Table Of Contents

format

frame

history—ROM monitor

history—switch

l2trace

meminfo

ping

format

Use the format command to format bootflash or a Flash PC card (a Flash device must be formatted before it can be used).

format [spare spare-num] [m/]device1: [[device2:][monlib-filename]]

Syntax Description

spare spare_num	(Optional) Number of spare sectors to reserve when other sectors fail.
m/	(Optional) Module number of the supervisor engine containing the Flash device.
device1:	Flash device to be formatted.
device2:	(Optional) Flash device that contains the monlib file to be used to format device1:.
monlib-filename	(Optional) Name of the monlib file.

Defaults

The default number of spare sectors is 0.

Command Types

Switch command.

Command Modes

Privileged.

Usage Guidelines

A colon (:) is required after the specified device.

You can reserve up to 16 spare sectors for use when other sectors fail. If you do not reserve a spare sector and later some sectors fail, you will have to reformat the entire Flash memory, which will erase all existing data.

The monlib file is the ROM monitor library used by the ROM monitor to access files in the Flash file system. It is also compiled into the system image. In the command syntax, device1: is the device to format and device2: contains the monlib file to use.

When you omit the [[device2:][monlib-filename]] argument, the system formats device1: using the monlib that is bundled with the system software.

When you omit device2: from the [[device2:][monlib-filename]] argument, the system formats device1: using the named monlib file from the device specified by the cd command.

When you omit monlib-filename from the [[device2:][monlib-filename]] argument, the system formats device1: using the monlib file from device2:. When you specify the whole [[device2:][monlib-filename]] argument, the system formats device1: using the specified monlib file from the specified device.

You can also specify device1:monlib-filename as the device and filename to be used, as follows:

format device1: [device1: [monlib-filename]]

If monlib-filename is omitted, the system formats device1: using the built-in monlib file on the device.

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Note When the system cannot find a monlib file, the system terminates the formatting process.

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Note If the Flash device has a volume ID, you must provide the volume ID to format the device. The volume ID is displayed using the show flash m/device: filesys command.

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Examples

This example shows how to format a Flash PC card:

Console> (enable) format slot0:

All sectors will be erased, proceed (y/n) [n]?y

Enter volume id (up to 31 characters):

Formatting sector 1

Format device slot0 completed.

Console> (enable) 

frame

Use the frame command to display an individual stack frame.

frame [-d | -p] [num]

Syntax Description

-d	(Optional) Keyword to specify a monitor context.
-p	(Optional) Keyword to specify a booted image process level context.
num	(Optional) Number of the frame to display, where 0 = youngest frame.

Defaults

The default is a booted image kernel context—the youngest frame.

Command Types

ROM monitor command.

Command Types

Normal.

Usage Guidelines

The minus sign (-) is required with the -d and -p options.

Examples

This example shows how to use the frame command to specify a booted image process level context, frame 1:

rommon 6 > frame -p 1

Stack Frame 1, SP = 0x80007ed8, Size = 32 bytes

[0x80007ed8 : sp + 0x000] = 0x6031de50

[0x80007edc : sp + 0x004] = 0x6031c000

[0x80007ee0 : sp + 0x008] = 0x00000000

[0x80007ee4 : sp + 0x00c] = 0x80007ec4

[0x80007ee8 : sp + 0x010] = 0x00000002

[0x80007eec : sp + 0x014] = 0x00000000

[0x80007ef0 : sp + 0x018] = 0x60008770

[0x80007ef4 : sp + 0x01c] = 0x600087f0

history—ROM monitor

Use the history command to display the command history (the last 16 commands executed in the ROM monitor environment). This command is aliased to "h" by the ROM monitor for convenience.

history

Syntax Description

This command has no arguments or keywords.

Defaults

This command has no default settings.

Command Types

ROM monitor command.

Command Modes

Normal.

Examples

This example shows how to use the history command:

rommon 13 > history

1   help

2   break -s 0x20090

3   break -s 10090

4   break -s 0xa0001000

5   cont

6   help

7   dev

8   dir 

9   dir bootflash:

10  dis

11  dis 0xa0001000

12  dis 0xbe000000

13  history

=============================================================================

history—switch

Use the history command to show the contents of the command history buffer.

history

Syntax Description

This command has no arguments or keywords.

Defaults

This command has no default settings.

Command Types

Switch command.

Command Modes

Normal.

Usage Guidelines

The history buffer size is fixed at 20 commands. See the "Command-Line Interfaces" chapter for detailed information about the command history feature.

Examples

In this example, the history command lists the contents of the command history buffer:

Console> history

       1 help

       2 history

Console> !2

history

       1 help

       2 history

       3 history

Console>

l2trace

Use the l2trace command set to display the Layer 2 path taken by the packets that start at a specified source address and end at a specified destination address.

l2trace src_mac_addr dest_mac_addr [vlan] [detail]

l2trace src_ip_addr dest_ip_addr [detail]

Syntax Description

src_mac_addr	Source MAC address.
dest_mac_addr	Destination MAC address.
vlan	(Optional) Number of the VLAN.
src_ip_addr	Source IP address or alias.
dest_ip_addr	Destination IP address or alias.
detail	(Optional) Keyword to specify detailed information.

Defaults

This command has no default settings.

Command Types

Switch command.

Command Types

Privileged.

Usage Guidelines

All the intermediate devices should be Catalyst 5000 or Catalyst 6000 family switches running supervisor engine software release 6.1 or later. Catalyst 4000 family switches must be running supervisor engine software release 6.2 or later.

The l2trace command displays the Layer 2 path when the specified source and destination addresses belong to the same VLAN. If you specify source and destination addresses that belong to different VLANs, l2trace aborts with an error message.

You must enable CDP on all the Catalyst 4000, Catalyst 5000, or Catalyst 6000 family switches in the network.

When the switch detects a device (in the Layer 2 path) that does not belong to the Catalyst 4000, Catalyst 5000, or Catalyst 6000 family switch, the switch continues to send Layer 2 trace queries and lets them time out.

This command is rejected if you enter a multicast source or destination MAC address.

If a source or the destination address belongs to multiple VLANs, you must specify the VLAN to be used for determining the Layer 2 path.

The Layer 2 trace feature is not supported when multiple devices are attached to one port via hubs (for example, multiple CDP neighbors detected on a port). When more than one CDP neighbor is detected on the port, l2trace is aborted.

If you specify the IP address of the source and destination systems instead of the MAC addresses, the switch looks at the ARP table to determine the IP address to MAC address mapping of the source and destination systems. If an ARP entry exists for the specified IP address, the corresponding MAC address is used. If no matching ARP entry exists, the system does an ARP query and tries to resolve the IP address. If this is the case, a restriction is imposed that requires the source and destination systems to be in the same subnet as the switch in order for the ARP query to be resolved.

Examples

This example shows how to display the Layer 2 packet path for a specified source and destination MAC address:

Console> (enable) l2trace 00-01-22-33-44-55 10-22-33-44-55-66 detail

l2trace vlan number is 10.

00-01-22-33-44-55 found in C5500 named wiring-1 on port 4/1 10Mb half duplex

C5500: wiring-1: 192.168.242.10: 4/1 10Mb half duplex -> 5/2 100MB full duplex

C5000: backup-wiring-1: 192.168.242.20: 1/1 100Mb full duplex -> 3/1-4 FEC attached

C5000: backup-core-1: 192.168.242.30: 4/1-4 FEC attached -> 1/1-2 GEC attached

C6000: core-1: 192.168.242.40: 1/1-2 GEC attached -> 2/1 10MB half duplex.

10-22-33-44-55-66 found in C6000 named core-1 on port 2/1 10MB half duplex.

Console> (enable)

This example shows how to display the Layer 2 packet path for a specified source and destination IP alias:

Console> (enable) l2trace user-1-pc user-2-pc detail

Mapping IP address to MAC Address

user-1-pc -> 00-01-22-33-44-55

user-2-pc -> 10-22-33-44-55-66

l2trace vlan number is 10

00-01-22-33-44-55 found in C5500 named wiring-1 on port 4/1 10Mb half duplex

C5500: wiring-1: 192.168.242.10: 4/1 10Mb half duplex -> 5/2 100MB full duplex

C5000: backup-wiring-1: 192.168.242.20: 1/1 100Mb full duplex -> 3/1-4 FEC attached

C5000: backup-core-1: 192.168.242.30: 4/1-4 FEC attached -> 1/1-2 GEC attached

C6000: core-1: 192.168.242.40: 1/1-2 GEC attached -> 2/1 10MB half duplex.

10-22-33-44-55-66 found in C6000 named core-1 on port 2/1 10MB half duplex.

Console> (enable) 

This example shows how to display a summary of Layer 2 packet path information for a specified source and destination IP address:

Console> (enable) l2trace 9.7.0.7 9.7.0.6

Starting L2 Trace

sc0 :9.7.0.7 : 3/7

4/16 :9.7.0.2 : 4/10

Console> (enable)

This example shows how to display a summary of Layer 2 packet path information for a specified source and destination MAC address:

Console> (enable) l2trace 00-01-22-33-44-55 10-22-33-44-55-66

Starting L2 Trace

sc0 :9.7.0.7 : 3/7

4/16 :9.7.0.2 : 4/10

Console> (enable)

meminfo

Use the meminfo command to display information about the main memory, packet memory, and NVRAM. With the -l option, the supported DRAM configurations are displayed.

meminfo [-l]

Syntax Description

-l	(Optional) Keyword to specify the long listing, which displays the DRAM configurations.

Defaults

This command has no default settings.

Command Types

ROM monitor command.

Command Modes

Normal.

Usage Guidelines

The minus sign (-) is required with the -l option.

Examples

This example shows how to use the meminfo command:

rommon 9 > meminfo

Main memory size: 16 MB in 32 bit mode.

Available main memory starts at 0xa000e000, size 16328KB

IO (packet) memory size: 25 percent of main memory.

NVRAM size: 32KB

ping

Use the ping command set to send ICMP echo-request packets to another node on the network. You can also use the ping command without arguments to configure ping.

ping -s host

ping -s host [packet_size] [packet_count]

ping

Syntax Description

-s	Keyword to cause ping to send one datagram per second, printing one line of output for every response received.
host	IP address or IP alias of the host.
packet_size	(Optional) Number of bytes in a packet, from 56 to 1472 bytes.
packet_count	(Optional) Number of packets to send; valid values are from 0 to 2,147,483,647.

Defaults

The defaults for ping -s are as follows:

•packet_size is 56 bytes

•packet_count is 2,147,483,647

The defaults for ping with no arguments are as follows:

•packet_size is 56 bytes

•packet_count is 5

•Wait time is 2 seconds

•Target IP address is none (this is a mandatory field)

•Source address is the host IP address

Command Types

Switch command.

Command Modes

Normal or privileged.

Usage Guidelines

General ping command guidelines are as follows:

•Press Ctrl-C to stop pinging.

•Continuous ping means that, unless you press Ctrl-C to stop pinging, packets are generated continually and dispatched to the host.

•The actual packet size is 8 bytes larger than the size you specify because the switch adds header information.

•Normal response—The normal response occurs in 1 to 10 seconds, depending on network traffic.

The guidelines for the ping -s command are as follows:

•The maximum waiting time before timing out is 2 seconds.

•A new ping packet is generated after 1 second of sending the previous packet, regardless of whether an echo-reply is received or not.

•If you do not enter a packet count, continuous ping results.

•Network or host unreachable—The switch found no corresponding entry in the route table.

•Destination does not respond—If the host does not respond, a "no answer from host" appears in 2 seconds.

•Destination unreachable—The gateway for this destination indicates that the destination is unreachable.

The guidelines for the ping command without arguments are as follows:

•The ping host command is accepted in normal mode only. The parameters take the default values automatically.

•The target IP address is a mandatory field to be entered.

•The maximum waiting time is configurable.

•A new ping packet is generated only when an echo-reply is received.

•If you enter a packet count of 0, this results in continuous ping.

•Returns output only when a response is received or you press Return.

•Available in privileged mode only.

•When configuring ping, you must either press Return or enter a response. Valid responses and appropriate values are as follows:

–Target IP address: IP address or host name of the destination node you plan to ping.

–Number of Packets: Number of ping packets to be sent to the destination address; valid values are from 0 to 2,147,483,647 (0 specifies continuous ping).

–Datagram size: Size of the ping packet; valid values are from 56 to 1472 bytes.

–Timeout in seconds: Timeout interval; valid values are from 0 to 3600 seconds.

–Source IP Address [(default)]: IP address or IP alias of the source.

Examples

This example shows how to ping a host with IP alias elvis a single time:

Console> ping elvis

!!!!!

-----172.20.52.19 PING Statistics------

5 packets transmitted, 5 packets received, 0% packet loss

round-trip (ms) min/avg/max = 1/1/1

Console>

This example shows how to ping a host with IP alias elvis once per second until you press Ctrl-C to stop pinging:

Console> ping -s elvis

ping elvis: 56 data bytes

64 bytes from elvis: icmp_seq=0. time=11 ms

64 bytes from elvis: icmp_seq=1. time=8 ms

64 bytes from elvis: icmp_seq=2. time=8 ms

64 bytes from elvis: icmp_seq=3. time=7 ms

64 bytes from elvis: icmp_seq=4. time=11 ms

64 bytes from elvis: icmp_seq=5. time=7 ms

64 bytes from elvis: icmp_seq=6. time=7 ms

^C

----elvis PING Statistics----

7 packets transmitted, 7 packets received, 0% packet loss

round-trip (ms)  min/avg/max = 7/8/11

Console> 

This example shows how to configure ping:

Console> (enable) ping

Target IP Address []: 172.20.52.19

Number of Packets [5]: 6

Datagram Size [56]: 75

Timeout in seconds [2]: 1

Source IP Address [172.20.52.18]:

!!!!!!

----172.20.52.19 PING Statistics----

6 packets transmitted, 6 packets received, 0% packet loss

round-trip (ms)  min/avg/max = 1/1/1

Console> (enable)

Related Commands

set interface
set ip route
show interface
show ip route