Contents

Introduction

Prerequisites

Requirements

Components Used

Secure Endpoint Forensic Snapshot Information

Introduction

This document describes the privileged information that a Forensic Snapshot can gather from endpoints.

Contributed by Pedro Medina, Cisco Software Engineer.

Prerequisites

Requirements

Cisco recommends that you have knowledge of these topics:

- Access to Secure Endpoint with either Admin or Non-Admin user

- Access to Cisco Orbital

Note: If your user is a Non-Admin, you must request to enable the feature Forensic Snapshots for Non-Admins via the TAC support team.

Components Used

This document is not restricted to specific software and hardware versions.

The information in this document was created from the devices in a specific lab environment. All of the devices used in this document started with a cleared (default) configuration. If your network is live, ensure that you understand the potential impact of any command.

Secure Endpoint Forensic Snapshot Information

Once a Forensic Snapshot has been requested, the information is shown in a table format, based on the required information the user can find any required information based on this description table:

Name

What it means

Privacy concerns

Autoexec items

Items which run at machine startup

None

Bitlocker Encryption Monitoring

Encryption status of every mounted drive

Some visibility into unencrypted versions of files

DNS Cache Table Monitoring

Recently searched domains

Recent browser history.

Hosts File Data

Items in the hosts file

None

Installed Programs on the Host

Installed applications

None

Listen Ports

Lists programs that open up network listeners

None

Loaded Modules Hashes

Hash values of running Dynamic Link Library (DLL) files

None

Loaded Modules Processes

Name, path, and PID of running processes

None

Loaded Modules vs. Processes

Mapping of Module ID from Loaded Modules to PID from Processes table

None

Logon Sessions

Logged-in users, system users are included

None

Mapped Drives

Local and remote mount points, file system type, boot partition information, and encryption information.

None

Network Connections - Processes

Maps in- and outbound network connections to specific Process IDs (PIDs), and displays the startup command line which initiated the process.

Possible exposure of network connections of certain applications, which can be private.

Network Interfaces

List of all physical and virtual network interfaces on the device

None

Network Profiles Registry

List of networks to which the machine has connected.

Possible exposure of WIFI Service Set Identifier (SSIDs).

OS Version

The version of the operating system

None

Powershell History

List of all Powershell commands run on the device and stored on the system.

Potential to expose passwords, secret API keys, and other sensitive data coded into scripts.

Prefetch Directory

Memory management feature - the OS attempts to preload frequently loaded executables to save startup time.

Exposure of user habits.

Recent files data

Most recently used/accessed files

Exposure of user habits and private filenames.

Running file hashes

Name, path, command line, PID, owner of all running executables.

None

Running services monitoring

Name, service type, PID, and startup type of all running services

None

Scheduled Tasks

List of all automated tasks set to run periodically on the system

None

Shared Resources

Open shares on the system

None

Startup Items

Items which run at machine startup - different from autoexec in that these are stored in registry keys

None

System Network State Monitoring

Network statistics

None

Temp Directory File Data

Temporary files created by processes

Possible exposure of user browse history.

Trusted Root Certificates

Trusted Root Certificate Store data dump

None

UBSTOR Registry Key

History of plugged-in USB devices

Exposure of device serial numbers.

User Groups

Local groups on the machine

None

UserAsssist Monitoring

Shows recently executed files

Possible exposure of hidden behavior, such as running encryption or wiping tools.

Users

Local users on the device

None

Users - Logged-in

Local users who are currently logged into the device

None

WMI Event Filters Monitoring

Watches event log for specific items

None

Windows AV Products Monitoring

Which installed antivirus is on the system, if any

None

Windows BAM Entries Monitoring

Provides evidence of the execution of files

Could expose behaviors

Windows Environment Variables

Shows path info, system variables, and so on.

None

Windows Hotfixes

List of all installed patches

None

Windows NT Domains Search

List of domains to which the machine can  authenticate

None

Windows ShellBags Monitoring

Provides information about user access to folders, preferences for that folder, and so on.

Exposure of user habits.

Windows ShimCache Monitoring

Tracks compatibility with executables

Exposure of user behaviors.

Chrome Extensions Monitoring

Lists Chrome extensions

Exposure of user behaviors.

Windows Office MRU

Lists the most recently used files for each Office application

Exposure of sensitive filenames, user behavior