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This chapter describes how to configure demand-based content replication and content staging and replication. This chapter also includes a section on configuring Uniform Resource Locator Qualifier Lists (URQLs), which you can use with demand-based content replication.
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Note The Content Demand-Based Replication and the Content Staging and Replication features are part of the CSS Enhanced feature set. |
The information in this chapter applies to all CSS models, except where noted.
This chapter contains the following sections:
One of the biggest challenges for a Web site includes managing unpredictable traffic and flash crowds caused by sudden hot content. Using content demand-based replication, the CSS can track content requests and identify and replicate hot content to overflow Web servers or caches dynamically.
Demand-based replication is traffic-based. Increases in the flow of traffic launch replication services automatically. When you configure demand-based replication, the CSS automatically:
1. Uses hotlists to detect hot content when the URL hits or bandwidth exceeds the configured hotlist threshold.
2. Modifies the content rules dynamically to provide additional services from which the hot content may be served.
The following sections describe how to configure service replication:
Use the hotlist command to define a hotlist that lists the content most requested (hot content) during a user-defined period of time. The CSS enables you to configure hotlist attributes for content rules. Defining hotlist attributes for a content rule enables you to determine which content is heavily accessed. With this information, you can accurately determine which content should be replicated.
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Note You must configure and enable a hotlist for service types replication-store and replication-cache to work. |
You can configure the following attributes for hotlists for specific content from config-owner-content mode:
(config-owner-content[arrowpoint-rule1])# hotlist
(config-owner-content[arrowpoint-rule1])# no hotlist
(config-owner-content[arrowpoint-rule1])# hotlist interval 10
(config-owner-content[arrowpoint-rule1])# no hotlist interval
(config-owner-content[arrowpoint-rule1])# hotlist size 20
(config-owner-content[arrowpoint-rule1])# no hotlist size
(config-owner-content[arrowpoint-rule1])# hotlist threshold 9
(config-owner-content[arrowpoint-rule1])# no hotlist threshold
(config-owner-content[arrowpoint-rule1])# hotlist type hitcount
(config-owner-content[arrowpoint-rule1])# no hotlist type
When you specify a service as type rep-cache-redir, the CSS uses the service as a cache server, caching hot content and sending requests to it. Once content is cached on the replication server, the CSS creates a dynamic content rule for the hot content and a dynamic service.
The CSS deletes the hot content when the max-age time has elapsed. Refer to the section, "Configuring Max Age"later in this chapter.
For example:
(config)# service serv1
(config-service[serv1])# type rep-cache-redir
When you specify a service as type rep-store, the CSS replicates hot content on the service. Once content is replicated on the replication server, the CSS creates a dynamic content rule for the hot content automatically. The dynamic content rule inherits all the attributes of the existing rule with the following changes:
The CSS deletes the dynamic content rule after the maximum age time elapses. See the following section, "Configuring Max Age". The CSS lists the dynamic content rule in the show rule display. It is not displayed in the running- or startup-config files.
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Note A replication service type is not included in the load balancing algorithm until content is replicated on the service. |
For example:
(config)# service serv1
(config-service[serv1])# type rep-store
For example:
(config-service[serv1])# max age 10
To set the maximum age for replicated objects to its default value of 120, enter:
(config-service[serv1])# no max age
For example:
(config-service[serv1])# max content 50
To set the maximum content to its default value of 100, enter:
(config-service[serv1])# no max content
(config-service[serv1])# max usage 100
To set the maximum disk space to its default value of 1, enter:
(config-service[serv1])# no max usage
ftp-record ftp_record ip_address or hostname username ["password"|encrypted-password password] base_directory
For example:
(config)# ftp-record ftp1 172.16.6.58 bobo "secret" /
The variables are:
To delete an FTP record file from the CSS, use the no ftp-record command and the ftp record name. For example:
(config)# no ftp-record ftp1
Use the access ftp command to associate an FTP access mechanism with a service for demand-based replication activities. You must use this command for each service that offers publishing services. This command is optional for subscriber services; the subscriber service inherits the access mechanism from the publisher.
When you use this command to associate an FTP access mechanism to a service, the base directory of an existing FTP record becomes the tree root. To maintain coherent mapping between WWW daemons and FTP daemons, make the FTP access base directory equivalent to the WWW daemon root directory as seen by clients.
Enter the access ftp_record as the name of an existing FTP record. Enter the FTP record name as an unquoted text string with no spaces and a maximum length of
16 characters.
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Note To create an FTP record, use the (config) ftp-record command. |
For example:
(config-service[serv1])# access ftp myftprecord
To remove a service access mechanism, enter:
(config-service[serv1])# no access ftp
You can configure the CSS to continually update content that has been replicated. For example, the CSS can replicate content associated with a breaking news story. You can post updates to the staging server and the updates will be replicated to all distributed locations automatically.
Publisher and Subscriber services are usually defined as type local. There is no need to change the service type.
The following sections describe how to configure publisher and subscriber services:
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Note When you configure content staging and replication, you must create the FTP record prior to configuring any other content staging and replication command or the feature will not work properly. |
The syntax for this global configuration mode command is:
ftp-record ftp_record ip_address or hostname username ["password"|encrypted-password password] base_directory
For example:
(config)# ftp-record ftp1 172.16.6.58 bobo "secret" /
The variables are:
To delete an FTP record file from the CSS, enter:
(config)# no ftp-record ftp1
Enter the FTP record as the name of an existing FTP record. Enter the FTP record name as an unquoted text string with no spaces and a maximum length of 16 characters.
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Note To create an FTP record, use the (config) ftp-record command. |
The syntax for this service mode command is:
(config-service[pubserver])# access ftp myftprecord
To remove a service access mechanism, enter:
(config-service[pubserver])# no access ftp
A publishing service synchronizes content among associated subscriber services.
To move the content during publishing activities, you must configure an access mechanism for the publisher service. Use the (config-service) access ftp
command defined earlier in this chapter to configure a mechanism for the
publisher service.
When you define the interval to synchronize the subscriber, the interval begins at the time you issue the command. Subscribers that are unavailable for synchronization are placed in an offline state and retried until the operation is completed.
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Note The publisher service does not become active until it has at least one configured subscriber. You do not need to configure the publisher before configuring the subscriber, but the publisher must be configured before the subscriber can receive any content synchronization updates. |
The syntax and options for this service mode command are:
To configure publishing on a service, enter:
(config-service[pubserver])# publisher
To remove publishing on a service, enter:
(config-service[pubserver])# no publisher
To configure a publisher resynchronization interval, enter:
(config-service[pubserver])# publisher interval 120
To disable the publisher resynchronization interval by setting it to its default of 0, enter:
(config-service[pubserver])# no publisher interval
Use the show publisher command to display the operational status of the publishing service and content information. The options and syntax are:
To display information about the publishing services, enter:
(config-service)# show publisher
Use the subscriber command to configure a service as a subscriber to a publishing service. You can define a maximum of 31 subscribers.
By default, the subscriber inherits the access mechanism of the publisher for the movement of content. If you want to configure an alternative mechanism, use the (config-service) access ftp command defined earlier in this chapter.
To configure a service as a subscriber to a publishing service, enter:
(config-service[subserver])# subscriber pubserver
To unsubscribe the service from a publishing service, enter:
(config-service[subserver])# no subscriber
Use the show subscriber command to display the operational status of the subscriber services. The syntax is:
To display information about the subscriber services, enter:
(config)# show subscriber
Then add the subscriber services to the content rule.
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Note If you want all files in all directories replicated, you do not need to create a content rule. Create a content rule to specify only those files you want replicated. |
For example, to specify a URL that matches all requests for content in the announcements directory with .html extensions, enter:
(config-owner-content[arrowpoint-products.html])# url "/announcements/*.html"
For a complete description on configuring URLs, refer to the Content Services Switch Basic Configuration Guide.
To define a group of URLs for content that you associate with one or more content rules, use a URQL. For a complete description on configuring URQLs, refer to Chapter , "Configuring Source Groups, ACLs, EQLs, URQLs, NQLs, and DQLs", in the section, "Configuring Uniform Resource Locator Qualifier Lists". Use the url urql command to add a URQL to a previously configured content rule. You can assign only one URQL per rule.
For example:
(config-owner-content[arrowpoint-products.html])# url urql awesome_products
To add the subscriber services to the content rule, use the add service command. For example:
(config-owner-content[arrowpoint-products.html)# add service subserver
Enter the publisher_name as the name of the existing publisher. Enter the subscriber_name as the name of the subscriber associated with the publisher service.
The syntax and options are:
For example:
# replicate pubserver
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Posted: Tue Dec 12 05:30:26 PST 2000
Copyright 1989-2000©Cisco Systems Inc.