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Configuring Content Replication

Configuring Content Replication

This chapter describes how to configure demand-based content replication and content staging and replication. This chapter also includes a section on configuring Uniform Resource Locator Qualifier Lists (URQLs), which you can use with demand-based content replication.


Note   The Content Demand-Based Replication and the Content Staging and Replication features are part of the CSS Enhanced feature set.

The information in this chapter applies to all CSS models, except where noted.

This chapter contains the following sections:

Configuring Content Demand-Based Replication

One of the biggest challenges for a Web site includes managing unpredictable traffic and flash crowds caused by sudden hot content. Using content demand-based replication, the CSS can track content requests and identify and replicate hot content to overflow Web servers or caches dynamically.

Demand-based replication is traffic-based. Increases in the flow of traffic launch replication services automatically. When you configure demand-based replication, the CSS automatically:

    1. Uses hotlists to detect hot content when the URL hits or bandwidth exceeds the configured hotlist threshold.

    2. Modifies the content rules dynamically to provide additional services from which the hot content may be served.

The following sections describe how to configure service replication:

Configuring Hotlists

Use the hotlist command to define a hotlist that lists the content most requested (hot content) during a user-defined period of time. The CSS enables you to configure hotlist attributes for content rules. Defining hotlist attributes for a content rule enables you to determine which content is heavily accessed. With this information, you can accurately determine which content should be replicated.


Note   You must configure and enable a hotlist for service types replication-store and replication-cache to work.

You can configure the following attributes for hotlists for specific content from config-owner-content mode:

    (config-owner-content[arrowpoint-rule1])# hotlist
     
    
To disable a hotlist, enter:
    (config-owner-content[arrowpoint-rule1])# no hotlist
     
    
    (config-owner-content[arrowpoint-rule1])# hotlist interval 10
     
    
To restore the hotlist interval to the default of 1, enter:
    (config-owner-content[arrowpoint-rule1])# no hotlist interval
     
    
    (config-owner-content[arrowpoint-rule1])# hotlist size 20
     
    
To restore the hotlist size to the default of 10, enter:
    (config-owner-content[arrowpoint-rule1])# no hotlist size
     
    
    (config-owner-content[arrowpoint-rule1])# hotlist threshold 9
     
    
To restore the hotlist threshold default of 0, enter:
    (config-owner-content[arrowpoint-rule1])# no hotlist threshold
     
    
For example:
    (config-owner-content[arrowpoint-rule1])# hotlist type hitcount
     
    
To restore the hotlist type to the default setting hitCount, enter:
    (config-owner-content[arrowpoint-rule1])# no hotlist type
    

Specifying Service Type for Replication

Within a replication configuration, you must configure at least two servers; one local and one replication type. The CSS provides the following service types specific to replication:

When you specify a service as type rep-cache-redir, the CSS uses the service as a cache server, caching hot content and sending requests to it. Once content is cached on the replication server, the CSS creates a dynamic content rule for the hot content and a dynamic service.

The CSS deletes the hot content when the max-age time has elapsed. Refer to the section, "Configuring Max Age"later in this chapter.

For example:

    (config)# service serv1
    (config-service[serv1])# type rep-cache-redir

When you specify a service as type rep-store, the CSS replicates hot content on the service. Once content is replicated on the replication server, the CSS creates a dynamic content rule for the hot content automatically. The dynamic content rule inherits all the attributes of the existing rule with the following changes:

The CSS deletes the dynamic content rule after the maximum age time elapses. See the following section, "Configuring Max Age". The CSS lists the dynamic content rule in the show rule display. It is not displayed in the running- or startup-config files.


Note   A replication service type is not included in the load balancing algorithm until content is replicated on the service.

For example:

    (config)# service serv1
    (config-service[serv1])# type rep-store

Configuring Max Age

Use the max age command to define the maximum age for replicated objects on services defined as type rep-cache-redir, rep-store, or rep-store-redir. Enter the maximum age in minutes from 1 to 1440. The default is 120.

For example:

    (config-service[serv1])# max age 10
     
    

To set the maximum age for replicated objects to its default value of 120, enter:

    (config-service[serv1])# no max age
    

Configuring Max Content

Use the max content command to define the maximum pieces of content for replication on services defined as type rep-cache-redir, rep-store, or rep-store-redir. Enter the maximum pieces of content from 1 to 65535.
The default is 100.

For example:

    (config-service[serv1])# max content 50
     
    

To set the maximum content to its default value of 100, enter:

    (config-service[serv1])# no max content
    

Configuring Max Usage

Use the max usage command to define the maximum disk space allowed for replication on services defined as type rep-cache-redir, rep-store, or rep-store-redir. Enter the disk space for a service from 1 to 1000 megabytes. The default is 1. For example:

    (config-service[serv1])# max usage 100
     
    

To set the maximum disk space to its default value of 1, enter:

    (config-service[serv1])# no max usage
    

Creating an FTP Record

To create a File Transfer Protocol (FTP) record file to use when accessing an FTP server from the CSS, use the ftp-record command. The syntax for this global configuration mode command is:

    ftp-record ftp_record ip_address or hostname username	["password"|encrypted-password password] base_directory
     
    

For example:

    (config)# ftp-record ftp1 172.16.6.58 bobo "secret" /
     
    

The variables are:

To delete an FTP record file from the CSS, use the no ftp-record command and the ftp record name. For example:

    (config)# no ftp-record ftp1
    

Configuring FTP Access for Content Replication

Use the access ftp command to associate an FTP access mechanism with a service for demand-based replication activities. You must use this command for each service that offers publishing services. This command is optional for subscriber services; the subscriber service inherits the access mechanism from the publisher.

When you use this command to associate an FTP access mechanism to a service, the base directory of an existing FTP record becomes the tree root. To maintain coherent mapping between WWW daemons and FTP daemons, make the FTP access base directory equivalent to the WWW daemon root directory as seen by clients.

Enter the access ftp_record as the name of an existing FTP record. Enter the FTP record name as an unquoted text string with no spaces and a maximum length of
16 characters.


Note   To create an FTP record, use the (config) ftp-record command.

For example:

    (config-service[serv1])# access ftp myftprecord
     
    

To remove a service access mechanism, enter:

    (config-service[serv1])# no access ftp
    

Configuring Content Staging and Replication

The CSS supports content staging and replication using Publisher and Subscriber services. Content staging and replication is a timer-based replication service. At a pre-configured day and time, the CSS takes content (for example, a file, multiple files, or complete directories) that you post to the staging publisher server and replicates it dynamically to multiple subscriber servers based on:

The CSS detects changes to specific content by performing an FTP-based examination of file names, sizes, and file dates. The CSS performs this examination based on the configured publisher interval or by the replicate command. The subscriber knows how to interface to the publisher by virtue of the 'access ftp' associated with the publisher designated service.

You can configure the CSS to continually update content that has been replicated. For example, the CSS can replicate content associated with a breaking news story. You can post updates to the staging server and the updates will be replicated to all distributed locations automatically.

Publisher and Subscriber services are usually defined as type local. There is no need to change the service type.

The following sections describe how to configure publisher and subscriber services:

Creating an FTP Record

To create a File Transfer Protocol (FTP) record file to use when accessing an FTP server from the CSS, use the ftp-record command.


Note   When you configure content staging and replication, you must create the FTP record prior to configuring any other content staging and replication command or the feature will not work properly.

The syntax for this global configuration mode command is:

    ftp-record ftp_record ip_address or hostname username	["password"|encrypted-password password] base_directory
     
    

For example:

    (config)# ftp-record ftp1 172.16.6.58 bobo "secret" /
     
    

The variables are:

To delete an FTP record file from the CSS, enter:

    (config)# no ftp-record ftp1
    

Configuring FTP Access for Publishing and Subscribing

Use the access ftp command to associate an access mechanism with a service for use during publishing and subscribing activities. You must use this command for each service that offers publishing services. This command is optional for subscriber services; the subscriber service inherits the access mechanism from the publisher.

Enter the FTP record as the name of an existing FTP record. Enter the FTP record name as an unquoted text string with no spaces and a maximum length of 16 characters.


Note   To create an FTP record, use the (config) ftp-record command.

The syntax for this service mode command is:

    (config-service[pubserver])# access ftp myftprecord
     
    

To remove a service access mechanism, enter:

    (config-service[pubserver])# no access ftp
    

Configuring a Publisher Service

Use the publisher command to configure a service as a publishing service. A publisher service can be any type service that applies to your applications (for example, local or proxy-cache). For a complete description of service types, refer to the Content Services Switch Basic Configuration Guide.

A publishing service synchronizes content among associated subscriber services.
To move the content during publishing activities, you must configure an access mechanism for the publisher service. Use the (config-service) access ftp
command defined earlier in this chapter to configure a mechanism for the
publisher service.

When you define the interval to synchronize the subscriber, the interval begins at the time you issue the command. Subscribers that are unavailable for synchronization are placed in an offline state and retried until the operation is completed.


Note   The publisher service does not become active until it has at least one configured subscriber. You do not need to configure the publisher before configuring the subscriber, but the publisher must be configured before the subscriber can receive any content synchronization updates.

The syntax and options for this service mode command are:

To configure publishing on a service, enter:

    (config-service[pubserver])# publisher
     
    

To remove publishing on a service, enter:

    (config-service[pubserver])# no publisher
     
    

To configure a publisher resynchronization interval, enter:

    (config-service[pubserver])# publisher interval 120
     
    

To disable the publisher resynchronization interval by setting it to its default of 0, enter:

    (config-service[pubserver])# no publisher interval
    

Showing Publisher Configurations

Use the show publisher command to display the operational status of the publishing service and content information. The options and syntax are:

To display information about the publishing services, enter:

    (config-service)# show publisher
    

Configuring a Subscriber Service

Use the subscriber command to configure a service as a subscriber to a publishing service. You can define a maximum of 31 subscribers.

By default, the subscriber inherits the access mechanism of the publisher for the movement of content. If you want to configure an alternative mechanism, use the (config-service) access ftp command defined earlier in this chapter.

To configure a service as a subscriber to a publishing service, enter:

    (config-service[subserver])# subscriber pubserver
     
    

To unsubscribe the service from a publishing service, enter:

    (config-service[subserver])# no subscriber
    

Showing Subscriber Configurations

Use the show subscriber command to display the operational status of the subscriber services. The syntax is:

To display information about the subscriber services, enter:

    (config)# show subscriber
    

Configuring a Content Rule for Replication and Staging

When you configure content replication and staging, you must configure an URL or URQL in a content rule to define which files you want replicated:

Then add the subscriber services to the content rule.


Note   If you want all files in all directories replicated, you do not need to create a content rule. Create a content rule to specify only those files you want replicated.

For example, to specify a URL that matches all requests for content in the announcements directory with .html extensions, enter:

    (config-owner-content[arrowpoint-products.html])# url "/announcements/*.html"
     
    

For a complete description on configuring URLs, refer to the Content Services Switch Basic Configuration Guide.

To define a group of URLs for content that you associate with one or more content rules, use a URQL. For a complete description on configuring URQLs, refer to Chapter , "Configuring Source Groups, ACLs, EQLs, URQLs, NQLs, and DQLs", in the section, "Configuring Uniform Resource Locator Qualifier Lists". Use the url urql command to add a URQL to a previously configured content rule. You can assign only one URQL per rule.

For example:

    (config-owner-content[arrowpoint-products.html])# url urql awesome_products
     
    

To add the subscriber services to the content rule, use the add service command. For example:

    (config-owner-content[arrowpoint-products.html)# add service subserver
    

Configuring Publisher Replication

Use the replicate command to start replicating between a publisher and all associated subscribers. You can use this command to replicate content to new subscribers or force resynchronization immediately.

Enter the publisher_name as the name of the existing publisher. Enter the subscriber_name as the name of the subscriber associated with the publisher service.

The syntax and options are:

For example:

    # replicate pubserver
    

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Posted: Tue Dec 12 05:30:26 PST 2000
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