzg.5.2.1.SK1.1.0.345.gbin
   39289400     Jun 30 05:18:14 2013  nexus-1000v-mzg.5.2.1.SK1.1.0.345.gbin

Usage for bootflash://sup-local
  258408448 bytes used
 2939531264 bytes free
 3197939712 bytes total
DCOS-112-R5#

Directing Command Output to a File

Procedure

	Command or Action	Purpose
Step 1	switch# show running-config > [path \| filename] switch# show running-config > volatile:filename Directs the output of the command, show running-config, to the specified filename on the volatile file system. switch# show running-config > bootflash:filename Directs the output of the command, show running-config, to the specified file in bootflash. switch# show running-config > tftp:// ipaddress/filename Directs the output of the command, show running-config, to the specified file on a TFTP server. switch# show interface > filename Directs the output of the command, show interface, to the specified file at the same directory level, for example, in bootflash.	Directs the output of the command, show running-config, to a path and filename.

switch# show running-config > volatile:switch1-run.cfg

switch# show running-config > bootflash:switch2-run.cfg

switch# show running-config > tftp://10.10.1.1/home/configs/switch3-run.cfg

switch# show interface > samplefile

Verifying a Bootable Image

You can verify the integrity of an image before loading it. This command can be used for both the system and kickstart images.

Procedure

	Command or Action	Purpose
Step 1	switch# show version image [bootflash: \| modflash: \|volatile:]	Validates the specified image. bootflash:—specifies bootflash as the directory name. volatile:—Specifies volatile as the directory name. modflash:—Specifies modflash as the directory name.

Command or Action

Purpose

Step 1

switch# show version image [bootflash: | modflash: |volatile:]

Validates the specified image.

bootflash:—specifies bootflash as the directory name.

volatile:—Specifies volatile as the directory name.

modflash:—Specifies modflash as the directory name.

switch# show version image bootflash:n1000v-dk9-dplug.5.2.1.SK1.1.0.345.gbin
  MD5 Verification Passed
  image name: n1000v-dk9-dplug.5.2.1.SK1.1.0.345.gbin
  plugin:     version 5.2(1)SK1(1.1) [build 5.2(1)SK1(1.0.345)] [gdb]
  compiled:   6/17/2013 0:00:00 [06/17/2013 12:16:57]
switch#

Loading a File into the Running Configuration

You can load an image into the running configuration

Procedure

	Command or Action	Purpose
Step 1	switch# copy source path and file system:running-config	Copies the source file to the running configuration on the switch, and configures the switch as the file is parsed line by line.
Step 2	switch# copy running-config startup-config	(Optional) Saves the change persistently through reboots and restarts by copying the running configuration to the startup configuration.

switch# copy tftp://10.10.1.1/home/configs/switch3-run.cfg system:running-config
switch# copy running-config startup-config

Rolling Back to a Previous Configuration

You can recover your configuration from a previously saved version.

Note

Each time you use a copy running-config startup-config command, a binary file is created and the ASCII file is updated. A valid binary configuration file reduces the overall boot time significantly. A binary file cannot be uploaded, but its contents can be used to overwrite the existing startup configuration. The write erase command clears the binary file.

Procedure

	Command or Action	Purpose
Step 1	switch# copy bootflash: {filename} startup-config	Copies the configuration file (ASCII file) that was previously saved in the bootflash: file system to the startup configuration file.

switch# copy bootflash:June13 startup-config

Displaying Files

Displaying File Contents

Before You Begin

Before beginning this procedure, you must be logged in to the CLI.

Procedure

	Command or Action	Purpose
Step 1	switch# show file [bootflash: \| debug: \| volatile:] filename	Displays the contents of the specified file.

switch# show file bootflash:sample_test.txt
config t
Int veth1/1
no shut
end
show int veth1/1

switch#

Displaying Directory Contents

You can display the contents of a directory or file system.

Before You Begin

Before beginning this procedure, you must be logged in to the CLI.

Procedure

	Command or Action	Purpose
Step 1	switch# pwd	Displays the present working directory.
Step 2	switch# dir	Displays the contents of the directory.

switch# pwd
bootflash:
switch# dir

Usage for volatile://
          0 bytes used
   20971520 bytes free
   20971520 bytes total
switch#

Displaying File Checksums

You can display checksums for checking file integrity.

Procedure

	Command or Action	Purpose
Step 1	switch# show file filename [cksum \| md5sum]show file {bootflash: \| volatile: \| debug:} filename [cksum \| md5sum]	Provides the checksum or MD5 checksum of the file for comparison with the original file. Provides the Message-Digest Algorithm 5 (MD5) checksum of the file. MD5 is an electronic fingerprint for the file.

Command or Action

Purpose

Step 1

switch# show file filename [cksum | md5sum]show file {bootflash: | volatile: | debug:} filename [cksum | md5sum]

Provides the checksum or MD5 checksum of the file for comparison with the original file.

Provides the Message-Digest Algorithm 5 (MD5) checksum of the file. MD5 is an electronic fingerprint for the file.

switch# show file bootflash:cisco_svs_certificate.pem cksum
266988670

switch# show file bootflash:cisco_svs_certificate.pem md5sum
d3013f73aea3fda329f7ea5851ae81ff

Displaying the Last Lines in a File

Before You Begin

Before beginning this procedure, you must be logged in to the CLI in EXEC mode.

Procedure

	Command or Action	Purpose
Step 1	switch# tail {path}[filename] {Number of lines}	Displays the requested number of lines from the end of the specified file. The range for the number of lines is from 0 to 80.

Command or Action

Purpose

Step 1

switch# tail {path}[filename] {Number of lines}

Displays the requested number of lines from the end of the specified file.

The range for the number of lines is from 0 to 80.

switch# tail mts.log 5
AT 60000 usecs after 6/24/2013 21:8:37: MTS node 4: state changed from 'offline' to 'supervisor'
AT 820000 usecs after 6/24/2013 21:8:41: MTS node 4: state changed from 'supervisor' to 'active alone'

AT 310000 usecs after 6/24/2013 21:29:57: MTS state 'offline': last_sync_msg opc=0, seq_no=0x0, next_seqno=0x0
AT 310000 usecs after 6/24/2013 21:29:57: MTS node 4: state changed from 'offline' to 'supervisor'
AT 740000 usecs after 6/24/2013 21:30:7: MTS node 4: state changed from 'supervisor' to 'active alone'

Feature History for File Management

Feature Name	Releases	Feature Information
File Management	Release 5.2(1)SK1(2.1)	This feature was introduced.

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