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Catalyst 3550 Multilayer Switch Software Configuration Guide, 12.1(14)EA1
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Index
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Preface
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Overview
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Using the Command-Line Interface
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Getting Started with CMS
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Assigning the Switch IP Address and Default Gateway
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Configuring IE2100 CNS Agents
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Clustering Switches
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Administering the Switch
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Configuring Switch-Based Authentication
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Configuring 802.1X Port-Based Authentication
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Configuring Interface Characteristics
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Configuring VLANs
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Configuring VTP
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Configuring Voice VLAN
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Configuring 802.1Q and Layer 2 Protocol Tunneling
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Configuring STP
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Configuring MSTP
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Configuring Optional Spanning-Tree Features
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Configuring the DHCP Option 82 for Subscriber Identification
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Configuring IGMP Snooping and MVR
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Configuring Port-Based Traffic Control
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Configuring CDP
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Configuring UDLD
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Configuring SPAN and RSPAN
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Configuring RMON
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Configuring System Message Logging
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Configuring SNMP
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Configuring Network Security with ACLs
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Configuring QoS
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Configuring EtherChannels
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Configuring IP Unicast Routing
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Configuring HSRP
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Configuring Web Cache Services By Using WCCP
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Configuring IP Multicast Routing
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Configuring MSDP
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Configuring Fallback Bridging
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Troubleshooting
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Supported MIBs
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Working with the IOS File System, Configuration Files, and Software Images
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Unsupported CLI Commands for Release 12.1(14)EA1
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Table Of Contents
Numerics - A - B - C - D - E - F - G - H - I - J - K - L - M - N - O - P - Q - R - S - T - U - V - W - X -
Index
Numerics
144-bit Layer 3 TCAM 7-26, 30-68
802.1D
802.1Q
and trunk ports 10-3
configuration limitations 11-18
encapsulation 11-16
native VLAN for untagged traffic 11-23
trunk mode 3-10
tunneling
compatibility with other features 14-5
defaults 14-4
described 14-1
tunnel ports and ACLs 27-3
tunnel ports with other features 14-6
802.1S
802.1W
802.1X
802.3X flow control 10-15
A
abbreviating commands 2-4
ABRs 30-29
AC (command switch) 6-13, 6-22
access-class command 27-20
access control entries
access-denied response, VMPS 11-27
access groups
IP 27-21
Layer 3 27-21
accessing
clusters, switch 6-16
command switches 6-13
member switches 6-16
switch clusters 6-16
access lists
access ports
and Layer 2 protocol tunneling 14-9
defined 10-3
in switch clusters 6-11
accounting
with RADIUS 8-28
ACEs
and QoS 28-7
defined 27-2
Ethernet 27-2
IP 27-2
ACLs
ACEs 27-2
and logging 27-7
any keyword 27-13
applying
on bridged packets 27-38
on multicast packets 27-40
on routed packets 27-39
on switched packets 27-37
time ranges to 27-17
to Layer 2 and Layer 3 interfaces 27-20
to QoS 28-7
classifying traffic for QoS 28-36
comments in 27-19
compatibility on the same switch 27-2
compiling 27-21
configuration conflict examples 27-44
configuring with VLAN maps 27-36
defined 27-1
examples, not fitting in hardware 27-45
extended IP
configuring for QoS classification 28-37
creating 27-11
matching criteria 27-8
feature manager 27-43
hardware and software handling 27-6
hardware support for 27-6
host keyword 27-13
IP
applying to interface 27-19
creating 27-8
defined 27-8
fragments and QoS guidelines 28-27
implicit deny 27-10, 27-14, 27-16
implicit masks 27-10
matching criteria 27-8
matching criteria for port ACLs 27-4
matching criteria for router ACLs 27-3
named 27-15
options and QoS guidelines 28-27
undefined 27-21
violations, logging 27-16
virtual terminal lines, setting on 27-19
limiting actions 27-37
logging messages 27-10
log keyword 27-16
merge failure examples 27-46
monitoring 27-41
named 27-15
not fitting in hardware 27-45
number per QoS class map 28-27
numbers 27-8
policy maps and QoS classification 28-27
port
and voice VLAN 27-4
defined 27-2
limitations 27-4
router 27-2
standard IP
configuring for QoS classification 28-36
creating 27-9
matching criteria 27-8
support for 1-4
time ranges 27-17
undefined 27-28
unsupported features 27-7
using router ACLs with VLAN maps 27-36
VLAN maps
configuration guidelines 27-30
configuring 27-29
defined 27-4
active router 31-1
addresses
displaying the MAC address table 7-26
dynamic
accelerated aging 15-8
changing the aging time 7-22
default aging 15-8
defined 7-20
learning 7-21
preventing frame forwarding 35-5
removing 7-22
filtering frames by MAC address 35-6
multicast
group address range 33-1
STP address management 15-8
static
adding and removing 7-25
defined 7-20
address resolution 30-8
Address Resolution Protocol
adjacency tables, with CEF 30-76
administrative distances
defined 30-87
OSPF 30-34
routing protocol defaults 30-77
advertisements
CDP 21-1
IGRP 30-24
RIP 30-19
aggregate addresses, BGP 30-60
aggregated ports
aggregate policers 28-49
aggregate policing 1-5
aging, accelerating 15-8
aging time
accelerated
for MSTP 16-20
bridge table for fallback bridging 35-6
MAC address table 7-22
maximum
for MSTP 16-21
for STP 15-22
alarms, RMON 24-3
allowed-VLAN list 11-21
alternate routes, IGRP 30-25
area border routers
ARP
configuring 30-9
defined 30-8
encapsulation 30-10
static cache configuration 30-9
support for 1-2
ASBRs 30-29
AS-path filters, BGP 30-54
asymmetrical links, and 802.1Q tunneling 14-4
attributes, RADIUS
vendor-proprietary 8-31
vendor-specific 8-29
audience xxxiii
authentication
EIGRP 30-42
HSRP 31-8
local mode with AAA 8-36
NTP associations 7-4
RADIUS
key 8-21
login 8-23
TACACS+
defined 8-11
key 8-13
login 8-14
See also port-based authentication
authentication keys, and routing protocols 30-88
authoritative time source, described 7-2
authorization
with RADIUS 8-27
authorized ports with 802.1X 9-4
autoconfiguration 4-3
automatic discovery
adding member switches 6-20
considerations
beyond a non-candidate device 6-8, 6-9
brand new switches 6-11
connectivity 6-5
different VLANs 6-7
non-CDP-capable devices 6-6
non-cluster-capable devices 6-6
routed ports 6-11
creating a cluster standby group 6-22
in switch clusters 6-5
automatic QoS
automatic recovery, clusters 6-12
autonegotiation
duplex mode 1-2
interface configuration guidelines 10-13
mismatches 36-10
autonomous system boundary routers
autonomous systems, in BGP 30-48
Auto-RP, described 33-8
autosensing, port speed 1-2
auxiliary VLAN
B
BackboneFast
described 17-10
enabling 17-20
support for 1-3
bandwidth for QoS
allocating 28-63
described 28-13
bandwidth graphs 3-9
banners
configuring
login 7-20
message-of-the-day login 7-19
default configuration 7-18
when displayed 7-18
BGP
aggregate addresses 30-60
aggregate routes, configuring 30-60
CIDR 30-60
clear commands 30-63
community filtering 30-56
configuring neighbors 30-58
default configuration 30-46
described 30-45
enabling 30-48
monitoring 30-63
multipath support 30-51
neighbors, types of 30-48
path selection 30-51
peers, configuring 30-58
prefix filtering 30-55
resetting sessions 30-50
route dampening 30-62
route maps 30-53
route reflectors 30-61
routing domain confederation 30-60
routing session with multi-VRF CE 30-70
show commands 30-63
supernets 30-60
support for 1-6
Version 4 30-45
binding cluster group and HSRP group 31-10
blocking packets 20-6
booting
boot loader, function of 4-2
boot process 4-1
manually 4-13
specific image 4-14
boot loader
accessing 4-15
described 4-2
environment variables 4-15
prompt 4-15
trap-door mechanism 4-2
bootstrap router (BSR), described 33-8
Border Gateway Protocol
BPDU
error-disabled state 17-3
filtering 17-3
RSTP format 16-9
BPDU filtering
described 17-3
enabling 17-16
support for 1-3
BPDU guard
described 17-3
enabling 17-15
support for 1-3
bridged packets, ACLs on 27-38
bridge groups
bridge protocol data unit
broadcast flooding 30-16
broadcast packets
directed 30-13
flooded 30-13
broadcast storm-control command 20-3
browser configuration 3-1, 6-1
buttons, CMS 3-29
C
cables, monitoring for unidirectional links 22-1
cache engines, redirecting traffic to 32-1
CAMs, ACLs not loading in 27-45
candidate switch
adding 6-20
automatic discovery 6-5
defined 6-4
HC 6-22
passwords 6-20
requirements 6-4
standby group 6-22
See also command switch, cluster standby group, and member switch
caution, described xxxiv
CC (command switch) 6-22
CDP
and trusted boundary 28-32
automatic discovery in switch clusters 6-5
configuring 21-2
default configuration 21-2
described 21-1
disabling for routing device 21-3, 21-4
enabling and disabling
on an interface 21-4
on a switch 21-3
Layer 2 protocol tunneling 14-7
monitoring 21-5
overview 21-1
support for 1-2
transmission timer and holdtime, setting 21-2
updates 21-2
CEF 30-75
CGMP
as IGMP snooping learning method 19-7
clearing cached group entries 33-58
enabling server support 33-38
FastLeave feature 33-13
hosts
joining a group 33-12
leaving a group 33-13
joining multicast group 19-2
overview 33-11
server support only 33-11
switch support of 1-2
CIDR 30-60
Cisco Discovery Protocol
Cisco Express Forwarding
Cisco Group Management Protocol
Cisco Intelligence Engine 2100 Series Configuration Registrar
Cisco Networking Services
classless interdomain routing
classless routing 30-7
class maps for QoS
configuring per physical port 28-39
configuring per-port per-VLAN 28-41
described 28-7
displaying 28-69
class of service
clearing interfaces 10-21
CLI
abbreviating commands 2-4
command modes 2-1
described 1-7
editing features
enabling and disabling 2-7
keystroke editing 2-7
wrapped lines 2-8
error messages 2-5
filtering command output 2-9
getting help 2-3
history
changing the buffer size 2-5
described 2-5
disabling 2-6
recalling commands 2-6
managing clusters 6-24
no and default forms of commands 2-4
client mode, VTP 12-3
clock
Cluster Management Suite
clusters, switch
accessing 6-16
adding member switches 6-20
automatic discovery 6-5
automatic recovery 6-12
benefits 1-8
command switch configuration 6-19
compatibility 6-5
creating 6-18
creating a cluster standby group 6-22
described 6-1
LRE profile considerations 6-18
managing
through CLI 6-24
through SNMP 6-25
planning 6-5
planning considerations
automatic discovery 6-5
automatic recovery 6-12
CLI 6-24
host names 6-16
IP addresses 6-16
LRE profiles 6-18
passwords 6-16
RADIUS 6-17
switch-specific features 6-18
TACACS+ 6-17
redundancy 6-22
troubleshooting 6-24
verifying 6-23
cluster standby group
and HSRP group 31-10
automatic recovery 6-15
considerations 6-13
creating 6-22
defined 6-2
requirements 6-3
virtual IP address 6-13
cluster tree, described 3-6
CMS
benefits 1-8
cluster tree 3-6
displaying system messages 3-19
features 3-3
Front Panel images 3-7
Front Panel view 3-4
interaction modes 3-25
menu bar 3-14
online help 3-26
toolbar 3-20
tool tips 3-26
Topology view 3-11
window components 3-27
wizards 3-26
Coarse Wave Division Multiplexer GBIC modules
command-line interface
command modes 2-1
commands
abbreviating 2-4
no and default 2-4
setting privilege levels 8-8
command switch
accessing 6-13
command switch with HSRP disabled (CC) 6-22
configuration conflicts 36-10
defined 6-2
enabling 6-19
password privilege levels 6-24
priority 6-13
recovery
from command-switch failure 6-13
from failure 36-6
from lost member connectivity 36-10
replacing
with another switch 36-8
with cluster member 36-7
requirements 6-3
See also candidate switch, cluster standby group, member switch, and standby command switch
community list, BGP 30-57
community strings
for cluster switches 26-4
in clusters 6-17
overview 26-4
SNMP 6-17
config.text 4-12
configuration conflicts
ACL, displaying 27-44
recovering from lost member connectivity 36-10
configuration conflicts, recovering from lost member connectivity 36-10
configuration examples, network 1-8
configuration files
clearing the startup configuration B-18
creating using a text editor B-9
default name 4-12
deleting a stored configuration B-18
described B-8
downloading
automatically 4-12
reasons for B-8
using FTP B-12
using RCP B-16
using TFTP B-10
guidelines for creating and using B-8
invalid combinations when copying B-5
limiting TFTP server access 26-15
obtaining with DHCP 4-7
password recovery disable considerations 8-5
specifying the filename 4-13
system contact and location information 26-15
types and location B-9
uploading
reasons for B-8
using FTP B-14
using RCP B-17
using TFTP B-11
VMPS database 11-28
configuration guidelines, multi-VRF CE 30-68
configuration settings, saving 4-10
configure terminal command 10-7
configuring inline power 10-14
conflicts, configuration 36-10
congestion-avoidance techniques 28-12
congestion-management techniques 28-12, 28-15
connections, secure remote 8-37
connectivity problems 36-11
consistency checks in VTP version 2 12-4
console port, connecting to 2-10
content-routing technology
conventions
command xxxiv
for examples xxxiv
publication xxxiv
text xxxiv
CoS
in Layer 2 frames 28-2
override priority 13-5
trust priority 13-6
CoS-to-DSCP map for QoS 28-52
CoS-to-egress-queue map 28-57
counters, clearing interface 10-21
CPU q, in show forward command output 36-20
crashinfo file 36-20
cross-stack UplinkFast, STP
connecting stack ports 17-8
described 17-5
enabling 17-19
fast-convergence events 17-7
Fast Uplink Transition Protocol 17-6
limitations 17-8
normal-convergence events 17-7
Stack Membership Discovery Protocol 17-6
support for 1-3
cryptographic software image 8-37
customer edge devices 30-65
CWDM GBIC modules
network example 1-18
wavelength colors on CMS 3-7
CWDM OADM modules 1-18
D
daylight saving time 7-13
debugging
enabling all system diagnostics 36-17
enabling for a specific feature 36-17
redirecting error message output 36-18
using commands 36-16
default commands 2-4
default configuration
802.1Q tunneling 14-4
802.1X 9-9
auto-QoS 28-18
banners 7-18
BGP 30-46
booting 4-12
CDP 21-2
DHCP 18-3
DNS 7-17
EIGRP 30-39
EtherChannel 29-8
fallback bridging 35-3
HSRP 31-4
IGMP 33-31
IGMP filtering 19-21
IGMP snooping 19-6
IGRP 30-25
initial switch information 4-3
IP addressing, IP routing 30-4
IP multicast routing 33-13
Layer 2 interfaces 10-12
Layer 2 protocol tunneling 14-9
MAC address table 7-22
MSDP 34-4
MSTP 16-12
multi-VRF CE 30-67
MVR 19-15
NTP 7-4
optional spanning-tree features 17-14
OSPF 30-30
password and privilege level 8-2
RADIUS 8-20
RIP 30-19
RMON 24-3
RSPAN 23-8
SNMP 26-6
SPAN 23-8
standard QoS 28-25
STP 15-11
system message logging 25-3
system name and prompt 7-15
TACACS+ 8-13
UDLD 22-3
VLAN, Layer 2 Ethernet interfaces 11-18
VLANs 11-7
VMPS 11-30
voice VLAN 13-2
VTP 12-6
WCCP 32-5
default networks 30-78
default routes 30-78
default routing 30-2
deleting VLANs 11-10
description command 10-17
designing your network, examples 1-8
destination addresses, in ACLs 27-12
detecting indirect link failures, STP 17-10
device discovery protocol 21-1
device labels 3-13
Device Manager 3-5
device pop-up menu, Front Panel view 3-21
DHCP-based autoconfiguration
client request message exchange 4-4
configuring
client side 4-3
DNS 4-6
relay device 4-6
server-side 4-5
TFTP server 4-5
example 4-8
lease options
for IP address information 4-5
for receiving the configuration file 4-5
overview 4-3
relationship to BOOTP 4-3
relay support 1-6
support for 1-2
DHCP option 82
configuration guidelines 18-4
default configuration 18-3
displaying 18-7
enabling
relay agent 18-4
relay agent information option 18-4
example, metropolitan Ethernet network 18-2
forwarding address, specifying 18-5
helper address 18-6
message exchange process 18-2
overview 18-1
policy for reforwarding 18-5
protected ports for subscriber isolation 18-7
reforwarding policy 18-5
subscriber identification 18-2
support for 1-2
suppressing broadcasts 18-7
validating 18-4
Differentiated Services architecture, QoS 28-2
Differentiated Services Code Point 28-2
Diffusing Update Algorithm (DUAL) 30-38
directed unicast requests 1-2
directories
changing B-3
creating and removing B-4
displaying the working B-3
discovery, clusters
display options, Topology view 3-14
Disqualification Code option 3-25
Distance Vector Multicast Routing Protocol
distance-vector protocols 30-2
distribute-list command 30-86
DNS
and DHCP-based autoconfiguration 4-6
default configuration 7-17
displaying the configuration 7-18
overview 7-16
setting up 7-17
support for 1-2
documentation
related xxxiv
document conventions xxxiv
domain names
DNS 7-16
VTP 12-8
Domain Name System
dot1q-tunnel switchport mode 11-17
double-tagged packets
802.1Q tunneling 14-2
Layer 2 protocol tunneling 14-9
downloading
configuration files
reasons for B-8
using FTP B-12
using RCP B-16
using TFTP B-10
image files
deleting old image B-22
reasons for B-18
using FTP B-25
using RCP B-29
using TFTP B-21
drop threshold for Layer 2 protocol packets 14-10
DSCP-to-CoS map for QoS 28-54
DSCP-to-DSCP-mutation map for QoS 28-55
DSCP-to-threshold map for QoS 28-60
DUAL finite state machine, EIGRP 30-38
duplex mode, configuring 10-13
DVMRP
all-DVMRP-routers multicast group address 33-11
autosummarization
configuring a summary address 33-54
disabling 33-56
connecting PIM domain to DVMRP router 33-46
enabling unicast routing 33-50
interoperability
with Cisco devices 33-44
with IOS software 33-11
mrinfo requests, responding to 33-49
neighbors
advertising the default route to 33-48
discovery with Probe messages 33-11, 33-44
displaying information 33-49
prevent peering with nonpruning 33-52
rejecting nonpruning 33-51
overview 33-11
routes
adding a metric offset 33-56
advertising all 33-56
advertising the default route to neighbors 33-48
caching DVMRP routes learned in report messages 33-50
changing the threshold for syslog messages 33-54
deleting 33-58
displaying 33-58
favoring one over another 33-56
limiting the number injected into MBONE 33-53
limiting unicast route advertisements 33-44
route table, building 33-11
source distribution tree, building 33-11
support for 1-6
tunnels
configuring 33-46
displaying neighbor information 33-49
dynamic access mode 3-10
dynamic access ports
characteristics 11-3
configuring 11-31
defined 10-3
dynamic addresses
dynamic desirable trunking mode 11-17
Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol
See DHCP-based autoconfiguration
dynamic port VLAN membership
described 11-28
reconfirming 11-32
troubleshooting 11-34
types of connections 11-31
VMPS database configuration file 11-28
dynamic routing 30-2
Dynamic Trunking Protocol
E
EBGP 30-44
editing features
enabling and disabling 2-7
keystrokes used 2-7
wrapped lines 2-8
egress q, in show forward command output 36-20
EIGRP
and IGRP 30-40
authentication 30-42
components 30-38
configuring 30-40
default configuration 30-39
definition 30-38
interface parameters, configuring 30-41
monitoring 30-43
support for 1-6
enable password 8-4
enable secret password 8-4
encryption for passwords 8-4
Enhanced IGRP
environment variables
function of 4-16
location in Flash 4-15
error messages
during command entry 2-5
setting the display destination device 25-4
severity levels 25-8
system message format 25-2
EtherChannel
automatic creation of 29-3
channel groups
binding physical and logical interfaces 29-2
numbering of 29-3
configuration guidelines 29-8
configuring
Layer 2 interfaces 29-9
Layer 3 physical interfaces 29-12
Layer 3 port-channel logical interfaces 29-11
default configuration 29-8
destination MAC address forwarding 29-6
displaying status 29-18
forwarding methods 29-14
interaction
with STP 29-8
with VLANs 29-9
LACP, support for 1-2
Layer 3 interface 30-3
logical interfaces, described 29-2
number of interfaces per 29-2
overview 29-1
PAgP
aggregate-port learners 29-5
compatibility with Catalyst 1900 29-15
displaying status 29-18
interaction with other features 29-6
learn method and priority configuration 29-15
modes 29-4
overview 29-3
silent mode 29-4
support for 1-2
port-channel interfaces
described 29-2
numbering of 29-3
port groups 10-5
source MAC address forwarding 29-6
support for 1-2
EtherChannel guard
described 17-12
enabling 17-20
Ethernet VLANs
adding 11-8
defaults and ranges 11-8
modifying 11-8
events, RMON 24-3
examples
conventions for xxxiv
network configuration 1-8
expedite queue for QoS
10/100 Ethernet ports
allocating bandwidth 28-67
configuring 28-66
described 28-15
Gigabit-capable Ethernet ports
allocating bandwidth 28-63
configuring 28-62
described 28-12
expert mode 3-25
extended-range VLANs
configuration guidelines 11-12
configuring 11-12
defined 11-1
extended system ID
MSTP 16-14
Extensible Authentication Protocol over LAN 9-1
exterior routes, IGRP 30-24
external BGP
external neighbors, BGP 30-48
F
fallback bridging
and protected ports 35-4
bridge groups
creating 35-4
described 35-1
displaying 35-12
function of 35-2
number supported 35-4
removing 35-4
bridge table
changing the aging time 35-6
clearing 35-12
displaying 35-12
configuration guidelines 35-3
connecting interfaces with 10-7
default configuration 35-3
described 35-1
frame forwarding
filtering by MAC address 35-6
flooding packets 35-2
for static addresses 35-5
forwarding packets 35-2
preventing for dynamically learned stations 35-5
to static addresses 35-5
overview 35-1
STP
disabling on an interface 35-12
forward-delay interval 35-10
hello BPDU interval 35-10
interface priority 35-8
maximum-idle interval 35-11
path cost 35-9
switch priority 35-8
support for 1-6
SVIs and routed ports 35-1
VLAN-bridge STP 15-10
fallback VLAN name 11-28
fan fault indication 3-6
Fast Uplink Transition Protocol 17-6
feature manager, ACL 27-43
FIB 30-76
fiber-optic, detecting unidirectional links 22-1
files
copying B-4
crashinfo
description 36-20
displaying the contents of 36-20
location 36-20
deleting B-5
displaying the contents of B-7
tar
creating B-5
displaying the contents of B-6
extracting B-7
image file format B-19
file system
displaying available file systems B-2
displaying file information B-3
local file system names B-1
network file system names B-4
setting the default B-3
filtering
in a VLAN 27-29
non-IP traffic 27-26
show and more command output 2-9
with fallback bridging 35-6
filters, IP
Flash device, number of B-1
flash updates, IGRP 30-25
flooded traffic, blocking 20-6
flow-based packet classification 1-5
flowcharts
QoS classification 28-6
QoS policing and marking 28-10
QoS queueing and scheduling
10/100 ports 28-15
Gigabit-capable ports 28-12
forward-delay time
MSTP 16-20
Forwarding Information Base
forwarding non-routable protocols 35-1
Front Panel images, CMS 3-7
Front Panel view
cluster tree 3-6
described 3-4
pop-up menus 3-21
port icons 3-7
port LEDs 3-9
RPS LED 3-8
switch images 3-7
FTP
accessing MIB files A-3
configuration files
downloading B-12
overview B-11
preparing the server B-12
uploading B-14
image files
deleting old image B-26
downloading B-25
preparing the server B-24
uploading B-26
G
GBICs
1000BASE-LX/LH module 1-11
1000BASE-SX module 1-11
1000BASE-T module 1-11
1000BASE-ZX module 1-11
CWDM module 1-18
GigaStack module 1-10
security and identification 36-10
get-bulk-request operation 26-3
get-next-request operation 26-3, 26-4
get-request operation 26-3, 26-4
get-response operation 26-3
Gigabit GBIC modules
Gigabit Interface Converters
GigaStack GBIC
fast transition of redundant link 17-5
global configuration mode 2-2
graphs, bandwidth 3-9
guide
audience xxxiii
purpose of xxxiii
H
hardware, determining ACL configuration fit 27-45
HC (candidate switch) 6-22
hello time
MSTP 16-19
STP 15-21
help, for the command line 2-3
Help Contents 3-26
history
changing the buffer size 2-5
described 2-5
disabling 2-6
recalling commands 2-6
history table, level and number of syslog messages 25-10
host name list, CMS 3-28
host names
abbreviations appended to 6-22
in clusters 6-16
hosts, limit on dynamic ports 11-34
Hot Standby Router Protocol
HP OpenView 1-7
HSRP
authentication string 31-8
automatic cluster recovery 6-15
binding to cluster group 31-10
cluster standby group considerations 6-13
command-switch redundancy 1-3
default configuration 31-4
definition 31-1
monitoring 31-10
overview 31-1
priority 31-6
routing redundancy 1-6
timers 31-8
tracking 31-7
See also clusters, cluster standby group, and standby command switch
I
IBPG 30-44
ICMP
redirect messages 30-11
support for 1-6
time exceeded messages 36-13
traceroute and 36-13
unreachable messages 27-6
unreachables and ACLs 27-6
ICMP ping
executing 36-11
overview 36-11
ICMP Router Discovery Protocol
icons
colors
cluster tree 3-6
Topology view 3-13
Front Panel view 3-7
toolbar 3-20
Topology view 3-12
IDS, using with SPAN and RSPAN 23-2
IE2100
CNS embedded agents
described 5-5
enabling automated configuration 5-6
enabling configuration agent 5-9
enabling event agent 5-8
Configuration Registrar
configID, deviceID, hostname 5-3
configuration service 5-2
described 5-1
event service 5-3
described 1-7
support for 1-2
IEEE 802.1P 13-1
IFS 1-2
IGMP
configuring the switch
as a member of a group 33-34
statically connected member 33-36
controlling access to groups 33-35
default configuration 33-31
deleting cache entries 33-58
displaying groups 33-58
fast switching 33-37
host-query interval, modifying 33-36
joining multicast group 19-2
join messages 19-2
leave processing, enabling 19-9
leaving multicast group 19-4
multicast reachability 33-34
overview 33-3
queries 19-3
support for 1-2
Version 1
changing to Version 2 33-32
hosts joining a group 33-3
hosts leaving a group 33-3
membership queries 33-3
overview 33-3
query-response model 33-3
Version 2
changing to Version 1 33-32
enhancements over Version 1 33-4
hosts leaving a group 33-4
maximum query response time value 33-33
new features 33-4
overview 33-4
pruning groups 33-33
query timeout value 33-32
IGMP filtering
configuring 19-21
default configuration 19-21
described 19-21
monitoring 19-24
IGMP groups, setting the maximum number 19-23
IGMP profile
applying 19-22
configuration mode 19-21
configuring 19-21
IGMP snooping
configuring 19-5
default configuration 19-6
definition 19-1
enabling and disabling 19-6
global configuration 19-6
Immediate Leave 19-4
method 19-7
monitoring 19-10
support for 1-2
VLAN configuration 19-6
IGP 30-29
IGRP
advertisements 30-24
alternate routes 30-25
configuring 30-26
default configuration 30-25
described 30-24
exterior routes 30-24
flash updates 30-25
interior routes 30-24
load balancing 30-25
poison-reverse updates 30-25
split horizon 30-28
support for 1-6
system routes 30-24
traffic sharing 30-26
unequal-cost load balancing 30-25
Immediate-Leave, IGMP 19-4
Intelligence Engine 2100 Series CNS Agents
interaction modes, CMS 3-25
interface
number 10-7
range macros 10-10
interface command 10-7
interface configuration mode 2-3
interfaces
configuration guidelines 10-13
configuring 10-7
configuring duplex mode 10-13
configuring speed 10-13
counters, clearing 10-21
described 10-17
descriptive name, adding 10-17
displaying information about 10-19
flow control 10-15
management 1-7
monitoring 10-19
naming 10-17
physical, identifying 10-7
range of 10-8
restarting 10-22
shutting down 10-22
supported 10-7
types of 10-1
interfaces range macro command 10-10
Interior Gateway Protocol
Interior Gateway Routing Protocol
interior routes, IGRP 30-24
internal BGP
internal neighbors, BGP 30-48
Internet Control Message Protocol
Internet Group Management Protocol
Inter-Switch Link
Intrusion Detection System
inventory, cluster 6-23
IOS File System
ip access-group command 27-21
IP ACLs
applying to an interface 27-19
extended, creating 27-11
for QoS classification 28-7
implicit deny 27-10, 27-14, 27-16
implicit masks 27-10
logging 27-16
named 27-15
standard, creating 27-9
undefined 27-21
virtual terminal lines, setting on 27-19
IP addresses
classes of 30-5
cluster access 6-2
command switch 6-3, 6-13, 6-16
default configuration 30-4
for IP routing 30-4
MAC address association 30-8
monitoring 30-17
redundant clusters 6-13
standby command switch 6-13, 6-16
IP broadcast address 30-15
ip cef command 30-76
IP directed broadcasts 30-13
ip igmp profile command 19-21
IP information
assigned
manually 4-10
through DHCP-based autoconfiguration 4-3
default configuration 4-3
IP multicast routing
addresses
all-hosts 33-1
all-multicast-routers 33-1
all-PIM-routers 33-10
Cisco-RP-Announce 33-8
Cisco-RP-Discovery 33-8
host group address range 33-1
administratively-scoped boundaries, described 33-42
Auto-RP
adding to an existing sparse-mode cloud 33-19
benefits of 33-18
clearing the cache 33-58
configuration guidelines 33-15
IOS release 33-5
overview 33-8
preventing candidate RP spoofing 33-21
preventing join messages to false RPs 33-20
setting up in a new internetwork 33-19
using with BSR 33-27
bootstrap router
configuration guidelines 33-15
configuring candidate BSRs 33-25
configuring candidate RPs 33-26
defining the IP multicast boundary 33-24
defining the PIM domain border 33-22
IOS release 33-5
overview 33-8
using with Auto-RP 33-27
Cisco implementation 33-2
configuring
basic multicast routing 33-15
IP multicast boundary 33-42
TTL threshold 33-40
default configuration 33-13
enabling
multicast forwarding 33-15
PIM mode 33-16
group-to-RP mappings
Auto-RP 33-8
BSR 33-8
MBONE
deleting sdr cache entries 33-58
described 33-39
displaying sdr cache 33-59
enabling sdr listener support 33-39
limiting DVMRP routes advertised 33-53
limiting sdr cache entry lifetime 33-39
SAP packets for conference session announcement 33-39
Session Directory (sdr) tool, described 33-39
monitoring
packet rate loss 33-59
peering devices 33-59
tracing a path 33-59
multicast forwarding, described 33-9
PIMv1 and PIMv2 interoperability 33-14
protocol interaction 33-2
reverse path check (RPF) 33-9
routing table
deleting 33-58
displaying 33-58
RP
assigning manually 33-17
configuring Auto-RP 33-18
configuring PIMv2 BSR 33-22
monitoring mapping information 33-27
using Auto-RP and BSR 33-27
statistics, displaying system and network 33-58
TTL thresholds, described 33-40
IP phones
and QoS 13-1
automatic classification and queueing 28-17
configuring 13-3
trusted boundary for QoS 28-32
IP precedence 28-2
IP-precedence-to-DSCP map for QoS 28-52
IP protocols
in ACLs 27-12
routing 1-6
IP routes, monitoring 30-89
IP routing
connecting interfaces with 10-6
enabling 30-18
IP traceroute
executing 36-13
overview 36-13
IP unicast routing
address resolution 30-8
administrative distances 30-77, 30-87
ARP 30-8
assigning IP addresses to Layer 3 interfaces 30-6
authentication keys 30-88
broadcast
address 30-15
flooding 30-16
packets 30-13
storms 30-13
classless routing 30-7
configuring static routes 30-77
default
addressing configuration 30-4
gateways 30-11
networks 30-78
routes 30-78
routing 30-2
directed broadcasts 30-13
dynamic routing 30-2
enabling 30-18
EtherChannel Layer 3 interface 30-3
IGP 30-29
inter-VLAN 30-2
IP addressing
classes 30-5
configuring 30-4
IRDP 30-12
Layer 3 interfaces 30-3
MAC address and IP address 30-8
passive interfaces 30-85
protocols
distance-vector 30-2
dynamic 30-2
link-state 30-2
proxy ARP 30-8
redistribution 30-79
reverse address resolution 30-8
routed ports 30-3
static routing 30-2
steps to configure 30-3
subnet mask 30-5
subnet zero 30-6
supernet 30-7
UDP 30-15
with SVIs 30-3
ip unreachables command 27-6
IRDP
configuring 30-12
definition 30-12
support for 1-6
ISL
and trunk ports 10-3
trunking with 802.1 tunneling 14-4
trunk mode 3-10
J
Java plug-in configuration 3-1, 6-1
join messages, IGMP 19-2
K
KDC
described 8-32
Kerberos
authenticating to
boundary switch 8-35
KDC 8-35
network services 8-35
configuration examples 8-32
configuring 8-35
credentials 8-32
described 8-32
KDC 8-32
operation 8-34
realm 8-33
server 8-33
switch as trusted third party 8-32
terms 8-33
TGT 8-34
tickets 8-32
key distribution center
L
l2protocol-tunnel command 14-11
LACP
Layer 2 frames, classification with CoS 28-2
Layer 2 interfaces, default configuration 10-12
Layer 2 protocol tunneling
configuring 14-9
default configuration 14-9
defined 14-7
guidelines 14-10
Layer 2 traceroute
and ARP 36-16
and CDP 36-15
described 36-15
IP addresses and subnets 36-16
MAC addresses and VLANs 36-15
multicast traffic 36-15
multiple devices on a port 36-16
supported switches 36-15
unicast traffic 36-15
usage guidelines 36-15
Layer 2 trunks 11-16
Layer 3 features 1-6
Layer 3 interfaces
assigning IP addresses to 30-6
changing from Layer 2 mode 30-6
types of 30-3
Layer 3 packets, classification methods 28-2
LDAP 5-2
leave processing, IGMP 19-9
LEDs
port 3-9
RPS 3-8
legend, CMS icons and labels 3-20
lightweight directory access protocol
line configuration mode 2-3
Link Aggregation Control Protocol
link labels 3-13
link pop-up menu, Topology view 3-22
links, unidirectional 22-1
link state advertisements (LSAs) 30-33
link-state protocols 30-2
lists, CMS 3-29
load balancing, IGRP 30-25
logging messages, ACL 27-10
login authentication
with RADIUS 8-23
with TACACS+ 8-14
login banners 7-18
log messages
long-distance, high-bandwidth transport configuration example 1-18
Long-Reach Ethernet (LRE) technology 1-10
loop guard
described 17-13
enabling 17-21
support for 1-3
LRE profiles, considerations in switch clusters 6-18
M
mac access-group command 27-28
MAC ACLs and Layer 2 interfaces 27-28
MAC addresses
adding
sticky secure 20-8
aging time 7-22
and VLAN association 7-21
building the address table 7-21
default configuration 7-22
displaying 7-26
dynamic
learning 7-21
removing 7-22
in ACLs 27-26
IP address association 30-8
static
adding 7-25
characteristics of 7-25
removing 7-25
MAC address multicast entries, monitoring 19-11
MAC address-to-VLAN mapping 11-27
MAC extended access lists 27-26, 28-5, 28-38
MAN
CWDM configuration example 1-18
long-distance, high-bandwidth transport configuration example 1-18
manageability features 1-2
management options
benefits
clustering 1-8
CMS 1-8
CLI 2-1
CMS 3-1
CNS 5-1
overview 1-7
management VLAN
considerations in switch clusters 6-8, 6-9
discovery through different management VLANs 6-9
discovery through same management VLAN 6-8
mapping tables for QoS
configuring
CoS-to-DSCP 28-52
CoS-to-egress-queue 28-57
DSCP 28-51
DSCP-to-CoS 28-54
DSCP-to-DSCP-mutation 28-55
DSCP-to-threshold 28-60
IP-precedence-to-DSCP 28-52
policed-DSCP 28-53
described 28-10
marking
action in policy map 28-43
action with aggregate policers 28-49
matching, ACLs 27-8
maximum aging time
MSTP 16-21
STP 15-22
maximum hop count, MSTP 16-21
maximum-paths command 30-51, 30-76
membership mode, VLAN port 11-3
member switch
adding 6-20
automatic discovery 6-5
defined 6-2
managing 6-24
passwords 6-16
recovering from lost connectivity 36-10
requirements 6-4
See also candidate switch, cluster standby group, and standby command switch
memory, optimizing 7-26
menu bar
described 3-14
variations 3-15
messages
logging ACL violations 27-16
system 3-19
to users through banners 7-18
metrics, in BGP 30-52
metric translations, between routing protocols 30-82
metropolitan-area networks
metro tags 14-2
MIBs
accessing files with FTP A-3
location of files A-3
overview 26-1
SNMP interaction with 26-4
supported A-1
minimum-reserve levels
assigning to a queue 28-15, 28-66
configuring the buffer size 28-16, 28-65
default size 28-15
mini-point-of-presence
mirroring traffic for analysis 23-1
mismatches, autonegotiation 36-10
Mode button 3-9
modes, port 3-9
modules, GBIC
1000BASE-LX/LH 1-11
1000BASE-SX 1-11
1000BASE-T 1-11
1000BASE-ZX 1-11
CWDM 1-18
GigaStack 1-10
monitoring
802.1Q tunneling 14-12
access groups 27-41
ACL
configuration 27-41
configuration conflicts 27-44
fit in hardware 27-45
information 27-41
BGP 30-63
cables for unidirectional links 22-1
CDP 21-5
CEF 30-76
EIGRP 30-43
fallback bridging 35-12
features 1-6
HSRP 31-10
IGMP
filters 19-24
snooping 19-10
interfaces 10-19
IP
address tables 30-17
multicast routing 33-57
routes 30-89
Layer 2 protocol tunneling 14-12
MSDP peers 34-19
multicast router interfaces 19-11
multi-VRF CE 30-75
MVR 19-19
network traffic for analysis with probe 23-1
OSPF 30-37
port
blocking 20-16
protection 20-16
RP mapping information 33-27
source-active messages 34-19
speed and duplex mode 10-14
traffic flowing among switches 24-1
traffic suppression 20-16
tunneling 14-12
VLAN
filters 27-42
maps 27-42
VLANs 11-15
VMPS 11-33
VTP 12-15
MSDP
and dense-mode regions
sending SA messages to 34-17
specifying the originating address 34-18
benefits of 34-3
clearing MSDP connections and statistics 34-19
controlling source information
forwarded by switch 34-12
originated by switch 34-8
received by switch 34-14
default configuration 34-4
filtering
incoming SA messages 34-14
SA messages to a peer 34-12
SA requests from a peer 34-11
join latency, defined 34-6
meshed groups
configuring 34-16
defined 34-16
originating address, changing 34-18
overview 34-1
peer-RPF flooding 34-2
peers
configuring a default 34-4
monitoring 34-19
peering relationship, overview 34-1
requesting source information from 34-8
shutting down 34-16
source-active messages
caching 34-6
clearing cache entries 34-19
defined 34-2
filtering from a peer 34-11
filtering incoming 34-14
filtering to a peer 34-12
limiting data with TTL 34-14
monitoring 34-19
restricting advertised sources 34-9
MSTP
boundary ports
configuration guidelines 16-13
described 16-5
BPDU filtering
described 17-3
enabling 17-16
BPDU guard
described 17-3
enabling 17-15
CIST, described 16-3
configuration guidelines 16-12, 17-14
configuring
forward-delay time 16-20
hello time 16-19
link type for rapid convergence 16-22
maximum aging time 16-21
maximum hop count 16-21
MST region 16-13
path cost 16-18
port priority 16-17
root switch 16-14
secondary root switch 16-16
switch priority 16-19
CST
defined 16-3
operations between regions 16-4
default configuration 16-12
default optional feature configuration 17-14
displaying status 16-23
enabling the mode 16-13
EtherChannel guard
described 17-12
enabling 17-20
extended system ID
effects on root switch 16-14
effects on secondary root switch 16-16
unexpected behavior 16-15
instances supported 15-9
interface state, blocking to forwarding 17-2
interoperability and compatibility among modes 15-10
interoperability with 802.1D
described 16-5
restarting migration process 16-22
IST
defined 16-3
master 16-3
operations within a region 16-3
loop guard
described 17-13
enabling 17-21
mapping VLANs to MST instance 16-13
MST region
CIST 16-3
configuring 16-13
described 16-2
hop-count mechanism 16-5
IST 16-3
supported spanning-tree instances 16-2
optional features supported 1-3
overview 16-2
Port Fast
described 17-2
enabling 17-14
preventing root switch selection 17-12
root guard
described 17-12
enabling 17-21
root switch
configuring 16-15
effects of extended system ID 16-14
unexpected behavior 16-15
shutdown Port Fast-enabled port 17-3
multicast groups
and IGMP snooping 19-5
Immediate Leave 19-4
joining 19-2
leaving 19-4
static joins 19-8
multicast packets
ACLs on 27-40
blocking 20-6
multicast router interfaces, monitoring 19-11
multicast router ports, adding 19-8
Multicast Source Discovery Protocol
multicast storm-control command 20-3
multicast storms 20-1
Multicast VLAN Registration
Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol
multiple VPN routing/forwarding in customer edge devices
multi-VRF CE
configuration example 30-71
configuration guidelines 30-68
configuring 30-67
default configuration 30-67
defined 30-65
displaying 30-75
monitoring 30-75
network components 30-67
packet-forwarding process 30-67
support for 1-6
MVR
configuring interfaces 19-17
default configuration 19-15
described 19-13
modes 19-17
monitoring 19-19
setting global parameters 19-16
support for 1-2
N
named IP ACLs 27-15
NameSpace Mapper
native VLAN
and 802.1Q tunneling 14-4
configuring 11-23
default 11-23
negotiate trunk mode 3-10
neighbor discovery/recovery, EIGRP 30-38
neighbors, BGP 30-58
network configuration examples
increasing network performance 1-9
large network 1-15
long-distance, high-bandwidth transport 1-18
providing network services 1-10
small to medium-sized network 1-13
network design
performance 1-9
services 1-10
network management
CDP 21-1
RMON 24-1
SNMP 26-1
Network Time Protocol
no commands 2-4
non-IP traffic filtering 27-26
nontrunking mode 11-17
normal-range VLANs
configuration modes 11-6
defined 11-1
no switchport command 10-5
note, described xxxiv
not-so-stubby areas
NSM 5-3
NSSA, OSPF 30-33
NTP
associations
authenticating 7-4
defined 7-2
enabling broadcast messages 7-6
peer 7-5
server 7-5
default configuration 7-4
displaying the configuration 7-10
overview 7-2
restricting access
creating an access group 7-8
disabling NTP services per interface 7-9
source IP address, configuring 7-9
stratum 7-2
support for 1-2
synchronizing devices 7-5
time
services 7-2
synchronizing 7-2
O
OADM modules
online help 3-26
Open Shortest Path First
optical add/drop multiplexer modules
optimizing system resources 7-26
options, management 1-7
OSPF
area parameters, configuring 30-33
configuring 30-31
default configuration
metrics 30-34
route 30-34
settings 30-30
described 30-29
interface parameters, configuring 30-32
LSA group pacing 30-36
monitoring 30-37
router IDs 30-36
route summarization 30-34
support for 1-6
virtual links 30-34
out-of-profile markdown 1-5
output interface, getting information about 36-20
overheating indication, switch 3-6
P
packet modification, with QoS 28-17
PAgP
parallel paths, in routing tables 30-76
passive interfaces
configuring 30-85
OSPF 30-34
pass-through mode 28-33
passwords
default configuration 8-2
disabling recovery of 8-5
encrypting 8-4
for security 1-4
overview 8-1
setting
enable 8-3
enable secret 8-4
Telnet 8-6
with usernames 8-7
VTP domain 12-8
path cost
MSTP 16-18
STP 15-18
PBR
defined 30-82
enabling 30-84
fast-switched policy-based routing 30-84
local policy-based routing 30-84
support for 1-6
PC (passive command switch) 6-13, 6-22
peers, BGP 30-58
performance, network design 1-9
performance features 1-2
per-VLAN spanning-tree plus
PE to CE routing, configuring 30-70
physical ports 10-2
PIM
default configuration 33-13
dense mode
(S,G) notation 33-6
graft messages 33-6
overview 33-5
pruning and SPT 33-5
rendezvous point (RP), described 33-7
RPF lookups 33-10
displaying neighbors 33-59
enabling a mode 33-16
neighbor discovery and adjacencies 33-10
overview 33-5
router-query message interval, modifying 33-30
shared tree and source tree, overview 33-28
shortest path tree, delaying the use of 33-29
sparse mode
(*,G) notation 33-7
join messages and shared tree 33-7
overview 33-7
prune messages 33-8
RPF lookups 33-10
support for 1-6
versions
interoperability 33-14
supported 33-5
troubleshooting interoperability problems 33-28
v2 improvements 33-5
PIM-DVMRP, as snooping method 19-7
ping
character output description 36-12
executing 36-11
overview 36-11
poison-reverse updates, IGRP 30-25
policed-DSCP map for QoS 28-53
policers
configuring
for each matched traffic class 28-43
for more than one traffic class 28-49
described 28-4
displaying 28-69
types of 28-8
policing
described 28-4
token bucket algorithm 28-8
policy-based routing
policy maps for QoS
characteristics of 28-43
configuring 28-43
described 28-7
displaying 28-69
POP 1-16
port ACLs
and voice VLAN 27-4
defined 27-2
limitations 27-4
Port Aggregation Protocol
port-based authentication
authentication server
defined 9-2
RADIUS server 9-2
client, defined 9-2
configuration guidelines 9-10
configuring
802.1X authentication 9-11
guest VLAN 9-17
host mode 9-17
manual re-authentication of a client 9-14
periodic re-authentication 9-14
quiet period 9-15
RADIUS server 9-14
RADIUS server parameters on the switch 9-13
switch-to-client frame-retransmission number 9-16
switch-to-client retransmission time 9-15
default configuration 9-9
described 9-1
device roles 9-2
displaying statistics 9-19
EAPOL-start frame 9-3
EAP-request/identity frame 9-3
EAP-response/identity frame 9-3
enabling
802.1X with guest VLAN 9-7
802.1X with per-user ACLs 9-8, 9-11
802.1X with port security 9-5, 9-17
802.1X with VLAN assignment 9-6, 9-11
802.1X with voice VLAN 9-6
encapsulation 9-2
initiation and message exchange 9-3
method lists 9-11
ports
authorization state and dot1x port-control command 9-4
authorized and unauthorized 9-4
resetting to default values 9-18
software upgrade changes 9-11
support for 1-4
switch
as proxy 9-2
RADIUS client 9-2
topologies, supported 9-4
port-channel
Port Fast
described 17-2
enabling 17-14
mode, spanning tree 11-30
support for 1-3
port icons, Front Panel view 3-7
port LEDs
port modes 3-9
port membership modes, VLAN 11-3
port modes, described 3-9
port pop-up menu, Front Panel view 3-22
port priority
MSTP 16-17
STP 15-17
ports
802.1Q trunk 3-10
802.1Q tunnel 11-3
access 10-3
blocking 20-6
forwarding, resuming 20-7
ISL trunk 3-10
negotiate trunk 3-10
protected 20-5
routed 10-4
secure 20-8
static-access 3-10, 11-3, 11-11
switch 10-2
VLAN assignments 11-11
port security
aging 20-14
and QoS trusted boundary 28-32
and trunk ports 20-11
configuring 20-11
default configuration 20-10
described 20-8
displaying 20-16
sticky learning 20-8
violations 20-9
with other features 20-10
port-shutdown response, VMPS 11-27
power, inline 10-14
preferential treatment of traffic
prefix lists, BGP 30-55
preventing unauthorized access 8-1
priority
HSRP 31-6
overriding CoS 13-5
trusting CoS 13-6
private VLAN edge ports
privileged EXEC mode 2-2
privilege levels
changing the default for lines 8-9
command switch 6-24
exiting 8-10
logging into 8-10
mapping on member switches 6-24
setting a command with 8-8
protocol-dependent modules, EIGRP 30-39
Protocol-Independent Multicast Protocol
provider edge devices 30-65
proxy ARP
configuring 30-10
definition 30-8
with IP routing disabled 30-11
pruning, VTP
enabling 12-13
enabling on a port 11-22
examples 12-5
overview 12-4
pruning-eligible list
changing 11-22
for VTP pruning 12-4
VLANs 12-14
publications, related xxxiv
PVRST+ 11-2
PVST+ 11-2
802.1Q trunking interoperability 15-10
described 15-9
instances supported 15-9
Q
QoS
auto-QoS
categorizing traffic 28-18
configuration and defaults display 28-22
configuration guidelines 28-20
described 28-17
displaying 28-22
effects on NVRAM configuration 28-20
egress queue defaults 28-18
enabling for VoIP 28-21
basic model 28-4
classification
class maps, described 28-7
defined 28-4
flowchart 28-6
forwarding treatment 28-3
in frames and packets 28-3
MAC ACLs, described 28-5, 28-7
pass-through mode, described 28-33
per physical port 28-39
per-port per-VLAN 28-41
policy maps, described 28-7
port default, described 28-5
trust DSCP, described 28-5
trusted CoS, described 28-5
trust IP precedence, described 28-5
types for IP traffic 28-5
types for non-IP traffic 28-5
class maps
configuring per physical port 28-39
configuring per-port per-VLAN 28-41
displaying 28-69
configuration examples
distribution layer 28-72
existing wiring closet 28-70
intelligent wiring closet 28-71
configuration guidelines
auto-QoS 28-20
standard QoS 28-26
configuring
aggregate policers 28-49
auto-QoS 28-17
default port CoS value 28-31
DSCP maps 28-51
DSCP trust states bordering another domain 28-34
egress queues on 10/100 Ethernet ports 28-64
egress queues on Gigabit-capable Ethernet ports 28-57
IP extended ACLs 28-37
IP standard ACLs 28-36
MAC ACLs 28-38
pass-through mode 28-33
policy maps 28-43
port trust states within the domain 28-29
trusted boundary 28-32
default auto configuration 28-18
default standard configuration 28-25
displaying statistics 28-69
enabling globally 28-28
flowcharts
classification 28-6
policing and marking 28-10
queueing and scheduling 28-12, 28-15
implicit deny 28-7
IP phones
automatic classification and queueing 28-17
detection and trusted settings 28-17, 28-32
mapping tables
CoS-to-DSCP 28-52
CoS-to-egress-queue 28-57
displaying 28-69
DSCP-to-CoS 28-54
DSCP-to-DSCP-mutation 28-55
DSCP-to-threshold 28-60
IP-precedence-to-DSCP 28-52
policed-DSCP 28-53
types of 28-10
marked-down actions 28-46
overview 28-2
packet modification 28-17
pass-through mode 28-33
policers
described 28-8
displaying 28-69
number of 28-9
types of 28-8
policies, attaching to an interface 28-9
policing
token bucket algorithm 28-8
policy maps
characteristics of 28-43
configuring 28-43
displaying 28-69
queueing, defined 28-4
queues
CoS-to-egress-queue map 28-57
for 10/100 Ethernet ports 28-15
high priority (expedite) 28-13, 28-62
minimum-reserve levels 28-65
size ratios 28-58
tail-drop threshold percentages 28-13, 28-59
WRED drop-percentage thresholds 28-13, 28-61
WRR scheduling 28-63
scheduling
allocating bandwidth on 10/100 Ethernet ports 28-67
allocating bandwidth on Gigabit-capable ports 28-63
defined 28-4
support for 1-5
tail drop
configuring drop threshold percentages 28-59
described 28-13
trust states
bordering another domain 28-34
described 28-5
trusted device 28-32
within the domain 28-29
WRED
configuring drop-percentage thresholds 28-61
described 28-14
WRR scheduling 28-63
quality of service
queries, IGMP 19-3
R
RADIUS
attributes
vendor-proprietary 8-31
vendor-specific 8-29
configuring
accounting 8-28
authentication 8-23
authorization 8-27
communication, global 8-21, 8-29
communication, per-server 8-20, 8-21
multiple UDP ports 8-21
default configuration 8-20
defining AAA server groups 8-25
displaying the configuration 8-31
identifying the server 8-20
in clusters 6-17
limiting the services to the user 8-27
method list, defined 8-20
operation of 8-19
overview 8-18
suggested network environments 8-18
tracking services accessed by user 8-28
Random Early Detection, described 28-14
range
macro 10-10
of interfaces 10-8
rapid convergence 16-7
rapid per-VLAN spanning-tree plus
rapid PVST+
802.1Q trunking interoperability 15-10
described 15-9
instances supported 15-9
rapid-PVST+ 11-2
Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol
RARP 30-8
rcommand command 6-24
RCP
configuration files
downloading B-16
overview B-15
preparing the server B-15
uploading B-17
image files
deleting old image B-31
downloading B-29
preparing the server B-28
uploading B-31
reconfirmation interval, VMPS, changing 11-32
recovery procedures 36-1
redundancy
EtherChannel 29-2
features 1-3
HSRP 31-1
STP
backbone 15-7
multidrop backbone 17-5
path cost 11-25
port priority 11-23
redundant clusters
redundant links and UplinkFast 17-18
reliable transport protocol, EIGRP 30-38
reloading software 4-17
Remote Authentication Dial-In User Service
Remote Copy Protocol
Remote Network Monitoring
resets, in BGP 30-50
resetting a UDLD-shutdown interface 22-5
restricting access
NTP services 7-7
overview 8-1
passwords and privilege levels 8-2
RADIUS 8-18
TACACS+ 8-10
retry count, VMPS, changing 11-33
reverse address resolution 30-8
Reverse Address Resolution Protocol
RFC
1058, RIP 30-19
1112, IP multicast and IGMP 19-2
1157, SNMPv1 26-2
1163, BGP 30-44
1166, IP addresses 30-5
1253, OSPF 30-29
1267, BGP 30-44
1305, NTP 7-2
1587, NSSAs 30-29
1757, RMON 24-2
1771, BGP 30-44
1901, SNMPv2C 26-2
1902 to 1907, SNMPv2 26-2
2236, IP multicast and IGMP 19-2
2273-2275, SNMPv3 26-2
RIP
advertisements 30-19
authentication 30-22
configuring 30-20
default configuration 30-19
described 30-19
hop counts 30-19
split horizon 30-22
summary addresses 30-22
support for 1-6
RMON
default configuration 24-3
displaying status 24-6
enabling alarms and events 24-3
groups supported 24-2
overview 24-1
statistics
collecting group Ethernet 24-5
collecting group history 24-5
support for 1-6
root guard
described 17-12
enabling 17-21
support for 1-3
root switch
MSTP 16-14
STP 15-14
route calculation timers, OSPF 30-35
route dampening, BGP 30-62
routed packets, ACLs on 27-39
routed ports
configuring 30-3
defined 10-4
in switch clusters 6-11
route-map command
for policy-based routing 30-84
route maps
policy-based routing, defined 30-83
route maps, BGP 30-53
router ACLs 27-2
route reflectors, BGP 30-61
router ID, OSPF 30-36
route selection, BGP 30-51
route summarization, OSPF 30-34
route targets, VPN 30-67
routing
default 30-2
dynamic 30-2
redistribution of information 30-79
static 30-2
routing domain confederation, BGP 30-60
Routing Information Protocol
routing protocol administrative distances 30-77
RSPAN
configuration guidelines 23-16
default configuration 23-8
destination ports 23-5
displaying status 23-23
IDS 23-2
interaction with other features 23-7
monitored ports 23-4
monitoring ports 23-5
received traffic 23-3
reflector port 23-5
session limits 23-8
sessions
creating 23-17
defined 23-3
limiting source traffic to specific VLANs 23-22
monitoring VLANs 23-21
removing source (monitored) ports 23-20
specifying monitored ports 23-17
source ports 23-4
transmitted traffic 23-4
VLAN-based 23-6
RSTP
active topology, determining 16-6
BPDU
format 16-9
processing 16-10
designated port, defined 16-6
designated switch, defined 16-6
interoperability with 802.1D
described 16-5
restarting migration process 16-22
topology changes 16-10
overview 16-6
port roles
described 16-6
synchronized 16-8
proposal-agreement handshake process 16-7
rapid convergence
described 16-7
edge ports and Port Fast 16-7
point-to-point links 16-7, 16-22
root ports 16-7
root port, defined 16-6
running configuration, saving 4-10
S
SC (standby command switch) 6-13, 6-22
scheduled reloads 4-17
SDM
configuring 7-29
described 7-26
templates
number of 7-26
resources used for Fast Ethernet switches 7-27
resources used for Gigabit Ethernet switches 7-27
sdm prefer extended-match command 30-68
secure ports, configuring 20-8
secure remote connections 8-37
Secure Shell
security, port 20-8
security features 1-4
sequence numbers in log messages 25-8
server mode, VTP 12-3
service-provider network
DHCP option 82 18-1
MSTP and RSTP 16-1
service-provider networks
and 802.1Q tunneling 14-1
and customer VLANs 14-2
Layer 2 protocols across 14-7
set-request operation 26-4
setup program, failed command switch replacement 36-7, 36-8
severity levels, defining in system messages 25-8
show access-lists hw-summary command 27-7
show cdp traffic command 21-5
show cluster members command 6-24
show configuration command 10-17
show fm command 27-43
show forward command 36-19
show interfaces command 10-14, 10-17
show l2protocol command 14-11
show mac access-group command 27-28
show running-config command
displaying ACLs 27-20, 27-30, 27-33
interface description in 10-17
show tcam command 27-43
shutdown command on interfaces 10-22
shutdown threshold for Layer 2 protocol packets 14-9
Simple Network Management Protocol
SNAP 21-1
SNMP
accessing MIB variables with 26-4
agent
described 26-4
disabling 26-7
community strings
configuring 26-7
for cluster switches 26-4
overview 26-4
configuration examples 26-16
default configuration 26-6
groups 26-9
in-band management 1-3
in clusters 6-17
informs
and trap keyword 26-11
described 26-5
differences from traps 26-5
enabling 26-13
limiting access by TFTP servers 26-15
limiting system log messages to NMS 25-10
managing clusters with 6-25
MIBs
location of A-3
supported A-1
notifications 26-5
status, displaying 26-17
system contact and location 26-15
trap manager, configuring 26-12, 26-14
traps
differences from informs 26-5
enabling MAC address notification 7-23
types of 26-11
users 26-9
versions supported 26-2
snooping, IGMP 19-1
software images
location in Flash B-19
recovery procedures 36-2
scheduling reloads 4-17
tar file format, described B-19
See also downloading and uploading
source addresses, in ACLs 27-12
SPAN
configuration guidelines 23-8
default configuration 23-8
destination ports 23-5
displaying status 23-23
IDS 23-2
interaction with other features 23-7
monitored ports 23-4
monitoring ports 23-5
received traffic 23-3
session limits 23-8
sessions
creating 23-9
defined 23-3
limiting source traffic to specific VLANs 23-15
monitoring VLANs 23-14
removing destination (monitoring) ports 23-13
removing source (monitored) ports 23-13
specifying monitored ports 23-9
source ports 23-4
transmitted traffic 23-4
VLAN-based 23-6
spanning tree and native VLANs 11-18
Spanning Tree Protocol
speed, configuring on interfaces 10-13
split horizon
IGRP 30-28
RIP 30-22
SSH
configuring 8-38
cryptographic software image 8-37
described 8-37
displaying settings 8-38
Stack Membership Discovery Protocol 17-6
Standby Command Configuration window 6-23
standby command switch
considerations 6-13
defined 6-2
priority 6-13
requirements 6-3
virtual IP address 6-13
See also cluster standby group and HSRP
standby group, cluster
See cluster standby group and HSRP
standby ip command 31-5
standby router 31-1
standby timers, HSRP 31-8
startup configuration
booting
manually 4-13
specific image 4-14
clearing B-18
configuration file
automatically downloading 4-12
specifying the filename 4-13
default boot configuration 4-12
static access mode 3-10
static access ports
assigning to VLAN 11-11
static addresses
static IP routing 1-6
static MAC addressing 1-4
static routes, configuring 30-77
static routing 30-2
static VLAN membership 11-2
statistics
802.1X 9-19
CDP 21-5
interface 10-20
IP multicast routing 33-58
OSPF 30-37
QoS ingress and egress 28-69
RMON group Ethernet 24-5
RMON group history 24-5
SNMP input and output 26-17
VTP 12-15
sticky learning
configuration file 20-8
defined 20-8
disabling 20-8
enabling 20-8
saving addresses 20-8
storm control
configuring 20-3
described 20-1
displaying 20-16
thresholds 20-2
STP
accelerating root port selection 17-4
BackboneFast
described 17-10
enabling 17-20
BPDU filtering
described 17-3
enabling 17-16
BPDU guard
described 17-3
enabling 17-15
BPDU message exchange 15-2
configuration guidelines 15-12, 17-14
configuring
forward-delay time 15-22
hello time 15-21
in cascaded stack 15-23
maximum aging time 15-22
path cost 15-18
port priority 15-17
root switch 15-14
secondary root switch 15-16
spanning-tree mode 15-13
switch priority 15-20
counters, clearing 15-24
cross-stack UplinkFast
described 17-5
enabling 17-19
default configuration 15-11
default optional feature configuration 17-14
designated port, defined 15-3
designated switch, defined 15-3
detecting indirect link failures 17-10
disabling 15-14
displaying status 15-24
EtherChannel guard
described 17-12
enabling 17-20
extended system ID
affects on root switch 15-14
affects on the secondary root switch 15-16
overview 15-3
unexpected behavior 15-15
features supported 1-3
inferior BPDU 15-3
instances supported 15-9
interface state, blocking to forwarding 17-2
interface states
blocking 15-5
disabled 15-6
learning 15-6
listening 15-6
overview 15-4
interoperability and compatibility among modes 15-10
Layer 2 protocol tunneling 14-7
limitations with 802.1Q trunks 15-10
load sharing
overview 11-23
using path costs 11-25
using port priorities 11-24
loop guard
described 17-13
enabling 17-21
modes supported 15-9
multicast addresses, affect of 15-8
optional features supported 1-3
overview 15-2
Port Fast
described 17-2
enabling 17-14
port priorities 11-24
preventing root switch selection 17-12
protocols supported 15-9
redundant connectivity 15-7
root guard
described 17-12
enabling 17-21
root port, defined 15-3
root switch
affects of extended system ID 15-3, 15-14
configuring 15-14
election 15-3
unexpected behavior 15-15
settings in a cascaded stack 15-23
shutdown Port Fast-enabled port 17-3
superior BPDU 15-3
timers, described 15-20
UplinkFast
described 17-4
enabling 17-18
VLAN-bridge 15-10
stratum, NTP 7-2
stub areas, OSPF 30-33
subnet mask 30-5
subnet zero 30-6
summer time 7-13
SunNet Manager 1-7
supernet 30-7
SVIs
and IP unicast routing 30-3
and router ACLs 27-3
connecting VLANs 10-6
defined 10-4
routing between VLANs 11-2
switch console port 1-3
switched packets, ACLs on 27-37
switched ports 10-2
Switch Manager 3-5
switchport block multicast command 20-6
switchport block unicast command 20-6
switchport command 10-11
switchport mode dot1q-tunnel command 14-6
switchport protected command 20-5
switch priority
MSTP 16-19
STP 15-20
switch software features 1-1
switch virtual interface
synchronization, BGP 30-48
syslog
system clock
configuring
daylight saving time 7-13
manually 7-11
summer time 7-13
time zones 7-12
displaying the time and date 7-11
overview 7-1
System Database Management
system message logging
default configuration 25-3
defining error message severity levels 25-8
disabling 25-4
displaying the configuration 25-12
enabling 25-4
facility keywords, described 25-12
level keywords, described 25-9
limiting messages 25-10
message format 25-2
overview 25-1
sequence numbers, enabling and disabling 25-8
setting the display destination device 25-4
synchronizing log messages 25-6
syslog facility 1-6
timestamps, enabling and disabling 25-7
UNIX syslog servers
configuring the daemon 25-11
configuring the logging facility 25-11
facilities supported 25-12
system messages on CMS 3-19
system MTU
802.1Q tunneling 14-5
maximums 14-5
system name
default configuration 7-15
default setting 7-15
manual configuration 7-15
system prompt
default setting 7-15
manual configuration 7-16
system resource templates 7-26
system routes, IGRP 30-24
T
tables, CMS 3-29
tabs, CMS 3-29
TACACS+
accounting, defined 8-11
authentication, defined 8-11
authorization, defined 8-11
configuring
accounting 8-17
authentication key 8-13
authorization 8-16
login authentication 8-14
default configuration 8-13
displaying the configuration 8-17
identifying the server 8-13
in clusters 6-17
limiting the services to the user 8-16
operation of 8-12
overview 8-10
support for 1-5
tracking services accessed by user 8-17
tagged packets
802.1Q 14-3
Layer 2 protocol 14-7
tail drop
described 28-13
support for 1-6
tar files
creating B-5
displaying the contents of B-6
extracting B-7
image file format B-19
TCAMs
ACL regions 27-47
ACLs not loading in 27-45
allocations, monitoring 27-48
monitoring usage 27-47
Telnet
accessing management interfaces 2-10
from a browser 2-10
number of connections 1-3
setting a password 8-6
templates, system resources 7-26
Terminal Access Controller Access Control System Plus
terminal lines, setting a password 8-6
ternary content addressable memory. See TCAM
TFTP
configuration files
downloading B-10
preparing the server B-10
uploading B-11
configuration files in base directory 4-6
configuring for autoconfiguration 4-5
image files
deleting B-22
downloading B-21
preparing the server B-20
uploading B-23
limiting access by servers 26-15
TFTP server 1-2
threshold, traffic level 20-2
time
time-range command 27-17
time ranges in ACLs 27-17
timestamps in log messages 25-7
time zones 7-12
Token Ring VLANs
support for 11-5
VTP support 12-4
toolbar 3-20
tool tips 3-26
Topology view
device icons 3-13
device labels 3-13
display options 3-14
icons 3-12
link labels 3-13
TOS 1-5
traceroute, Layer 2
and ARP 36-16
and CDP 36-15
described 36-15
IP addresses and subnets 36-16
MAC addresses and VLANs 36-15
multicast traffic 36-15
multiple devices on a port 36-16
supported switches 36-15
unicast traffic 36-15
usage guidelines 36-15
traceroute command 36-13
traffic
blocking flooded 20-6
fragmented 27-5
unfragmented 27-5
traffic policing 1-5
traffic suppression 20-2
transparent mode, VTP 12-3, 12-11
trap-door mechanism 4-2
traps
configuring MAC address notification 7-23
configuring managers 26-11, 26-14
defined 26-3
notification types 26-11
troubleshooting
connectivity problems 36-11
detecting unidirectional links 22-1
determining packet disposition 36-19
displaying crash information 36-20
GBIC security and identification 36-10
PIMv1 and PIMv2 interoperability problems 33-28
show forward command 36-19
with CiscoWorks 26-4
with debug commands 36-16
with ping 36-11
with system message logging 25-1
with traceroute 36-13
trunking encapsulation 1-4
trunk ports
configuring 11-20
encapsulation 11-20, 11-24, 11-26
trunks
allowed-VLAN list 11-21
configuring 11-20, 11-24, 11-26
ISL 11-16
load sharing
setting STP path costs 11-25
using STP port priorities 11-23, 11-24
native VLAN for untagged traffic 11-23
parallel 11-25
pruning-eligible list 11-22
to non-DTP device 11-16
understanding 11-16
VLAN 1 minimization 11-21
trusted boundary for QoS 28-32
tunneling
802.1Q 14-1
defined 14-1
Layer 2 protocol 14-7
tunnel ports
802.1Q, configuring 14-6
802.1Q and ACLs 27-3
defined 11-3
incompatibilities with other features 14-5
twisted-pair Ethernet, detecting unidirectional links 22-1
type-of-service
U
UDLD
default configuration 22-3
echoing detection mechanism 22-2
enabling
globally 22-4
per interface 22-4
link-detection mechanism 22-1
neighbor database 22-2
overview 22-1
resetting an interface 22-5
status, displaying 22-6
support for 1-3
UDP, configuring 30-15
unauthorized ports with 802.1X 9-4
unequal-cost load balancing, IGRP 30-25
unicast storm control command 20-4
unicast storms 20-1
unicast traffic, blocking 20-6
UniDirectional Link Detection protocol
UNIX syslog servers
daemon configuration 25-11
facilities supported 25-12
message logging configuration 25-11
unrecognized Type-Length-Value (TLV) support 12-4
upgrading software images
UplinkFast
described 17-4
enabling 17-18
support for 1-3
uploading
configuration files
reasons for B-8
using FTP B-14
using RCP B-17
using TFTP B-11
image files
reasons for B-18
using FTP B-26
using RCP B-31
using TFTP B-23
User Datagram Protocol
user EXEC mode 2-2
username-based authentication 8-7
V
version-dependent transparent mode 12-4
virtual IP address
cluster standby group 6-13, 6-22
Virtual Private Network
vlan.dat file 11-4
VLAN 1 minimization, support for 1-4
VLAN ACLs
VLAN configuration
at bootup 11-7
saving 11-7
VLAN configuration mode 2-2, 11-6
VLAN database
and startup configuration file 11-7
and VTP 12-1
VLAN configuration saved in 11-7
VLANs saved in 11-4
vlan database command 11-6
vlan dot1q tag native command 14-4
vlan global configuration command 11-6
VLAN management domain 12-2
VLAN Management Policy Server
VLAN map entries, order of 27-30
VLAN maps
applying 27-33
common uses for 27-33
configuration example 27-34
configuration guidelines 27-30
configuring 27-29
creating 27-30
defined 27-2
denying access example 27-35
denying and permitting packets 27-31
displaying 27-42
examples 27-35
support for 1-4
usage 27-4
VLAN membership
confirming 11-32
modes 11-3
VLAN Query Protocol
VLANs
adding 11-8
adding to VLAN database 11-8
aging dynamic addresses 15-8
allowed on trunk 11-21
and spanning-tree instances 11-2, 11-6, 11-13
configuration guidelines, normal-range VLANs 11-5
configuration options 11-6
configuring 11-1
configuring IDs 1006 to 4094 11-12
connecting through SVIs 10-6
creating in config-vlan mode 11-8
creating in VLAN configuration mode 11-9
customer numbering in service-provider networks 14-3
default configuration 11-7
deleting 11-10
displaying 11-15
features 1-3
illustrated 11-2
internal 11-13
limiting source traffic with RSPAN 23-22
limiting source traffic with SPAN 23-15
modifying 11-8
monitoring with RSPAN 23-21
monitoring with SPAN 23-14
native, configuring 11-23
number supported 1-4
parameters 11-4
port membership modes 11-3
static-access ports 11-11
STP and 802.1Q trunks 15-10
supported 11-2
Token Ring 11-5
traffic between 11-2
trunks, VLAN 1 minimization 11-21
VTP modes 12-3
VLAN Trunking Protocol
VLAN trunks 11-16
VMPS
administering 11-33
configuration example 11-34
configuration guidelines 11-30
default configuration 11-30
description 11-27
dynamic port membership
described 11-28
reconfirming 11-32
troubleshooting 11-34
entering server address 11-31
mapping MAC addresses to VLANs 11-27
monitoring 11-33
reconfirmation interval, changing 11-32
reconfirming membership 11-32
retry count, changing 11-33
voice VLAN
Cisco 7960 phone, port connections 13-1
configuration guidelines 13-3
configuring IP phones for data traffic
override CoS of incoming frame 13-5
trust CoS priority of incoming frame 13-6
configuring ports for voice traffic in
802.1P priority tagged frames 13-4
802.1Q frames 13-4
connecting to an IP phone 13-3
default configuration 13-2
described 13-1
displaying 13-6
VPN
configuring routing in 30-70
forwarding 30-67
in service provider networks 30-65
routes 30-65
VPN routing and forwarding table
VRF
defining 30-67
tables 30-65
VTP
adding a client to a domain 12-14
and extended-range VLANs 12-1
and normal-range VLANs 12-1
client mode, configuring 12-10
configuration
global configuration mode 12-7
guidelines 12-8
privileged EXEC mode 12-7
requirements 12-9
saving 12-7
VLAN configuration mode 12-7
configuration mode options 12-7
configuration requirements 12-9
configuration revision number
guideline 12-14
resetting 12-14
configuring
client mode 12-10
server mode 12-9
transparent mode 12-11
consistency checks 12-4
default configuration 12-6
described 12-1
disabling 12-11
domain names 12-8
domains 12-2
Layer 2 protocol tunneling 14-7
modes
transitions 12-3
monitoring 12-15
passwords 12-8
pruning
disabling 12-13
enabling 12-13
examples 12-5
overview 12-4
support for 1-4
pruning-eligible list, changing 11-22
server mode, configuring 12-9
statistics 12-15
support for 1-4
Token Ring support 12-4
transparent mode, configuring 12-11
using 12-1
version, guidelines 12-8
version 1 12-4
version 2
configuration guidelines 12-8
disabling 12-13
enabling 12-12
overview 12-4
W
WCCP
authentication 32-4
configuration guidelines 32-5
default configuration 32-5
described 32-2
displaying 32-9
enabling 32-6
features unsupported 32-4
forwarding method 32-3
Layer-2 header rewrite 32-3
MD5 security 32-4
message exchange 32-3
monitoring and maintaining 32-9
negotiation 32-3
packet redirection 32-4
packet-return method 32-3
redirecting traffic received from a client 32-6
setting the password 32-6
unsupported WCCPv2 features 32-4
web-based management software
Web Cache Communication Protocol
Weighted Random Early Detection
Weighted Round Robin
weighted round robin, described 28-4
window components, CMS 3-27
X
XMODEM protocol 36-2