Table Of Contents

General Switch Administration

Initial Switch Configuration

Switch Software Releases

Console Port Access

HTTP Access to CMS

Telnet Access to the CLI

SNMP Network Management Platforms

Using FTP to Access the MIB Files

Using SNMP to Access MIB Variables

Default Settings

General Switch Administration

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This chapter provides these switch administration topics:

•Initial Switch Configuration

•Switch Software Releases

•Console Port Access

•Telnet Access to the CLI

•HTTP Access to CMS

•SNMP Network Management Platforms

•Default Settings

The following information tends to change and therefore appear only in the release notes. Before installing, configuring, or upgrading the switch, refer to the release notes (http://www.cisco.com/univercd/cc/td/doc/product/lan/c2900xl/index.htm) for the latest information about:

•Software and hardware requirements and compatibility

•Browser and Java plug-in configurations

•Setup program

•Switch upgrades

This switch software release is based on Cisco IOS Release 12.0. It has been enhanced to support a set of features for the Catalyst 2900 XL and Catalyst 3500 XL switches. This chapter provides procedures for using only the commands that have been created or changed for these switches. The switch command reference provides complete descriptions of these commands. This chapter does not provide Cisco IOS Release 12.0 commands and information already documented in the Cisco IOS Release 12.0 documentation on Cisco.com.

Initial Switch Configuration

Initial switch configuration involves these tasks:

•Cabling the switch to a network management station, as described in the switch hardware installation guide.

•Using the setup program to configure basic IP connectivity and access to the switch. The setup program needs this switch information:

–IP address. The switch uses IP address information to communicate with the local routers and the Internet. You also need a switch IP address if you plan to use CMS to configure and manage the switch.

–Subnet mask (IP netmask)

–Default gateway (router)

–Password

If you plan to use the switch in a switch cluster, the setup program also prompts for the name and password of the cluster.

Complete information about the setup program is in the release notes (http://www.cisco.com/univercd/cc/td/doc/product/lan/c2900xl/index.htm).

•(For CMS users) Downloading the correct browser plug-in and configuring your Netscape or Internet Explorer browser. Complete information about the browser and plug-in requirements and procedures are in the release notes (http://www.cisco.com/univercd/cc/td/doc/product/lan/c2900xl/index.htm).

After you have assigned IP information to the switch, you can run the switch on its default settings (Table 4-2) or configure any settings to meet your network requirements.

For more information about IP information, see the "Changing IP Information" section. For more information about passwords, see the "Accessing CMS" section and "Assigning Passwords and Privilege Levels" section.

Switch Software Releases

The switch software is regularly updated with new features and bug fixes, and you might want to upgrade your Catalyst 2900 XL or Catalyst 3500 XL switch with the latest software release. New software releases are posted on Cisco.com and are available through authorized resellers. Cisco also supplies a TFTP server that you can download from Cisco.com.

Before upgrading a switch, first find out the version of the software that the switch is running. You can do this by selecting Reports > Inventory, or by using the show version user EXEC command.

Knowing the software version is important, especially for:

•Compatibility reasons (for example, for switch clusters)

•LRE and non-LRE Catalyst 2900 XL switches, which do not share the same software image. The LRE-only image cannot be installed on non-LRE switches. The non-LRE image does not include LRE functionality and therefore should not be installed on LRE switches.

Refer to the release notes (http://www.cisco.com/univercd/cc/td/doc/product/lan/c2900xl/index.htm) for

•Switch requirements

•Switch upgrade guidelines and procedures

Console Port Access

The switch console port provides switch access to a directly-attached terminal or PC or to a remote terminal or PC through a serial connection and a modem. For information about connecting to the switch console port, refer to the switch hardware installation guide.

Be sure that the switch console port settings match the settings of the terminal or PC. These are the default settings of the switch console port:

•Baud rate default is 9600.

•Data bits default is 8.

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Note If the data bits option is set to 8, set the parity option to None.

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•Stop bits default is 1.

•Parity settings default is None.

Make sure that you save any changes you make to the switch console port settings to Flash memory. For information about saving changes from CMS, see the "Saving Your Changes" section. For information about saving changes from the CLI, see the "Saving Configuration Changes" section.

HTTP Access to CMS

CMS uses Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP), which is an in-band form of communication with the switch through any one of its Ethernet ports and that allows switch management from a standard web browser. The default HTTP port is 80.

If you change the HTTP port, you must include the new port number when you enter the IP address in the browser Location or Address field (for example, http://10.1.126.45:184 where 184 is the new HTTP port number).

Do not disable or otherwise misconfigure the port through which your management station is communicating with the switch. You might want to write down the port number to which you are connected. Changes to the switch IP information should be done with care.

For information about connecting to a switch port, refer to the switch hardware installation guide.

Telnet Access to the CLI

This procedure assumes that you have assigned IP information and a Telnet password to the switch or command switch, as described in the latest switch release notes (http://www.cisco.com/univercd/cc/td/doc/product/lan/c2900xl/index.htm). Information about accessing the CLI through a Telnet session is provided in the "Accessing the CLI" section.

To configure the switch for Telnet access, follow these steps:

	Command	Purpose
Step 1		Attach a PC or workstation with emulation software to the switch console port. The default data characteristics of the switch console port are 9600, 8, 1, no parity. When the command line appears, go to Step 2.
Step 2	enable	Enter privileged EXEC mode.
Step 3	config terminal	Enter global configuration mode.
Step 4	line vty 0 15	Enter the interface configuration mode for the Telnet interface. There are 16 possible sessions on a command-capable switch. The 0 and 15 mean that you are configuring all 16 possible Telnet sessions.
Step 5	password <password>	Enter a enable secret password. For more information about passwords, see the "Assigning Passwords and Privilege Levels" section.
Step 6	end	Return to privileged EXEC mode so that you can verify the entry.
Step 7	show running-config	Display the running configuration. The password is listed under the command line vty 0 15.
Step 8	copy running-config startup-config	(Optional) Save the running configuration to the startup configuration.

SNMP Network Management Platforms

You can manage switches by using an Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP)-compatible management station running such platforms as HP OpenView or SunNet Manager. CiscoWorks2000 and CiscoView 5.0 are network-management applications you can use to configure, monitor, and troubleshoot Catalyst 2900 XL and Catalyst 3500 XL switches.

The switch supports a comprehensive set of Management Information Base (MIB) extensions and MIB II, the IEEE 802.1D bridge MIB, and four Remote Monitoring (RMON) groups, which this IOS software release supports. You can configure these groups by using an SNMP application or by using the CLI. The four supported groups are alarms, events, history, and statistics.

This section describes how to access MIB objects to configure and manage your switch. It provides this information:

•"Using FTP to Access the MIB Files" section

•"Using SNMP to Access MIB Variables" section

For more information about SNMP, see the "Configuring SNMP" section.

In a cluster configuration, the command switch manages communication between the SNMP management station and all switches in the cluster. For information about managing cluster switches through SNMP, see the "Using SNMP to Manage Switch Clusters" section.

When configuring your switch by using SNMP, note that certain combinations of port features create configuration conflicts. For more information, see the "Avoiding Configuration Conflicts" section.

Using FTP to Access the MIB Files

You can obtain each MIB file with this procedure:

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Step 1 Use FTP to access the server ftp.cisco.com.

Step 2 Log in with the username anonymous.

Step 3 Enter your e-mail username when prompted for the password.

Step 4 At the ftp> prompt, change directories to /pub/mibs/supportlists.

Step 5 Change directories to one of the following:

•wsc2900xl for a list of Catalyst 2900 XL MIBs

•wsc3500xl for a list of Catalyst 3500 XL MIBs

Step 6 Use the get MIB_filename command to obtain a copy of the MIB file.

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You can also access this server from your browser by entering this URL in the Location field of your Netscape browser (the Address field in Internet Explorer):

ftp://ftp.cisco.com

Use the mouse to navigate to the folders listed above.

Using SNMP to Access MIB Variables

The switch MIB variables are accessible through SNMP, an application-layer protocol facilitating the exchange of management information between network devices. The SNMP system consists of three parts:

•The SNMP manager, which resides on the network management system (NMS)

•The SNMP agent, which resides on the switch

•The MIBs that reside on the switch but that can be compiled with your network management software

An example of an NMS is the CiscoWorks network management software. CiscoWorks2000 software uses the switch MIB variables to set device variables and to poll devices on the network for specific information. The results of a poll can be displayed as a graph and analyzed to troubleshoot internetworking problems, increase network performance, verify the configuration of devices, monitor traffic loads, and more.

As shown in Figure 4-1, the SNMP agent gathers data from the MIB, which is the repository for information about device parameters and network data. The agent can send traps, or notification of certain events, to the SNMP manager, which receives and processes the traps. Traps are messages alerting the SNMP manager to a condition on the network such as improper user authentication, restarts, link status (up or down), and so forth. In addition, the SNMP agent responds to MIB-related queries sent by the SNMP manager in get-request, get-next-request, and set-request format.

The SNMP manager uses information in the MIB to perform the operations described in Table 4-1.

Figure 4-1 SNMP Network

Table 4-1 SNMP Operations

Operation	Description
get-request	Retrieves a value from a specific variable.
get-next-request	Retrieves a value from a variable within a table.1
get-bulk-request2	Retrieves large blocks of data, such as multiple rows in a table, which would otherwise require the transmission of many small blocks of data.
get-response	Replies to a get-request, get-next-request, and set-request sent by an NMS.
set-request	Stores a value in a specific variable.
trap	An unsolicited message sent by an SNMP agent to an SNMP manager indicating that some event has occurred.

1 With this operation, an SNMP manager does not need to know the exact variable name. A sequential search is performed to find the needed variable from within a table. 2 The get-bulk command only works with SNMP version 2.

Default Settings

The switch is designed for plug-and-play operation, requiring only that you assign basic IP information to the switch and connect it to the other devices in your network. For information about assigning basic IP information to the switch, see the "Initial Switch Configuration" section and the latest switch release notes (http://www.cisco.com/univercd/cc/td/doc/product/lan/c2900xl/index.htm).

If you have specific network needs, you can configure the switch through its various management interfaces. Table 4-2 lists the key software features, their defaults, their page numbers in this guide, and where you can configure them from the CLI and CMS.

Table 4-2 Default Settings and Where to Change Them 

Feature		Default Setting	Concepts and CLI Procedures	CMS Option
Cluster Management
	Enabling a command switch1	None	"Enabling a Command Switch" section. No CLI procedure provided. For the cluster commands, refer to the switch command reference.	Device Manager (not within a cluster session) from a command-capable switch Cluster > Create Cluster
	Creating a cluster1	None	"Creating a Switch Cluster" section. No CLI procedure provided. For the cluster commands, refer to the switch command reference.	Device Manager (not within a cluster session) from a command-capable switch Cluster > Create Cluster
	Adding and removing cluster members2	None	"Adding Member Switches" section. No CLI procedure provided. For the cluster commands, refer to the switch command reference.	Cluster > Add to Cluster and Cluster > Remove from Cluster
	Creating a standby command switch group2	None	"Creating a Cluster Standby Group" section. No CLI procedure provided. For the cluster commands, refer to the switch command reference.	Cluster > Standby Command Switches
	Upgrading cluster software	Enabled	"Switch Software Releases" section. Refer to the latest switch release notes (http://www.cisco.com/univercd/cc/td/doc/product/lan/c2900xl/index.htm).	Administration > Software Upgrade
	Configuring SNMP community strings and trap managers	None	"SNMP Community Strings" section and "Configuring SNMP" section.	Administration > SNMP
Device Management
	Switch IP address, subnet mask, and default gateway	0.0.0.0	"Changing IP Information" section. Refer to the latest switch release notes (http://www.cisco.com/univercd/cc/td/doc/product/lan/c2900xl/index.htm). Documentation set for Cisco IOS Release 12.0 on Cisco.com.	Administration > IP Addresses
	Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP)	DHCP client is enabled	"Using DHCP-Based Autoconfiguration" section. Documentation set for Cisco IOS Release 12.0 on Cisco.com.	-
	Domain name	None	"Configuring the Domain Name and the DNS" section. Documentation set for Cisco IOS Release 12.0 on Cisco.com.	Administration > IP Addresses
	Cisco Discovery Protocol (CDP)	Enabled	"Configuring CDP" section. Documentation set for Cisco IOS Release 12.0 on Cisco.com.	Cluster > Hop Count
	Address Resolution Protocol (ARP)	Enabled	"Managing the ARP Table" section. Documentation set for Cisco IOS Release 12.0 on Cisco.com.	Administration > ARP
	System Time Management	None	"Setting the System Date and Time" section. Documentation set for Cisco IOS Release 12.0 on Cisco.com.	Administration > System Time
	MAC address notification	Disabled	"MAC Address Notification" section.	-
	Static address assignment	None assigned	"Adding Static Addresses" section. Documentation set for Cisco IOS Release 12.0 on Cisco.com.	Administration > MAC Addresses
	Dynamic address management	Enabled	"Managing the MAC Address Tables" section. Documentation set for Cisco IOS Release 12.0 on Cisco.com.	Administration > MAC Addresses
	Management VLAN	VLAN 1	"Management VLANs" section.	VLAN > Management VLAN
	VLAN membership	Static- access ports in VLAN 1	"Assigning VLAN Port Membership Modes" section.	VLAN > VLAN
	VMPS Configuration	-	"How the VMPS Works" section.	VLAN > VMPS
	VTP Management	VTP server mode	"Using VTP" section.	VLAN > VLAN
	Voice VLAN (VVID) configuration	-	"Configuring Voice Ports" section.	VLAN > Voice VLAN
Performance
	Configuring ports	-	"Configuring the Switch Ports" section.	Port > Port Settings and Device > LRE Profiles (for LRE ports only)
		Note You cannot disable the Cisco 585 LRE CPE Ethernet ports on a per-port basis. You can either enable or disable all Ethernet ports on the CPE. This restriction does not apply to the Cisco 575 LRE CPE, which has only one Ethernet port.
	Duplex mode		"Changing the Port Speed and Duplex Mode" section.	Port > Port Settings
		•Auto on the 10/100, 100BASE-FX, and Gigabit ports •Half duplex on the CPE Ethernet ports
		Note This option is configurable on the Cisco 575 LRE CPE. It is not configurable on the Cisco 585 LRE CPE.
	Speed on switch 10/100 and CPE Ethernet ports	Auto	"Changing the Port Speed and Duplex Mode" section.	Port > Port Settings
		Note This option is configurable on the Cisco 575 LRE CPE. It is not configurable on the Cisco 585 LRE CPE.
	Gigabit Ethernet flow control		"Configuring Flow Control on Gigabit Ethernet Ports" section.	Port > Port Settings
		•Asymmetric on all Gigabit ports •Disabled on LRE ports in half-duplex mode; enabled on LRE ports in full-duplex mode
		Note This option is configurable only on the Gigabit ports.
	LRE link speed and LRE port profiles	LRE-10	"Configuring the LRE Ports" section.	Device > LRE Profiles
	Inline power	Auto	"Configuring Inline Power on the Catalyst 3524-PWR Ports" section.	-
Flooding Control
	Storm control	Disabled	"Configuring Flooding Controls" section.	Port > Flooding Control
	Flooding unknown unicast and multicast packets	Enabled	"Blocking Flooded Traffic on a Port" section.	Port > Flooding Control
	Cisco Group Management Protocol (CGMP)	Enabled	"Configuring CGMP" section.	Device > CGMP
	Multicast VLAN Registration (MVR)	Disabled	"Configuring MVR" section.	-
	Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP) filtering	Disabled	"Configuring IGMP Filtering" section.	-
	Network Port	Disabled	"Enabling a Network Port" section.	-
Network Redundancy
	Hot Standby Router Protocol2	Disabled	"Creating a Cluster Standby Group" section.	Cluster > Standby Command Switches
	Spanning Tree Protocol	Enabled	"Configuring STP" section.	Device > STP
	Unidirectional link detection (UDLD)	Disabled	"Configuring UniDirectional Link Detection" section.	-
	UDLD error detection	Enabled	"Configuring UniDirectional Link Detection" section	-
	UDLD error recovery	Disabled	"Configuring UniDirectional Link Detection" section	-
	Port grouping	None assigned	"Creating EtherChannel Port Groups" section.	Port > EtherChannels
Diagnostics
	Displaying statistics, graphs, and reports	Enabled	"Verifying a Switch Cluster" section.	Reports
	Switch Port Analyzer (SPAN) port monitoring	Disabled	"Configuring SPAN" section.	Port > SPAN
	Console, buffer, and file logging	Disabled	- Documentation set for Cisco IOS Release 12.0 on Cisco.com.	-
	Remote monitoring (RMON)	Disabled	"SNMP Network Management Platforms" section. Documentation set for Cisco IOS Release 12.0 on Cisco.com.	-
Security
	Password	None	"Passwords" section and "Assigning Passwords and Privilege Levels" section. Refer to the latest switch release notes (http://www.cisco.com/univercd/cc/td/doc/product/lan/c2900xl/index.htm).	-
	Address security	Disabled	"Managing the MAC Address Tables" section.	Administration >MAC Addresses
	Trap manager	0.0.0.0	"Adding Trap Managers" section.	Administration > SNMP
	Community strings	public	"SNMP Community Strings" section and "Entering Community Strings" section. Documentation set for Cisco IOS Release 12.0 on Cisco.com.	Administration > SNMP
	Port security	Disabled	"Enabling Port Security" section.	Port > Port Security
	Protected port	Disabled	"Configuring Protected Ports" section.	Port > Protected Port
	Port security aging	Disabled	"Configuring Port Security Aging" section.	-
	Bridge Protocol Data Unit (BPDU) Guard	Disabled	"Configuring BPDU Guard" section.	-
	Terminal Access Controller Access Control System Plus (TACACS+)	Disabled	"Configuring TACACS+" section.	-
	Remote Authentication Dial-In User Service (RADIUS)	Disabled	"Controlling Switch Access with RADIUS" section.	-

1 Available only from a Device Manager session on a command-capable switch, which is not a cluster member. 2 Available only from a cluster management session.