Contents

Introduction

Prerequisites

Requirements

Components Used

Conventions

Identify the Reason for the Reload

Causes

Troubleshoot

Related Information

Introduction

This document explains why the system messages "System returned to ROM by abort" or "System returned to ROM by trace trap" might appear in the output of the show version command. This document also explains why a router that is up and running might return to the ROMmon mode.

Prerequisites

Requirements

There are no specific requirements for this document.

Components Used

This document is not restricted to specific software and hardware versions.

The information in this document was created from the devices in a specific lab environment. All of the devices used in this document started with a cleared (default) configuration. If your network is live, make sure that you understand the potential impact of any command.

Conventions

Refer to Cisco Technical Tips Conventions for more information on document conventions.

Identify the Reason for the Reload

Along with information such as hardware and software versions, the output of the show version command also shows information on how the system was restarted. For example, a router that was restarted through the reload command displays the message, "System returned to ROM by reload", whereas a router that was power-cycled to be restarted results in the message, "System returned to ROM by power-on". Occasionally, these messages might be seen:

Router uptime is 1 minute

System returned to ROM by abort at PC 0x8032A6EC

System image file is "flash:C2600-i-mz.122-10b.bin"

or

Router uptime is 2 minutes

System returned to ROM by trace trap at PC 0x32C2064

System image file is "flash:/c2500-js-l.122-10b"

Causes

The appearance of the "abort" or "trace trap" messages indicate that the configuration register is probably set to a value that enables the break key in normal operation. The bit number 08 (in hexadecimal: 0x0100), if set, disables the break key (that is, the factory default value). If it is reset to 0 (either explicitly as in 0x2002, or implicitly, as in 0x2, which is equivalent to 0x0002), the break key is enabled. When the break key is enabled, a break sequence causes the router to go into ROMmon mode, even after it has booted up and is in normal operation. Even if no break signal was intentionally sent through the console, some terminals that misbehave or reload may accidentally send the router a signal similar to the break sequence.

Refer to Configuration Register Bit Meanings for more information about the different configuration register values.

You can check the value of the configuration register at the end of a show version command:

Router#show version

Cisco Internetwork Operating System Software

IOS (tm) 2500 Software (C2500-JS-L), Version 12.2(10b), RELEASE SOFTWARE (fc1)

Copyright (c) 1986-2002 by cisco Systems, Inc.

Compiled Fri 12-Jul-02 02:13 by pwade

Image text-base: 0x0307AA24, data-base: 0x00001000

ROM: System Bootstrap, Version 11.0(10c), SOFTWARE

BOOTLDR: 3000 Bootstrap Software (IGS-BOOT-R), Version 11.0(10c), RELEASE SOFTWARE (fc1)

R1 uptime is 9 minutes

System returned to ROM by trace trap at PC 0x32C2064

System image file is "flash:/c2500-js-l.122-10b"

cisco 2500 (68030) processor (revision F) with 16384K/2048K bytes of memory.

Processor board ID 04796554, with hardware revision 00000000

Bridging software.

X.25 software, Version 3.0.0.

SuperLAT software (copyright 1990 by Meridian Technology Corp).

TN3270 Emulation software.

Basic Rate ISDN software, Version 1.1.

1 Ethernet/IEEE 802.3 interface(s)

2 Serial network interface(s)

1 ISDN Basic Rate interface(s)

32K bytes of non-volatile configuration memory.

16384K bytes of processor board System flash (Read ONLY)

Configuration register is 0x2002

Troubleshoot

To prevent the router from returning to the ROMmon mode unintentionally, change the configuration register to a value that disables the break key. To do so, change the eighth bit of the configuration register to 1 (the most common value being 0x2102).

Router>enable

Router#configure terminal

Enter configuration commands, one per line.  End with CNTL/Z.

Router(config)#config-register 0x2102

Router(config)#^Z

00:20:13: %SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by console

Router#show version

Cisco Internetwork Operating System Software

IOS (tm) 2500 Software (C2500-JS-L), Version 12.2(10b), RELEASE SOFTWARE (fc1)

Copyright (c) 1986-2002 by cisco Systems, Inc.

Compiled Fri 12-Jul-02 02:13 by pwade

Image text-base: 0x0307AA24, data-base: 0x00001000

ROM: System Bootstrap, Version 11.0(10c), SOFTWARE

BOOTLDR: 3000 Bootstrap Software (IGS-BOOT-R), Version 11.0(10c), RELEASE SOFTWARE (fc1)

Router uptime is 20 minutes

System returned to ROM by trace trap at PC 0x32C2064

System image file is "flash:/c2500-js-l.122-10b"

cisco 2500 (68030) processor (revision F) with 16384K/2048K bytes of memory.

Processor board ID 04796554, with hardware revision 00000000

Bridging software.

X.25 software, Version 3.0.0.

SuperLAT software (copyright 1990 by Meridian Technology Corp).

TN3270 Emulation software.

Basic Rate ISDN software, Version 1.1.

1 Ethernet/IEEE 802.3 interface(s)

2 Serial network interface(s)

1 ISDN Basic Rate interface(s)

32K bytes of non-volatile configuration memory.

16384K bytes of processor board System flash (Read ONLY)

Configuration register is 0x2002 (will be 0x2102 at next reload)

With the eighth bit of the configuration register set, the system is protected against break signals that might otherwise cause the router to go into ROMmon mode. The new configuration register setting only takes effect at the next reload. Ensure that you schedule a downtime for this router before the break key is disabled.

Note: The break key is always enabled for the first 60 seconds after the router is reloaded or powered on (during the boot sequence), irrespective of the state of the eighth bit in the configuration register. If you disable or enable the break key through the configuration register, the router is affected only during normal operation, and not during the boot sequence.

Related Information

- Troubleshooting Router Crashes

- Cisco IOS Software Support Pages

- Technical Support & Documentation - Cisco Systems