Implementieren eines IKEv2-Routing-basierten Site-to-Site-VPN auf Cisco Routern mit IPv6

Einleitung

In diesem Dokument wird eine Konfiguration zum Einrichten eines routenbasierten IPv6-Site-to-Site-Tunnels zwischen zwei Cisco Routern unter Verwendung des IKEv2-Protokolls (Internet Key Exchange Version 2) beschrieben.

Voraussetzungen

Anforderungen

Cisco empfiehlt, dass Sie über Kenntnisse in folgenden Bereichen verfügen:

• Grundkenntnisse der CLI-Konfiguration von Cisco IOS®/Cisco IOS® XE
• Grundlegendes Wissen über ISAKMP- (Internet Security Association and Key Management Protocol) und IPsec-Protokolle
• IPv6-Adressierung und -Routing

Verwendete Komponenten

Die Informationen in diesem Dokument basieren auf folgenden Software-Versionen:

• Cisco IOS XE mit 17.03.04a als lokalem Router
• Cisco IOS mit 17.03.04a als Remote-Router

Die Informationen in diesem Dokument beziehen sich auf Geräte in einer speziell eingerichteten Testumgebung. Alle Geräte, die in diesem Dokument benutzt wurden, begannen mit einer gelöschten (Nichterfüllungs) Konfiguration. Wenn Ihr Netzwerk in Betrieb ist, stellen Sie sicher, dass Sie die möglichen Auswirkungen aller Befehle kennen.

Konfigurieren

Netzwerkdiagramm

Lokale Router-Konfigurationen

Schritt 1: Aktivieren Sie IPv6-Unicast-Routing.

ipv6 unicast-routing

Schritt 2: Konfigurieren der Router-Schnittstellen

interface GigabitEthernet1
ipv6 address 2001:DB8:1::1/64
no shutdown

interface GigabitEthernet2
ipv6 address FC00::1/64
no shutdown

Schritt 3: Festlegen der IPv6-Standardroute

ipv6 route ::/0 GigabitEthernet1

Schritt 4: Konfigurieren des Ikev2-Angebots

crypto ikev2 proposal IKEv2-PROP
encryption aes-cbc-128
integrity sha1
group 14

Schritt 5: Konfigurieren der IKEv2-Richtlinie

crypto ikev2 policy IKEv2-POLI
proposal IKEv2-PROP

Schritt 6: Konfigurieren Sie den Keyring mit einem Pre-Shared Key.

crypto ikev2 keyring IPV6_KEY 
peer Remote_IPV6
 address 2001:DB8:2::2/64
 pre-shared-key cisco123
 

Schritt 7: Konfigurieren Sie das Ikev2-Profil.

crypto ikev2 profile IKEV2-PROF
 match identity remote address 2001:DB8:2::2/64
 authentication remote pre-share
 authentication local pre-share
 keyring local IPV6_KEY

Schritt 8: Konfigurieren der Richtlinie für Phase 2

crypto ipsec transform-set ESP-AES-SHA esp-aes esp-sha-hmac 
mode tunnel

Schritt 9: Konfigurieren des IPsec-Profils

crypto ipsec profile IPSEC-PROF
 set transform-set ESP-AES-SHA
 set ikev2-profile IKEV2-PROF

Schritt 10: Konfigurieren Sie die Tunnelschnittstelle.

interface Tunnel1
 ipv6 address 2001:DB8:3::1/64
 tunnel source GigabitEthernet1
 tunnel mode ipsec ipv6
 tunnel destination 2001:DB8:2::2
 tunnel protection ipsec profile IPSEC-PROF
end

Schritt 11: Konfigurieren Sie die Routen für den interessanten Datenverkehr.

ipv6 route FC00::/64 2012::1

Endkonfiguration des lokalen Routers

ipv6 unicast-routing
!
interface GigabitEthernet1
ipv6 address 2001:DB8:1::1/64
no shutdown

!

interface GigabitEthernet2
ipv6 address FC00::1/64
no shutdown

!

ipv6 route ::/0 GigabitEthernet1

!

crypto ikev2 proposal IKEv2-PROP
encryption aes-cbc-128
integrity sha1
group 14

!

crypto ikev2 policy IKEv2-POLI
proposal IKEv2-PROP

!

crypto ikev2 keyring IPV6_KEY 
peer Remote_IPV6
 address 2001:DB8:2::2/64
 pre-shared-key cisco123

!

crypto ikev2 profile IKEV2-PROF
 match identity remote address 2001:DB8:2::2/64
 authentication remote pre-share
 authentication local pre-share
 keyring local IPV6_KEY

!

crypto ipsec transform-set ESP-AES-SHA esp-aes esp-sha-hmac 
mode tunnel

!

crypto ipsec profile Prof1
 set transform-set ESP-AES-SHA
 
 !
 
 crypto ipsec profile IPSEC-PROF
 set transform-set ESP-AES-SHA
 set ikev2-profile IKEV2-PROF

!

interface Tunnel1
 ipv6 address 2001:DB8:3::1/64
 tunnel source GigabitEthernet1
 tunnel mode ipsec ipv6
 tunnel destination 2001:DB8:2::2
 tunnel protection ipsec profile IPSEC-PROF
end

!

ipv6 route FC00::/64 2012::1

ISP-Konfiguration

ipv6 unicast-routing
!
!
interface GigabitEthernet1
 description Link to R1
 ipv6 address 2001:DB8:1::2/64
!
interface GigabitEthernet2
 description Link to R3
 ipv6 address 2001:DB8:2::1/64
!
!
!
ipv6 route 2001:DB8:1::/64 GigabitEthernet1
ipv6 route 2001:DB8:2::/64 GigabitEthernet2
!         

Endkonfiguration des Remote-Routers

ipv6 unicast-routing
!
interface GigabitEthernet1
ipv6 address 2001:DB8:2::2/64
no shutdown

!

interface GigabitEthernet2
ipv6 address FC00::2/64
no shutdown

!

ipv6 route ::/0 GigabitEthernet1

!

crypto ikev2 proposal IKEv2-PROP
encryption aes-cbc-128
integrity sha1
group 14

!

crypto ikev2 policy IKEv2-POLI
proposal IKEv2-PROP

!

crypto ikev2 keyring IPV6_KEY 
peer Remote_IPV6
 address 2001:DB8:1::1/64
 pre-shared-key cisco123

!

crypto ikev2 profile IKEV2-PROF
 match identity remote address 2001:DB8:1::1/64
 authentication remote pre-share
 authentication local pre-share
 keyring local IPV6_KEY

!

crypto ipsec transform-set ESP-AES-SHA esp-aes esp-sha-hmac 
mode tunnel

!

crypto ipsec profile Prof1
 set transform-set ESP-AES-SHA
 
 !
 
 crypto ipsec profile IPSEC-PROF
 set transform-set ESP-AES-SHA
 set ikev2-profile IKEV2-PROF

!

interface Tunnel1
 ipv6 address 2001:DB8:3::2/64
 tunnel source GigabitEthernet1
 tunnel mode ipsec ipv6
 tunnel destination 2001:DB8:1::1
 tunnel protection ipsec profile IPSEC-PROF
end

!

ipv6 route FC00::/64 2012::1

Verifizierung

On Router 1

R1#show crypto ikev2 sa
 IPv4 Crypto IKEv2  SA 

 IPv6 Crypto IKEv2  SA 

Tunnel-id    fvrf/ivrf              Status 
2          none/none             READY  
Local  2001:DB8:1::1/500                                 
Remote  2001:DB8:2::2/500                                 
      Encr: AES-CBC, keysize: 256, PRF: SHA256, Hash: SHA256, DH Grp:14, Auth sign: PSK, Auth verify: PSK
      Life/Active Time: 86400/75989 sec

R1#show crypto ipsec sa

interface: Tunnel1
    Crypto map tag: Tunnel1-head-0, local addr 2001:DB8:1::1

   protected vrf: (none)
   local  ident (addr/mask/prot/port): (::/0/0/0)
   remote ident (addr/mask/prot/port): (::/0/0/0)
   current_peer 2001:DB8:2::2 port 500
     PERMIT, flags={origin_is_acl,}
    #pkts encaps: 14, #pkts encrypt: 14, #pkts digest: 14
    #pkts decaps: 14, #pkts decrypt: 14, #pkts verify: 14
    #pkts compressed: 0, #pkts decompressed: 0
    #pkts not compressed: 0, #pkts compr. failed: 0
    #pkts not decompressed: 0, #pkts decompress failed: 0
    #send errors 0, #recv errors 0

     local crypto endpt.: 2001:DB8:1::1,
     remote crypto endpt.: 2001:DB8:2::2
     plaintext mtu 1422, path mtu 1500, ipv6 mtu 1500, ipv6 mtu idb GigabitEthernet1
     current outbound spi: 0x9DC2A6F6(2646779638)
     PFS (Y/N): N, DH group: none

     inbound esp sas:
      spi: 0x18569EF7(408329975)
        transform: esp-aes esp-sha-hmac ,
        in use settings ={Tunnel, }
        conn id: 2104, flow_id: CSR:104, sibling_flags FFFFFFFF80000049, crypto map: Tunnel1-head-0
         sa timing: remaining key lifetime (k/sec): (4608000/1193)
        IV size: 16 bytes
        replay detection support: Y
        Status: ACTIVE(ACTIVE)

     inbound ah sas:

     inbound pcp sas:

     outbound esp sas:
      spi: 0x9DC2A6F6(2646779638)
        transform: esp-aes esp-sha-hmac ,
        in use settings ={Tunnel, }
        conn id: 2103, flow_id: CSR:103, sibling_flags FFFFFFFF80000049, crypto map: Tunnel1-head-0
         sa timing: remaining key lifetime (k/sec): (4608000/1193)
        IV size: 16 bytes
        replay detection support: Y
        Status: ACTIVE(ACTIVE)

     outbound ah sas:

     outbound pcp sas:


On Router 2

R2#show crypto ikev2 sa
 IPv4 Crypto IKEv2  SA 

 IPv6 Crypto IKEv2  SA 

Tunnel-id    fvrf/ivrf              Status 
1          none/none             READY  
Local  2001:DB8:2::2/500                                 
Remote  2001:DB8:1::1/500                                 
      Encr: AES-CBC, keysize: 256, PRF: SHA256, Hash: SHA256, DH Grp:14, Auth sign: PSK, Auth verify: PSK
      Life/Active Time: 86400/19 sec

R2#show cryto ipsec sa

interface: Tunnel1
    Crypto map tag: Tunnel1-head-0, local addr 2001:DB8:2::2

   protected vrf: (none)
   local  ident (addr/mask/prot/port): (::/0/0/0)
   remote ident (addr/mask/prot/port): (::/0/0/0)
   current_peer 2001:DB8:1::1 port 500
     PERMIT, flags={origin_is_acl,}
    #pkts encaps: 14, #pkts encrypt: 14, #pkts digest: 14
    #pkts decaps: 14, #pkts decrypt: 14, #pkts verify: 14
    #pkts compressed: 0, #pkts decompressed: 0
    #pkts not compressed: 0, #pkts compr. failed: 0
    #pkts not decompressed: 0, #pkts decompress failed: 0
    #send errors 0, #recv errors 0

     local crypto endpt.: 2001:DB8:2::2,
     remote crypto endpt.: 2001:DB8:1::1
     plaintext mtu 1422, path mtu 1500, ipv6 mtu 1500, ipv6 mtu idb GigabitEthernet1
     current outbound spi: 0xEF1D3BA2(4011670434)
     PFS (Y/N): N, DH group: none

     inbound esp sas:
      spi: 0x9829B86D(2552871021)
        transform: esp-aes esp-sha-hmac ,
        in use settings ={Tunnel, }
        conn id: 2006, flow_id: CSR:6, sibling_flags FFFFFFFF80000049, crypto map: Tunnel1-head-0
         sa timing: remaining key lifetime (k/sec): (4608000/3556)
        IV size: 16 bytes
        replay detection support: Y
        Status: ACTIVE(ACTIVE)

     inbound ah sas:

     inbound pcp sas:

     outbound esp sas:
      spi: 0xEF1D3BA2(4011670434)
        transform: esp-aes esp-sha-hmac ,
        in use settings ={Tunnel, }
        conn id: 2005, flow_id: CSR:5, sibling_flags FFFFFFFF80000049, crypto map: Tunnel1-head-0
         sa timing: remaining key lifetime (k/sec): (4607998/3556)
        IV size: 16 bytes
        replay detection support: Y
        Status: ACTIVE(ACTIVE)

     outbound ah sas:

     outbound pcp sas:

Fehlerbehebung

Verwenden Sie zur Fehlerbehebung im Tunnel die folgenden Debug-Befehle:

• debug crypto ikev2
• debug crypto ikev2 error
• debug crypto ipsec
• debug crypto ipsec error