- Introduction to Administering Cisco Prime Infrastructure
- Administrator Setup Tasks
- Prime Infrastructure Server Settings
- Maintaining Prime Infrastructure Server Health
- Backing Up and Restoring Prime Infrastructure
- Maintaining Network Health
- Managing Data and Collection Retention
- Configuring Controller and AP Settings
- Configuring High Availability
- Configuring Wireless Redundancy
- Controlling User Access
- Advanced Monitoring
- Managing Licenses
- Managing Traffic Metrics
- Planning Network Capacity Changes
- Appendix A: Prime Infrastructure Internal SNMP Trap Generation
- Appendix B: Best Practices: Server Security Hardening
- Appendix C: Configuring the Plug and Play High Availability Feature
Cisco Prime Infrastructure 3.0 Administrator Guide
Bias-Free Language
The documentation set for this product strives to use bias-free language. For the purposes of this documentation set, bias-free is defined as language that does not imply discrimination based on age, disability, gender, racial identity, ethnic identity, sexual orientation, socioeconomic status, and intersectionality. Exceptions may be present in the documentation due to language that is hardcoded in the user interfaces of the product software, language used based on RFP documentation, or language that is used by a referenced third-party product. Learn more about how Cisco is using Inclusive Language.
- Updated:
- February 1, 2018
Chapter: Appendix A: Prime Infrastructure Internal SNMP Trap Generation
- About Internal Trap Generation
- Prime Infrastructure SNMP Trap Types
- Ensuring Trap-Related Background Tasks are Running
- Generic SNMP Trap Format
- Prime Infrastructure SNMP Trap Reference
- Working With Prime Infrastructure Traps
Internal SNMP Trap Generation
When properly configured, Prime Infrastructure will send SNMP traps to notification receivers, to notify them on the following events, occurring within the Prime Infrastructure system itself:
- Any crash or failure of an internal software process on the Prime Infrastructure server.
- High Availability (HA) state changes, including Registration, Failover, and Failback.
- High CPU, memory or disk utilization.
- CPU, disk, fan, or Power Supply Unit (PSU) failures.
- Backup failure, certification expiry and licenses violations.
This appendix and the following related topics provide reference information on these internal SNMP traps and how to use them to manage Prime Infrastructure.
About Internal Trap Generation
You can edit the severity associated with each of these internal SNMP traps. You can also change the threshold limits on CPU, memory and disk utilization traps (these SNMP traps are sent when the system hardware exceeds the configured thresholds).
For other events (such as CPU, disk, fan, and PSU failures, or HA state changes), an SNMP trap is sent as soon as the failure or HA state-change is detected.
SNMP traps are generated based on customized threshold and severities for the following:
- Server Process Failures
- High Availability Operations
- CPU Utilization
- Memory Utilization
- Disk Utilization
- Disk Failure
- Fan Failure
- PSU Failure
- Backup Failure
- Certificate Expiry
Prime Infrastructure does not send SNMPv2 Inform or SNMPv3 notifications.
Prime Infrastructure SNMP Trap Types
The following table lists the SNMP traps that Prime Infrastructure generates for its own functions. The listing is by trap type. The table describes the circumstances under which each trap is generated as well as suggested operational responses (where applicable).
Whenever the FTP, MATLAB, or TFTP process on Prime Infrastructure server fails, the server will generate a failure trap and the server's instance of Health Monitor will try to restart the process automatically. If Health Monitor cannot restart it after 3 tries, the HA server will send another failure trap. |
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Whenever the NMS process on a server starts or fails, the Prime Infrastructure server's Health Monitor thread will generate a corresponding trap. To stop or restart the process, connect to the server via CLI and log in as admin. Then execute the nms stop or nms start command, as appropriate. |
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Prime Infrastructure generates this trap whenever the primary server initiates HA registration (whether registration fails or succeeds).Once HA registration is triggered, the primary server generates the trap, indicating the start of the operation. |
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When HA registration is successful, the primary server generates this trap, indicating success. |
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When HA registration fails for any reason, the primary or secondary server on which the failure occurred, generates a trap indicating the failure. The trap contains details about the failure. For assistance, contact the Cisco Technical Assistance Center (TAC). |
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This trap is generated whenever the Prime Infrastructure primary server fails and, as part of a failover, the secondary server tries to become active (whether failover fails or succeeds, and whether the secondary server comes up or fails to do so). If the HA configuration (set during registration) has a Manual failover type, users must trigger the failover. Otherwise, the Health Monitor will trigger failover to the secondary server automatically. One trap will be generated to indicate that the failover was triggered. Because the trap is sent before the failover completes, it will not be logged on the secondary server. |
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When the triggered failover operation is successful, the secondary server generates a trap indicating success. Users can view the trap in the secondary server's alarm browser. |
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When the triggered failover operation fails, a trap will be generated indicating the failure. Users can view the trap in the hm-#-#.log (see Troubleshooting Prime Infrastructure SNMP Traps). The trap contains details about the failure. For assistance, contact Cisco TAC. As with other failure traps, alarms and a “clear” trap are sent if the failure corrects itself. |
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This trap is generated whenever a failback to the primary server is triggered on the secondary server (whether or not the failback is successful). Once the primary server is restored, a user must trigger a failback from the secondary server to the primary server using the Failback button on the secondary server Health Monitor web page (there is no automatic Failback option). Once triggered, the secondary server generates the trap indicating the start of the operation. |
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When the triggered failback operation is successful, the secondary server generates a trap indicating success. Failback success sets the primary server to the ‘Active’ state and the secondary server to the ‘Sync’ state. |
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When the triggered failback operation fails, a trap will be generated indicating this failure. Since the failure can occur on either server, the server on which it occurred will generate the trap. Users can view the trap in the hm-#-#.log and on the northbound management server. A failback failure triggers an automatic rollback, in which the secondary server tries to return to its previous ‘Active’ state. Failure of this operation will cause the secondary server to generate an additional trap indicating rollback failure. The failure traps contain details about the failures. For assistance, contact Cisco TAC. As with other failure traps, alarms and a “clear” trap are sent if the failure corrects itself. |
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Traps will be sent only when the usage exceeds the preset threshold value for CPU utilization. To view these traps, check the jobs and active sessions for the server that generated the trap. |
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Traps will be sent only when the disk usage exceeds the set threshold limit for Disk utilization. To respond, try to free up disk space under the /opt and /localdisk partitions. Do not delete folders under /opt/CSCOlumos without guidance from Cisco TAC. |
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Traps will be sent to the SNMP trap receiver, only when memory usage exceeds the set threshold limit for memory utilization. |
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Traps will be sent to the SNMP trap receiver when disk failure is detected. Contact your local system administrator for corrective action. As with other failure traps, alarms and a “clear” trap are sent if the failure corrects itself. |
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Traps will be sent to the SNMP trap receiver when fan failure is detected. The bad or missing fan will be identified in the trap or alarm message. Contact your local system administrator for corrective action. As with other failure traps, alarms and a “clear” trap are sent if the failure corrects itself. |
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Traps will be sent to the SNMP trap receiver when PSU failure is detected. The problematic power supply will be identified in the trap or alarm message. Contact your local system administrator for corrective action. As with other failure traps, alarms and a “clear” trap are sent if the failure corrects itself. |
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Traps will be sent to the SNMP trap receiver when failure of the daily background task of Prime Infrastructure server backup is detected. The background task runs everyday and takes a backup of the server at the scheduled time. If the backup fails due to insufficient disk space, the event will be processed. If the backup is taken successfully, the alarm will be cleared. |
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Informs users when Prime Infrastructure scheduled daily backup has not been taken for a threshold number of days. The default threshold is seven days. If no backup has been taken for seven days, users are notified by this event. |
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Traps will be sent to the SNMP trap receiver when the certificate is about to expire. A critical trap is sent when the certificate is set to expire in 15 days and a major trap is sent when the certificate expiry is in 60 days. |
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Lifecycle license is used to manage devices. Alarm is generated when the license usage exceeds the configured threshold percentage. By default, traps will be sent when the usage exceeds 80%. However, this can be customized. |
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Data Center license is used to manage Data Center devices. Alarm is generated when the license usage exceeds the configured threshold percentage. By default, traps will be sent when the usage exceeds 80%. However, this can be customized. |
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Assurance License is used to display the devices that pump NetFlow to Prime Infrastructure. Alarm is generated when the license usage exceeds the configured threshold percentage. By default, traps will be sent when the usage exceeds 80%. However, this can be customized. |
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Collector License is used to display the volume of NetFlow pumped to Prime Infrastructure. Alarm is generated when the license usage exceeds the configured threshold percentage. By default, traps will be sent when the usage exceeds 80%. However, this can be customized. |
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Traps will be sent when the expiry period of the License goes below the threshold limit. By default, traps will be sent when the limit is 30 days. However, you can customize the limit between 1-99 days. This event is considered only when you use Evaluation License. |
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Traps will be sent when the expiry period of the License goes below the threshold limit. By default, traps will be sent when the limit is 30 days. However, you can customize the limit between 1-99 days. This event is considered only when you use Evaluation License. |
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Traps will be sent when the expiry period of the License goes below the threshold limit. By default, traps will be sent when the limit is 30 days. However, you can customize the limit between 1-99 days. This event is considered only when you use Evaluation License. |
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Traps will be sent when the expiry period of the License goes below the threshold limit. By default, traps will be sent when the limit is 30 days. However, you can customize the limit between 1-99 days. This event is considered only when you use Evaluation License. |
Ensuring Trap-Related Background Tasks are Running
The following table lists Prime Infrastructure background tasks that must be running in order to ensure that certain kinds of internal trap information are received. If you are not receiving these types of traps, select Administration > Settings > Background Tasks and then click on the appropriate background task link to ensure the task is enabled and running on the correct schedule.
Generic SNMP Trap Format
The following shows the syntax of SNMP trap notifications for Prime Infrastructure:
Component
: Component Name,
Server
: Primary, Secondary or Standalone,
Type
: Process, Sync, Activity, etc.,
Service
: Service Name,
When
: Phase in the Prime Infrastructure Lifecycle,
State
: HA and HM state of the server,
Result
: Warning, Failure, Success, Information, Exception,
MSG
: Free-form text of the message for a given SNMP Trap
Table A-3 describes possible values for each of the generic trap format attributes.
Prime Infrastructure SNMP Trap Reference
The tables below provide details for each class of SNMP trap notification generated in Prime Infrastructure. The mapped OID for the WCS northbound notification MIB is 1.3.6.1.4.1.9.9.712.1.1.2.1.12. This OID is referenced by Prime Infrastructure's software- and hardware-related traps.The trap OID for the northbound MIB will always be 1.3.6.1.4.1.9.9.712.0.1. For details, consult the listing for CISCO-WIRELESS-NOTIFICATION-MIB .
Working With Prime Infrastructure Traps
The following sections explain how to configure and use Prime Infrastructure trap notifications.
- Configuring Notifications
- Port Used To Send Traps
- Configuring Email Notifications for SNMP Traps
- Viewing Events and Alarms for SNMP Traps
- Filtering Events and Alarms for SNMP Traps
- Purging Alarms for SNMP Traps
- Troubleshooting Prime Infrastructure SNMP Traps
Configuring Notifications
For Prime Infrastructure to send northbound SNMP trap notifications, you must configure the correct settings on both the Prime Infrastructure Event Notification and Notification Receivers pages. Once configured, traps will be generated based on the values associated with the Threshold and Severity for the following SNMP Events:
- Appliance Process Failure
- HA Operations
- CPU, disk and memory utilization
- Disk, fan and PSU Failure
- Backup failure, certification expiry and licenses violations
You can edit the threshold and severity associated with each event, and enable or disable trap generation for the associated event.
Step 1 Log in to Prime Infrastructure using a user ID with root domain privileges.
Step 2 Select Administration > Settings > System Settings > Alarms and Events > System Event configuration .
Step 3 For each SNMP event you want to configure:
a. Click on the row for that event.
b. Set the Event Severity level to Critical, Major, or Minor, as needed.
c. For the CPU, disk, memory utilization, life cycle, data center, assurance, and collector traps: Enter the Threshold percentage (from 1-99). These events will send the associated SNMP traps when the utilization exceeds the threshold limit. You cannot set thresholds for events for which the threshold setting is shown as NA. These events send traps whenever the associated failure is detected.
d. For backup threshold, certificate expiry, certificate expiry (critical), lifecycle license, data center license, assurance license, and collector license trap: Enter the Threshold in days (from x-y, where x is the minimum value and y is the maximum value in days).
e. Set the Event Status to Enabled or Disabled. If set to Enabled, the corresponding trap will be generated for this event.
Step 4 When you are finished, click Save to save your changes.
Configuring Notification Receivers
Once you have enabled trap notifications and customized their severities and thresholds, you must configure one or more Notification Receivers to receive the traps.
When you add a Notification Receiver, remember to select the System checkbox as one of the Criteria and, set the Severity to the highest severity set under the severity level configured for each trap on the Event Notifications page.
Step 1 Log in to Prime Infrastructure with a user ID that has administrator privileges.
Step 2 Select Administration > Settings > System Settings > Alarms and Events > Notification Receivers.
Step 3 From the Select a command drop-down list, choose Add Notification Receiver , then click Go .
Step 4 Complete at least the following fields:
a. IP Address : Enter the IPv4 or IPv6 address of the server on which the receiver will run.
b. Server Name : Enter the host name of the server on which the receiver will run.
c. Under Criteria - Category , select at least the System checkbox.
d. Under Criteria - Severity , select the highest Severity Level that you set when you configured the trap notifications themselves.
For example: If you selected “Critical” as the Event Severity for a PSU failure, select “Critical” as the value in this field.
Alternatively: Select All to receive all traps, regardless of severity.
Step 5 When you are finished, click Save.
Port Used To Send Traps
Prime Infrastructure sends traps to notification receivers on port 162. This port cannot be customized at present. The northbound management system has to register itself through the Notification Receiver web page (see Configuring Notification Receivers).
Configuring Email Notifications for SNMP Traps
You can configure Prime Infrastructure to send email notification for alarms and events generated in response to SNMP traps. All of these alarms and events are considered part of the System event category. You can also customize the severity level for which such notifications will be sent.
Note that, for these email notifications to be sent, the Prime Infrastructure administrator must configure at least a primary SMTP email server.
Step 1 Log in to Prime Infrastructure.
Step 2 Select Monitor > Monitoring Tools > Alarms and Events.
Step 3 Click Email Notification tab . Prime Infrastructure displays the first Email Notification Settings page.
Step 4 In the Alarm Category column, click on the System category's name. Prime Infrastructure displays a second Email Notification Settings page.
Step 5 Under Send email for the following severity levels , select all of the severity levels for which you want Prime Infrastructure to send email notifications.
Step 6 In To , enter the email address to which you want Prime Infrastructure to send email notifications. If you have multiple email addresses, enter them as a comma-separated list.
Step 7 Click Save . Prime Infrastructure displays the first Email Notification Settings page.
Step 8 In the Enable column, make sure System is selected, then click Save .
Configuring Email Server Settings
To enable Prime Infrastructure to send email notifications, the system administrator must configure a primary SMTP email server (and, preferably, a secondary email server).
Step 1 Log in to Prime Infrastructure using a user ID with administrator privileges.
Step 2 Select Administration > Settings > System Settings > Mail and Notification > Mail Server Configuration .
Step 3 Under Primary SMTP Server , complete the Hostname/IP , User Nam e, Password and Confirm Password fields as appropriate for the email server you want Prime Infrastructure to use. Enter the IP address of the physical server. You cannot enter a virtual IP address in the Hostname/IP field, and the IP address cannot be behind a load balancer.
Step 4 (Optional) Complete the same fields under Secondary SMTP Server .
Step 5 Under Sender and Receivers , enter a legitimate email address for the Prime Infrastructure server.
Step 6 When you are finished, click Save .
Viewing Events and Alarms for SNMP Traps
Events and Alarms for all of Prime Infrastructure’s internal SNMP traps fall under the System category. You can view them in the Prime Infrastructure Alarms and Events dashboard.
Step 1 Log in to Prime Infrastructure.
Step 2 Select Monitor > Monitoring Tools > Alarms and Events .
Filtering Events and Alarms for SNMP Traps
You can use the Prime Infrastructure Filter feature to narrow the display of alarms to just those in the System category, or use a combination of criteria and operators to focus the list on very specific alarms. The following sections explain how to do this.
Filtering for SNMP Traps Using Quick Filters
Prime Infrastructure's Quick Filters allow you to quickly focus on the data inside a table by applying a filter for a specific table column or columns.
Step 1 Log in to Prime Infrastructure.
Step 2 Select Monitor > Monitoring Tools > Alarms and Events .
Step 3 From the Show drop-down list, select Quick Filter . Prime Infrastructure displays a table header listing fields on which you can perform a quick filter, including Severity , Message , and Category .
Step 4 In the Category field, enter System . Prime Infrastructure displays only System alarms.
Step 5 To clear the Quick Filter, click the funnel icon shown next to the Show box.
Filtering for SNMP Traps Using Advanced Filters
Prime Infrastructure's Advanced Filter allows you to narrow down the data in a table by applying a filter combining multiple types of data with logical operators (such as “Does not contain”, “Does not equal”, “Ends with”, and so on). For example, you can choose to filter the table of alarms based on the Category, then further reduce the data by filtering on Severity (as shown in the steps below). You can also save an Advanced Filter for later re-use.
Step 1 Log in to Prime Infrastructure.
Step 2 Select Monitor > Monitoring Tools > Alarms and Events .
Step 3 From the Show drop-down list, select Advanced Filter . Prime Infrastructure displays a table header showing criteria for the first rule in the filter.
Step 4 Complete the first rule as follows:
a. In the first field, select Category from the drop-down list.
b. In the second field, select Contains from the drop-down list.
c. In the third rule field, enter System .
d. Click Go . Prime Infrastructure displays only System alarms.
Step 5 Click the plus sign icon to add another rule, then complete the second rule as follows:
a. In the first field, select Severity from the drop down list
b. In the second field, select equals (=) from the drop-down list.
c. In the third rule field, select Major from the drop-down list.
d. Click Go . Prime Infrastructure displays only System alarms with Major Severity.
Step 6 To save the Advanced filter, click the Save icon and supply a name for the filter.
Step 7 To clear the Advanced Filter, click Clear Filter.
Purging Alarms for SNMP Traps
You can remove an alarm from the list of alarms by changing its status to Acknowledged or Cleared. No e-mails will be generated for these alarms.
Step 1 Log in to Prime Infrastructure.
Step 2 Select Monitor > Monitoring Tools > Alarms and Events .
Step 3 Select an alarm, then choose Change Status > Acknowledge or Change Status > Clear .
Troubleshooting Prime Infrastructure SNMP Traps
If you are having trouble with Prime Infrastructure's internal traps and related notifications, check the following:
Step 1 Ping the notification receiver from the Prime Infrastructure server, to ensure that there is connectivity between Prime Infrastructure and your management application.
Step 2 Check if any firewall ACL settings are blocking port 162, and open communications on that port if needed.
Step 3 Log in to Prime Infrastructure with a user ID that has administrator privileges. Select Administration > Settings > Logging and download the log files. Then compare the activity recorded in these log files with the activity you are seeing in your management application:
- ncs_nb.log: This is the log of all the northbound SNMP trap messages Prime Infrastructure has sent. Check for messages you have not received.
- ncs- # - # .log: This is the log of other recent Prime Infrastructure activity. Check for hardware trap messages you have not received.
- hm- # - # .log: This is the complete log of Health Monitor activity. Check for recent messages about High Availability state-changes and application-process failures that you have not received.
The messages you see in these logs should match the activity you see in your management application. If you find major differences, open a support case with Cisco Technical Assistance Center (TAC) and attach the suspected log files with your case.
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