Table Of Contents
Release Notes for the Cisco PIX Firewall Version 5.2(9)
Cisco IOS Software Interoperability
Cisco Secure Policy Manager Interoperability
Cisco Secure VPN Client Interoperability
Cisco VPN 3000 Concentrator and Client Interoperability
PIX Firewall Manager Interoperability
Determining the Software Version
Upgrading to a New Software Release
New Features in Release 5.2(9)
New Features in Release 5.2(8)
New Information in Release 5.2(7)
New Information in Release 5.2(5)
New Information in Release 5.2(4)
New Information in Release 5.2(3)
New Information in Release 5.2(2)
New Features in Release 5.2(1)
Inside and Outside Port Restriction Change
New Software Features in Release 5.2
Certification Authority Servers—Baltimore and Microsoft
Cisco VPN 3000 Client (Formerly the Altiga VPN Client)
DHCP Server and Client Support
IP Fragmentation Syslog Messages
Unicast Reverse Path Forwarding
Websense Filtering by Username and Group
New Command Options in Version 5.2
Command Changes in Version 5.2
Removed Messages in Version 5.2
Token-Based Authentication for VPN Clients
Resolved Caveats - Release 5.2(9)
Resolved Caveats - Release 5.2(8)
Resolved Caveats - Release 5.2(7)
Resolved Caveats - Release 5.2(6)
Resolved Caveats - Release 5.2(5)
Resolved Caveats - Release 5.2(4)
Resolved Caveats - Release 5.2(3)
Resolved Caveats - Release 5.2(2)
Resolved Caveats - Release 5.2(1)
Obtaining Technical Assistance
Obtaining Additional Publications and Information
Release Notes for the Cisco PIX Firewall Version 5.2(9)
June 2002
Contents
This document includes the following sections:
•
Obtaining Technical Assistance
•
Obtaining Additional Publications and Information
Introduction
This release note describes the new features, restrictions, and caveats for the Cisco PIX Firewall version 5.2(9) release.
System Requirements
The sections that follow list the system requirements for operating a PIX Firewall unit with version 5.2(9) software.
Memory Requirements
Note
All PIX Firewall units must have at least 32 MB of RAM memory or the PIX Firewall unit will not boot. In addition, all units except the PIX 506 must have 16 MB of Flash memory to boot. The PIX 506 has 8 MB of memory, which works correctly with version 5.2.
The following table lists Flash memory requirements for this release:
Software Requirements
The following is required for version 5.2(9):
1.
The PIX Firewall image no longer fits on a diskette. If you are using a PIX Firewall unit with a diskette drive, you need to download the Boothelper file, bh521.bin, from Cisco.com to let you download the PIX Firewall image with TFTP.
2.
If you are upgrading from version 4 or earlier and want to use the IPSec or VPN features or commands, you must have a new activation key. Before getting a new activation key, write down your old key in case you want to downgrade back to version 4. You can have a new activation key sent to you by completing the form at the following website:
http://www.cisco.com/pcgi-bin/Software/FormManager/formgenerator.pl?pid=221&fid=324
3.
If you are using PIX Firewall Syslog Server (PFSS), we recommend that you install Windows NT Service Pack 6 to fix year 2000 conflicts in Windows NT.
4.
If you are upgrading from a previous PIX Firewall version, save your configuration and write down your activation key and serial number. Refer to "Installation Notes" for new installation requirements.
Cisco IOS Software Interoperability
The Cisco PIX Firewall supports Cisco IOS Release 12.0(6)T or higher.
Cisco Secure Policy Manager Interoperability
Cisco Secure Policy Manager (Cisco Secure PM), version 2.1, provides policy-based management support for PIX Firewall units running version 4.2, 4.4, and 5.1 software images. Cisco Secure PM version 2.2 supports PIX Firewall version 5.2.
Refer to the documentation set for Cisco Secure PM at the following website:
http://www.cisco.com/en/US/products/sw/secursw/ps2133/prod_technical_documentation.html
Cisco Secure VPN Client Interoperability
PIX Firewall version 5.2 requires Cisco Secure VPN Client version 1.1. The Cisco Secure VPN Client can be used with Windows 95, Windows 98, and Windows NT version 4.0. The Cisco Secure VPN Client is not supported for use with Windows 2000.
Cisco VPN 3000 Concentrator and Client Interoperability
PIX Firewall version 5.2 requires Cisco VPN 3000 Client version 2.5 or higher and Cisco VPN 3000 Concentrator version 2.5.2 or higher. The Cisco VPN 3000 Client can be used with Windows 95, Windows 98, and Windows NT version 4.0. The Cisco VPN 3000 Client is not supported for use with Windows 2000.
PIX Firewall Manager Interoperability
You can use PIX Firewall version 5.2 with the PIX Firewall Manager version 4.3(2)h. Refer to the Cisco PIX Firewall Manager Release Notes Version 4.3(2)h for more information. You can view this document online at the following website:
http://www.cisco.com/en/US/products/sw/secursw/ps2120/prod_release_note09186a00800f27db.html
The PIX Firewall Manager (PFM) lets you manage PIX Firewall units; however, it does not let you configure any PIX Firewall features added after version 4.3(2).
The "Frequently Asked Questions" section in the PFM release notes provides useful troubleshooting information.
Determining the Software Version
Use the show version command to determine the software version of your PIX Firewall unit.
Upgrading to a New Software Release
If you have a cisco.com login, you can obtain software from the following site:
http://www.cisco.com/pcgi-bin/tablebuild.pl/pix
To register for a cisco.com login, go to the following site:
http://tools.cisco.com/RPF/register/register.do
New and Changed Information
New Features in Release 5.2(9)
This release resolves a number of caveats. The PIX-4FE-66 card is also supported, except for PIX Classic, 10000 and 510 platforms.
New Features in Release 5.2(8)
This release resolves two caveats, CSCdw63021 and CSCdw75833.
New Information in Release 5.2(7)
The PIX 506E and PIX 515E join the PIX Firewall product line. Both the PIX 506E and PIX 515E have faster processors than the PIX 506 and PIX 515. Also, the PIX 506E has a physically different, but functionally equivalent, power supply than the PIX 506.
New Information in Release 5.2(5)
Version 5.2(5) fixes CSCds89077. The PIX Firewall now opens third party H.245 connections by inspecting the H.225 signaling messages to look for the specified H.245 address. The PIX Firewall then uses that address to open the H.245 connection.
New Information in Release 5.2(4)
Version 5.2(4) fixes caveat CSCds76768. If you configure the onboard Ethernet interfaces (ethernet0 and ethernet1) on a PIX 525 with a serial number of 44480380055 through 44480480044 to full-duplex, interface errors and throughput reductions may occur. If you configure the interfaces to half-duplex or to auto-sense, the speed and duplex function normally without error. Use the new eeprom command to fix the problem. The two variants of the eeprom command are the show eeprom command and eeprom update command.
The show eeprom command displays the current EEPROM setting, and the eeprom update command modifies the settings if necessary. If the eeprom command does update the EEPROM settings, we recommend you reboot the PIX Firewall.
Note
The eeprom command only works on the PIX 525.
The eeprom command verifies the EEPROM register settings and updates them if they are not set to the recommended values. The eeprom command does not update the settings if they are correct and does not recommend a reboot unless the settings are changed.
The eeprom update command checks the contents of EEPROM registers 6 and 10 to ensure they contain the hexadecimal values 0x4701 and 0x40c0, respectively. If these registers contain different values, then all EEPROM register settings except the MAC address registers, which were not affected by the problem causing CSCds76768, are reset to the correct values.
Each register is 16 bits. The correct register values are as follows:
The syntax of the eeprom command is as follows:
show eeprom
Displays the current EEPROM register settings on the PIX 525.
update eeprom
Updates the EEPROM register settings if they do not match the recommended values.
The show eeprom command will display the current EEPROM register settings:
PIX525# show eepromeeprom settings for ifc0:reg0: 0x5000reg1: 0xfe54reg2: 0x65f6reg3: 0x3reg5: 0x201reg6: 0x4702reg10: 0x40c0reg12: 0x8086eeprom settings for ifc1:reg0: 0x5000reg1: 0xfe54reg2: 0x66f6reg3: 0x3reg5: 0x201reg6: 0x4702reg10: 0x40c0reg12: 0x8086reg12: 0x8086If the command is run on a unit that is not a PIX 525, the following will be seen:
PIX515# show eeprom This unit is not a PIX-525. Type help or '?' for a list of available commands.If the update needs to be run on the PIX 525, the eeprom update command returns the following:
PIX525# eeprom updateeeprom settings on ifc0 are being reset to defaults:reg0: 0x5000reg1: 0xfe54reg2: 0x65f6reg3: 0x3reg5: 0x201reg6: 0x4701reg10: 0x40c0reg12: 0x8086eeprom settings on ifc1 are being reset to defaults:reg0: 0x5000reg1: 0xfe54reg2: 0x66f6reg3: 0x3reg5: 0x201reg6: 0x4701reg10: 0x40c0reg12: 0x8086*** WARNING! *** WARNING! *** WARNING! *** WARNING! ***The system should be restarted as soon as possible.*** WARNING! *** WARNING! *** WARNING! *** WARNING! ***If the update has been run successfully, the eeprom command output will look like this:
PIX525# eeprom updateeeprom settings on ifc0 are already up to date:reg0: 0x5000reg1: 0xfe54reg2: 0x65f6reg3: 0x3reg5: 0x201reg6: 0x4701reg10: 0x40c0reg12: 0x808eeprom settings on ifc1 are already up to date:reg0: 0x5000reg1: 0xfe54reg2: 0x66f6reg3: 0x3reg5: 0x201reg6: 0x4701reg10: 0x40c0reg12: 0x80866New Information in Release 5.2(3)
Version 5.2(3) fixes caveat CSCds38708 only. If your configuration includes the fixup protocol smtp port_number command and either a conduit or access-list command statement permitting access to SMTP, you should install version 5.2(3) immediately to counter a vulnerability in the Mail Guard feature.
New Information in Release 5.2(2)
Version 5.2(2) fixes caveats CSCds30699 and CSCdr91002 only.
New Features in Release 5.2(1)
PIX 525
The new PIX 525 model has the fastest performance and highest capacity of any of the PIX Firewall series.
The PIX 525 provides the following features:
Note
FDDI interfaces are not supported for use on the PIX 525 in version 5.2.
Failover Serial Connection
The failover serial connection has been increased from 9600 baud to 117,760 baud (115 K). The maximum supported length for the failover serial cable is 6 feet.
Note
Use the failover cable that is shipped with the PIX Firewall unit. If you use a replacement cable, it must have the same specifications as the supplied cable (length, type, and pinouts).
Inside and Outside Port Restriction Change
With the 5.2 software release, there are no longer restrictions on having to use specific Ethernet ports as the inside and outside network ports. Any port, whether fixed or a PCI expansion port, and any interface type, FDDI, Token Ring, Fast Ethernet, or Gigabit Ethernet, can be assigned to be the inside or outside network port.
Use the following notes, restrictions, and instructions for configuring inside and outside network ports:
•
Any change to an interface can potentially affect many of the PIX Firewall commands. If you change an interface IP address or the security level, use the clear xlate command to purge connection data.
•
For the PIX 515 and PIX 525, you do not have to use ETHERNET 0 for the outside network port and ETHERNET 1 for the inside network port. Any of the fixed or expansion ports can be configured to be the inside or outside network ports.
•
The outside network port must still be set to security level 0 (zero) and the inside network port must still be set to security level 100.
•
This revision does not change the rules for port numbering. Refer to the Cisco PIX Firewall Installation Guide Version 5.2 for a description of how ports are numbered for the different PIX Firewall models.
•
For backward compatibility, the default configuration will still show Ethernet port 0 as the outside port and Ethernet port 1 as the inside port. Use the nameif command to identify which port (using unique port names) that you want to configure as the inside and outside ports. The following is syntax of the nameif command:
clear|no|show nameif hardware_if if_name security_levelThe following is an example of the default interface name information using the show nameif command:
nameif ethernet0 outside security0nameif ethernet1 inside security100nameif ethernet2 PIX/intf2 security10nameif ethernet3 PIX/intf3 security15nameif token-ring0 PIX/intf4 security20nameif gb-ethernet0 PIX/intf5 security25New Software Features in Release 5.2
The following features are new in version 5.2. Refer to the Cisco PIX Firewall Configuration Guide Version 5.2 for information about each software feature. IPSec features are described in the new Cisco PIX Firewall IPSec User Guide Version 5.2.
AAA access-list Support
The new match access_list_name option was added to the aaa command.
Broadcast Addresses
PIX Firewall no longer uses network addresses or broadcast addresses in static and global command statements when creating NAT xlate translations. Broadcast addresses are those addresses with the bit pattern of all ones, when the network mask is applied. Network addresses are those addresses with the bit pattern of all zeros, when the network mask is applied.
For example:
global 1 10.1.0.0-10.1.255.255 netmask 255.255.255.0With this command, the network addresses 10.1.0.0, 10.1.1.0, 10.1.2.0, and so forth through 10.1.255.0, are excluded. In addition, the broadcast addresses 10.1.0.255, 10.1.1.255, 10.1.2.255, and so forth through 10.1.255.255, are excluded.
Certification Authority Servers—Baltimore and Microsoft
In addition to supporting the Entrust and VeriSign certification authority (CA) servers, the PIX Firewall now also supports CA servers developed by Baltimore Technologies and Microsoft.
Cisco VPN 3000 Client (Formerly the Altiga VPN Client)
Remote access VPN users employing the Cisco VPN 3000 Client, version 2.5, can now securely access their private enterprise network through the PIX Firewall, version 5.2.
Note
Be sure to configure the IKE Mode Config prior to configuring support for the Cisco VPN 3000 Client. In configuring IKE Mode Config, specify that the VPN Client initiates the IKE Mode Config.
The Cisco VPN 3000 Client does not support Windows 2000 use.
DHCP Server and Client Support
Failover Polling Time
The new failover poll seconds command lets you determine how long failover waits before sending special failover "hello" packets between the Primary and Standby units over all network interfaces and the failover cable. The default is 15 seconds. The minimum value is 3 seconds and the maximum is 15 seconds. Set to a lower value for Stateful Failover. With a faster poll time, PIX Firewall can detect failure and trigger failover faster. However, faster detection may cause unnecessary switchovers when the network is temporarily congested or a network card starts slowly.
FTP—Prevent Embedded Commands
The strict option to the fixup protocol ftp command prevents web browsers from sending embedded commands in FTP requests. Each FTP command must be acknowledged before a new command is allowed. Connections sending embedded commands are dropped. The strict option only lets an FTP server generate the 227 command and only lets an FTP client generate the PORT command. The 227 and PORT commands are checked to ensure they do not appear in an error string.
H.323 V2
H.323 is a suite of protocols defined by the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) for multimedia conferences over LANs. H.323 supports H.323 VoIP gateways and VoIP gatekeepers. H.323 version 2 adds the following functionality to the PIX Firewall:
•
Fast Connect or Fast Start Procedure for faster call setup
•
H.245 tunneling for resource conservation, call synchronization, and reduced set up time
ICMP Access Lists
Enable or disable pinging to an interface. With pinging disabled, the PIX Firewall cannot be detected on the network. The new icmp command implements this feature. This feature is also referred to as configurable proxy pinging.
IP Fragmentation Syslog Messages
Syslog messages PIX-4-209003, PIX-4-209004, and PIX-4-209005 have been added to disclose IP fragmentation attacks.
IDS Syslog Messages
Cisco Intrusion Detection System (Cisco IDS) is an IP-only feature that provides some level of flexibility for the user to customize the amount of traffic that needs to be audited and logged.
PAT Enhancements
The following PAT enhancements were added:
•
To specify PAT using the IP address at the interface, specify the interface keyword.
global [(int_name)] nat_id address | interface
The following example enables PAT using the IP address at the outside interface in global configuration mode:
ip address outside 192.150.49.1nat (inside) 1 0 0global (outside) 1 interfaceThe interface IP address used for PAT is the address associated with the interface when the xlate (translation slot) is created. This is important for configuring DHCP, allowing for the DHCP retrieved address to be used for PAT.
When PAT is enabled on an interface, there should be no loss of TCP, UDP, and ICMP services. These services allow for termination at the PIX Firewall unit's outside interface.
•
To track usage among different subnets, you can specify multiple PATs using the following supported configurations:
Mapping Different Internal Subnets to Different PAT Addresses
The following example maps hosts on the internal network 10.1.0.0/16 to global address 192.168.1.1 and hosts on the internal network10.1.1.1/16 to global address 209.165.200.225 in global configuration mode.
nat (inside) 1 10.1.0.0 255.255.255.0nat (inside) 2 10.1.1.0 255.255.255.0global (outside) 1 192.168.1.1 netmask 255.255.255.0global (outside) 2 209.165.200.225 netmask 255.255.255.224Backing Up PAT Addresses
The following example configures two port addresses for setting up PAT on hosts from the internal network 10.1.0.0/16 in global configuration mode.
nat (inside) 1 10.1.0.0 255.255.0.0global (outside) 1 209.165.200.225 netmask 255.255.255.224global (outside) 1 192.168.1.1 netmask 255.255.255.0With this configuration, address 192.168.1.1 will only be used when the port pool from address 209.165.200.225 is at maximum capacity.
ping Command Enhancement
The PIX Firewall ping command no longer requires an interface name. If an interface name is not specified, PIX Firewall checks the routing table to find the address you specify. You can specify an interface name to indicate through which interface the ICMP echo requests are sent.
Radius Authorization
PIX Firewall now allows a RADIUS server to send user group attributes to the PIX Firewall in the RADIUS authentication response message. Authorization is granted with the access-list command statement.
SIP Support
Session initiation protocol (SIP), as defined by the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF), enables call handling sessions—particularly two-party audio conferences, or "calls." SIP works with Session Description Protocol (SDP) for call signaling. SDP specifies the ports for the media stream. Using SIP, the PIX Firewall can support any SIP Voice over IP (VoIP) gateways and VoIP proxy servers. SIP and SDP are defined in the following RFCs:
•
SIP: session initiation protocol, RFC 2543
•
SDP: Session Description Protocol, RFC 2327
SSH
SSH (Secure Shell) is an application running on top of a reliable transport layer, such as TCP/IP that provides strong authentication and encryption capabilities. PIX Firewall supports the SSH remote shell functionality as provided in SSH version 1. SSH version 1 also works with Cisco IOS software devices. Up to five SSH clients are allowed simultaneous access to the PIX Firewall console.
Note
You must generate an RSA key-pair for the PIX Firewall before clients can connect to the PIX Firewall console. To use SSH, your PIX Firewall must have a DES or 3DES activation key.
SSH permits up to 100 characters in a username and up to 50 characters in a password.
SSH and failover are not supported for use together in version 5.2.
Obtaining an SSH Client
The following websites let you download an SSH v1.x client. Because SSH version 1.x and version 2 are entirely different protocols and not compatible, be sure you download a client that supports SSH v1.x.
•
Windows 3.1, Windows CE, Windows 95, and Windows NT 4.0—first download the free Tera Term Pro SSH v1.x client from the following website:
http://hp.vector.co.jp/authors/VA002416/teraterm.html
Then add the SSH extension to Tera Term Pro, which is available at the following website:
http://www.zip.com.au/~roca/ttssh.html
•
Linux, Solaris, OpenBSD, AIX, IRIX, HP/UX, FreeBSD, and NetBSD—download the SSH v1.x client from the following website:
http://www.openssh.com
•
Macintosh (users outside the United States only)—download the Nifty Telnet 1.1 SSH client from the following website:
http://www.lysator.liu.se/~jonasw/freeware/niftyssh/
TCP Intercept
The TCP Intercept feature improves the embryonic connection handling of the PIX Firewall. When the number of embryonic connections exceed the configured threshold, PIX Firewall intercepts and proxies new connections. Previous to version 5.2, PIX Firewall did not allow new connections after the embryonic connection threshold was exceeded.
This feature requires no change to the PIX Firewall command set, only that the embryonic connection limit on the static command now has a new behavior.
Unicast Reverse Path Forwarding
Unicast Reverse Path Forwarding requires that a source IP address is reachable via the receiving interface. This feature provides ingress and egress spoof filtering on the PIX Firewall. For more information, refer to RFC 2267. You can view this RFC at the following website:
http://www.cis.ohio-state.edu/htbin/rfc/rfc2267.html
Websense Filtering by Username and Group
The Websense Server works with the PIX Firewall to deny users from access to websites based on the company security policy.
Websense protocol version 4 enables group and username authentication between a host and a PIX Firewall. The PIX Firewall performs a username lookup, and then the Websense server handles URL filtering and username logging.
Websense protocol version 4 contains the following enhancements:
•
URL filtering allows the PIX Firewall to check outgoing URL requests against the policy defined on the Websense server.
•
Username logging tracks username, group, and domain name on the Websense server.
•
Username lookup enables the PIX Firewall to use the user authentication table to map the host's IP address to the username.
Command Changes
All new commands, options, and changes are described in the Cisco PIX Firewall Configuration Guide Version 5.2.
New Commands in Version 5.2
The following commands are new in version 5.2:
•
dhcpd—Enables the DHCP server feature on a specified PIX Firewall interface allowing the PIX Firewall to function as a DHCP server that provides network configuration parameters to DHCP clients.
•
flashfs—Prepares Flash memory for downgrade to previous PIX Firewall version.
•
icmp—Enables or disables pinging a PIX Firewall interface.
•
ip audit—Configures use of Cisco Intrusion Detection System signatures.
•
ip verify reverse-path—Implements Unicast Reverse Path Forwarding, also known as reverse route lookups.
•
ssh—Specifies the host or network authorized to initiate an SSH connection to the PIX Firewall.
•
vpngroup—Configures a Cisco VPN 3000 Client policy group. Refer to the Cisco PIX Firewall IPSec User Guide Version 5.2 for more information.
New Command Options in Version 5.2
The following command options are new in version 5.2:
•
aaa accounting command, match access-list option—Provides AAA access list support.
•
aaa authentication command, match access-list option—Provides AAA access list support.
•
aaa authentication command, ssh console option—Specifies the group of AAA servers to be used for SSH user authentication.
•
aaa authorization command, match access-list option—Provides AAA access list support.
•
ca crl command, no option—Deletes the CRL within the PIX Firewall.
•
ca zeroize command, keypair_name option—Deletes a specific RSA key pair.
•
clear flashfs command, downgrade 4.x | 5.0 | 5.1 options—Prepares a Flash memory device for use by a previous PIX Firewall software version. Use the clear flashfs command before downgrading the PIX Firewall software to versions prior to 5.n. Otherwise, the Flash memory file system will get out of sync with the actual contents on the Flash memory device and cause problems when the unit is reupgraded.
•
debug command, dhcpc packet|detail|error options—Displays detailed information about the DHCP lease.
•
debug command, dhcpd packet|event options—Displays information about the DHCP server input/output (I/O) packets.
•
debug command—The debug packet command sends its output to the Trace Channel. All other debug commands do not. Use of Trace Channel changes the way you can view output on your screen during a PIX Firewall console or Telnet session.
If a debug command does not use Trace Channel, each session operates independently, which means any commands started in the session only appear in the session. By default, a session not using Trace Channel has output disabled by default.
•
failover command, poll seconds option—Lets you determine how long failover waits before sending special failover "hello" packets between the Primary and Standby units over all network interfaces and the failover cable.
•
fixup protocol ftp command, [strict] option—Prevents web browsers from sending embedded commands in FTP requests.
•
fixup protocol command, sip option—Enables SIP on the PIX Firewall.
•
global command, interface option—Specifies that Port Address Translation (PAT) use the IP address of the PIX Firewall interface.
•
ip address command, dhcp [setroute] option—Instructs the PIX Firewall to configure the interface IP address and subnet mask through the DHCP. The optional setroute argument tells the PIX Firewall to set the default route using the default gateway parameter the DHCP server returns.
•
logging command, standby option—Let the failover Standby unit also send syslog messages. This option is disabled by default. You can enable it to ensure that the Standby unit's syslog messages stay synchronized should failover occur. However, this option causes twice as much traffic on the syslog server. Disable with the no logging standby command.
•
show ca command, crl option—Displays Certificate Revocation List (CRL) information from a given CA or LDAP server, such as the CRL issuer name, the date of the last CRL update, and the date of the next CRL update.
•
show conn command, state sip option—Displays all active SIP connections.
•
sysopt command, route dnat option—Specifies that when an incoming packet does a route lookup, the incoming interface is used to determine which interface the packet should go to, and which is the next hop.
•
sysopt command, uauth allow http-cache option—Allows the web browser to supply a username and password from its cache for AAA authentication.
•
timeout command, sip option—Modifies duration for sip inactivity timer. When this time elapses, the port used by the SIP service closes.
•
timeout command, sip media option—Modifies duration for sip_media inactivity timer. When this time elapses, SIP connections with RTP/RTCP expire.
•
url-server command, protocol TCP|UDP version 1|4 options—With version 4 option, performs a username lookup, and then the Websense server handles URL filtering and username logging. With the version 1 option, works the same as in previous PIX Firewall versions.
Command Changes in Version 5.2
•
access-list—Lets you specify an access list ID shared with an AAA server that provides RADIUS authorization. An access-group command statement is not used with this type of access list.
•
aaa-server—Up to 14 AAA servers are permitted.
•
filter url—This command accepts a port specification as shown in the following command syntax:
filter url port|except local_ip local_mask foreign_ip foreign_mask [allow]
The port option was available in past versions but did not appear in the documentation.
•
global—Lets you have multiple PATs. Also, PIX Firewall no longer uses network addresses or broadcast addresses in static and global command statements when creating NAT xlate translations.
•
ip local pool—When a pool of addresses set by the ip local pool command is empty, the following syslog message now appears:
%PIX-4-404101: ISAKMP: Failed to allocate address for client from pool poolname•
outbound—The java option is no longer supported.
•
outbound—The maximum list_ID value is 1599. You can now have up to 14,000 outbound command statements in a configuration.
•
ping—The interface parameter is now optional. If an interface name is not specified, PIX Firewall checks the routing table to find the address you specify.
•
show config—ISAKMP keys now appear as follows:
isakmp key ******** address ip_addr netmask mask•
show version—The serial number listed with the show version command in version 5.2 and higher is for the Flash memory BIOS. This number is different from the serial number on the chassis. When you get a software upgrade, you will need the serial number that appears in the show version command, not the chassis number.
•
static—PIX Firewall no longer uses network addresses or broadcast addresses in static and global command statements when creating NAT xlate translations.
•
static—With the new TCP intercept feature, once the optional embryonic connection limit is reached, and until the embryonic connection count falls below this threshold, every SYN segment bound for the affected server is intercepted. For each SYN segment, PIX Firewall responds on behalf of the server with an empty SYN/ACK segment. PIX Firewall retains pertinent state information, drops the packet, and waits for the client's acknowledgement.
•
write terminal—ISAKMP keys now appear as follows:
isakmp key ******** address ip_addr netmask maskSyslog Message Changes
The sections that follow list changes to syslog messages in version 5.2. All messages are described in detail in Cisco PIX Firewall System Log Messages Version 5.2.
New Messages in Version 5.2
The following syslog messages are new in version 5.2:
%PIX-2-106017: Deny IP due to Land Attack from IP_addr to IP_addr%PIX-1-106021: Deny num reverse path check from IP_addr to IP_addr on interface int_name%PIX-1-106022: Deny num connection spoof from IP_addr to IP_addr on interface int_name%PIX-6-109015: Authorization denied (acl=acl_ID) for user 'username' from src_addr/src_port to dest_addr/dest_port on interface int_name%PIX-3-109016: Downloaded authorization access-list acl_ID not found for user 'username'%PIX-4-209003: Fragment database limit of num exceeded: src = IP_addr, dest = IP_addr, proto = protocol, id = id%PIX-4-209004: Invalid IP fragment, size = num exceeds maximum size = size: src = IP_addr, dest = IP_addr, proto = protocol, id = id%PIX-4-209005: Discard IP fragment set with more than num elements: src = IP_addr, dest = IP_addr, proto = protocol, id = id%PIX-3-313001: Denied ICMP type=type, code=code from IP_addr on interface int_name%PIX-6-314001: Pre-allocate RTSP UDP backconnection for faddr faddr/fport to laddr laddr/lport%PIX-3-315001: Denied SSH session from IP_addr on interface int_name%PIX-6-315002: Permitted SSH session from IP_addr on interface int_name for user "user_id"%PIX-6-315003: SSH login session failed from IP_addr on (num attempts) on interface int_name by user "user_id"%PIX-3-315004: Fail to establish SSH session because PIX RSA host key retrieval failed.%PIX-6-315011: SSH session from IP_addr on interface int_name for user "user_id" terminated normally%PIX-6-315011: SSH session from IP_addr on interface int_name for user "user_id" disconnected by SSH server, reason: "text" (status_code_in_hex)%PIX-4-4000nn: IDS:sig_num sig_msg from IP_addr to IP_addr on interface int_name%PIX-4-404101: ISAKMP: Failed to allocate address for client from pool pool_idsha%PIX-4-405101: Unable to Pre-allocate H225 Call Signalling Connection for faddr faddr[/fport] to laddr laddr[/lport]%PIX-4-405102: Unable to Pre-allocate H245 Connection for faddr faddr[/fport] to laddr laddr[/lport]%PIX-6-604101: DHCP client interface int_name: Allocated ip = IP_addr, mask = mask, gw = IP_addr%PIX-6-604102: DHCP client interface int_name: address released%PIX-6-604103: DHCP daemon interface int_name: address granted MAC_addr (IP_addr)%PIX-6-604104: DHCP daemon interface int_name: address released MAC_addr (IP_addr)Removed Messages in Version 5.2
The following syslog messages were removed in version 5.2:
%PIX-2-106003: Connection denied src laddr dest faddr due to JAVA Applet on interface int_name.%PIX-3-201007: Unable to allocate new udp connections (faddr/fport-laddr/lport)%PIX-3-203001: ESP Error: No Key SPI hex SRC IP_addr DEST IP_addrDocumentation Changes
All IPSec configuration information is now in the Cisco PIX Firewall IPSec User Guide Version 5.2. This guide is available both online and in the PIX Firewall accessory kit.
Installation Notes
Always configure a default route command statement to the outside interface in every configuration you create. This is especially important for use with IPSec.
Limitations and Restrictions
No new limitations or restrictions were added in version 5.2.
Important Notes
AAA
The inbound and outbound options to the aaa command apply only to the network interfaces in the first two slots of the PIX Firewall.
CRLs
When CRL checking is configured as mandatory, PIX Firewall takes about two minutes to poll the CRL from the VeriSign CA Server during ISAKMP negotiation. As a result, ISAKMP negotiation fails with the message "ISAKMP (0): Unknown error in cert validation, 0" and packets are lost until PIX Firewall receives the CRL. [CSCdr89880]
Cisco Secure VPN Client
•
The PIX Firewall now supports the E-mail Address ID Type used to identify the Cisco Secure VPN Client's peer. The ID Type is configurable within the Security Policy Editor, under My Identity. The E-mail Address ID Type is only applicable if you are using digital certificates.
•
PIX Firewall behaves differently when used with and without Xauth in combination with IKE Mode Config.
The problem occurs when IKE Mode Config is configured and PIX Firewall runs out of addresses created by the ip local pool command and the next VPN client tries to come in.
The behavior is as follows:
–
Without Xauth configured—PIX Firewall lets the new VPN client come in and sets up the tunnel with its own internal address.
–
With Xauth configured—PIX Firewall denies the new VPN client due to lack of a local address, even if the VPN client wants to use its own internal address.
This caveat does not exist for the Cisco VPN 3000 Client version 2.5. [CSCdr48442]
Cisco VPN 3000 Client
The following restrictions apply to using PIX Firewall with the Cisco VPN 3000 Client:
•
The esp-des and esp-3des transform sets do not work without esp-md5 and esp-sha. [CSCdr62289]
•
The Cisco VPN 3000 Client does not support AH protocol.
•
Only aggressive mode is supported.
•
Cisco VPN 3000 Client has to use split tunneling to connect to a remote PIX Firewall unit if the Cisco VPN 3000 Client is going to browse through the private network on the inside of the remote PIX Firewall unit, as well as the local network of the Cisco VPN 3000 Client. [CSCdr74154]
•
From within the status window while a tunnel is available, if you press the Space key twice, the client hangs. [CSCdr74915]
•
The Cisco VPN 3000 Client requires IKE Mode Config.
•
The Cisco VPN 3000 Client does not support Group 2 for IKE transform sets. [CSCdr75514]
•
When PIX Firewall creates multiple IPSec SPIs (security parameter indexes), the Cisco VPN 3000 Client uses the latest SPI to send data, but PIX Firewall does not. PIX Firewall does not keep track of the SPIs in the order they were created. PIX Firewall uses the SPI with the highest lifetime, but the latest SPI ends up with less lifetime than the one before.
For example, if you ping from the client and check the inbound and outbound SPIs, Cisco VPN 3000 Client can be seen to use the third (latest) SPI to send the ping, but PIX Firewall uses the second SPI, the one before the last, to respond to the ping. The result is that the ping responses return to the Cisco VPN 3000 Client, but are dropped. [CSCdr83223]
•
The Cisco VPN 3000 Client on Windows 95 or Windows 98 does not take the WINS server address pushed to it from the PIX Firewall if an IP address is statically configured on the client. For static configurations, users must manually configure the adapters with WINS information. This works correctly on Cisco VPN 3000 Client on Windows NT. On Windows 95 or Windows 98, dynamic WINS support works with DHCP enabled adapters; that is, PPP or NIC adapters that get their information dynamically. [CSCdr94941]
•
On PIX Firewall, you can configure multiple vpngroup command statements when using certificates with the Cisco VPN 3000 Client. This can be done only when the name of the vpngroup command statements you specify on the PIX Firewall is the same as the Organizational Unit (OU) field of the certificate on the client. When PIX Firewall is processing the client's certificate, it uses the value of the OU field of the certificate to associate with the vpngroup command statement and uses that. [CSCdr91010]
Cisco VPN 3000 Concentrator
The following restrictions apply to use with the Cisco VPN 3000 Concentrator series:
•
The Cisco VPN 3000 Concentrator rekeys every time an ISAKMP SA times out, which creates multiple SPIs on a PIX Firewall. [CSCdr74737]
•
The AH protocol is not supported.
•
Keepalive is not supported between PIX Firewall and Cisco VPN 3000 Concentrator. Keepalive is not a standard. Currently, each vendor has their own definition for keepalives and what it is supposed to accomplish. PIX Firewall keepalives currently work only with other PIX Firewall unit's and Cisco IOS software routers. [CSCdr75726]
•
If IPSec traffic is not present between a PIX Firewall to a PIX Firewall, when the IPSec and ISA lifetimes expire, both IPSec and ISA SAs are deleted. If IPSec traffic is not present between a PIX Firewall and a Cisco VPN 3000 Concentrator, when the lifetimes expire, the SAs are not deleted and the units rekey. [CSCds0487]
Failover
Refer to the "Failover" section in Chapter 3, "Advanced Configurations" in the Cisco PIX Firewall Configuration Guide Version 5.2 for a new procedure for configuring failover.
The PIX Firewall DHCP client does not support failover configurations.
FDDI
FDDI interfaces are supported on the PIX 525 with the caveat that no other interface card can be used with FDDI cards. In addition, the Ethernet interfaces on the motherboard must be shut down using the shutdown option to the interface command.
On the PIX 520 and earlier models, when FDDI interface cards are used, no other interface card can be used on the unit.
The PIX 515 does not support use of any FDDI interface cards.
License Key Downgrade
If you downgrade your license key from a UR to an R, thereby restricting the number of supported interfaces, PIX Firewall removes all commands from your configuration that reference the unsupported interfaces. In addition, open caveat CSCdr52181 notes that PIX Firewall also removes all nat and static commands from the configuration.
SMTP
Multiple SMTP commands contained in a single packet are no longer permitted and are now dropped.
Token-Based Authentication for VPN Clients
The PIX Firewall now supports token-based authentication systems through the use of the crypto map token authentication command. PIX Firewall supports the following token-based authentication systems and modes for use with the Cisco VPN 3000 Client:
•
Security Dynamics (SDI) SecurID/ACE Server with SDI RADIUS
–
Next Token mode
–
New Pin mode
•
SDI with CiscoSecure ACS, NT version
–
Next Token mode
–
New Pin mode
•
SDI with CiscoSecure ACS, UNIX version
–
Next Token mode
The PIX Firewall supports the SDI RADIUS token-based authentication system using Next Token mode or New Pin mode for use with the Cisco Secure VPN Client, version 1.1.
Token based authentication has not been verified for the following vendors/products:
•
CRYPTOCard
•
SafeWord
•
AXENT
For more information about the crypto map token authentication command, see the crypto map command page in Chapter 12, "Command Reference" of the Cisco PIX Firewall IPSec User Guide Version 5.2.
Caveats
Note
Use Troubleshooting Tools on Cisco.com to view additional caveat information. You can access this tool at the following website, provided you are a registered cisco.com user:
http://www.cisco.com/public/support/tac/tools_trouble.shtml
To become a registered cisco.com user, see the following website:
http://tools.cisco.com/RPF/register/register.doThe caveat descriptions listed in this section are drawn directly from the DDTS caveat headlines. These caveat descriptions are not intended to be read as complete sentences because the headline field in DDTS is limited in length. In DDTS headlines, some truncation of wording or punctuation may be necessary to provide the most complete and concise caveat description. The only modifications made to these headlines are as follows:
•
Commands are in boldface type.
•
Product names and acronyms may be standardized.
•
Spelling errors and typos may be corrected.
Open Caveats - Release 5.2(9)
The caveats in Table 1 are yet to be resolved in this release.
Resolved Caveats - Release 5.2(9)
The caveats in Table 2 are resolved in this release.
Open Caveats - Release 5.2(8)
The caveats in Table 3 are yet to be resolved in this release.
Resolved Caveats - Release 5.2(8)
The caveats in Table 4 are resolved in this release.
Table 4 Resolved Caveats
DDTS Number DescriptionCSCdw63021
PIX crashes upon receiving malformed SNMP packet
CSCdw75833
PROTOS-test suite flood the interface will stop PIX to pass traffic
Resolved Caveats - Release 5.2(7)
The caveats in Table 5 were resolved in this release.
Resolved Caveats - Release 5.2(6)
The caveats in Table 6 were resolved in this release.
Resolved Caveats - Release 5.2(5)
The caveats in Table 7 were resolved in this release.
Resolved Caveats - Release 5.2(4)
The caveats in Table 8 were resolved in this release.
Resolved Caveats - Release 5.2(3)
The caveats in Table 9 were resolved in this release.
Table 9 Resolved Caveats
DDTS Number DescriptionCSCds38708
The fixup protocol smtp command no longer permits commands it would normally screen out from being appended to the SMTP DATA command.
Resolved Caveats - Release 5.2(2)
The caveats in Table 10 were resolved in this release.
Table 10 Resolved Caveats
DDTS Number DescriptionCSCds30699
SMTP stop filtering if DATA command failed
CSCdr91002
SMTP filtering of certain commands is inconsistent.
Resolved Caveats - Release 5.2(1)
The caveats in Table 11 were resolved in this release.
Related Documentation
Use this document in conjunction with the PIX Firewall and Cisco VPN 3000 documentation at the following sites:
http://www.cisco.com/en/US/products/hw/vpndevc/ps2030/prod_technical_documentation.html
http://www.cisco.com/en/US/products/sw/secursw/ps2276/prod_technical_documentation.html
Cisco provides PIX Firewall technical tips at the following site:
http://www.cisco.com/public/support/tac/tools_trouble.shtml
Obtaining Documentation
Cisco provides several ways to obtain documentation, technical assistance, and other technical resources. These sections explain how to obtain technical information from Cisco Systems.
Cisco.com
You can access the most current Cisco documentation on the World Wide Web at this URL:
http://www.cisco.com/univercd/home/home.htm
You can access the Cisco website at this URL:
International Cisco websites can be accessed from this URL:
http://www.cisco.com/public/countries_languages.shtml
Documentation CD-ROM
Cisco documentation and additional literature are available in a Cisco Documentation CD-ROM package, which may have shipped with your product. The Documentation CD-ROM is updated regularly and may be more current than printed documentation. The CD-ROM package is available as a single unit or through an annual or quarterly subscription.
Registered Cisco.com users can order a single Documentation CD-ROM (product number DOC-CONDOCCD=) through the Cisco Ordering tool:
http://www.cisco.com/en/US/partner/ordering/ordering_place_order_ordering_tool_launch.html
All users can order annual or quarterly subscriptions through the online Subscription Store:
http://www.cisco.com/go/subscription
Ordering Documentation
You can find instructions for ordering documentation at this URL:
http://www.cisco.com/univercd/cc/td/doc/es_inpck/pdi.htm
You can order Cisco documentation in these ways:
•
Registered Cisco.com users (Cisco direct customers) can order Cisco product documentation from the Networking Products MarketPlace:
http://www.cisco.com/en/US/partner/ordering/index.shtml
•
Nonregistered Cisco.com users can order documentation through a local account representative by calling Cisco Systems Corporate Headquarters (California, USA.) at 408 526-7208 or, elsewhere in North America, by calling 800 553-NETS (6387).
Documentation Feedback
You can submit comments electronically on Cisco.com. On the Cisco Documentation home page, click Feedback at the top of the page.
You can send your comments in e-mail to bug-doc@cisco.com.
You can submit comments by using the response card (if present) behind the front cover of your document or by writing to the following address:
Cisco Systems
Attn: Customer Document Ordering
170 West Tasman Drive
San Jose, CA 95134-9883We appreciate your comments.
Obtaining Technical Assistance
For all customers, partners, resellers, and distributors who hold valid Cisco service contracts, the Cisco Technical Assistance Center (TAC) provides 24-hour, award-winning technical support services, online and over the phone. Cisco.com features the Cisco TAC website as an online starting point for technical assistance.
Cisco TAC Website
The Cisco TAC website (http://www.cisco.com/tac) provides online documents and tools for troubleshooting and resolving technical issues with Cisco products and technologies. The Cisco TAC website is available 24 hours a day, 365 days a year.
Accessing all the tools on the Cisco TAC website requires a Cisco.com user ID and password. If you have a valid service contract but do not have a login ID or password, register at this URL:
http://tools.cisco.com/RPF/register/register.do
Opening a TAC Case
The online TAC Case Open Tool (http://www.cisco.com/tac/caseopen) is the fastest way to open P3 and P4 cases. (Your network is minimally impaired or you require product information). After you describe your situation, the TAC Case Open Tool automatically recommends resources for an immediate solution. If your issue is not resolved using these recommendations, your case will be assigned to a Cisco TAC engineer.
For P1 or P2 cases (your production network is down or severely degraded) or if you do not have Internet access, contact Cisco TAC by telephone. Cisco TAC engineers are assigned immediately to P1 and P2 cases to help keep your business operations running smoothly.
To open a case by telephone, use one of the following numbers:
Asia-Pacific: +61 2 8446 7411 (Australia: 1 800 805 227)
EMEA: +32 2 704 55 55
USA: 1 800 553-2447For a complete listing of Cisco TAC contacts, go to this URL:
http://www.cisco.com/warp/public/687/Directory/DirTAC.shtml
TAC Case Priority Definitions
To ensure that all cases are reported in a standard format, Cisco has established case priority definitions.
Priority 1 (P1)—Your network is "down" or there is a critical impact to your business operations. You and Cisco will commit all necessary resources around the clock to resolve the situation.
Priority 2 (P2)—Operation of an existing network is severely degraded, or significant aspects of your business operation are negatively affected by inadequate performance of Cisco products. You and Cisco will commit full-time resources during normal business hours to resolve the situation.
Priority 3 (P3)—Operational performance of your network is impaired, but most business operations remain functional. You and Cisco will commit resources during normal business hours to restore service to satisfactory levels.
Priority 4 (P4)—You require information or assistance with Cisco product capabilities, installation, or configuration. There is little or no effect on your business operations.
Obtaining Additional Publications and Information
Information about Cisco products, technologies, and network solutions is available from various online and printed sources.
•
The Cisco Product Catalog describes the networking products offered by Cisco Systems, as well as ordering and customer support services. Access the Cisco Product Catalog at this URL:
http://www.cisco.com/en/US/products/products_catalog_links_launch.html
•
Cisco Press publishes a wide range of networking publications. Cisco suggests these titles for new and experienced users: Internetworking Terms and Acronyms Dictionary, Internetworking Technology Handbook, Internetworking Troubleshooting Guide, and the Internetworking Design Guide. For current Cisco Press titles and other information, go to Cisco Press online at this URL:
•
Packet magazine is the Cisco quarterly publication that provides the latest networking trends, technology breakthroughs, and Cisco products and solutions to help industry professionals get the most from their networking investment. Included are networking deployment and troubleshooting tips, configuration examples, customer case studies, tutorials and training, certification information, and links to numerous in-depth online resources. You can access Packet magazine at this URL:
http://www.cisco.com/go/packet
•
iQ Magazine is the Cisco bimonthly publication that delivers the latest information about Internet business strategies for executives. You can access iQ Magazine at this URL:
http://www.cisco.com/go/iqmagazine
•
Internet Protocol Journal is a quarterly journal published by Cisco Systems for engineering professionals involved in designing, developing, and operating public and private internets and intranets. You can access the Internet Protocol Journal at this URL:
http://www.cisco.com/en/US/about/ac123/ac147/about_cisco_the_internet_protocol_journal.html
•
Training—Cisco offers world-class networking training. Current offerings in network training are listed at this URL:
http://www.cisco.com/en/US/learning/index.html


