IP Multicast: Multicast Configuration Guide, Cisco IOS XE Release 3S (Cisco ASR 900 Series)
Bias-Free Language
The documentation set for this product strives to use bias-free language. For the purposes of this documentation set, bias-free is defined as language that does not imply discrimination based on age, disability, gender, racial identity, ethnic identity, sexual orientation, socioeconomic status, and intersectionality. Exceptions may be present in the documentation due to language that is hardcoded in the user interfaces of the product software, language used based on RFP documentation, or language that is used by a referenced third-party product. Learn more about how Cisco is using Inclusive Language.
Using MSDP to Interconnect Multiple PIM-SM Domains
This module describes the tasks associated with using Multicast Source Discovery Protocol (MSDP) to interconnect multiple
Protocol Independent Multicast (PIM) Sparse Mode (SM) domains. The tasks explain how to configure MSDP peers, mesh groups,
and default peers, how to use filters to control and scope MSDP activity, and how to monitor and maintain MSDP. Using MSDP
with PIM-SM greatly reduces the complexity of connecting multiple PIM-SM domains.
Finding Feature Information
Your software release may not support all the features documented in this module. For the latest caveats and feature information,
see Bug Search Tool and the release notes for your platform and software release. To find information about the features documented in this module,
and to see a list of the releases in which each feature is supported, see the feature information table.
Use Cisco Feature Navigator to find information about platform support and Cisco software image support. To access Cisco Feature
Navigator, go to www.cisco.com/go/cfn. An account on Cisco.com is not required.
Information About Using MSDP to Interconnect Multiple PIM-SM Domains
Benefits of Using MSDP to Interconnect Multiple PIM-SM Domains
Allows a rendezvous point (RP) to dynamically discover active sources outside of its domain.
Introduces a more manageable approach for building multicast distribution trees between multiple domains.
MSDP is a mechanism
to connect multiple PIM-SM domains. The purpose of MSDP is to discover
multicast sources in other PIM domains. The main advantage of MSDP is that it
reduces the complexity of interconnecting multiple PIM-SM domains by allowing
PIM-SM domains to use an interdomain source tree (rather than a common shared
tree). When MSDP is configured in a network, RPs exchange source information
with RPs in other domains. An RP can join the interdomain source tree for
sources that are sending to groups for which it has receivers. The RP can do
that because it is the root of the shared tree within its domain, which has
branches to all points in the domain where there are active receivers. When a
last-hop device learns of a new source outside the PIM-SM domain (through the
arrival of a multicast packet from the source down the shared tree), it then
can send a join toward the source and join the interdomain source tree.
Note
If the RP either
has no shared tree for a particular group or a shared tree whose outgoing
interface list is null, it does not send a join to the source in another
domain.
When MSDP is enabled,
an RP in a PIM-SM domain maintains MSDP peering relationships with MSDP-enabled
devices in other domains. This peering relationship occurs over a TCP
connection, where primarily a list of sources sending to multicast groups is
exchanged. MSDP uses TCP (port 639) for its peering connections. As with BGP,
using point-to-point TCP peering means that each peer must be explicitly
configured. The TCP connections between RPs, moreover, are achieved by the
underlying routing system. The receiving RP uses the source lists to establish
a source path. If the multicast sources are of interest to a domain that has
receivers, multicast data is delivered over the normal, source-tree building
mechanism provided by PIM-SM. MSDP is also used to announce sources sending to
a group. These announcements must originate at the RP of the domain.
The figure
illustrates MSDP operating between two MSDP peers. PIM uses MSDP as the
standard mechanism to register a source with the RP of a domain.
When MSDP is
implemented, the following sequence of events occurs:
When a PIM
designated device (DR) registers a source with its RP as illustrated in the
figure, the RP sends a Source-Active (SA) message to all of its MSDP peers.
Note
The DR sends the
encapsulated data to the RP only once per source (when the source goes active).
If the source times out, this process happens again when it goes active again.
This situation is different from the periodic SA message that contains all
sources that are registered to the originating RP. Those SA messages are MSDP
control packets, and, thus, do not contain encapsulated data from active
sources.
The SA message
identifies the source address, the group that the source is sending to, and the
address or the originator ID of the RP, if configured.
Each MSDP peer
that receives the SA message floods the SA message to all of its peers
downstream from the originator. In some cases (such as the case with the RPs in
PIM-SM domains B and C in the figure), an RP may receive a copy of an SA
message from more than one MSDP peer. To prevent looping, the RP consults the
BGP next-hop database to determine the next hop toward the originator of the SA
message. If both MBGP and unicast BGP are configured, MBGP is checked first,
and then unicast BGP. That next-hop neighbor is the RPF-peer for the
originator. SA messages that are received from the originator on any interface
other than the interface to the RPF peer are dropped. The SA message flooding
process, therefore, is referred to as peer-RPF flooding. Because of the
peer-RPF flooding mechanism, BGP or MBGP must be running in conjunction with
MSDP.
When an RP
receives an SA message, it checks to see whether there are any members of the
advertised groups in its domain by checking to see whether there are interfaces
on the group’s (*, G) outgoing interface list. If there are no group members,
the RP does nothing. If there are group members, the RP sends an (S, G) join
toward the source. As a result, a branch of the interdomain source tree is
constructed across autonomous system boundaries to the RP. As multicast packets
arrive at the RP, they are then forwarded down its own shared tree to the group
members in the RP’s domain. The members’ DRs then have the option of joining
the rendezvous point tree (RPT) to the source using standard PIM-SM procedures.
The originating
RP continues to send periodic SA messages for the (S, G) state every 60 seconds
for as long as the source is sending packets to the group. When an RP receives
an SA message, it caches the SA message. Suppose, for example, that an RP
receives an SA message for (172.16.5.4, 228.1.2.3) from originating RP
10.5.4.3. The RP consults its mroute table and finds that there are no active
members for group 228.1.2.3, so it passes the SA message to its peers
downstream of 10.5.4.3. If a host in the domain then sends a join to the RP for
group 228.1.2.3, the RP adds the interface toward the host to the outgoing
interface list of its (*, 224.1.2.3) entry. Because the RP caches SA messages,
the device will have an entry for (172.16.5.4, 228.1.2.3) and can join the
source tree as soon as a host requests a join.
Note
In all current and
supported software releases, caching of MSDP SA messages is mandatory and
cannot be manually enabled or disabled. By default, when an MSDP peer is
configured, theipmulticastcache-sa-state command will automatically be added
to the running configuration.
MSDP Message Types
There are four basic MSDP message types, each encoded in their own Type, Length, and Value (TLV) data format.
SA Messages
SA messages are used to advertise active sources in a domain. In addition, these SA messages may contain the initial multicast
data packet that was sent by the source.
SA messages contain the IP address of the originating RP and one or more (S, G) pairs being advertised. In addition, the SA
message may contain an encapsulated data packet.
SA request messages
are used to request a list of active sources for a specific group. These
messages are sent to an MSDP SA cache that maintains a list of active (S, G)
pairs in its SA cache. Join latency can be reduced by using SA request messages
to request the list of active sources for a group instead of having to wait up
to 60 seconds for all active sources in the group to be readvertised by
originating RPs.
SA Response Messages
SA response messages
are sent by the MSDP peer in response to an SA request message. SA response
messages contain the IP address of the originating RP and one or more (S, G)
pairs of the active sources in the originating RP’s domain that are stored in
the cache.
Keepalive Messages
Keepalive messages
are sent every 60 seconds in order to keep the MSDP session active. If no
keepalive messages or SA messages are received for 75 seconds, the MSDP session
is reset.
SA Message Origination Receipt and Processing
The section describes SA message origination, receipt, and processing in detail.
SA Message Origination
SA messages are triggered by an RP (assuming MSDP is configured) when any new source goes active within a local PIM-SM domain.
A local source is a source that is directly connected to the RP or is the first-hop DR that has registered with it. An RP
originates SA messages only for local sources in its PIM-SM domain; that is, for local sources that register with it.
Note
A local source is denoted by the A flag being set in the (S, G) mroute entry on the RP (which can be viewed in the output
of the showipmroute command). This flag indicates that the source is a candidate for advertisement by the RP to other MSDP peers.
When a source is in the local PIM-SM domain, it causes the creation of (S, G) state in the RP. New sources are detected by
the RP either by the receipt of a register message or the arrival of the first (S, G) packet from a directly connected source.
The initial multicast packet sent by the source (either encapsulated in the register message or received from a directly connected
source) is encapsulated in the initial SA message.
SA Message Receipt
SA messages are only accepted from the MSDP RPF peer that is in the best path back toward the originator. The same SA message
arriving from other MSDP peers must be ignored or SA loops can occur. Deterministically selecting the MSDP RPF peer for an
arriving SA message requires knowledge of the MSDP topology. However, MSDP does not distribute topology information in the
form of routing updates. MSDP infers this information by using (M)BGP routing data as the best approximation of the MSDP topology
for the SA RPF check mechanism. An MSDP topology, therefore, must follow the same general topology as the BGP peer topology.
Besides a few exceptions (such as default MSDP peers and MSDP peers in MSDP mesh groups), MSDP peers, in general should also
be (M)BGP peers.
How RPF Check Rules Are Applied to SA Messages
The rules that apply to RPF checks for SA messages are dependent on the BGP peerings between the MSDP peers:
Rule 1: Applied when the sending MSDP peer is also an interior (M)BGP peer.
Rule 2: Applied when the sending MSDP peer is also an exterior (M)BGP peer.
Rule 3: Applied when the sending MSDP peer is not an (M)BGP peer.
RPF checks are not performed in the following cases:
If the sending MSDP peer is the only MSDP peer, which would be the case if only a single MSDP peer or a default MSDP peer
is configured.
If the sending MSDP peer is a member of a mesh group.
If the sending MSDP peer address is the RP address contained in the SA message.
How the Software Determines the Rule to Apply to RPF Checks
The software uses the following logic to determine which RPF rule to apply to RPF checks:
Find the (M)BGP neighbor that has the same IP address as the sending MSDP peer.
If the matching (M)BGP neighbor is an internal BGP (iBGP) peer, apply Rule 1.
If the matching (M)BGP neighbor is an external BGP (eBGP) peer, apply Rule 2.
If no match is found, apply Rule 3.
The implication of the RPF check rule selection is as follows: The IP address used to configure an MSDP peer on a device
must match the IP address used to configure the (M)BGP peer on the same device.
Rule 1 of RPF Checking of SA Messages in MSDP
Rule 1 of RPF checking in MSDP is applied when the sending MSDP peer is also an i(M)BGP peer. When Rule 1 is applied, the
RPF check proceeds as follows:
The peer searches the BGP Multicast Routing Information Base (MRIB) for the best path to the RP that originated the SA message.
If a path is not found in the MRIB, the peer then searches the Unicast Routing Information Base (URIB). If a path is still
not found, the RPF check fails.
If the previous search succeeds (that is, the best path is found), the peer then determines the address of the BGP neighbor
for this best path, which will be the address of the BGP neighbor that sent the peer the path in BGP update messages.
Note
The BGP neighbor address is not the same as the next-hop address in the path. Because i(M)BGP peers do not update the next-hop
attribute of a path, the next-hop address usually is not the same as the address of the BGP peer that sent us the path.
Note
The BGP neighbor address is not necessarily the same as the BGP ID of the peer that sent the peer the path.
If the IP address of the sending MSDP peer is the same as the BGP neighbor address (that is, the address of the BGP peer
that sent the peer the path), then the RPF check succeeds; otherwise it fails.
Implications of Rule 1 of RPF Checking on MSDP
The MSDP topology must mirror the (M)BGP topology. In general, wherever there is an i(M)BGP peer connection between two devices,
an MSDP peer connection should be configured. More specifically, the IP address of the far-end MSDP peer connection must be
the same as the far-end i(M)BGP peer connection. The addresses must be the same because the BGP topology between i(M)BGP peers
inside an autonomous system is not described by the AS path. If it were always the case that i(M)BGP peers updated the next-hop
address in the path when sending an update to another i(M)BGP peer, then the peer could rely on the next-hop address to describe
the i(M)BGP topology (and hence the MSDP topology). However, because the default behavior for i(M)BGP peers is to not update
the next-hop address, the peer cannot rely on the next-hop address to describe the (M)BGP topology (MSDP topology). Instead,
the i(M)BGP peer uses the address of the i(M)BGP peer that sent the path to describe the i(M)BGP topology (MSDP topology)
inside the autonomous system.
Tip
Care should be taken when configuring the MSDP peer addresses to make sure that the same address is used for both i(M)BGP
and MSDP peer addresses.
Rule 2 of RPF Checking of SA Messages in MSDP
Rule 2 of RPF checking in MSDP is applied when the sending MSDP peer is also an e(M)BGP peer. When Rule 2 is applied, the
RPF check proceeds as follows:
The peer searches the BGP MRIB for the best path to the RP that originated the SA message. If a path is not found in the MRIB,
the peer then searches the URIB. If a path is still not found, the RPF check fails.
If the previous search succeeds (that is, the best path is found), the peer then examines the path. If the first autonomous
system in the best path to the RP is the same as the autonomous system of the e(M)BGP peer (which is also the sending MSDP
peer), then the RPF check succeeds; otherwise it fails.
Implications of Rule 2 of RPF Checking on MSDP
The MSDP topology must mirror the (M)BGP topology. In general, wherever there is an e(M)BGP peer connection between two devices,
an MSDP peer connection should be configured. As opposed to Rule 1, the IP address of the far-end MSDP peer connection does
not have to be the same as the far-end e(M)BGP peer connection.The reason that the addresses do not have to be identical is
that BGP topology between two e(M)BGP peers is not described by the AS path.
Rule 3 of RPF Checking of SA Messages in MSDP
Rule 3 of RPF checking is applied when the sending MSDP peer is not a (M)BGP peer at all. When Rule 3 is applied, the RPF
check proceeds as follows:
The peer searches the BGP MRIB for the best path to the RP that originated the SA message. If a path is not found in the MRIB,
the peer then searches the URIB. If a path is still not found, the RPF check fails.
If the previous search succeeds (that is, the best path to the RP that originated the SA message is found), the peer then
searches the BGP MRIB for the best path to the MSDP peer that sent the SA message. If a path is not found in the MRIB, the
peer then searches the URIB. If a path is still not found, the RPF check fails.
Note
The autonomous system of the MSDP peer that sent the SA is the origin autonomous system, which is the last autonomous system
in the AS path to the MSDP peer.
If the first autonomous system in the best path to the RP is the same as the autonomous system of the sending MSDP peer, then
the RPF check succeeds; otherwise it fails.
SA Message Processing
The following steps are taken by an MSDP peer whenever it processes an SA message:
Using the group address G of the (S, G) pair in the SA message, the peer locates the associated (*, G) entry in the mroute
table. If the (*, G) entry is found and its outgoing interface list is not null, then there are active receivers in the PIM-SM
domain for the source advertised in the SA message.
The MSDP peer then creates an (S, G) entry for the advertised source.
If the (S, G) entry did not already exist, the MSDP peer immediately triggers an (S, G) join toward the source in order to
join the source tree.
The peer then floods the SA message to all other MSDP peers with the exception of:
The MSDP peer from which the SA message was received.
Any MSDP peers that are in the same MSDP mesh group as this device (if the peer is a member of a mesh group).
Note
SA messages are stored locally in the device’s SA cache.
MSDP Peers
Like BGP, MSDP establishes neighbor relationships with other MSDP peers. MSDP peers connect using TCP port 639. The lower
IP address peer takes the active role of opening the TCP connection. The higher IP address peer waits in LISTEN state for
the other to make the connection. MSDP peers send keepalive messages every 60 seconds. The arrival of data performs the same
function as the keepalive message and keeps the session from timing out. If no keepalive messages or data is received for
75 seconds, the TCP connection is reset.
MSDP MD5 Password Authentication
The MSDP MD5 password authentication feature is an enhancement to support Message Digest 5 (MD5) signature protection on a
TCP connection between two MSDP peers. This feature provides added security by protecting MSDP against the threat of spoofed
TCP segments being introduced into the TCP connection stream.
How MSDP MD5 Password Authentication Works
Developed in accordance with RFC 2385, the MSDP MD5 password authentication feature is used to verify each segment sent on
the TCP connection between MSDP peers. The ipmsdppasswordpeer command is used to enable MD5 authentication for TCP connections between two MSDP peers. When MD5 authentication is enabled
between two MSDP peers, each segment sent on the TCP connection between the peers is verified. MD5 authentication must be
configured with the same password on both MSDP peers; otherwise, the connection between them will not be made. Configuring
MD5 authentication causes the Cisco IOS software to generate and verify the MD5 digest of every segment sent on the TCP connection.
Benefits of MSDP MD5 Password Authentication
Protects MSDP against the threat of spoofed TCP segments being introduced into the TCP connection stream.
Uses the industry-standard MD5 algorithm for improved reliability and security.
SA Message Limits
The
ipmsdpsa-limit command is used to limit the overall number of SA messages that a device can accept from specified MSDP peers. When theipmsdpsa-limit command is configured, the device maintains a per-peer count of SA messages stored in the SA cache and will ignore new messages
from a peer if the configured SA message limit for that peer has been reached.
The
ipmsdpsa-limit command was introduced as a means to protect an MSDP-enabled device from denial of service (DoS) attacks. We recommended
that you configure SA message limits for all MSDP peerings on the device. An appropriately low SA limit should be configured
on peerings with a stub MSDP region (for example, a peer that may have some further downstream peers but that will not act
as a transit for SA messages across the rest of the Internet). A high SA limit should be configured for all MSDP peerings
that act as transits for SA messages across the Internet.
MSDP Keepalive and Hold-Time Intervals
The ipmsdpkeepalive command is used to adjust the interval at which an MSDP peer will send keepalive messages and the interval at which the MSDP
peer will wait for keepalive messages from other peers before declaring them down.
Once an MSDP peering session is established, each side of the connection sends a keepalive message and sets a keepalive timer.
If the keepalive timer expires, the local MSDP peer sends a keepalive message and restarts its keepalive timer; this interval
is referred to as the keepalive interval. The keepalive-intervalargument is used to adjust the interval for which keepalive messages will be sent. The keepalive timer is set to the value
specified for the keepalive-intervalargument when the peer comes up. The keepalive timer is reset to the value of the keepalive-interval argument whenever an MSDP keepalive message is sent to the peer and reset when the timer expires. The keepalive timer is
deleted when an MSDP peering session is closed. By default, the keepalive timer is set to 60 seconds.
Note
The value specified for the keepalive-interval argument must be less than the value specified for the holdtime-intervalargument and must be at least one second.
The hold-time timer is initialized to the value of the hold-time-interval argument whenever an MSDP peering connection is established, and is reset to the value of the hold-time-intervalargument whenever an MSDP keepalive message is received. The hold-time timer is deleted whenever an MSDP peering connection
is closed. By default, the hold-time interval is set to 75 seconds.
Use the hold-time-interval argument to adjust the interval at which the MSDP peer will wait for keepalive messages from other peers before declaring
them down.
MSDP Connection-Retry Interval
You can adjust the interval at which all MSDP peers will wait after peering sessions are reset before attempting to reestablish
the peering sessions. This interval is referred to as the connection-retry interval. By default, MSDP peers will wait 30 seconds
after the session is reset before attempting to reestablish sessions with other peers. The modified configured connection-retry
interval applies to all MSDP peering sessions on the device.
Default MSDP Peers
A stub autonomous
system also might want to have MSDP peerings with more than one RP for the sake
of redundancy. For example, SA messages cannot just be accepted from multiple
default peers, because there is no RPF check mechanism. Instead, SA messages
are accepted from only one peer. If that peer fails, SA messages are then
accepted from the other peer. The underlying assumption here, of course, is
that both default peers are sending the same SA messages.
The figure
illustrates a scenario where default MSDP peers might be used. In the figure, a
customer that owns Device B is connected to the Internet through two Internet
service providers (ISPs), one that owns Device A and the other that owns Device
C. They are not running BGP or MBGP between them. In order for the customer to
learn about sources in the ISP domain or in other domains, Device B identifies
Device A as its default MSDP peer. Device B advertises SA messages to both
Device A and Device C, but accepts SA messages either from Device A only or
Device C only. If Device A is the first default peer in the configuration, it
will be used if it is up and running. Only if Device A is not running will
Device B accept SA messages from Device C.
The ISP will also
likely use a prefix list to define which prefixes it will accept from the
customer device. The customer will define multiple default peers, each having
one or more prefixes associated with it.
The customer has two
ISPs to use. The customer defines both ISPs as default peers. As long as the
first default peer identified in the configuration is up and running, it will
be the default peer and the customer will accept all SA messages it receives
from that peer.
Device B advertises
SAs to Device A and Device C, but uses only Device A or Device C to accept SA
messages. If Device A is first in the configuration, it will be used if it is
up and running. Only when Device A is not running will Device B accept SAs from
Device C. This is the behavior without a prefix list.
If you specify a
prefix list, the peer will be a default peer only for the prefixes in the list.
You can have multiple active default peers when you have a prefix list
associated with each. When you do not have any prefix lists, you can configure
multiple default peers, but only the first one is the active default peer as
long as the device has connectivity to this peer and the peer is alive. If the
first configured peer goes down or the connectivity to this peer goes down, the
second configured peer becomes the active default, and so on.
MSDP Mesh Groups
An MSDP mesh group is a group of MSDP speakers that have fully meshed MSDP connectivity between one another. In other words,
each of the MSDP peers in the group must have an MSDP peering relationship (MSDP connection) to every other MSDP peer in the
group. When an MSDP mesh group is configured between a group of MSDP peers, SA message flooding is reduced. Because when an
MSDP peer in the group receives an SA message from another MSDP peer in the group, it assumes that this SA message was sent
to all the other MSDP peers in the group. As a result, it is not necessary for the receiving MSDP peer to flood the SA message
to the other MSDP peers in the group.
Benefits of MSDP Mesh Groups
Optimizes SA flooding--MSDP mesh groups are particularly useful for optimizing SA flooding when two or more peers are in a
group.
Reduces the amount of SA traffic across the Internet--When MSDP mesh groups are used, SA messages are not flooded to other
mesh group peers.
Eliminates RPF checks on arriving SA messages--When an MSDP mesh group is configured, SA messages are always accepted from
mesh group peers.
SA Origination Filters
By default, an RP that is configured to run MSDP will originate SA messages for all local sources for which it is the RP.
Local sources that register with an RP, therefore, will be advertised in SA messages, which in some cases is not desirable.
For example, if sources inside a PIM-SM domain are using private addresses (for example, network 10.0.0.0/8), you should configure
an SA origination filter to restrict those addresses from being advertised to other MSDP peers across the Internet.
To control what sources are advertised in SA messages, you can configure SA origination filters on an RP. By creating SA
origination filters, you can control the sources advertised in SA messages as follows:
You can configure an RP to prevent the device from advertising local sources in SA messages. The device will still forward
SA messages from other MSDP peers in the normal fashion; it will just not originate any SA messages for local sources.
You can configure the device to only originate SA messages for local sources sending to specific groups that match (S, G)
pairs defined in the extended access list. All other local sources will not be advertised in SA messages.
You can configure the device to only originate SA messages for local sources sending to specific groups that the match AS
paths defined in an AS-path access list. All other local sources will not be advertised in SA messages.
You can configure the device to only originate SA messages for local sources that match the criteria defined in the route
map. All other local sources will not be advertised in SA messages.
You configure an SA origination filter that includes an extended access list, an AS-path access list, and route map, or a
combination thereof. In this case, all conditions must be true before any local sources are advertised in SA messages.
Use of Outgoing Filter Lists
in MSDP
By default, an
MSDP-enabled device forwards all SA messages it receives to all of its MSDP
peers. However, you can prevent SA messages from being forwarded to MSDP peers
by creating outgoing filter lists. Outgoing filter lists apply to all SA
messages, whether locally originated or received from another MSDP peer,
whereas SA origination filters apply only to locally originated SA messages.
For more information about enabling a filter for MSDP SA messages originated by
the local device, see the
Controlling SA Messages Originated by an RP for
Local Sources section.
By creating an
outgoing filter list, you can control the SA messages that a device forwards to
a peer as follows:
You can filter
all outgoing SA messages forwarded to a specified MSDP peer by configuring the
device to stop forwarding its SA messages to the MSDP peer.
You can filter a
subset of outgoing SA messages forwarded to a specified MSDP peer based on (S,
G) pairs defined in an extended access list by configuring the device to only
forward SA messages to the MSDP peer that match the (S, G) pairs permitted in
an extended access list. The forwarding of all other SA messages to the MSDP
peer will be stopped.
You can filter a
subset of outgoing SA messages forwarded to a specified MSDP peer based on
match criteria defined in a route map by configuring the device to only forward
SA messages that match the criteria defined in the route map. The forwarding of
all other SA messages to the MSDP peer will be stopped.
You can filter a
subset of outgoing SA messages from a specified peer based on the announcing RP
address contained in the SA message by configuring the device to filter
outgoing SA messages based on their origin, even after an SA message has been
transmitted across one or more MSDP peers. The forwarding of all other SA
messages to the MSDP peer will be stopped.
You can configure
an outgoing filter list that includes an extended access list, a route map, and
either an RP access list or an RP route map. In this case, all conditions must
be true for the MSDP peer to forward the outgoing SA message.
Caution
Arbitrary filtering
of SA messages can result in downstream MSDP peers being starved of SA messages
for legitimate active sources. Care, therefore, should be taken when using
these sorts of filters. Normally, outgoing filter lists are used only to reject
undesirable sources, such as sources using private addresses.
Use of Incoming Filter Lists in MSDP
By default, an MSDP-enabled device receives all SA messages sent to it from its MSDP peers. However, you can control the
source information that a device receives from its MSDP peers by creating incoming filter lists.
By creating incoming filter lists, you can control the incoming SA messages that a device receives from its peers as follows:
You can filter all incoming SA messages from a specified MSDP peer by configuring the device to ignore all SA messages sent
to it from the specified MSDP peer.
You can filter a subset of incoming SA messages from a specified peer based on (S, G) pairs defined in an extended access
list by configuring the device to only receive SA messages from the MSDP peer that match the (S, G) pairs defined in the extended
access list. All other incoming SA messages from the MSDP peer will be ignored.
You can filter a subset of incoming SA request messages from a specified peer based on match criteria defined in a route
map by configuring the device to only receive SA messages that match the criteria defined in the route map. All other incoming
SA messages from the MSDP peer will be ignored.
You can filter a subset of incoming SA messages from a specified peer based on both (S, G) pairs defined in an extended access
list and on match criteria defined in a route map by configuring the device to only receive incoming SA messages that both
match the (S, G) pairs defined in the extended access list and match the criteria defined in the route map. All other incoming
SA messages from the MSDP peer will be ignored.
You can filter a subset of incoming SA messages from a specified peer based on the announcing RP address contained in the
SA message by configuring the device to filter incoming SA messages based on their origin, even after the SA message may have
already been transmitted across one or more MSDP peers.
You can configure an incoming filter list that includes an extended access list, a route map, and either an RP access list
or an RP route map. In this case, all conditions must be true for the MSDP peer to receive the incoming SA message.
Caution
Arbitrary filtering of SA messages can result in downstream MSDP peers being starved of SA messages for legitimate active
sources. Care, therefore, should be taken when using these sorts of filters. Normally, incoming filter lists are used only
to reject undesirable sources, such as sources using private addresses.
TTL Thresholds in MSDP
The time-to-live (TTL) value provides a means to limit the number of hops a packet can take before being dropped. The ipmulticastttl-threshold command is used to specify a TTL for data-encapsulated SA messages sent to specified MSDP peers. By default, multicast data
packets in SA messages are sent to an MSDP peer, provided the TTL value of the packet is greater than 0, which is standard
TTL behavior.
In general, a TTL-threshold problem can be introduced by the encapsulation of a source’s initial multicast packet in an SA
message. Because the multicast packet is encapsulated inside of the unicast SA message (whose TTL is 255), its TTL is not
decremented as the SA message travels to the MSDP peer. Furthermore, the total number of hops that the SA message traverses
can be drastically different than a normal multicast packet because multicast and unicast traffic may follow completely different
paths to the MSDP peer and hence the remote PIM-SM domain. As a result, encapsulated packets can end up violating TTL thresholds.
The solution to this problem is to configure a TTL threshold that is associated with any multicast packet that is encapsulated
in an SA message sent to a particular MSDP peer using the ipmulticastttl-threshold command. The ipmsdpttl-threshold command prevents any multicast packet whose TTL in the IP header is less than the TTL value specified for the ttl-valueargument from being encapsulated in SA messages sent to that peer.
SA Request Messages
You can configure a noncaching device to send SA request messages to one or more specified MSDP peers.
If an noncaching RP has an MSDP peer that is caching SAs, you can reduce the join latency for a noncaching peer by enabling
the noncaching peer to send SA request messages. When a host requests a join to a particular group, the noncaching RP sends
an SA request message to its caching peers. If a peer has cached source information for the group in question, it sends the
information to the requesting RP with an SA response message. The requesting RP uses the information in the SA response but
does not forward the message to any other peers. If a noncaching RP receives an SA request, it sends an error message back
to the requestor.
Note
In all current and supported software releases, caching of MSDP SA messages is mandatory and cannot be manually enabled or
disabled. By default, when an MSDP peer is configured, the configured commands are automatically added to the running configuration.
SA Request Filters
By default, a device honors all outgoing SA request messages from its MSDP peers; that is, it sends cached source information
to requesting MSDP peers in SA response messages. You can control the outgoing SA request messages that a device will honor
from specified peers by creating an SA request filter. An SA request filter controls the outgoing SA requests that the device
will honor from MSDP peers as follows:
You can filter all SA request messages from a specified peer by configuring the device to ignore all SA requests from the
specified MSDP peer.
You can filter a subset of SA request messages from a specified peer based on groups defined in a standard access list by
configuring the device to honor only SA request messages from the MSDP peer that match the groups defined in a standard access
list. SA request messages from the specified peer for other groups will be ignored.
How to Use MSDP to Interconnect Multiple PIM-SM Domains
The first task is required; all other tasks are optional.
Configuring an MSDP Peer
Note
By enabling an MSDP peer, you implicitly enable MSDP.
Before you begin
IP multicast routing must be enabled and PIM-SM must be configured.
With the exception of a single MSDP peer, default MSDP peer, and MSDP mesh group scenarios, all MSDP peers must be configured
to run BGP prior to being configured for MSDP.
If you specify the
connect-sourcekeyword, the primary address of the specified local interface
type and
number values are used as the source IP address for the TCP connection. The
connect-sourcekeyword is recommended, especially for MSDP peers on a border that peer with a device inside of a remote domain.
Step 4
ipmsdpdescription{peer-name|peer-address}text
Example:
Device(config)# ip msdp description 192.168.1.2 router at customer a
(Optional) Configures a description for a specified peer to make it easier to identify in a configuration or in
show command output.
Step 5
end
Example:
Device(config)# end
Exits global configuration mode and returns to privileged EXEC mode.
Shutting Down an MSDP
Peer
Perform this
optional task to shut down an MSDP peer.
If you are
configuring several MSDP peers and you do not want any of the peers to go
active until you have finished configuring all of them, you can shut down each
peer, configure each peer, and later bring each peer up. You might also want to
shut down an MSDP session without losing the configuration for that MSDP peer.
Note
When an MSDP peer
is shut down, the TCP connection is terminated and not restarted until the peer
is brought back up using the
no ip msdp
shutdown command (for the specified peer).
Before you begin
MSDP is running and
the MSDP peers must be configured.
SUMMARY STEPS
enable
configureterminal
ipmsdpshutdown {peer-name |
peer-address}
Repeat Step 3
to shut down additional MSDP peers.
end
DETAILED STEPS
Command or Action
Purpose
Step 1
enable
Example:
> enable
Enables
privileged EXEC mode.
Enter your
password if prompted.
Step 2
configureterminal
Example:
# configure terminal
Enters global
configuration mode.
Step 3
ipmsdpshutdown {peer-name |
peer-address}
Example:
(config)# ip msdp shutdown 192.168.1.3
Administratively shuts down the specified MSDP peer.
Step 4
Repeat Step 3
to shut down additional MSDP peers.
--
Step 5
end
Example:
(config)# end
Exits global
configuration mode and returns to privileged EXEC mode.
Configuring MSDP MD5 Password
Authentication Between MSDP Peers
Perform this
optional task to configure MSDP MD5 password authentication between MSDP peers.
Device(config)# ip msdp password peer 10.32.43.144 0 test
Enables MD5
password encryption for a TCP connection between two MSDP peers.
Note
MD5
authentication must be configured with the same password on both MSDP peers;
otherwise, the connection between them will not be made.
If you configure or change the password or key, which is used
for MD5 authentication between two MSDP peers, the local device does not
disconnect the existing session after you configure the password. You must
manually disconnect the session to activate the new or changed password.
Step 4
exit
Example:
Device(config)# exit
Exits global
configuration mode and returns to privileged EXEC mode.
Step 5
showipmsdppeer[peer-address | peer-name]
Example:
Device# show ip msdp peer
(Optional)
Displays detailed information about MSDP peers.
Note
Use this
command to verify whether MD5 password authentication is enabled on an MSDP
peer.
Troubleshooting Tips
If a device has a password configured for an MSDP peer but the MSDP peer does not, a message such as the following will appear
on the console while the devices attempt to establish an MSDP session between them:
%TCP-6-BADAUTH: No MD5 digest from [peer's IP address]:11003 to [local router's
IP address]:179
Similarly, if the two devices have different passwords configured, a message such as the following will appear on the console:
%TCP-6-BADAUTH: Invalid MD5 digest from [peer's IP address]:11004 to [local router's
IP address]:179
The
debugiptcptransactions command is used to display information on significant TCP transactions such as state changes, retransmissions, and duplicate
packets. In the context of monitoring or troubleshooting MSDP MD5 password authentication, use the
debugiptcptransactions command to verify that the MD5 password is enabled and that the keepalive message is received by the MSDP peer.
Preventing DoS Attacks by Limiting the Number of SA Messages Allowed in the SA Cache from Specified MSDP Peers
Perform this optional (but highly recommended) task to limit the overall number of SA messages that the device can accept
from specified MSDP peers. Performing this task protects an MSDP-enabled device from distributed denial-of-service (DoS) attacks.
Note
We recommend that you perform this task for all MSDP peerings on the device.
Limits the number of SA messages allowed in the SA cache from the specified MSDP.
Step 4
Repeat Step 3 to configure SA limits for additional MSDP peers.
--
Step 5
exit
Example:
Device(config)# exit
Exits global configuration mode and returns to privileged EXEC mode.
Step 6
showipmsdpcount [as-number]
Example:
Device# show ip msdp count
(Optional) Displays the number of sources and groups originated in MSDP SA messages and the number of SA messages from an
MSDP peer in the SA cache.
Step 7
showipmsdppeer [peer-address |
peer-name]
Example:
Device# show ip msdp peer
(Optional) Displays detailed information about MSDP peers.
Note
The output of this command displays the number of SA messages received from MSDP peers that are stored in the cache.
Step 8
showipmsdpsummary
Example:
Device# show ip msdp summary
(Optional) Displays MSDP peer status.
Note
The output of this command displays a per-peer “SA Count” field that displays the number of SAs stored in the cache.
Adjusting the MSDP Keepalive and Hold-Time Intervals
Perform this optional task to adjust the interval at which an MSDP peer will send keepalive messages and the interval at
which the MSDP peer will wait for keepalive messages from other peers before declaring them down. By default, it may take
as long as 75 seconds for an MSDP peer to detect that a peering session with another MSDP peer has gone down. In network environments
with redundant MSDP peers, decreasing the hold-time interval can expedite the reconvergence time of MSDP peers in the event
that an MSDP peer fails.
Note
We recommend that you do not change the command defaults for the
ipmsdpkeepalive command, because the command defaults are in accordance with RFC 3618,
Multicast Source Discovery Protocol. If your network environment requires that you modify the defaults, you must configure the same time values for the
keepalive-interval and
hold-time-interval arguments on both ends of the MSDP peering session.
Configures the interval at which an MSDP peer will send keepalive messages and the interval at which the MSDP peer will wait
for keepalive messages from other peers before declaring them down.
Step 4
Repeat Step 3 to adjust the keepalive message interval for additional MSDP peers.
--
Step 5
exit
Example:
Device(config)# exit
Exits global configuration mode and returns to privileged EXEC mode.
Adjusting the MSDP Connection-Retry Interval
Perform this optional task to adjust the interval at which MSDP peers will wait after peering sessions are reset before attempting
to reestablish the peering sessions. In network environments where fast recovery of SA messages is required, such as in trading
floor network environments, you may want to decrease the connection-retry interval to a time value less than the default value
of 30 seconds.
SUMMARY STEPS
enable
configureterminal
ipmsdptimerconnection-retry-interval
exit
DETAILED STEPS
Command or Action
Purpose
Step 1
enable
Example:
Device> enable
Enables privileged EXEC mode.
Enter your password if prompted.
Step 2
configureterminal
Example:
Device# configure terminal
Enters global configuration mode.
Step 3
ipmsdptimerconnection-retry-interval
Example:
Device# ip msdp timer 45
Configures the interval at which MSDP peers will wait after peering sessions are reset before attempting to reestablish the
peering sessions.
Step 4
exit
Example:
Device(config)# exit
Exits global configuration mode and returns to privileged EXEC mode.
Configuring a Default MSDP Peer
Perform this optional task to configure a default MSDP peer.
Before you begin
An MSDP default peer must be a previously configured MSDP peer. Before configuring a default MSDP peer, you must first configure
an MSDP peer.
Configures an
MSDP mesh group and indicates that an MSDP peer belongs to that mesh group.
Note
All MSDP
peers on a device that participate in a mesh group must be fully meshed with
all other MSDP peers in the group. Each MSDP peer on each device must be
configured as a peer using the
ipmsdppeer command and also as a member of the mesh
group using the
ipmsdpmesh-group command.
Step 4
Repeat Step 3
to add MSDP peers as members of the mesh group.
--
Step 5
exit
Example:
(config)# exit
Exits global
configuration mode and returns to privileged EXEC mode.
Controlling SA Messages Originated by an RP for Local Sources
Perform this task to control SA messages originated by an RP by enabling a filter to restrict which registered sources are
advertised in SA messages.
Device(config)# ip msdp redistribute route-map customer-sources
Enables a filter for MSDP SA messages originated by the local device.
Note
The
ipmsdpredistribute command can also be used to advertise sources that are known to the RP but not registered. However, it is strongly recommended
that you not originate advertisements for sources that have not registered with the RP.
Step 4
exit
Example:
Device(config)# exit
Exits global configuration mode and returns to privileged EXEC mode.
Controlling the Forwarding of SA Messages to MSDP Peers Using Outgoing Filter Lists
Perform this optional task to control the forwarding of SA messages to MSDP peers by configuring outgoing filter lists.
Device(config)# ip msdp ttl-threshold 192.168.1.5 8
Sets a TTL value for MSDP messages originated by the local device.
By default, multicast data packets in SA messages are sent to an MSDP peer, provided the TTL value of the packet is greater
than 0, which is standard TTL behavior.
Step 4
exit
Example:
Device(config)# exit
Exits global configuration mode and returns to privileged EXEC mode.
Requesting Source Information from MSDP Peers
Perform this optional task to enable a device to request source information from MSDP peers.
Note
Because SA caching is enabled by default and cannot be explicitly enabled or disabled in earlier Cisco software releases,
performing this task is seldom needed.
SUMMARY STEPS
enable
configureterminal
ipmsdpsa-request {peer-address |
peer-name}
Repeat Step 3 to specify that the device send SA request messages to additional MSDP caching peers.
exit
DETAILED STEPS
Command or Action
Purpose
Step 1
enable
Example:
Device> enable
Enables privileged EXEC mode.
Enter your password if prompted.
Step 2
configureterminal
Example:
Device# configure terminal
Enters global configuration mode.
Step 3
ipmsdpsa-request {peer-address |
peer-name}
Example:
Device(config)# ip msdp sa-request 192.168.10.1
Specifies that the device send SA request messages to the specified MSDP peer.
Step 4
Repeat Step 3 to specify that the device send SA request messages to additional MSDP caching peers.
--
Step 5
exit
Example:
Device(config)# exit
Exits global configuration mode and returns to privileged EXEC mode.
Controlling the Response to Outgoing SA Request Messages from MSDP Peers Using SA Request Filters
Perform this optional task to control the outgoing SA request messages that the device will honor from MSDP peers.
Device(config)# ip msdp filter sa-request 172.31.2.2 list 1
Enables a filter for outgoing SA request messages.
Note
Only one SA request filter can be configured per MSDP peer.
Step 4
Repeat Step 3 to configure SA request filters for additional MSDP peers.
--
Step 5
exit
Example:
Device(config)# exit
Exits global configuration mode and returns to privileged EXEC mode.
Including a Bordering PIM Dense Mode Region in MSDP
Perform this optional task to configure a border device to send SA messages for sources active in a PIM dense mode (PIM-DM)
region.
You can have a device that borders a PIM-SM region and a PIM-DM region. By default, sources in the PIM-DM domain are not
included in MSDP. You can configure this border device to send SA messages for sources active in the PIM-DM domain. If you
do so, it is very important to also configure the
ipmsdpredistribute command to control what local sources from the PIM-DM domain are advertised. Not configuring this command can result in the
(S, G) state remaining long after a source in the PIM-DM domain has stopped sending. For configuration information, see the
Controlling SA Messages Originated by an RP for Local Sources section.
SUMMARY STEPS
enable
configureterminal
ipmsdpbordersa-addresstypenumber
exit
DETAILED STEPS
Command or Action
Purpose
Step 1
enable
Example:
Device> enable
Enables privileged EXEC mode.
Enter your password if prompted.
Step 2
configureterminal
Example:
Device# configure terminal
Enters global configuration mode.
Step 3
ipmsdpbordersa-addresstypenumber
Example:
Device(config)# ip msdp border sa-address gigabitethernet0/0/0
Configures the device on the border between a PIM-SM and PIM-DM domain to originate SA messages for active sources in the
PIM-DM domain.
The IP address of the interface is used as the originator ID, which is the RP field in the SA message.
Step 4
exit
Example:
Device(config)# exit
Exits global configuration mode and returns to privileged EXEC mode.
Configuring an Originating Address Other Than the RP Address
Perform this optional task to allow an MSDP speaker that originates an SA message to use the IP address of its interface
as the RP address in the SA message.
You can also change the originator ID for any one of the following reasons:
If you configure multiple devices in an MSDP mesh group for Anycast RP.
If you have a device that borders a PIM-SM domain and a PIM-DM domain. If a device borders a PIM-SM domain and a PIM-DM domain
and you want to advertise active sources within the PIM-DM domain, configure the RP address in SA messages to be the address
of the originating device’s interface.
Before you begin
MSDP is enabled and the MSDP peers are configured. For more information about configuring MSDP peers, see the
Configuring an MSDP Peer section.
SUMMARY STEPS
enable
configureterminal
ipmsdporiginator-idtypenumber
exit
DETAILED STEPS
Command or Action
Purpose
Step 1
enable
Example:
Device> enable
Enables privileged EXEC mode.
Enter your password if prompted.
Step 2
configureterminal
Example:
Device# configure terminal
Enters global configuration mode.
Step 3
ipmsdporiginator-idtypenumber
Example:
Device(config)# ip msdp originator-id ethernet 1
Configures the RP address in SA messages to be the address of the originating device’s interface.
Step 4
exit
Example:
Device(config)# exit
Exits global configuration mode and returns to privileged EXEC mode.
Monitoring MSDP
Perform this optional task to monitor MSDP SA messages, peers, state, and peer status.
Use the optional
peer-address or
peer-name argument to specify for which peer debug events are logged.
The following is sample output from the
debugipmsdp command:
Example:
Device# debug ip msdp
MSDP debugging is on
Device#
MSDP: 224.150.44.254: Received 1388-byte message from peer
MSDP: 224.150.44.254: SA TLV, len: 1388, ec: 115, RP: 172.31.3.92
MSDP: 224.150.44.254: Peer RPF check passed for 172.31.3.92, used EMBGP peer
MSDP: 224.150.44.250: Forward 1388-byte SA to peer
MSDP: 224.150.44.254: Received 1028-byte message from peer
MSDP: 224.150.44.254: SA TLV, len: 1028, ec: 85, RP: 172.31.3.92
MSDP: 224.150.44.254: Peer RPF check passed for 172.31.3.92, used EMBGP peer
MSDP: 224.150.44.250: Forward 1028-byte SA to peer
MSDP: 224.150.44.254: Received 1388-byte message from peer
MSDP: 224.150.44.254: SA TLV, len: 1388, ec: 115, RP: 172.31.3.111
MSDP: 224.150.44.254: Peer RPF check passed for 172.31.3.111, used EMBGP peer
MSDP: 224.150.44.250: Forward 1388-byte SA to peer
MSDP: 224.150.44.250: Received 56-byte message from peer
MSDP: 224.150.44.250: SA TLV, len: 56, ec: 4, RP: 192.168.76.241
MSDP: 224.150.44.250: Peer RPF check passed for 192.168.76.241, used EMBGP peer
MSDP: 224.150.44.254: Forward 56-byte SA to peer
MSDP: 224.150.44.254: Received 116-byte message from peer
MSDP: 224.150.44.254: SA TLV, len: 116, ec: 9, RP: 172.31.3.111
MSDP: 224.150.44.254: Peer RPF check passed for 172.31.3.111, used EMBGP peer
MSDP: 224.150.44.250: Forward 116-byte SA to peer
MSDP: 224.150.44.254: Received 32-byte message from peer
MSDP: 224.150.44.254: SA TLV, len: 32, ec: 2, RP: 172.31.3.78
MSDP: 224.150.44.254: Peer RPF check passed for 172.31.3.78, used EMBGP peer
MSDP: 224.150.44.250: Forward 32-byte SA to peer
Step 3
debugipmsdpresets
Use this command to debug MSDP peer reset reasons.
Example:
Device# debug ip msdp resets
Step 4
showipmsdpcount [as-number]
Use this command to display the number of sources and groups originated in MSDP SA messages and the number of SA messages
from an MSDP peer in the SA cache. The
ipmsdpcache-sa-state command must be configured for this command to produce any output.
The following is sample output from the
showipmsdpcountcommand:
Example:
Device# show ip msdp count
SA State per Peer Counters, <Peer>: <# SA learned>
192.168.4.4: 8
SA State per ASN Counters, <asn>: <# sources>/<# groups>
Total entries: 8
?: 8/8
Step 5
showipmsdppeer [peer-address |
peer-name]
Use this command to display detailed information about MSDP peers.
Use the optional
peer-address or
peer-name argument to display information about a particular peer.
The following is sample output from the
showipmsdppeercommand:
Example:
Device# show ip msdp peer 192.168.4.4
MSDP Peer 192.168.4.4 (?), AS 64512 (configured AS)
Connection status:
State: Up, Resets: 0, Connection source: Loopback0 (2.2.2.2)
Uptime(Downtime): 00:07:55, Messages sent/received: 8/18
Output messages discarded: 0
Connection and counters cleared 00:08:55 ago
SA Filtering:
Input (S,G) filter: none, route-map: none
Input RP filter: none, route-map: none
Output (S,G) filter: none, route-map: none
Output RP filter: none, route-map: none
SA-Requests:
Input filter: none
Peer ttl threshold: 0
SAs learned from this peer: 8
Input queue size: 0, Output queue size: 0
MD5 signature protection on MSDP TCP connection: not enabled
Use this command to display the (S, G) state learned from MSDP peers.
The following is sample output from the
showipmsdpsa-cachecommand:
Example:
Device# show ip msdp sa-cache
MSDP Source-Active Cache - 8 entries
(10.44.44.5, 239.232.1.0), RP 192.168.4.4, BGP/AS 64512, 00:01:20/00:05:32, Peer 192.168.4.4
(10.44.44.5, 239.232.1.1), RP 192.168.4.4, BGP/AS 64512, 00:01:20/00:05:32, Peer 192.168.4.4
(10.44.44.5, 239.232.1.2), RP 192.168.4.4, BGP/AS 64512, 00:01:19/00:05:32, Peer 192.168.4.4
(10.44.44.5, 239.232.1.3), RP 192.168.4.4, BGP/AS 64512, 00:01:19/00:05:32, Peer 192.168.4.4
(10.44.44.5, 239.232.1.4), RP 192.168.4.4, BGP/AS 64512, 00:01:19/00:05:32, Peer 192.168.4.4
(10.44.44.5, 239.232.1.5), RP 192.168.4.4, BGP/AS 64512, 00:01:19/00:05:32, Peer 192.168.4.4
(10.44.44.5, 239.232.1.6), RP 192.168.4.4, BGP/AS 64512, 00:01:19/00:05:32, Peer 192.168.4.4
(10.44.44.5, 239.232.1.7), RP 192.168.4.4, BGP/AS 64512, 00:01:19/00:05:32, Peer 192.168.4.4
Step 7
showipmsdpsummary
Use this command to display MSDP peer status.
The following is sample output from the
showipmsdpsummary command:
Example:
Device# show ip msdp summary
MSDP Peer Status Summary
Peer Address AS State Uptime/ Reset SA Peer Name
Downtime Count Count
192.168.4.4 4 Up 00:08:05 0 8 ?
Clearing MSDP Connections Statistics and SA Cache Entries
Perform this optional task to clear MSDP connections, statistics, and SA cache entries.
SUMMARY STEPS
enable
clearipmsdppeer [peer-address |
peer-name]
clearipmsdpstatistics [peer-address | peer-name]
clearipmsdpsa-cache [group-address]
DETAILED STEPS
Command or Action
Purpose
Step 1
enable
Example:
Device> enable
Enables privileged EXEC mode.
Enter your password if prompted.
Step 2
clearipmsdppeer [peer-address |
peer-name]
Example:
Device# clearipmsdppeer
Clears the TCP connection to the specified MSDP peer and resets all MSDP message counters.
Step 3
clearipmsdpstatistics [peer-address | peer-name]
Example:
Device# clear ip msdp statistics
Clears the statistics counters for the specified MSDP peer and resets all MSDP message counters.
Step 4
clearipmsdpsa-cache [group-address]
Example:
Device# clear ip msdp sa-cache
Clears SA cache entries.
If the
clearipmsdpsa-cache is specified with the optional
group-address argument orsource-addressargument, all SA cache entries are cleared.
Use the optional
group-address argument to clear all SA cache entries associated with a specific group.
Enabling SNMP Monitoring of MSDP
Perform this optional task to enable Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) monitoring of MSDP.
Before you begin
SNMP and MSDP is configured on your devices.
In each PIM-SM domain there should be a device that is configured as the MSDP speaker. This device must have SNMP and the
MSDP MIB enabled.
Note
All MSDP-MIB objects are implemented as read-only.
The Requests table is not supported in Cisco’s implementation of the MSDP MIB.
The msdpEstablished notification is not supported in Cisco’s implementation of the MSDP MIB.
Specifies the recipient (host) for MSDP traps or informs.
Step 4
exit
Example:
Device(config)# exit
Exits global configuration mode and returns to privileged EXEC mode.
Troubleshooting Tips
You can compare the results of MSDP MIB notifications to the output from the software by using the
showipmsdpsummary and
showipmsdppeer commands on the appropriate device. You can also compare the results of these commands to the results from SNMP Get operations.
You can verify SA cache table entries using the
showipmsdpsa-cache command. Additional troubleshooting information, such as the local address of the connection, the local port, and the remote
port, can be obtained using the output from the
debugipmsdp command.
Configuration Examples for Using MSDP to Interconnect Multiple PIM-SM Domains
Example: Configuring an MSDP Peer
The following example shows how to establish MSDP peering connections between three MSDP peers:
Device A
!
interface Loopback 0
ip address 10.220.8.1 255.255.255.255
!
ip msdp peer 10.220.16.1 connect-source Loopback0
ip msdp peer 10.220.32.1 connect-source Loopback0
!
Device B
!
interface Loopback 0
ip address 10.220.16.1 255.255.255.255
!
ip msdp peer 10.220.8.1 connect connect-source Loopback0
ip msdp peer 10.220.32.1 connect connect-source Loopback0
!
Device C
!
interface Loopback 0
ip address 10.220.32.1 255.255.255.255
!
ip msdp peer 10.220.8.1 connect 10.220.8.1 connect-source Loopback0
ip msdp peer 10.220.16.1 connect 10.220.16.1 connect-source Loopback0
!
The following example shows how to enable MD5 password authentication for TCP connections between two MSDP peers:
Device A
!
ip msdp peer 10.3.32.154
ip msdp password peer 10.3.32.154 0 test
!
Device B
!
ip msdp peer 10.3.32.153
ip msdp password peer 10.3.32.153 0 test
!
Example: Configuring a
Default MSDP Peer
The figure
illustrates a scenario where default MSDP peers might be used. In the figure, a
customer that owns Device B is connected to the internet through two ISPs, one
that owns Device A and the other that owns Device C. They are not running
(M)BGP between them. In order for the customer to learn about sources in the
ISP domain or in other domains, Device B identifies Device A as its default
MSDP peer. Device B advertises SA messages to both Device A and Device C, but
accepts SA messages either from Device A only or Device C only. If Device A is
the first default peer in the configuration, it will be used if it is up and
running. Only if Device A is not running will Device B accept SA messages from
Device C.
The ISP will also
likely use a prefix list to define which prefixes it will accept from the
customer device. The customer will define multiple default peers, each having
one or more prefixes associated with it.
The customer has
two ISPs to use. The customer defines both ISPs as default peers. As long as
the first default peer identified in the configuration is up and running, it
will be the default peer and the customer will accept all SA messages it
receives from that peer.
Device B advertises
SAs to Device A and Device C, but uses only Device A or Device C to accept SA
messages. If Device A is first in the configuration file, it will be used if it
is up and running. Only when Device A is not running will Device B accept SAs
from Device C. This is the behavior without a prefix list.
If you specify a
prefix list, the peer will be a default peer only for the prefixes in the list.
You can have multiple active default peers when you have a prefix list
associated with each. When you do not have any prefix lists, you can configure
multiple default peers, but only the first one is the active default peer as
long as the device has connectivity to this peer and the peer is alive. If the
first configured peer goes down or the connectivity to this peer goes down, the
second configured peer becomes the active default, and so on.
The following
example shows a partial configuration of Device A and Device C in the figure.
Each of these ISPs may have more than one customer using default peering, like
the customer in the figure. In that case, they may have similar configurations.
That is, they will only accept SAs from a default peer if the SA is permitted
by the corresponding prefix list.
Device A
Configuration
ip msdp default-peer 10.1.1.1
ip msdp default-peer 10.1.1.1 prefix-list site-b ge 32
ip prefix-list site-b permit 10.0.0.0/8
Device C
Configuration
ip msdp default-peer 10.1.1.1 prefix-list site-b ge 32
ip prefix-list site-b permit 10.0.0.0/8
Example: Configuring MSDP Mesh Groups
The following example shows how to configure three devices to be fully meshed members of an MSDP mesh group:
Device A Configuration
ip msdp peer 10.2.2.2
ip msdp peer 10.3.3.3
ip msdp mesh-group test-mesh-group 10.2.2.2
ip msdp mesh-group test-mesh-group 10.3.3.3
Device B Configuration
ip msdp peer 10.1.1.1
ip msdp peer 10.3.3.3
ip msdp mesh-group test-mesh-group 10.1.1.1
ip msdp mesh-group test-mesh-group 10.3.3.3
Device C Configuration
ip msdp peer 10.1.1.1
ip msdp peer 10.2.2.2
ip msdp mesh-group test-mesh-group 10.1.1.1
ip msdp mesh-group test-mesh-group 10.2.2.2
The Cisco
Support and Documentation website provides online resources to download
documentation, software, and tools. Use these resources to install and
configure the software and to troubleshoot and resolve technical issues with
Cisco products and technologies. Access to most tools on the Cisco Support and
Documentation website requires a Cisco.com user ID and password.
Feature Information for Mullticast Source Discovery Protocol
The following table provides release information about the feature or features described in this module. This table lists
only the software release that introduced support for a given feature in a given software release train. Unless noted otherwise,
subsequent releases of that software release train also support that feature.
Use Cisco Feature Navigator to find information about platform support and Cisco software image support. To access Cisco
Feature Navigator, go to www.cisco.com/go/cfn. An account on Cisco.com is not required.
Table 1. Feature Information for Multicast Source Discovery Process
Feature Name
Releases
Feature Information
MSDP MD5 Password Authentication
12.4(2)T
12.2(33)SXH
12.2(33)SRE
15.0(1)S
15.1(1)SG
Cisco IOS XE Release 3.3SG
The MSDP MD5 password authentication feature is an enhancement to support MD5 signature protection on a TCP connection between
two MSDP peers. This feature provides added security by protecting MSDP against the threat of spoofed TCP segments being introduced
into the TCP connection stream.
The following commands were introduced or modified:
ip msdp password peer,
show ip msdp peer.