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This chapter contains the following sections:
The Network Time Protocol (NTP) synchronizes timekeeping among a set of distributed time servers and clients. This synchronization allows you to correlate events when you receive system logs and other time-specific events from multiple network devices.
NTP uses the User Datagram Protocol (UDP) as its transport protocol. All NTP communication uses the Universal Time Coordinated (UTC) standard. An NTP server usually receives its time from an authoritative time source, such as a radio clock or an atomic clock attached to a time server. NTP distributes this time across the network. NTP is extremely efficient; no more than one packet per minute is necessary to synchronize two machines to within a millisecond of each other.
NTP uses a stratum to describe how many NTP hops away that a network device is from an authoritative time source. A stratum 1 time server has an authoritative time source (such as an atomic clock) directly attached to the server. A stratum 2 NTP server receives its time through NTP from a stratum 1 NTP server, which in turn connects to the authoritative time source.
NTP avoids synchronizing to a network device that may keep accurate time. NTP never synchronizes to a system that is not in turn synchronized itself. NTP compares the time reported by several network devices and does not synchronize to a network device that has a time that is significantly different than the others, even if its stratum is lower.
Cisco NX-OS cannot act as a stratum 1 server. You cannot connect to a radio or atomic clock. We recommend that the time service that you use for your network is derived from the public NTP servers available on the Internet.
If the network is isolated from the Internet, Cisco NX-OS allows you to configure a network device so that the device acts as though it is synchronized through NTP, when in fact it has determined the time by using other means. Other network devices can then synchronize to that network device through NTP.
NTP allows you to create a peer relationship between two networking devices. A peer can provide time on its own or connect to an NTP server. If both the local device and the remote peer point to different NTP servers, your NTP service is more reliable. The local device maintains the right time even if its NTP server fails by using the time from the peer.
The following diagram shows a network with two NTP stratum 2 servers and two switches.
In this configuration, switch 1 and switch 2 are NTP peers. switch 1 uses stratum-2 server 1, while switch 2 uses stratum-2 server 2. If stratum-2 server-1 fails, switch 1 maintains the correct time through its peer association with switch 2.
Stateless restarts are supported for NTP. After a reboot or a supervisor switchover, the running configuration is applied.
You can configure NTP peers to provide redundancy in case an NTP server fails.
You must have connectivity to at least one server that is running NTP.
Parameter |
Default |
---|---|
NTP |
Enabled |
You can configure NTP using IPv4 addresses or domain name server (DNS) names.
Before beginning this procedure, you must be logged in to the CLI in EXEC mode.
switch# configure terminal switch(config)# ntp server 192.0.2.10 switch(config# ntp peer 2001:0db8::4101
Command |
Purpose |
---|---|
clear ntp session |
Clears the NTP sessions. |
Command |
Purpose |
---|---|
clear ntp statistics |
Clears the NTP sessions. |
Use one of the following commands to verify the configuration:
Command |
Purpose |
---|---|
show ntp peer-status |
Displays the status for all NTP servers and peers. |
show ntp peers |
Displays all the NTP peers. |
show ntp statistics {io | local | memory | peer {ip-address | dns-name} |
Displays the NTP statistics. |
This example configures an NTP server:
Step 1 |
switch# configure terminal Enters global configuration mode. |
Step 2 |
ntp server 192.0.2.10 Configures an NTP server. |
Feature Name |
Releases |
Feature Information |
---|---|---|
NTP |
Release 5.2(1)IC1(1.1) |
This feature was introduced. |