Table Of Contents
Configuring and Monitoring from the Management Console
Navigating the Management Console
Making Changes from the Management Console
Management Console Logon Screen
Network Management (SNMP) Configuration Menu
Network Management (SNMP) READ Configuration Menu
Network Management (SNMP) WRITE Configuration Menu
Network Management (SNMP) TRAP Configuration Menu
Spanning Tree Configuration Menu
Port and Forwarding STP States
Cisco Group Management Protocol Configuration Menu
HTTP Server Configuration Menu
10BaseT and 100BaseT Switched and Shared Port Settings
Flooding of Unknown MAC Addresses
10BaseT and 100BaseT Port Statistics
Bridge Group Configuration Menu
Downloading the Switch Firmware from a TFTP Server
Downloading the Switch Firmware from a TFTP Client
Downloading the Switch Firmware with the XMODEM Protocol
Upgrading the FDDI and ATM Module Firmware
Downloading the Module Firmware from a TFTP Server
Downloading the Module Firmware from a TFTP Client
Downloading the Module Firmware with the XMODEM Protocol
RS-232 Interface Configuration Menu
Configuring and Monitoring from the Management Console
This chapter explains how to use the management console to change the configuration settings and to monitor the switch. This chapter assumes that you have already performed the following tasks that are described in this guide or in the Quick Start Guide: Catalyst 2820 Series Ethernet Switches:
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"Connecting to the Console Port" section
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Note
The menus and displays in this chapter are for reference only and might not exactly reflect the menus and displays on your console.Navigating the Management Console
lists the menus that are available from the Main Menu of the management console.
To select an option, enter a letter in the Enter Selection field. You do not need to press Return.
To return to a parent menu, enter [X] Exit. To exit the management console and return to the command prompt, enter [X] Exit on the .
Figure 4-1 Management Console Menus and Displays
Making Changes from the Management Console
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Press Return to save changes.
The information you enter at the prompts is not case sensitive, except when entered as a descriptive string that preserves case. Press the Backspace key to erase characters you enter. To clear an entry, place the cursor at the beginning of an entry, and press Backspace.
To cancel your unsaved changes, place the cursor at the beginning of an entry, and press Return. The menu is redisplayed unchanged.
When you use the management console, keep the following in mind:
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Management Console Logon Screen
The () is displayed on the management station after you connect to the switch through the console port or through a Telnet session. (For complete information about the console port, see the "Connecting to the Console Port" section. For information about logging on to the management console, see the "Accessing the Management Console and CLI" section.)
Figure 4-2 Management Console Logon Screen
Catalyst 2820 Management ConsoleCopyright (c) Cisco Systems, Inc. 1993-1999All rights reserved.Standard Edition SoftwareEthernet address: 00-E0-1E-7E-B4-40PCA Number: 73-2239-01PCA Serial Number: SAD01200001Model Number: WS-C2822-ASystem Serial Number: FAA01200001---------------------------------------User Interface Menu[M] Menus[I] IP Address[P] Console PasswordEnter Selection:
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[I] IP Address—Display the . This option is available at log on only if the switch does not have a password. For information about IP addresses, see the "IP Configuration Menu" section.
[P] Console Password—Enter a 4-to-8 character unencrypted privileged-level password to the switch management interfaces. This option is available at log on only if the switch does not have a password. For information about passwords, see the "Changing the Switch Password" section.
Management Console Main Menu
To display the (), enter the [M] Menus option from the . To select an option from the menu, enter a letter in the Enter Selection field. You do not need to press Return.
The remaining sections in this chapter describe the options available from this menu.
Figure 4-3 Management Console Main Menu
Catalyst 2820 - Main Menu[C] Console Settings[S] System[N] Network Management[P] Port Configuration[A] Port Addressing[D] Port Statistics Detail[M] Monitoring[B] Bridge Group[R] Multicast Registration[F] Firmware[I] RS-232 Interface[U] Usage Summaries[H] Help[X] Exit Management ConsoleEnter Selection:[H] Help—Display the online help and to change the expertise level of the online prompts.
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Console Settings Menu
To display the (), enter the [C] Console Settings option from the .
Figure 4-4 Console Settings Menu
Catalyst 2820 - Console Settings--------------------Settings------------------[P] Password intrusion threshold 3 attempt(s)[S] Silent time upon intrusion detection None[T] Management Console inactivity timeout None[D] Default mode of status LED Port Status--------------------Actions-------------------[M] Modify password[E] Modify secret password[X] Exit to Main MenuEnter Selection:[P] Password intrusion threshold—Enter the allowed number of failed password attempts. After this number is reached, the management console becomes quiet for a user-defined length of time (see the [S] Silent time upon intrusion detection option) before allowing the next log-in attempt. The default is 3.
[S] Silent time upon intrusion detection—Enter the number of minutes (0 to 65500) the management console is unavailable because of an excessive number of failed attempts to log in. The default is None (no silent time).
[T] Management console inactivity time-out—Enter the number of seconds (0, or a number between 30 and 65500) the management console can wait without activity before it times out. After timeout, you must reenter the password. The default is 0, which means the console session does not time out.
[D] Default mode of status LED—Select the default mode of the port LEDs (see the "Port LEDs and Modes" section). The switch returns to this mode 30 seconds after you release the Mode button. You can enter [1] Port Status, [2] Utilization, or [3] Duplex Status. The default is [1] Port Status.
[M] Modify password—Enter the unencrypted privileged-level password for the switch management interfaces. The password can be 4 to 8 characters and is not case-sensitive. You can use any character found on the keyboard, including spaces and double-quotation marks. A multistring password (such as two words) is also valid.
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If the switch already has a password, you must enter it before it can be changed. To erase a password, press the Backspace key, and then press Return. The default is None.
For more information about passwords, see the "Changing the Switch Password" section.
[E] Modify secret password—Enter the encrypted (secret) privileged-level password for the switch management interfaces. The password can be 1 to 25 characters and is case-sensitive. You can use any character found on the keyboard, including spaces and double-quotation marks. A multistring password (such as two words) is also valid.
If the switch already has a password, you must enter it before it can be changed. To erase a password, press the Backspace key, and then press Return. The default is None.
For more information about passwords, see the "Changing the Switch Password" section.
Changing the Switch Password
A privileged-level password (encrypted or unencrypted) is required to access the switch management interfaces (switch manager, management console through a Telnet session, or CLI).
If you had assigned a password from the [P] Console Password option on the (see the "Assigning IP Information and a Password to the Switch" section), that password is an unencrypted privileged-level password.
From the , you can either use the [M] Modify password option to assign an unencrypted password or use the [E] Modify secret password option to assign an encrypted (secret) privileged-level password. An encrypted password provides higher security and supersedes any existing unencrypted privileged-level password, including the unencrypted privileged-level password that is assigned from the [P] Console Password or [M] Modify password options. (For more information about where you can assign privileged-level passwords, see the "Privileged-Level Passwords" section.)
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When your switch is a cluster member, the highest privileged-level password for the command switch is the privileged-level password to the switch. The command-switch password overwrites any switch-specific passwords. For more information about passwords in switch clusters, see the "Cluster Member Password" section.
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If you have lost or forgotten the password, see the "Recovering from a Lost or Forgotten Password" section.
Privileged-Level Passwords
If you plan to manage the switch outside of a switch cluster, you can assign an unencrypted or encrypted privileged-level password to the switch to restrict access to its management interfaces ().
Read and Write community strings operate as passwords to the switch when managing it from an SNMP management station. See the "Network Management (SNMP) Configuration Menu" section.
For information about the user-level passwords, refer to the online-only Catalyst 1900 Series and Catalyst 2820 Series Command Reference.
Cluster Member Password
When the switch joins a cluster, the highest privileged-level password (encrypted or unencrypted) of the command switch supersedes any existing password for the switch. Keep in mind the following considerations:
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For password information about switch clusters, refer to the Cisco IOS Desktop Switch Software Configuration Guide, Catalyst 2900 Series XL and Catalyst 3500 Series XL Cisco IOS Release 12.0(5)XP.
System Configuration Menu
To display the (see ), enter the [S] System option from the .
Figure 4-5 System Configuration Menu
Catalyst 2820 - System ConfigurationSystem Revision: 0 Address Capacity: 2048System UpTime: 0day(s) 00hour(s) 11minute(s) 29second(s)--------------------Settings------------------[N] Name of system[C] Contact name[L] Location[S] Switching mode FragmentFree[U] Use of store-and-forward for multicast Disabled[A] Action upon address violation Suspend[G] Generate alert on address violation Enabled[I] Address aging time 300 second(s)[P] Network Port None[H] Half duplex back pressure (10-mbps ports) Disabled[E] Enhanced Congestion Control (10 Mbps Ports) Disabled--------------------Actions-------------------[R] Reset system [F] Reset to factory defaults------------------Related Menus---------------[B] Broadcast storm control [X] Exit to Main MenuEnter Selection
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[N] Name of system—Enter the name (up to 255 characters) of the switch. The name you assign to the switch is kept even when the switch joins or leaves a cluster.
Caution
The name you assign to the switch is kept even when the switch joins or leaves a cluster. If the switch does not have a name before it joins a cluster, the command switch assigns it a name that consists of the command-switch name and a number that reflects when the switch was added to the cluster. For example, a command switch can name a Catalyst 2820 switch eng-cluster-5, where eng-cluster is the command-switch name and 5 means that it is the fifth switch to join the cluster. When the switch name is viewed from the Cluster Management applications, the name is truncated to 32 characters. If the switch leaves the cluster, the switch keeps the name given by the command switch.
[C] Contact name—Enter of the name (up to 255 characters) of the person responsible for managing the switch.
[L] Location—Enter the physical location (up to 255 characters) of the switch.
[S] Switching mode—Set the switching mode to either FragmentFree (cut-through) or store-and-forward. The default is FragmentFree. For additional information, see "Switching Modes" section.
[U] Use of store-and-forward for multicast—Enter [E]nable if you want the switch to use store-and-forward mode for multicast packets. Enter [D]isable if you want to use the FragmentFree (cut-through) switching mode. If this option is disabled, the switch forwards multicast frames according to the switching mode. The store-and-forward mode is always used for broadcast frames. The default is [D]isable.
[A] Action upon address violation—Enter one of the following options:
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The default action is [S]uspend.
An address violation occurs if a secure port receives a source address statically assigned to another port or if a secure port tries to learn more than a defined number of addresses. For information about secure ports, see the "Port Addressing Menu" section.
[G] Generate alert on address violation—Enter [E]nable if you want the switch to generate SNMP alerts if an address violation occurs. Enter [D]isable to disable this option. This option enables the switch to generate SNMP alerts if an address violation occurs. The default is [E]nable.
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[I] Address aging time—Enter the number of seconds (10 to 1000000; where 1000000 seconds is approximately 11 1/2 days) the switch stores an inactive entry, after which it is removed from the table. The default is 300 seconds (5 minutes). This value applies to all dynamic addresses in the Dynamic Address Table.
As the switch reaches the maximum address limit of 2048 or 8192 address entries in memory (depending on the switch model), switch performance can degrade. Address aging helps prevent this by allowing the switch to only keep dynamic addresses that remain active over a specified period of time.
During a topology change, if the [H] Port Fast mode option on the Port Configuration Menu is disabled, addresses are aged more quickly by using the [F] Forward delay option on the . When the topology stabilizes, address-aging value again takes effect.
[P] Network Port—Enter the number of the port that you want to designate as the network port. By default, no port is assigned as the network port. The network port is the destination port for all packets with unknown unicast addresses. The network port
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A unicast address identifies one unique device on the network. However, if the switch has not received packets from the device for a while (longer than the aging period), the switch removes the device address from its address table, and the address is then an unknown unicast address. The switch must flood (send to all ports except the one the packet is received on) packets destined for the unknown unicast address in order to ensure the device receives the packet. Once the switch learns the location of the device, this flooding stops. The use of a network port can eliminate this type of flooding.
For more information about unicast addresses, see the "Port Addressing Menu" section and the "Flooding of Unknown MAC Addresses" section.
[H] Half duplex back pressure (10-Mbps ports)—Enter [E]nable if you want the switch to apply back pressure on all half-duplex 10-Mbps ports. Enter [D]isable to disable this option. The default is [D]isable.
Back pressure ensures retransmission of incoming packets if a half-duplex 10-Mbps switch port is unable to receive incoming packets.
When back pressure is enabled and no buffers are available to a port, the switch generates collision frames across the affected port and causes the transmitting station to resend the packets. The switch can then use this retransmission time to clear its receive buffer by transmitting packets already in the queue.
For information about flow control on the 100-Mbps ports, see the "Port Configuration Menu" section.
[E] Enhanced Congestion Control (10-Mbps ports)—Enter one of the following options:
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By default, enhanced congestion control (ECC) is disabled on all 10-Mbps ports. An ECC-enabled port accelerates transmission of frames and empties its queue more quickly. This option reduces congestion on the switch and keeps the switch from dropping frames because of full transmit queues. The ECC option can be enabled on half-duplex ports and can be configured on a global basis for the 10-Mbps ports.
For information about ECC on the 100-Mbps ports, see the "Port Configuration Menu" section. ECC on the 100-Mbps ports is set on a per-port basis, not on a global basis.
[R] Reset system—Enter [Y]es to reset the switch. All configured system parameters and static addresses are retained; all dynamic addresses are removed.
[F] Reset to factory defaults—Enter [Y]es to reset the switch and return it to its factory settings. All static and dynamic addresses are removed, as are the IP address and all other configuration parameters.
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We recommend using the command-switch management interfaces to remove member switches from a cluster. If you want to add the switch to a cluster but had previously used the [F] Reset to factory defaults option to remove it from a cluster, you must use one of the command-switch management interfaces to remove and then add the switch.For information about resetting an installed module to factory defaults, see the "Port Configuration Menu" section.
[B] Broadcast storm control—Display the . You can use this menu to inhibit the forwarding of broadcast packets when large numbers or storms of broadcast packets are received by a port. For more information, see the "Broadcast Storm Control Menu" section.
Switching Modes
By default, the switching mode is FragmentFree (cut-through). The switching mode determines how quickly the switch forwards a packet and, therefore, how much latency the packet experiences. Latency is the delay between the time a port begins to receive a packet and the time the port begins to transmit the packet to a destination port. FragmentFree mode filters out collision fragments before forwarding. Store-and-forward stores complete packets and checks for errors before forwarding.
The switch uses these switching modes:
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If latency is an issue, use FragmentFree switching.
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Store-and-forward is the most error-free form of switching, but the forwarding latency is higher than FragmentFree (cut-through) switching . If you have frame check sequence (FCS) or alignment errors, use the store-and-forward mode so that packets with errors are filtered and not propagated to the rest of the network.
Although shows store-and-forward experiencing the lowest latency, the figures do not include the time it takes to receive the packet, which varies according to the packet size. shows the minimum and maximum packet reception latencies, which you need to add to the store-and-forward latencies in .
Table 4-3 Packet Reception Latencies (PRL)
10 Mbps
51.2 microsec
1224 microsec
100 Mbps
5.1 microsec
122.4 microsec
Broadcast Storm Control Menu
A broadcast storm is an excessive number of broadcast packets being received on a given switch port. Broadcast storm packets can congest the receiving switch port. If the switch port forwards a broadcast storm to the other switch ports, traffic on those ports and all network segments are affected. Broadcast storm control allows you to control the quantity of broadcast packets the switch forwards to your network, thus reserve switch bandwidth for your network users.
Use the broadcast storm control settings to inhibit the forwarding of broadcast packets when the broadcast rate (number of broadcast packets received from a port per second) on a switch port exceeds a specified threshold. Broadcast storm control is configured for the switch as a whole, but operates on a per-port basis.
Note
To display the (), enter the [B] Broadcast storm control option from the .
Figure 4-6 Broadcast Storm Control Menu
Catalyst 2820 - Broadcast Storm Control--------------------Settings------------------[A] Action upon exceeding broadcast threshold Ignore[G] Generate alert when threshold exceeded Disabled[T] Broadcast threshold (BC's received / sec) 500[R] Broadcast re-enable threshold 250[X] Exit to previous menuEnter Selection:[A] Action upon exceeding broadcast threshold—Enter [B]lock or [I]gnore for the action the switch takes when the broadcast threshold is exceeded. The default is [I]gnore.
This option assigns the action the switch takes if the number of broadcast packets reaches the broadcast threshold:
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[G] Generate alert when threshold exceeded—Enter [E]nable if you want the switch to generate SNMP alerts when the broadcast threshold is exceeded. Enter [D]isable to disable this option. The alert generated is the trapbroadcastStorm. A trap is generated every 30 seconds. The default is [D]isable.
[T] Broadcast threshold (BCs received/sec)—Enter the threshold that constitutes a broadcast storm. The range is 10 to 14400 broadcast packets received from a port per second. The default is 500.
When this threshold is exceeded, the switch, if configured to do so, blocks the broadcast packets received from the port and generates an SNMP alert.
[R] Broadcast re-enabled threshold—Enter the threshold below which broadcast forwarding is re-enabled. The range is 10 to 14400 packets. The default is 250.
Network Management Menu
To display the (Figure 4-7), enter the [N] Network Management option from the .
Figure 4-7 Network Management Menu
Catalyst 2820 - Network Management[I] IP Configuration[S] SNMP Management[B] Bridge - Spanning Tree[C] Cisco Discovery Protocol[G] Cisco Group Management Protocol[H] HTTP Server Configuration[R] Cluster Management[X] Exit to Main MenuEnter Selection:[I] IP Configuration—Display the .
[S] SNMP Management—Display the .
[B] Bridge-Spanning-Tree—Display the .
[C] Cisco Discovery Protocol—Display the .
[G] Cisco Group Management Protocol—Display the .
[H] HTTP Server Configuration—Display the .
[R] Cluster Management—Display the .
IP Configuration Menu
Typically, after the switch is installed, an IP address is assigned to the switch. (See the "Assigning IP Information and a Password to the Switch" section.)
IP information identifies the switch on the network and is required to configure and monitor it as an individual switch. When you assign the switch its own IP address, you can manage it from its management interfaces (switch manager, management console, SNMP, or CLI). The switch retains its own IP address even when it joins or leaves a switch cluster.
If you do not assign an IP address to the switch, you must add the switch to a switch cluster and manage it through the command switch. Whether or not the switch has its own IP address, when the switch is a cluster member, it is managed and communicates with other member switches through the IP address of the command switch. If the switch leaves the cluster and it does not have its own IP address, you then must assign IP information to it to manage and monitor it as a nonmember switch.
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For information about IP information in switch clusters, refer to the Cisco IOS Desktop Switch Software Configuration Guide, Catalyst 2900 Series XL and Catalyst 3500 Series XL Cisco IOS Release 12.0(5)XP.
To display the (), enter the [I] IP Configuration option from the .
Figure 4-8 IP Configuration Menu
Catalyst 2820 - IP ConfigurationEthernet Address: 00-E0-1E-7E-B4-40--------------------Settings------------------[I] IP address 0.0.0.0[S] Subnet mask 0.0.0.0[G] Default gateway 0.0.0.0[B] Management Bridge Group 1 (fixed)[M] IP address of DNS server 1 0.0.0.0[N] IP address of DNS server 2 0.0.0.0[D] Domain name[R] Use Routing Information Protocol Enabled----------------------- Actions ----------------------------------------[P] Ping[C] Clear cached DNS entries[X] Exit to previous menuEnter Selection:[I] IP address—Assign an IP address to the switch. Use dotted quad format (nnn.nnn.nnn.nnn). If the switch is connected to a network that has a Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP)/Bootstrap Protocol (BOOTP) server, the server assigns it an IP address automatically.
This field displays the IP address assigned to the switch. If the switch does not have an IP address, this field displays 0.0.0.0.
Caution
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[S] Subnet mask—Enter the subnet mask for the switch. Subnet masks exist only if the network has been divided up into subnetworks.
[G] Default gateway—Enter the IP address of the default gateway. Use dotted quad format (nnn.nnn.nnn.nnn). If the switch is connected to a DNS server, you can enter the name of the router instead. The default gateway is the router that the switch uses to reach IP subnets other than the local subnet to which the switch is attached. A default gateway is also necessary if the management station from which the switch is to be managed is not on the same IP subnet as the switch. For automatic assignment of a gateway, see the [R] Use Routing Information Protocol option on the .
[B] Management bridge group—Displays the management bridge group, which is always bridge group 1. The switch IP address must be assigned to a management bridge group to enable the switch to communicate with devices within the bridge group without use of a router. Devices in other bridge groups can only communicate with the switch if the other bridge groups are connected to the management bridge group by a router.
For information about VLANs, refer to the Catalyst 1900 Series and Catalyst 2820 Series Enterprise Edition Software Configuration Guide.
[M] IP address of DNS server 1—Enter the IP address of the Domain Name System (DNS) server in the IP Address of DNS Server 1 field. Use dotted quad format (nnn.nnn.nnn.nnn).
A network device can be identified through its IP address or its associated host name. Domain Name System (DNS) servers maintain name-to-address mappings.
If you enter the device name instead of its IP address from the switch management interfaces, the DNS server associated with the switch looks up the name before forwarding the packet to the destination device. The switch can be associated to up to two DNS servers.
[N] IP address of DNS server 2—Enter the IP address of a second DNS server. Use dotted quad format (nnn.nnn.nnn.nnn).
[D] Domain name—Enter the domain name (up to 62 characters) of the DNS server to which the switch is associated (such as cisco.com).
[R] Use Routing Information Protocol—Enter [E]nable if you want the Routing Information Protocol (RIP) to automatically discover and assign an IP gateway to the switch. Enter [D]isable to disable this option. The default is [E]nable.
The default gateway is the router that the switch uses to reach IP subnets other than the local subnet to which the switch is attached. A default gateway is also necessary if the management station from which the switch is to be managed is not on the same IP subnet as the switch.
[P] Ping—Enter the IP address of a device that can communicate with switch. Use dotted quad format (nnn.nnn.nnn.nnn). If the switch is connected to a DNS server, you can enter the name of the device instead.
[C] Clear cached DNS entries—Enter [Y]es if you want to purge all the cached DNS entries. Enter [N]o to display the .
Network Management (SNMP) Configuration Menu
Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) provides the means to manage and monitor the switch through the Management Information Base (MIB) objects. Additional information about SNMP and MIB objects is in the "Simple Network Management Protocol" section and the "Accessing MIB Files" section.
For information about how the command switch uses SNMP to manage the switch in the cluster, refer to the Cisco IOS Desktop Switch Software Configuration Guide, Catalyst 2900 Series XL and Catalyst 3500 Series XL Cisco IOS Release 12.0(5)XP.
To display the (Figure 4-9), enter the [S] SNMP Management option from the .
Figure 4-9 Network Management (SNMP) Configuration Menu
Catalyst 2820 - Network Management (SNMP) Configuration[R] READ configuration[W] WRITE configuration[T] TRAP configuration[X] Exit to previous menuEnter Selection:[R] READ Configuration—Display the .
[W] WRITE Configuration—Display the .
[T] TRAP Configuration—Display the .
Network Management (SNMP) READ Configuration Menu
To display the (), enter the [R] READ configuration option from the .
Figure 4-10 Network Management (SNMP) READ Configuration Menu
Catalyst 2820 - Network Management (SNMP) READ Configuration----------------------- Settings ---------------------------------------[1] First READ community string[2] Second READ community string[3] Third READ community string[4] Fourth READ community string[X] Exit to previous menuEnter Selection:[1-4] READ community strings—Enter the community string(s) (up to 32 characters). The default for the first Read community string is public. You can assign up to four community strings to serve as passwords that enable the switch to validate SNMP read (Get) requests from a management station.
When the switch joins a cluster, the command switch propagates its first Read community string as the last Read community string for the member switch. If the joining Catalyst 2820 switch already has four Read community strings, the command switch overrides that fourth community string with its own first community string. When the switch leaves the cluster, the command-switch community string is deleted.
The command-switch string contains up to 27 characters and a suffix "@esNN" where NN is the member switch number.
Caution
Network Management (SNMP) WRITE Configuration Menu
To display the (), enter the [W] WRITE configuration option from the .
Figure 4-11 Network Management (SNMP) WRITE Configuration Menu
Catalyst 2820 - Network Management (SNMP) WRITE Configuration----------------------- Settings ---------------------------------------[1] First WRITE community string[2] Second WRITE community string[3] Third WRITE community string[4] Fourth WRITE community string[A] First WRITE manager name or IP address[B] Second WRITE manager name or IP address[C] Third WRITE manager name or IP address[D] Fourth WRITE manager name or IP address[X] Exit to previous menuEnter Selection:[1-4] WRITE community strings—Enter the community string(s) (up to 32 characters). The default for the first Write community string is private. You can assign up to four community strings to serve as passwords that enable the switch to validate SNMP read-write (Set) requests from a management station. The write managers you assign can use any of the switch Write community strings.
When the switch joins a cluster, the command switch assigns its first Write community string as the last Write community string for the member switch. If the joining Catalyst 2820 switch already has four Write community strings, the command switch overrides that fourth community string with its own first community string. When the switch leaves the cluster, the command-switch community string is deleted.
The command-switch string contains up to 27 characters and a suffix "@esNN" where NN is the member switch number.
Caution
[A-D] WRITE manager names or IP addresses—Enter the IP address(es) or name(s) of the SNMP management station(s) that can issue write requests to the switch. Use dotted quad format (nnn.nnn.nnn.nnn). If the switch is connected to a DNS server, you can enter the name of the management station(s) instead. To remove a write manager, press the Backspace key to erase characters.
You can assign up to four write managers. The switch allows write requests from only the specified write managers or from the command switch. The write managers you assign can use any of the switch Write community strings.
Caution
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Network Management (SNMP) TRAP Configuration Menu
A trap manager, or trap client, is an SNMP management station that receives traps, which are the system alerts generated by the switch. If no trap manager is defined, no traps are issued.
You can assign up to four trap managers and their accompanying community strings. A trap manager can only use its accompanying community string; it cannot use the community string of another trap manager.
Trap manager settings can be configured from the switch or, if the switch is a cluster member, from the command switch.
After you have assigned the trap manager(s), the switch generates, by default, the following traps:
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For more information about traps, see the "Simple Network Management Protocol" section and the "Accessing MIB Files" section.
To display the (), enter the [T] TRAP configuration option from the .
Figure 4-12 Network Management (SNMP) TRAP Configuration Menu
Catalyst 2820 - Network Management (SNMP) TRAP Configuration----------------------- Settings ---------------------------------------[1] First TRAP community string[A] First TRAP manager name or IP address[2] Second TRAP community string[B] Second TRAP manager name or IP address[3] Third TRAP community string[C] Third TRAP manager name or IP address[4] Fourth TRAP community string[D] Fourth TRAP manager name or IP address[U] Authentication trap generation Enabled[L] LinkUp/LinkDown trap generation Enabled[X] Exit to previous menuEnter Selection:
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[1-4] TRAP community strings—Enter the community string(s) (up to 32 characters). You can assign up to four community strings to serve as passwords that enable the switch to validate trap requests from a management station.
[A-D] TRAP manager names or IP addresses—Enter the IP address of the SNMP management station(s) that can issue trap requests to the switch. Use dotted quad format (nnn.nnn.nnn.nnn). If the switch is connected to a DNS server, you can enter the name of the management station(s) instead.
To remove a trap manager, press the Backspace key to erase characters.
You can assign up to four trap managers and their accompanying community strings.
[U] Authentication trap generation—Enter [E]nable if you want the switch to generate authentication traps, which alerts a management station of SNMP requests not accompanied by a valid community string. Enter [D]isable to disable this option. The default is [E]nable.
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[L] LinkUp/LinkDown trap generation—Enter [E]nable if you want the switch to generate linkDown traps when a port is suspended or disabled for any of these reasons:
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The switch generates linkUp traps when a port is enabled for any of these reasons:
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Enter [D]isable to disable this option. The default is [E]nable.
Spanning Tree Configuration Menu
The Spanning-Tree Protocol (STP) constructs network topologies that do not contain loops. When the network configuration changes, STP transparently reconfigures bridges and switches to avoid the creation of loops. STP avoids loops by placing ports in a forwarding or blocking state and establishes redundant paths (in the event of lost connections).
The following are two examples for using STP:
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A separate spanning-tree instance runs on each bridge group, and each bridge group participates in a separate spanning tree. Each switch in a spanning tree adopts the Hello, Max age, and Delay parameters of the root bridge regardless of how it is configured. Overlapping ports (ports that belong to more than one bridge group) participate in all spanning trees to which they belong. All ports on the switch support STP, and STP is managed through the standard Bridge MIB.
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For more information about bridge groups, see the "Bridge Group Configuration Menu" on page 79. For information about VLANs and the Uplink Fast option, refer to the Catalyst 1900 Series and Catalyst 2820 Series Enterprise Edition Software Configuration Guide.
To display the (), enter the [B] Bridge - Spanning Tree option from the .
Figure 4-13 Spanning Tree Configuration Menu
Catalyst 2820 - Bridge Group 1 - Spanning Tree ConfigurationBridge ID: 8000 00-E0-1E-81-1E-40--------------------Information----------------Designated root 8000 00-E0-1E-81-1E-40Number of member ports 27 Root port N/AMax age (sec) 20 Root path cost 0Forward Delay (sec) 15 Hello time (sec) 2Topology changes 0 Last TopChange 0d00h00m00s--------------------Settings------------------[S] Spanning Tree Algorithm & Protocol Enabled[B] Bridge priority 32768 (8000 hex)[M] Max age when operating as root 20 second(s)[H] Hello time when operating as root 2 second(s)[F] Forward delay when operating as root 15 second(s)--------------------Actions-------------------[N] Next bridge group [G] Goto bridge group[P] Previous bridge group [X] Exit to previous menuEnter Selection:Spanning-Tree Root Settings
The Information fields on this menu display the following read-only STP settings for the current root switch, which could be defined on another switch.
Port and Forwarding STP States
The State column displays the state of the port. A port can be in one of the following states:
The Forward Transitions column displays the number of times STP changed forwarding states.
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When the switch is powered up, the forwarding state, even if Port Fast mode is enabled, is delayed to allow the Spanning-Tree Protocol to discover the topology of the network and ensure no temporary loops are formed. Spanning-tree discovery takes approximately 30 seconds to complete, and no packet forwarding takes place during this time. After the initial discovery, Port Fast-enabled ports transition directly from the blocking state to the forwarding state. See the "Port Configuration Menu" section for Port Fast mode configuration instructions.[S] Spanning-Tree Algorithm and Protocol—Enter [E]nable or [D]isable the Spanning-Tree Protocol (STP) to ensure a loop-free configuration in the bridge topology. When STP is enabled, redundant ports are kept in standby (suspended) status and are enabled when needed. The default is [E]nable.
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[B] Bridge priority—Enter a value (0 to 65535) used in determining the root bridge. The bridge with the lowest value has the highest priority and is selected as the root. The default is 32768.
[M] Max age when operating as root—Enter the number of seconds (6 to 40) a switch waits for STP configuration messages before it attempts a reconfiguration. After this period expires, other bridges recognize that the root has not sent a configuration message, and a new root is selected. The default is 20.
[H] Hello time when operating as root—Enter the number of seconds (1 to 10) between the transmission of STP configuration messages. The default is 2.
[F] Forward delay when operating as root—Enter the number of seconds (4 to 30) a port waits before changing from its STP learning and listening states to the forwarding state. This delay time is necessary to ensure that no loop is formed before the switch forwards a packet. The default is 15.
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[N] Next bridge group—Display the Spanning-Tree configuration for the next sequentially numbered bridge group.
[G] Goto bridge group—Display the Spanning-Tree configuration for a specified bridge group.
[P] Previous bridge group—Display the Spanning-Tree configuration for the previous sequentially numbered bridge group.
CDP Configuration/Status Menu
The Cisco Discovery Protocol (CDP) enables the switch to advertise its existence to other Cisco devices on the network. When CDP is enabled, the switch and the network management applications have an accurate picture of the network at any time because CDP gathers information about device types, links between devices, and the number of interfaces on each device.
Before the switch joins a cluster, CDP version 2 must be enabled on the switch. For information about cluster management and membership, refer to the Cisco IOS Desktop Switch Software Configuration Guide, Catalyst 2900 Series XL and Catalyst 3500 Series XL Cisco IOS Release 12.0(5)XP.
To display the (), enter the [C] Cisco Discovery Protocol option from the .
Figure 4-14 CDP Configuration/Status Menu
Catalyst 2820 - CDP Configuration/StatusCDP enabled on: 1-24, AUI, A, B--------------------Settings------------------[V] Version 2[H] Hold Time (secs) 180[T] Transmission Interval (secs) 60--------------------Actions-------------------[E] Enable CDP on Port(s)[D] Disable CDP on Port(s)[S] Show Neighbor[X] Exit to previous menuEnter Selection:[V] Version—Enter the version [1] or [2] the switch uses. Version 1 provides standard CDP support. Version 2 is required for the switch to be a cluster member. When the switch is using version 2, it can still interoperate with neighboring Cisco devices running version 1. The default is 2.
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[H] Hold Time—Enter the number of seconds (between 5 and 255) that a neighboring device keeps the CDP neighbor information received from this switch. The default is 180 seconds.
If a neighboring device does not receive a CDP message before the hold time expires, the device drops this switch as a neighbor. The packet hold time should be higher than the packet transmission time.
[T] Transmission Interval— Enter the number of seconds (between 5 and 900) between transmissions of CDP messages. The default is 60 seconds. The packet transmission time should be lower than the packet hold time.
[E] Enable CDP on Port(s)—Enter the port(s) that you want to exchange information with Cisco devices. The defaults for all ports is [E]nable.
Enter the port numbers according to these conventions:
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[D] Disable CDP on Port(s)—Enter the ports on which you want to disable CDP. Use the conventions described in the previous paragraph.
[S] Show Neighbor—Display the following information about that device (see also Figure 4-15). The first two lines in the display define the abbreviations used.
If a neighboring Catalyst 2820 or Catalyst 1900 cluster member does not have an IP address before it joins a cluster, the command switch IP address is displayed in the IP Address column.
Figure 4-15 Show Neighbor Display
Capability Codes: R - Router, T - Trans Bridge, B - Source Route BridgeS - Switch, P - Repeater, H - Host, I - IGMPDeviceID IP Addr Local Port Capability Platform Remote Port00E01E871FC0 10.1.126.46 4 TS cisco 2820 300C01D80727 10.1.126.47 6 TS cisco 2820 10Press any key to continue.Cisco Group Management Protocol Configuration Menu
A multicast packet is information sent to multiple recipients from one sender. However, sometimes multicast traffic needs to be received only on certain networks segments, and not all. Indiscriminant flooding of multicast traffic can waste bandwidth on the switch and congest each segment.
The Cisco Group Management Protocol (CGMP) dynamically creates CGMP groups, which are designated recipients of multicast traffic. This limits the transmission of multicast packets to only end-stations that request them, thereby reducing flooding of multicast traffic within the network.
IP multicast routers are required to forward multicast packets across an IP internetwork. CGMP filtering requires a network connection from a CGMP-enabled switch to a router running CGMP. End stations issue join messages to become part of a CGMP group and issue leave messages to leave the group. A CGMP-enabled router sends CGMP packets to inform the switch when specific end-stations join or leave a CGMP group. When CGMP is enabled on the switch, the switch ports forward multicast traffic only to CGMP group members.
A CGMP group remains in the switch IP Multicast Address Table until all members have left that group. The switch supports up to 64 IP multicast group registrations.
For additional information, see the
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For information about IP multicast, including Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP), refer to RFC 1112.
To display the (), enter the [G] Cisco Group Management Protocol option from the .
Figure 4-16 Cisco Group Management Protocol (CGMP) Configuration Menu
Catalyst 2820 - Cisco Group Management Protocol (CGMP) Configuration--------------------Settings------------------[H] Router Hold Time (secs) 300[C] CGMP Enabled[F] CGMP Fast Leave Disabled--------------------Actions-------------------[L] List IP multicast addresses[R] Remove IP multicast addresses[X] Exit to previous menuEnter Selection:[H] Router Hold Time (secs)—Enter the number of seconds (between 5 and 900) the switch waits for keepalive messages before deleting CGMP-learned multicast groups. By default, the router hold time is 600.
Multicast routers that support CGMP periodically send CGMP join messages to advertise themselves to switches within a network. A receiving switch saves the information and sets a timer equal to the router hold time. The timer is updated every time the switch receives a CGMP join message advertising itself. When the last router hold time expires, the switch removes all IP multicast groups learned from CGMP.
[C] CGMP—Enter [E]nable to enable CGMP on the switch. Enter [D]isable this option. The default is [E]nable.
[F] CGMP Fast Leave—Enter [E]nable to enable CGMP Fast Leave on the switch. Enter [D]isable this option. The default is [D]isable.
The Fast Leave option can eliminate unnecessary multicast traffic to switch ports, which no longer have group members interested in that specific multicast traffic.
Note
When this option is enabled, the following rules are in effect:
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[L] List IP multicast addresses—Display a list, which the switch automatically creates and dynamically maintains, of the addresses of designated multicast recipients and the associated switch port(s) through which multicast traffic are forwarded to those recipients. This list is also known as the IP Multicast Address Table.
If you have configured bridge groups, the bridge group number is not displayed on the IP Multicast Address Table. For more information about bridge groups, see the "Bridge Group Configuration Menu" section.
[R] Remove IP multicast addresses—Remove an IP multicast address from the IP multicast address list.
Caution
HTTP Server Configuration Menu
To display the (), enter the [H] HTTP Server Configuration option from the .
Figure 4-17 HTTP Server Configuration Menu
Catalyst 2820 - HTTP Server Configuration----------------------- Settings ---------------------------------------[H] HTTP Enabled[P] HTTP Port 80[X] Exit to previous menuEnter Selection:[H] HTTP—Enter [E]nable if you want to access the Catalyst 2820 Switch Manager through one of the switch ports. Enter [D]isable to disable this option. The default is [E]nable.
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[P] HTTP Port—Enter a port number (0 to 65535) on which the HTTP server listens for HTTP connections. The default is 80.
Cluster Management Menu
You can configure and monitor the switch from a Catalyst 2900 XL or Catalyst 3500 XL command switch if the switch is member of a switch cluster. All cluster management tasks (such as joining a cluster) are performed from the Cluster Management applications on the command switch. However, you can use this menu to remove the switch from the cluster.
For the requirements on becoming a cluster member and the configuration changes upon joining a cluster, see the "Cluster Management and Membership" section. For complete information about cluster management and membership, refer to the Cisco IOS Desktop Switch Software Configuration Guide, Catalyst 2900 Series XL and Catalyst 3500 Series XL Cisco IOS Release 12.0(5)XP.
To display the (), enter the [R] Cluster Management option from the .
Figure 4-18 Cluster Management Menu
Catalyst 2820 - Cluster Management----------------------- Information ------------------------------------Cluster nameMember numberManagement IP address 0.0.0.0Command device MAC address----------------------- Actions ----------------------------------------[R] Remove From Cluster[X] Exit to Main MenuEnter Selection:When the switch is a cluster member, the display fields on this menu show the cluster name (which is not the same as the command switch name), IP address, and MAC address of the command switch. This menu also displays the membership number of the switch as a member switch.
[R] Remove From Cluster—Remove the switch from its current cluster.
Note
We recommend using the command-switch management interfaces to remove member switches from a cluster. If you want to add the switch to a cluster but had previously used the [R] Remove From Cluster option to remove it from a cluster, you must use one of the command-switch management interfaces to remove and then add the switch.
Port Configuration Menu
When you enter the [P] Port Configuration option from the , the following prompt is displayed:
Identify Port: 1 to 24[1-24], [AUI], [A1]-[An], [B1]-[Bn]:Select [1 - 24, AUI, A1 - An, B1 - Bn]:where n indicates the port number on the module.
At the prompt, enter the specific port that you want to configure.
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Figure 4-19 Port Configuration Menu (10BaseT Ports)
Catalyst 2820 - Port 1 ConfigurationBuilt-in 10Base-T802.1d STP State: Blocking Forward Transitions: 0--------------------Settings------------------[D] Description/name of port[S] Status of port Suspended-no-linkbeat[F] Full duplex Disabled[I] Port priority (spanning tree) 128 (80 hex)[C] Path cost (spanning tree) 100[H] Port fast mode (spanning tree) Enabled------------------Related Menus---------------[A] Port addressing [V] View port statistics[N] Next port [G] Goto port[P] Previous port [X] Exit to Main MenuEnter Selection:For field descriptions, see the "Common Port Settings" section and the "10BaseT and 100BaseT Switched and Shared Port Settings" section.
Figure 4-20 Port Configuration Menu (Switched 100BaseT Ports)
Catalyst 2820 - Port A1 Configuration (Left Slot)Module Name: 100Base-TX(1 Port UTP Model), Version 0Description: 1 Port 100Base-TX802.1d STP State: Blocking Forward Transitions: 0----------------------- Settings ---------------------------------------[D] Description/name of port----------------------- Module Settings --------------------------------[M] Module status Suspended-no-linkbeat[I] Port priority (spanning tree) 128 (80 hex)[C] Path cost (spanning tree) 10[H] Port fast mode (spanning tree) Disabled[E] Enhanced congestion control Disabled[F] Full duplex / Flow control Half duplex----------------------- Related Menus ----------------------------------[A] Port addressing [V] View port statistics[N] Next port [G] Goto port[P] Previous port [X] Exit to Main MenuEnter Selection:For field descriptions, see the "Common Port Settings" section and the "10BaseT and 100BaseT Switched and Shared Port Settings" section.
Figure 4-21 Port Configuration Menu (Shared 100BaseT Ports)
Catalyst 2820 - Port B1 Configuration (Right Slot)Module Name: 100Base-TX(8 Port UTP Model), Version 0Description: 8 Port 100Base-TX Class 2 Repeater802.1d STP State: Blocking Forward Transitions: 0----------------------- Settings ---------------------------------------[D] Description/name of port[S] Status of port Suspended-no-linkbeat----------------------- Module Settings --------------------------------[M] Module status Suspended-no-linkbeat[I] Port priority (spanning tree) 128 (80 hex)[C] Path cost (spanning tree) 10[H] Port fast mode (spanning tree) Disabled[E] Enhanced congestion control Disabled----------------------- Related Menus ----------------------------------[A] Port addressing [V] View port statistics[N] Next port [G] Goto port[P] Previous port [X] Exit to Main MenuEnter Selection:For field descriptions, see the "Common Port Settings" section and the "10BaseT and 100BaseT Switched and Shared Port Settings" section.
Figure 4-22 Port Configuration Menu (FDDI Ports)
Catalyst 2820 - Port B1 Configuration (Right Slot)Module Name: FDDI (Fiber SAS Model), Version 00Description: Single Attach Station Ring Status: Not operational802.1d STP State: Blocking Forward Transitions: 0----------------------- Settings ---------------------------------------[D] Description/name of port----------------------- Module Settings --------------------------------[M] Module status Suspended-ring-down[I] Port priority (spanning tree) 128 (80 hex)[C] Path cost (spanning tree) 10[H] Port fast mode (spanning tree) Disabled[L] Novell SNAP frame translation Automatic[U] Unmatched SNAP frame destination All----------------------- Actions ----------------------------------------[R] Reset module [F] Reset module with factory defaults----------------------- Related Menus ----------------------------------[1] Basic FDDI settings [2] Secondary FDDI settings[A] Port addressing [V] View port statistics[N] Next port [G] Goto port[P] Previous port [X] Exit to Main MenuEnter Selection:For field descriptions, see the "Common Port Settings" section and the "FDDI Port Settings" section.
Figure 4-23 Port Configuration Menu (ATM Ports)
Catalyst 2820 - Port B Configuration (Right Slot)Module Name: ATM 155 MM Fiber, Version 02Description: Multimode Fiber ATM Network Status: Not operational802.1d STP State: Blocking Forward Transitions: 0----------------------- Settings ---------------------------------------[D] Description/name of port----------------------- Module Settings --------------------------------[M] Module status Suspended-ATM-network-down[I] Port priority (spanning tree) 128 (80 hex)[C] Path cost (spanning tree) 10[H] Port fast mode (spanning tree) Disabled----------------------- Actions ----------------------------------------[R] Reset module [F] Reset module with factory defaults----------------------- Related Menus ----------------------------------[K] Command Line Interface [L] ATM and LANE status[A] Port addressing [V] View port statistics[N] Next port [G] Goto port[P] Previous port [X] Exit to Main MenuEnter Selection:For field descriptions, see the "Common Port Settings" section and the "ATM Port Settings" section.
Common Port Settings
The following fields are common among all ports, unless otherwise stated.
The STP State field displays the STP state of the port. A port can be in one of the following states:
The Forward Transitions column displays the number of times STP changed forwarding states.
Note
[D] Description/name of port—Enter the name or description (up to 60 characters) of the port.
[S] Status of port (10BaseT ports only)—Enter [E]nable to enable the port to transmit and receive data. Enter [D]isable to disable the port. The default is [E]nable.
[M] Module status (module ports only)—Enter [E]nable to enable the port to transmit and receive data. Enter [D]isable to disable the port. The default is [E]nable.
For the 100BaseT repeater modules, this setting affects all of the repeater ports. Attempts to enable a module that is disabled because of a hardware failure will not succeed, and the module will automatically return to a disabled state.
Security violations, management intervention, or actions of the Spanning-Tree Protocol (STP) can change the port status. No packets are forwarded to or from a disabled or suspended port. However, suspended ports do monitor incoming packets to look for an activating condition. For example, when a linkbeat returns, a port suspended for no linkbeat returns to the enabled state.
Each port is always in one of the states listed in .
[I] Port priority—Enter a number from 0 to 255 for each port. The default is 128. The lower the number, the higher the priority. The higher priority port remains enabled by STP if two ports form a loop.
[C] Path cost—Enter a number from 1 to 65535 for each port. The default for the 10-Mbps ports is 100. The default for the 100-Mbps ports is 10.
The path cost is inversely proportional to the LAN speed of the network interface at the port. A high path cost means the port has low bandwidth and should not be used, if possible. A lower path cost represents higher-speed transmission; this setting can affect which port remains enabled in the event of a loop.
This option also affects which port is to remain enabled by STP if another bridge device forms a loop with the switch.
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[H] Port Fast mode—Enter [E]nable to enable Port Fast on a port. The default for the 10-Mbps ports is [E]nable. The default for the 100-Mbps ports is [D]isable.
Port Fast mode immediately brings a port from the blocking state into the forwarding state by eliminating the forward delay (the amount of time a port waits before changing from its STP learning and listening states to the forwarding state).
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When the switch is powered up, the forwarding state, even if Port Fast mode is enabled, is delayed to allow the Spanning-Tree Protocol to discover the topology of the network and ensure no temporary loops are formed. Spanning-tree discovery takes approximately 30 seconds to complete, and no packet forwarding takes place during this time. After the initial discovery, Port Fast-enabled ports transition directly from the blocking state to the forwarding state.[R] Reset module—Enter [Y]es or [N]o to reset the FDDI or ATM module.
[F] Reset module with factory defaults—Enter [Y]es or [N]o to reset the FDDI or ATM module to the factory default settings.
For information about resetting the switch to factory defaults, see the "System Configuration Menu" section and the "Resetting the Switch to the Factory Defaults" section.
[A] Port addressing—Display the .
[V] View port statistics—Display the Detailed Port Statistics Report.
[N] Next port—Display the Port Configuration Menu for the next sequentially numbered port of the switch.
[G] Go to port—Display the Port Configuration Menu for a specified port. The following prompt is displayed:
Identify Port: 1 to 24[1-24], [AUI], [A1]-[An], [B1]-[Bn]:Select [1 - 24, AUI, A1 - An, B1 - Bn]:where n indicates the port number on the module.
[P] Previous port—Display the Port Configuration Menu for the port number that is one less than the current port. (That is, if you are viewing the menu for port 5 and you select this option, the menu for port 4 is displayed.)
10BaseT and 100BaseT Switched and Shared Port Settings
The following fields are common to the Port Configuration Menus (unless otherwise stated) for the 10BaseT ports and the Catalyst 2820 10-Mbps and 100-Mbps switched and shared module ports (Figure 4-19, Figure 4-20, and Figure 4-21). For descriptions of common fields, see the "Common Port Settings" section.
[F] Full duplex (10-Mbps ports)—Enter [E] to enable full-duplex transmission on a 10BaseT port. Enter [D]isable if you want the ports to operate in half duplex. The default is [D]isable (half duplex enabled).
For information about full-duplex operation, see the "Full-Duplex Operation" section. For information about using the half-duplex back pressure option on the 10-Mbps ports, see the "System Configuration Menu" section.
[F] Full-duplex/Flow Control (100-Mbps switch module ports)—Enter one of the settings: [1] Full duplex, [2] Half duplex, or [3] Full duplex with flow control. The default is [2] Half duplex.
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For more information about this options, see the following:
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[E] Enhanced congestion control (100-Mbps switched module ports)—Enter one of the following options:
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By default, enhanced congestion control (ECC) is disabled on all 10-Mbps ports. An ECC-enabled port accelerates transmission of frames and empties its queue more quickly. This option reduces congestion on the switch and keeps the switch from dropping frames because of full transmit queues. The ECC option can be enabled on half-duplex ports and can be configured on a per-port basis on the 100-Mbps ports.
For information about ECC on the 10-Mbps ports, see the . ECC on the 10-Mbps ports is set on a global basis, not on a per-port basis.
Full-Duplex Operation
Full-duplex operation is the simultaneous transmission of data in both directions across a link. For example, a 100-Mbps port operating in full-duplex mode can provide up to 200 Mbps of bandwidth across the switched link.
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Flow Control
Flow control is a function whereby the transmitting station does not send data or control information faster than the receiving station can accept it. This prevents the loss of outgoing packets during transmission. If the switch is transmitting packets faster than the attached device can receive and process them, the attached device sends pause-control frames when its port buffer becomes full. When you use the full-duplex with flow control option on a 100-Mbps port, the switch port responds to the pause-control frames sent from the attached device. The switch holds subsequent transmissions in the port queue for the time specified in the pause-control frame. When no more pause-control frames are received, or when the default time specified has passed, the switch resumes transmitting frames through the port.
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FDDI Port Settings
The following fields are specific to the (Figure 4-22). For descriptions of common fields, see the "Common Port Settings" section.
[L] Novell SNAP frame translation—Enter [1] Automatic, [2] Ethernet 802.3, [3] Ethernet SNAP, [4] Ethernet II, or [5] Drop to change how the switch reinstalls Novell SNAP FDDI frames. The default is [1] Automatic. For more information about the FDDI ports, refer to the Catalyst 2820 Modules User Guide.
[U] Unmatched SNAP frame destination—Enter [1] All, [2] Ethernet 802.3, [3] Ethernet SNAP, [4] Ethernet II, or [5] Drop to select which FDDI-to-Ethernet translation to use for packets whose destinations cannot be determined from the Novell SNAP translation table. The default is [1] All.
This option is available only when you have selected the [1] Automatic option in the SNAP translation field.
[1] Basic FDDI settings—Display the .
[2] Secondary FDDI settings—Display the .
ATM Port Settings
The following fields are specific to the (Figure 4-23). For descriptions of common fields, see the "Common Port Settings" section.
[K] Command Line Interface—Open a command-line interface (CLI) session to the ATM module. You can use the CLI to configure parameters and display status of the module. For more information, refer to the Catalyst 2820 ATM Modules Installation and Configuration Guide.
[L] ATM and LANE status—Display the .
Basic FDDI Settings Menu
To display the (), enter the [1] Basic FDDI settings option from the . Use this menu to display the most common FDDI settings. You can change some parameters displayed on this menu from the Port Configuration Menu for the FDDI Ports.
Figure 4-24 Port Basic FDDI Settings Menu
Catalyst 2820 - Port B1 (Right Slot) Basic FDDI Settings----------------------- MAC and SMT Information -----------------------SMT version 2 Upstream neighbor 00-00-F8-00-00-00MIB version 1 Station address 00-00-00-60-8C-FC-00-3FNumber of MACs 1 Downstream neighbor 00-00-F8-00-00-00Non master ports 1 Optical bypass Not presentECM state In Attachment state Isolated------Port Information------- ------S Port------Connection policy (rejects) NoneNeighbor type NoneCurrent path IsolatedAvailable paths PrimaryPMD class MultimodePCM state ConnectLink error alarm activated FalseLink confidence test failures 0Link error monitor rejections 0Aggregate link error count 0Select [2] Secondary FDDI settings, [A] Port addressing,[C] Configure port, [V] View port statistics,[X] Exit to Main Menu:describes the MAC and SMT information fields. describes the Port Information fields.
[2] Secondary FDDI settings—Display the .
[C] Configure port—Display the .
[A] Port addressing—Display the .
[V] View port statistics—Display the .
Secondary FDDI Settings Menu
To display the (), enter the [2] Secondary FDDI settings option from the . Use this menu to display the most common FDDI settings. You can change some parameters displayed on this menu from the Port Configuration Menu for the FDDI Ports.
Figure 4-25 Port Secondary FDDI Settings Menu
Catalyst 2820 - Port B1 (Right Slot) Secondary FDDI Settings----------------------- MAC and SMT Information ------------------------Remote disconnect flag FalseStation path status SeparatedRequested token rotation time 164986880 nsNegotiated token rotation time 164986880 nsOld upstream neighbor 00-00-F8-00-00-00Old downstream neighbor 00-00-F8-00-00-00MAC's downstream port type NoneFrame error flag FalseFrame processing functions fs_repeatingMAC's available paths Primary----------------------- Settings ---------------------------------------[N] Notification timer value 30 second(s)[U] Use authorization string Disabled[S] Authorization string[1] Basic FDDI settings [A] Port addressing[C] Configure port [V] View port statistics[X] Exit to Main MenuEnter Selection:describes the MAC and SMT information fields.
[N] Notification timer value—Enter the number of seconds (2 to 30) to assign to the fddimibSMTTNotifytimer object used in the Neighbor Notification protocol. The default is 30.
[U] Use authorization string—Enter [E]nable if you want the switch to check the authorization for the SMT entity. Enter [D]isable if you do not want the switch to check the authorization for the SMT entity. The default is [D]isable.
[S] Authorization string—Enter the authorization string (0 to 32 bytes; the length must be a multiple of 4 bytes). The default setting is mgmtpswd.
[1] Basic FDDI settings—Display the .
[C] Configure port—Display the .
[A] Port addressing—Display the .
[V] View port statistics—Display the .
ATM and LANE Status Display
To display the (), enter the [L] ATM and LANE status option from the . Use this display to verify the operational status of the ATM and LANE connections.
Figure 4-26 ATM and LANE Status Display
Catalyst 2820 - Port A (Left Slot)ATM and LANE Status----------------------- Module Status ----------------------------------Up time 0d00h07m07sFirmware version v11.3(1)TMAC address of the module 00-E0-1E-87-21-5DATM physical link status Not operationalATM traffic mode None[X] Exit to previous menuEnter Selection:Port Addressing Menu
The switches use source address tables (filters) to efficiently forward packets between the switch ports. Address filtering applies only to incoming (received) traffic on the switch. The source address tables list the source addresses (sending end-stations) and the associated switch port(s) through which packets are forwarded to the destination end-stations.
Packets with static addresses are usually received on any source port. The switch also supports source-port filtering on unicast and multicast addresses. This enhanced filtering enables the switch to only forward packets from source addresses when they are received on specified switch ports. These source addresses are referred to as restricted static addresses.
Depending on the model, the switch can store:
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For additional traffic control options, see the following sections:
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When you enter the [A] Port Addressing option from the , the following prompt is displayed:
Identify Port: 1 to 24[1-24], [AUI], [A1], [B1]:Select [1 - 24, AUI, A, B]:At the prompt, enter the specific port that you want to configure. The () is displayed.
Figure 4-27 Port Addressing Menu
Catalyst 2820 - Port 1 AddressingAddress : Unaddressed----------------------- Settings ---------------------------------------[T] Address table size Unrestricted[S] Addressing security Disabled[K] Clear addresses on link down Disabled[U] Flood unknown unicasts Enabled[M] Flood unregistered multicasts Enabled----------------------- Actions ----------------------------------------[A] Add a static address[D] Define restricted static address[L] List addresses[E] Erase an address[R] Remove all addresses[C] Configure port [V] View port statistics[N] Next port [G] Goto port[P] Previous port [X] Exit to Main MenuEnter Selection:The top of the menu displays the current addressing situation:
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The switch provides dynamic addressing by learning the source MAC address of each packet received on each switch port and then adding the address and its associated forwarding switch port number to the Dynamic Address Table. As end-stations are added or removed from the network, the switch updates the table, adding new entries and removing unused ones.
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The entries in the Permanent Unicast Address Table allow MAC addresses to be permanently associated with a switch port. Unlike the Dynamic Address Table, the entries in the Permanent Unicast Address Table are manually assigned (static) or sticky-learned (see the [D] Define a restricted static address option on this menu). If the address table is full, an error message is generated. You can change the size of the address table by using the [T] Address Table Size option on this menu.
[T] Address Table Size—Enter the number (1 and 132) of addresses assigned to a secure port. If the port is not a secure port, 0 is the value in Address Table Size field. A secure port can have from 1 to 132 secure addresses associated with it.
Limiting the number of devices that can connect to a secure port has the following advantages:
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[S] Addressing security—Enter [E]nable to secure the port. Enter [D]isable to disable this option. The default is [D]isable.
Secure ports restrict the use of a switch port to a specific group of source addresses (sending end-stations). When you assign source addresses to a secure port, the switch does not forward any packets from addresses outside that group. For information about static addresses, see the [D] Define a restricted static address option on this menu.
The source addresses on a secure port are manually assigned (static) or sticky-learned. Sticky-learning takes place when the address table for a secure port does not contain a full complement of static addresses. The port sticky-learns the source address of incoming packets and automatically assigns them as static addresses.
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[K] Clear addresses on link down—Enter [E]nable if you want the port to clear its address associations on linkDown. Enter [D]isable if you want the port to retain its association with all static addresses even if it loses link. The default is [D]isable.
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[U] Flood unknown unicasts—Enter [E]nable if you want unknown unicast addresses forwarded to the port. Enter [D]isable to prevent forwarding of unknown unicast addresses to this port. The default is [E]nable. For more information, see the "Flooding of Unknown MAC Addresses" section.
You can assign a network port to which all unknown unicast addresses are forwarded. For more information, see the "System Configuration Menu" section.
[M] Flood unregistered multicasts—Enter [E]nable if you want unknown unregistered multicast addresses forwarded to this port. Enter [D]isable to prevent forwarding of unknown multicast addresses to this port. The default is [E]nable. For more information, see the "Flooding of Unknown MAC Addresses" section.
[A] Add a static address—Enter the unicast source MAC address. Use six hexadecimal octets, spaces are optional (such as hh hh hh hh hh hh or hhhhhhhhhhhh).
Note
Static entries do not age out and must be manually removed from the table.
[D] Define a restricted static address—Enter the unicast or multicast source MAC address in this field. Use six hexadecimal octets, spaces are optional (such as hh hh hh hh hh hh or hhhhhhhhhhhh). You are then prompted to enter the port numbers allowed to send to this address. If there are any typing errors, the prompt is redisplayed.
A restricted static address is accompanied by a list of ports that are allowed to send packets to this address and port.
[L] List addresses—List all dynamic and static addresses that belong to this port. The switch displays up to 15 addresses per display; static addresses are listed first.
[E] Erase an address—Remove a dynamic or static address assigned to the current port. Static entries do not age out and must be manually removed from the address table.
[R] Remove all addresses—Enter [Y]es to remove all dynamic and static addresses currently associated with the port. Enter [N]o to retain the address associations on the port. Static entries do not age out and must be manually removed from the address table.
[C] Configure port—Display the Port Configuration Menu.
[V] View port statistics—Display the Detailed Port Statistics Report.
[N] Next port—Display the for the next sequentially numbered port of the switch.
[G] Go to port—Display the for a specified port. The following prompt is displayed:
Identify Port: 1 to 24[1-24], [AUI], [A], [B]:Select [1 - 24, AUI, A, B]:[P] Previous port—Display the for the port number that is one less than the current port. (That is, if you are viewing the menu for port 5 and you select this option, the menu for port 4 is displayed.)
Flooding of Unknown MAC Addresses
By default, all switch ports are enabled to forward unicast and multicast packets with unknown destination Media Access Control (MAC) addresses. You can enable or disable flooding on a per-port basis.
A unicast packet is information addressed to one recipient from one sender. This type of traffic typically comprises the bulk of traffic on an Ethernet LAN. A multicast packet is information sent to multiple recipients from one sender. This lightens the load on the sender and on the network because only one data stream is sent, rather than one per recipient. A broadcast packet is information sent to all nodes within a single network segment and can be a major source of congestion.
The switch forwards each unicast or multicast packet it receives according to the entries stored in the switch content-addressable memory (CAM) table. The table entries are mappings of the MAC addresses of destination end-stations and of the associated switch ports through which incoming packets are forwarded to those destination end-stations.
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Flooding is the forwarding of unicast or multicast packets with unknown destination addresses to all the switch ports. (A broadcast packet is always forwarded [flooded] to all ports.) Flooding adds traffic on the switch ports. In some configurations, flooding could be unnecessary. For example, there are no unknown destinations on switch ports with only statically assigned addresses or single stations attached. In this case, you can disable flooding on these ports.
You can assign a network port to which all unknown unicast addresses are forwarded. For more information, see the "System Configuration Menu" section.
Depending on the model, the switch can store:
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For information about multicast packet control, see the "Cisco Group Management Protocol Configuration Menu" section. For information about broadcast storm control, see the "Broadcast Storm Control Menu" section.
Port Statistics Report
The Detailed Port Statistics Report displays the receive and transmit statistics for the port you select. You can use this page to help identify performance or connectivity problems, which are listed under the Errors area of the menu. For example, Frame Check Sequence (FCS) and alignment errors could be the result of cabling problems such as the following:
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Note
When you enter the [D] Port Statistics Detail option from the , the following prompt is displayed:
Identify Port: 1 to 24[1-24], [AUI], [A1], [B1]:Select [1 - 24, AUI, A, B]:At the prompt, enter the specific port for which you want to display the statistics and errors.
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Common Options
The following options are common among the Port Statistics Reports for all ports.
[A] Port addressing—Display the .
[C] Configure port—Display the Port Configuration Menu.
[R] Reset port statistics—Enter [Y]es to clear the port statistics. To update the display, press the Spacebar.
[N] Next port—Display the Detailed Port Statistics Report for the next sequentially numbered port of the switch.
[G] Go to port—Display the Detailed Port Statistics Report for a specific port. The following prompt is displayed:
Identify Port: 1 to 24[1-24], [AUI], [A1], [B1]:Select [1 - 24, AUI, A, B]:[P] Previous port—Display the Detailed Port Statistics Report for the port number that is one less than the current port. (That is, if you are viewing the menu for port 5 and you select this option, the menu for port 4 is displayed.)
10BaseT and 100BaseT Port Statistics
The following error fields are common to the Port Statistics Reports for the 10BaseT ports and the Catalyst 2820 10-Mbps and 100-Mbps switched and shared module ports (Figure 4-28). describes the types of errors.
For descriptions of common fields, see the "Common Port Settings" section.
Figure 4-28 Detailed Port Statistics Report for 10BaseT and 100BaseT Ports
Catalyst 2820 - Port 1 Statistics ReportReceive Statistics Transmit Statistics------------------------------- -------------------------------------Total good frames 0 Total frames 0Total octets 0 Total octets 0Broadcast/multicast frames 0 Broadcast/multicast frames 0Broadcast/multicast octets 0 Broadcast/multicast octets 0Good frames forwarded 0 Deferrals 0Frames filtered 0 Single collisions 0Runt frames 0 Multiple collisions 0No buffer discards 0 Excessive collisions 0Queue full discards 0Errors: Errors:FCS errors 0 Late collisions 0Alignment errors 0 Excessive deferrals 0Giant frames 0 Jabber errors 0Address violations 0 Other transmit errors 0Select [A] Port addressing, [C] Configure port,[N] Next port, [P] Previous port, [G] Goto port,[R] Reset port statistics, or [X] Exit to Main Menu:
FDDI Port Statistics
The following error fields are displayed from the Port Statistics Reports for the FDDI module ports (Figure 4-29). describes the types of errors.
For descriptions of common fields, see the "Common Port Settings" section.
Figure 4-29 Detailed Port Statistics Report for FDDI Ports
Catalyst 2820 - Port A (Left Slot) Statistics ReportReceive Statistics Transmit Statistics------------------------------------------------------------------------Good FDDI frames 0 Good FDDI frames 5Good FDDI octets 0 Good FDDI octets 389No buffer discards 0 No buffer discards 0IP frames fragmented 0 Ring down discards 0Frames filtered 0 Queue full discards 0Good frames forwarded 0Errors:FCS Error 0Invalid data length 0Error flag set 0Bad IP header 0Other receive errors 0Address violations 0Select [A] Port addressing, [C] Configure port,[N] Next port, [P] Previous port, [G] Goto port,[R] Reset port statistics, or [X] Exit to Main Menu:
ATM Port Statistics
The following error fields are displayed from the Port Statistics Reports for the ATM module ports (Figure 4-30). This report displays the statistics that verify that the ATM module is transmitting and receiving data across the ATM network. describes the types of errors.
For descriptions of common fields, see the "Common Port Settings" section.
Figure 4-30 Detailed Port Statistics Report for ATM Ports
Catalyst 2820 - Port B (Right Slot)Receive Statistics Transmit Statistics------------------------------------------------------------------------Good AAL5 frames 0 Good AAL5frames 1Good ATM cells 0 Good ATM cells 3Broadcast/multicast frames 0 Broadcast/multicast frames 0Good frames forwarded 0 Queue full discards 0Frames filtered 0Runt frames 0No buffer discards 0Other discards 0Errors:CRC errors 0Cell HEC errors 0Giant frames 0Address violations 0Select [A] Port addressing, [C] Configure port,[N] Next port, [P] Previous port, [G] Goto port,[R] Reset port statistics, or [X] Exit to Main Menu:
Monitoring Configuration Menu
The remote monitoring (RMON) capability on the switch helps you monitor network traffic traversing the switch, and with the Switched Port Analyzer (SPAN) feature, you can use a single network analyzer to monitor traffic on any of the switch ports. You simply attach the network analyzer to a switch port, using that port as a monitoring port. You can also use a network analyzer on the monitoring port to troubleshoot network problems by examining the traffic on other Cisco switched ports or segments.
By default, no port on the switch is designated as the monitoring port, and no ports on the switch are monitored. Remember the following restrictions when monitoring ports:
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To display the (), enter the [M] Monitoring option from the .
Figure 4-31 Monitoring Configuration Menu
Catalyst 2820 - Monitoring Configuration--------------------Settings------------------[C] Capturing frames to the Monitor Disabled[M] Monitor port assignment NoneCurrent capture list: No ports in list--------------------Actions-------------------[A] Add ports to capture list[D] Delete ports from capture list[X] Exit to Main MenuEnter Selection:
Note
[C] Capturing frames to the Monitor—Enter [E]nable to enable port monitoring on the switch. Enter [D]isable to disable port monitoring. The default is [D]isable.
[M] Monitor port assignment—Enter the monitoring port (the port to which captured frames are sent). The default is None.
You can designate any port as the monitoring port, but the following restrictions apply:
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[A] Add ports to capture list—Enter the port(s) you want to monitor. The port capture list can include any number of the ports, from none to all ports.
[D] Delete ports from capture list—Enter the port(s) you want to delete from the capture list.
Bridge Group Configuration Menu
Bridge groups can create segmented switching domains when you assign switch ports to specific user groups (such as engineering and finance). Traffic is confined to hosts within each bridge group, but not between the bridge groups. Using bridge groups has the following benefits:
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The bridge group option assigns the switch ports to a particular spanning-tree group. Use this menu to organize the ports on the switch into one or more bridge groups. Bridge group 1 is always the management bridge group.
By default, all ports are assigned to bridge group 1. A port must always be a member of at least one bridge group and can belong to more than one bridge group if you enable the [O] Overlapping of Bridge Groups Permitted option.
The switch IP address must be assigned to the management bridge group to allow the switch to communicate with devices within the bridge group without the use of a router. Devices in other bridge groups can only communicate with the switch if the other bridge groups are connected to the management bridge group by a router.
A separate spanning-tree instance runs on each bridge group, and each bridge group participates in a separate spanning tree. Overlapping ports (ports that belong to more than one bridge group) participate in all spanning trees to which they belong.
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Note
For information about VLANs, see the Catalyst 1900 Series and Catalyst 2820 Series Enterprise Edition Software Configuration Guide.
To display the (), enter the [B] Bridge Group option from the .
Figure 4-32 Bridge Group Configuration Menu
Catalyst 2820 - Bridge Group ConfigurationBridge Group Member Ports-----------------------------------------------------------------------1 1-24, AUI, A, B2 None3 None4 None----------------------- Settings ---------------------------------------[O] Overlapping of Bridge Groups Permitted Disabled----------------------- Actions ----------------------------------------[M] Move member ports[X] Exit to Main MenuEnter Selection:[O] Overlapping of Bridge Groups Permitted—Enter [E]nable if you want the ports to belong to more than one bridge group. Enter [D]isable to disable this option. The default is [D]isable.
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[M] Move member ports—Remove one or more ports from their current bridge groups and add to another bridge group. This option is available only when the [O] Overlapping of Bridge Groups Permitted option is disabled.
[A] Add member ports—Add one or more ports to a bridge group. The ports are not removed from any bridge groups to which they currently belong. This option is available only when the [O] Overlapping of Bridge Groups Permitted option is enabled.
[D] Delete member ports—Delete one or more ports from a bridge group. The ports are removed only if they belong to at least one other bridge group. This option is available only when the [O] Overlapping of Bridge Groups Permitted option is enabled.
Multicast Registration Menu
By default, all multicast packets are forwarded to all ports on the switch. To reduce the amount of multicast flooding on the switch, you can register multicast addresses and list the ports to which these packets are to be forwarded. Unlike dynamic addresses, these Permanent Multicast Address Table entries are manually entered and thus are static. Static entries do not age out and must be manually removed from the table. Besides reducing unnecessary traffic, the multicast registration options open up the possibility of using multicast packets for dedicated groupcast applications such as broadcast video.
You can also disable the normal flooding of unregistered multicast packets on a per-port basis. For information about flooding multicast packets, see the "Flooding of Unknown MAC Addresses" section. For more information about controlling multicast traffic, see the "Cisco Group Management Protocol Configuration Menu" section.
To display the (), enter the [R] Multicast Registration option from the .
Figure 4-33 Multicast Registration Menu
Catalyst 2820 - Multicast RegistrationRegistered multicast addresses: 0--------------------Actions-------------------[R] Register a multicast address[L] List all multicast addresses[U] Unregister a multicast address[E] Erase all multicast addresses[X] Exit to Main MenuEnter Selection:The first line of the menu displays the number of registered multicast addresses.
[R] Register a multicast address—Enter the multicast addresses and the ports assigned to forward packets from those addresses. Use six hexadecimal octets, spaces are optional (such as hh hh hh hh hh hh or hhhhhhhhhhhh).
If you enter an invalid multicast address, the prompt refreshes itself so that you can try again. Invalid addresses include nonmulticast addresses, the broadcast address, and reserved multicast addresses, such as those used for Spanning-Tree Protocol.
The switch supports up to 64 IP multicast group registrations.
[L] List all registered multicast addresses—List all registered multicast addresses that exist in the switch. Addresses are listed with the port or ports to which they are assigned. Addresses with an asterisk are subject to source-port filtering.
The entries in the Permanent Multicast Address Table allow multicast addresses to be permanently associated with a switch port. Like the Permanent Unicast Address Table, the entries in the Permanent Multicast Address Table are manually entered.
For more information about source-port filtering, see the "Flooding of Unknown MAC Addresses" section.
[U] Unregister a multicast address—Delete registered multicast addresses. You cannot delete those multicast addresses that are not considered registered.
[E] Erase all registered multicast addresses—Remove all registered multicast addresses.
Firmware Configuration Menu
Cisco periodically provides new firmware to implement enhancements and maintenance releases. New firmware releases can be downloaded from Cisco Connection Online (CCO), the Cisco Systems' customer web site available at the following URLs: www.cisco.com, www-china.cisco.com, and www-europe.cisco.com.
The Firmware Version field and the Module Version field display the firmware version being used by the switch and the module(s).
Caution
Note
This section also provides information for upgrading the switch and module firmware:
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To display the (Figure 4-34), enter the [F] Firmware option from the .
Figure 4-34 Firmware Configuration Menu
Catalyst 2820 - Firmware Configuration----------------------- System Information -----------------------------FLASH: 1024K bytesV9.00.00 Standard EditionUpgrade status:No upgrade currently in progress.----------------------- Module Information -----------------------------Slot A v1.14: valid----------------------- Settings ---------------------------------------[S] TFTP Server name or IP address[F] Filename for firmware upgrades[A] Accept upgrade transfer from other hosts Disabled----------------------- Actions ----------------------------------------[1] Module (slot A) XMODEM upgrade [2] Module (slot B) XMODEM upgrade[3] Module (slot A) TFTP upgrade [4] Module (slot B) TFTP upgrade[U] System XMODEM upgrade [D] Download test subsystem (XMODEM)[T] System TFTP upgrade [X] Exit to Main MenuEnter Selection:The switch and module firmware versions and the size of the Flash memory are displayed in the System Information area in the menu. The Upgrade status field in the System Information area shows if a firmware upgrade is in progress.
[S] TFTP Server name or IP address—Enter the IP address of the TFTP server where the upgrade file is located. Use dotted quad format (nnn.nnn.nnn.nnn). If the switch is connected to a DNS server, you can enter the name of the device instead.
[F] Filename for firmware upgrades—Enter the name of the firmware upgrade file to be downloaded, and press Return.
[A] Accept upgrade transfer from other hosts—Enter [E]nable if you want the switch to accept an upgrade from another host on the network. Enter [D]isable to disable this option. The default is [D]isable.
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[U] System XMODEM upgrade—Enter [Y]es to begin the upgrade using XMODEM protocol. The following prompt appears:
Please initiate XMODEM transfer.Awaiting transfer . . . CC is the first XMODEM/CR protocol request. Use the appropriate application-specific command to start the download. When the download is complete, the switch resets, and the newly downloaded firmware begins to execute. The is displayed.
This option is not available during a Telnet session.
[T] System TFTP upgrade—Begin the upgrade from a TFTP server. The address of the server and the name of the file must already be set.
[D] Download test subsystem (XMODEM)—For Cisco personnel only. This option is not available during a Telnet session.
[1] FDDI or ATM (A) XMODEM upgrade—Begin the XMODEM upgrade of the FDDI or ATM firmware in expansion slot A.
[2] FDDI or ATM (B) XMODEM upgrade—Begin the XMODEM upgrade of the FDDI firmware in expansion slot B.
[3] FDDI or ATM (A) TFTP upgrade—Begin the TFTP download of FDDI firmware to slot A. The complete procedure is described in the "Downloading the Module Firmware from a TFTP Server" section.
[4] FDDI or ATM (B) TFTP upgrade—Begin the TFTP download of FDDI firmware to slot B. The complete procedure is described in the "Downloading the Module Firmware from a TFTP Server" section.
[X] Exit to Main Menu—Display the .
Upgrading the Switch Firmware
The Firmware Version field displays the firmware version being used by the switch.
Note
The following sections provide instructions on how to upgrade the switch firmware:
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Downloading the Switch Firmware from a TFTP Server
Caution
Follow these steps to download the latest firmware from a TFTP server to your switch.
Step 1
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If the switch is connected to a DNS server, you can enter the name of the TFTP server instead.
Step 3
Step 4
The switch contacts the server to download the upgrade file to the switch.
Step 5
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After the existing firmware validates the file, the new image is transferred into Flash memory, the switch resets, and the new firmware begins executing. If the upgrade file is invalid, the temporary image is discarded, the existing firmware continues to execute, and the firmware upgrade ends.
Downloading the Switch Firmware from a TFTP Client
Caution
Follow these steps to download the latest firmware from a TFTP client to your switch.
Step 1
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After the existing firmware validates the file, the new image is transferred into Flash memory, the switch resets, and the new firmware begins executing. If the upgrade file is invalid, the temporary image is discarded, the existing firmware continues to execute, and the firmware upgrade ends.
Step 6
Downloading the Switch Firmware with the XMODEM Protocol
This procedure is largely dependent on the modem software you are using. ProComm, HyperTerminal, tip, or minicom are examples of applications that use the XMODEM protocol.
Caution
Follow these steps to download the latest firmware by using XMODEM.
Step 1
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Step 5
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After the existing firmware validates the file, the new image is transferred into Flash memory, the switch resets, and the new firmware begins executing. If the upgrade file is invalid, the temporary image is discarded, the existing firmware continues to execute, and the firmware upgrade ends.
Upgrading the FDDI and ATM Module Firmware
The Module Version field displays the Catalyst 2820 switch FDDI and ATM module firmware versions used by the switch.
Note
The following sections provide instructions on how to upgrade the module firmware:
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Downloading the Module Firmware from a TFTP Server
Caution
Follow these steps to download the latest module firmware from a TFTP server to your FDDI or ATM module.
Step 1
Step 2
If the switch is connected to a DNS server, you can enter the name of the TFTP server instead.
Step 3
Step 4
The switch contacts the server to download the upgrade file to the module.
Step 5
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After existing firmware validates the file, the new image is transferred into Flash memory, the module resets, and the new firmware begins executing. If the upgrade file is invalid, the temporary image is discarded, the existing firmware continues to execute, and the firmware upgrade ends.
Downloading the Module Firmware from a TFTP Client
Caution
Follow these steps to download the latest module firmware from a TFTP client to your FDDI or ATM module.
Step 1
Step 2
Step 3
Note
Step 4
Step 5
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After existing firmware validates the file, the new image is transferred into Flash memory, the module resets, and the new firmware begins executing. If the upgrade file is invalid, the temporary image is discarded, the existing firmware continues to execute, and the firmware upgrade ends.
Step 6
Downloading the Module Firmware with the XMODEM Protocol
This procedure is largely dependent on the modem software you are using. ProComm, HyperTerminal, tip, or minicom are examples of applications that use the XMODEM protocol.
Caution
Follow these steps to download the latest module firmware to your FDDI or ATM module by using XMODEM.
Step 1
Step 2
Step 3
Step 4
Step 5
Step 6
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After existing firmware validates the file, the new image is transferred into Flash memory, the module resets, and the new firmware begins executing. If the upgrade file is invalid, the temporary image is discarded, the existing firmware continues to execute, and the firmware upgrade ends.
RS-232 Interface Configuration Menu
To display the (Figure 4-35), enter the [I] RS-232 Interface option from the .
Figure 4-35 RS-232 Port Configuration Menu
Catalyst 2820 - RS-232 Interface Configuration------------------Group Settings--------------[B] Baud rate 9600 baud[D] Data bits 8 bit(s)[S] Stop bits 1 bit(s)[P] Parity setting None--------------------Settings------------------[M] Match remote baud rate (auto baud) Enabled[A] Auto answer Enabled[N] Number for dial-out connection[T] Time delay between dial attempts 300[I] Initialization string for modem--------------------Actions-------------------[C] Cancel and restore previous group settings[G] Activate group settings[X] Exit to Main MenuEnter Selection:
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[B] Baud rate—Enter the baud rate (2400, 9600, 19200, 38400, or 57600) of the console port. The default is 9600.
[D] Data bits—Enter the data bits (7 and 8) for the console port. The default is 8.
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[S] Stop bits—Enter the stop bits value for the console port. The default is 1.
[P] Parity settings—Change the parity settings for the console port. The default is None.
[M] Match remote baud rate (auto baud)—Enter [E]nable to enable the console port to automatically match the baud rate of an incoming call. The switch only matches a baud rate lower than its configured baud rate. After the call, the switch reverts to its configured rate. Enter [D]isable to disable this option. The default is [E]nable.
[A] Auto answer—Enter [E]nable to enable the switch to automatically answer calls. Enter [D]isable to disable this option. The default is [E]nable.
[N] Number for dial-out connection—Enter the phone number (up to 48 characters) the switch is configured to use when dialing out. This number is dialed when the switch is configured to communicate with a remote terminal upon power-up or reset. If the dial-out is unsuccessful and auto-answer is enabled, the switch ceases dialing and awaits incoming calls.
To delete the number, press the Backspace key followed by Return. Use the format required by your modem when you enter the number.
[T] Time delay between attempts—Enter the number of seconds between dial-out attempts. Zero (0) disables retry. The default is 300 seconds.
[I] Initialization string for modem—Change the initialization string to match your modem requirements. Enter up to 48 characters.
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[C] Cancel and restore previous group settings—Undo any new values entered for the baud rate, data bits, stop bits, and parity setting. Values are restored to those last saved.
[G] Activate group settings—Activate the settings you have entered for baud rate, data bits, stops bits, and parity. After selecting this option, configure the attached management station to match the new settings.
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Usage Summary Menu
To display the (), enter the [U] Usage Summaries option from the . Use this menu to display summaries of network statistics for all ports. These reports are read-only.
Note
Figure 4-36 Usage Summary Menu
Catalyst 2820 - Usage Summaries[P] Port Status Report[M] Module Status Report[A] Port Addressing Report[E] Exception Statistics Report[U] Utilization Statistics Report[B] Bandwidth Usage Report[X] Exit to Main MenuEnter Selection:[P] Port Status Report—Display the .
[M] Module Status Report—Display the .
[A] Port Addressing Report—Display the .
[E] Exception Statistics Report—Display the .
[U] Utilization Statistics Report—Display the .
[B] Bandwidth Usage Report—Display the .
Port Status Report
To display the (), enter the [P] Port Status Report option from the . This report displays a summary of the status of all ports as defined on the Port Configuration Menu. Definitions of these terms can be found in the "Port Configuration Menu" section.
Figure 4-37 Port Status Report
Catalyst 2820 - Port Status Report1 : Suspended-no-linkbeat 13 : Suspended-no-linkbeat2 : Suspended-no-linkbeat 14 : Enabled3 : Suspended-no-linkbeat 15 : Enabled4 : Enabled 16 : Enabled5 : Enabled 17 : Enabled6 : Enabled 18 : Enabled7 : Enabled 19 : Suspended-no-linkbeat8 : Suspended-no-linkbeat 20 : Suspended-no-linkbeat9 : Enabled 21 : Enabled10 : Enabled 22 : Enabled11 : Enabled 23 : Suspended-no-linkbeat12 : Enabled 24 : Suspended-no-linkbeatAUI: EnabledA : EnabledB : EnabledMonitor port: None; Network port: NoneSelect [X] Exit to previous menu:Module Status Report
To display the (), enter the [M] Module Status Report option from the . This report displays a summary of the status of all ports as defined on the Port Configuration Menu. Definitions of these terms can be found in the "Port Configuration Menu" section.
Note
Figure 4-38 Module Status Report
Catalyst 2820 - Module Status ReportFDDI (Fiber SAS Model), Version 00 (Left Slot)Module Status: Suspended-ring-downPort A1: Suspended-ring-down100Base-TX(8 Port UTP Model), Version 0 (Right Slot)Module Status: Suspended-no-linkbeatPort B1: Suspended-no-linkbeat Port B5: Suspended-no-linkbeatPort B2: Suspended-no-linkbeat Port B6: Suspended-no-linkbeatPort B3: Suspended-no-linkbeat Port B7: Suspended-no-linkbeatPort B4: Suspended-no-linkbeat Port B8: Suspended-no-linkbeatSelect [P] Port status report, or [X] Exit to previous menu:[P] Port status report—Display the .
Port Addressing Report
To display the (), enter the [A] Port Addressing Report option from the . This report displays the address mode (dynamic or static) of each port and how many addresses have been assigned to each port.
Figure 4-39 Port Addressing Report
Catalyst 2820 - Port Addressing Report1 : Unaddressed 13 : Unaddressed2 : Unaddressed 14 : Unaddressed3 : Unaddressed 15 : Unaddressed4 :Dynamic 100 Static 0 16 : Unaddressed5 :Dynamic 900 Static 0 17 : Unaddressed6 : Unaddressed 18 : Unaddressed7 :Dynamic 0 Static 3 19 : Unaddressed8 : Unaddressed 20 : Unaddressed9 : Unaddressed 21 : Unaddressed10 : Unaddressed 22 : Unaddressed11 : Unaddressed 23 : Unaddressed12 : Unaddressed 24 : UnaddressedAUI: UnaddressedA : UnaddressedB : UnaddressedSelect [X] Exit to previous menu:The columns on this report have the following values:
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Exception Statistics Report
To display the (), enter the [E] Exception Statistics Report option from the . This report displays the number of receive errors, transmit errors, and security violations for each port.
Figure 4-40 Exception Statistics Report
Catalyst 2820 - Exception Statistics Report (Frame counts)Receive Transmit Security Receive Transmit SecurityErrors Errors Violations Errors Errors Violations------------------------------ ------------------------------1 : 0 0 0 13 : 0 0 02 : 0 0 0 14 : 0 0 03 : 0 0 0 15 : 0 0 04 : 0 0 0 16 : 0 0 05 : 0 0 0 17 : 0 0 06 : 0 0 0 18 : 0 0 07 : 0 0 0 19 : 0 0 08 : 0 0 0 20 : 0 0 09 : 0 0 0 21 : 0 0 010 : 0 0 0 22 : 0 0 011 : 0 0 0 23 : 0 0 012 : 0 0 0 24 : 0 0 0AUI: 0 0 0A : 0 0 0B : 0 0 0Select [R] Reset all statistics, or [X] Exit to previous menu:The figures displayed are actually totals of various kinds of errors:
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[R] Reset all statistics—Reset all statistics to zero.
Utilization Statistics Report
To display the (), enter the [U] Utilization Statistics Report option from the . This report displays the frame-count statistics generated by the switch.
Figure 4-41 Utilization Statistics Report
Catalyst 2820 - Utilization Statistics Report (Frame counts)Receive Forward Transmit Receive Forward Transmit------------------------------ ---------------------------------1 : 436908 126344 10 13 : 0 0 02 : 0 0 0 14 : 0 0 03 : 0 0 0 15 : 8 5 6852264 : 50438 50438 1 16 : 0 0 05 : 0 0 0 17 : 685241 161764 86 : 685176 161750 8 18 : 169017 104935 07 : 0 0 0 19 : 0 0 08 : 126599 124963 3 20 : 0 0 09 : 0 0 0 21 : 0 0 010 : 0 0 0 22 : 86103 86103 411 : 0 0 0 23 : 0 0 012 : 353676 353676 7 24 : 0 0 685281AUI: 0 0 0A : 0 0 80B : 0 0 80Select [R] Reset all statistics, or [X] Exit to previous menu:Column headings have the following meanings:
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[R] Reset all statistics—Reset all statistics to zero.
Bandwidth Usage Report
To display the (), enter the [B] Bandwidth Usage Report option from the . This report displays the peak bandwidth of the network during a given period of time.
Figure 4-42 Bandwidth Usage Report
Catalyst 2820 - Bandwidth Usage Report--------------------Information----------------Current bandwidth usage 0 MbpsPeak Bandwidth Usage during this interval 0 MbpsPeak Time recorded since start up 0d 00h 00m 32s--------------------Settings------------------[T] Capture time interval 24 hour(s)[R] Reset capture[X] Exit to previous menuEnter Selection:[T] Capture time interval—Define the number of hours in which data is collected to calculate bandwidth usage. Figure 1-4 shows the bandwidth associated with each LED. The default is 24 hours.
[R] Reset capture—Enter [Y]es to clear the entire peak bandwidth capture table and restart capturing at the current interval. Enter [N]o to display the .
