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Cisco 1700 Series Modular Access Routers

Configuring Locale-Based Multifrequency Tones on Cisco 1751 and Cisco 1760 Routers

Table Of Contents

Configuring Locale-Based Multifrequency Tones on Cisco 1751 and Cisco 1760 Routers

Contents

Configuring Locale-Based Multifrequency Tones

Using the IP Telephony Locale Installer

Assigning Network Locales to Gateways

Configuring Gateways

Verifying the Voice-Port Configuration

Verifying the Custom Tone Download

Verifying the Custom Tone Parameters for Each Locale

Custom Tone Usage in H.323 mode

Related Documentation

Obtaining Documentation

World Wide Web

Documentation CD-ROM

Ordering Documentation

Documentation Feedback

Obtaining Technical Assistance

Cisco.com

Technical Assistance Center

Cisco TAC Web Site

Cisco TAC Escalation Center

Obtaining Additional Publications and Information


Configuring Locale-Based Multifrequency Tones on Cisco 1751 and Cisco 1760 Routers


This document describes support for locale-based multifrequency tones on Cisco 1751 and Cisco 1760 routers.


Note Cisco CallManager 3.3(2) is the first Cisco CallManager release that supports this feature.


Contents

This document includes the following sections:

Configuring Locale-Based Multifrequency Tones

Obtaining Documentation

Obtaining Technical Assistance

Obtaining Additional Publications and Information

Configuring Locale-Based Multifrequency Tones

Cisco 1751 and Cisco 1760 routers can act as voice gateways, connecting an IP Telephony network to a traditional telephone trunk or to analog devices. Gateways use the Media Gateway Control Protocol (MGCP) or H.323 to communicate with Cisco CallManager.

Cisco IOS gateways typically use pre-defined static tones. The static tones for each country are stored in IOS tone tables. Beginning with Cisco CallManager 3.3(2), locale-specific tones and their associated frequency, amplitude, and cadence information can be stored on a trivial file transfer protocol (TFTP) server and downloaded to gateways in an XML-based configuration file. The country-specific information that is stored in this configuration file is referred to as a network locale. When Cisco CallManager and the gateway are properly configured, the tones with locale-specific frequency, amplitude, and cadence as stored on the TFTP server are used in place of the pre-defined static tones in the IOS tone table.

Using the IP Telephony Locale Installer

Network locale files provide country-specific phone tones and gateway tones, if available. User locale files provide translated text and voice prompts, if available, for phone displays, user applications, and user web pages in the locale that the user chooses. An administrator must first use the Cisco IP Telephony Locale Installer to make network locale files available so that users can view or receive the translated text or tones.

For more information, refer to the document Using the Cisco IP Telephony Locale Installer.

Assigning Network Locales to Gateways

Provided that an administrator has run the IP Telephony Locale Installer to make network locale files available for download, it is possible to begin assigning network locales to gateway voice ports.

Refer to the "Gateway Configuration" chapter in the Cisco CallManager Administration Guide, Release 3.3(2) for instructions on how to configure gateways and gateway ports in Cisco CallManager.


Tip Cisco CallManager uses device pools to define common sets of characteristics for gateways and other devices. The network locale is one of the characteristics that can be associated with a particular gateway as part of a device pool. For information about configuring device pools in Cisco CallManager, refer to the "Device Pool Configuration" chapter in the Cisco CallManager Administration Guide, Release 3.3(2).


Configuring Gateways

Your gateway configuration, as well as the configuration of other network devices, must provide connectivity between your target gateway and the TFTP server. When the XML configuration file is received, the local gateway parses the configuration file, converts its contents to IOS commands, and updates the gateway configuration accordingly. The mgcp and ccm-manager mgcp commands are automatically configured on the gateway as part of this process.


Note The IP host name should match the gateway name that is specified in the CCM configuration.


If the IOS command ccm-manager download-tones has been entered on the gateway, as described later in this section, when the gateway registers, restarts, or resets, the gateway can download up to two network locale files. Each network locale file includes the supported tones and their associated frequencies and cadences for a particular country.

When an MGCP gateway registers with Cisco CallManager, or if the gateway restarts or resets, the network locale information for each gateway port is downloaded to the gateway.

A typical sequence of IOS commands for configuring a gateway and ensuring that custom tones have been downloaded to it is shown below:

 
Command
Purpose

Step 1 

enable

Example:
Router> enable

Enables a higher privilege level, such as privileged EXEC mode. Enter your enable password when prompted.

Step 2 

configure terminal

Example:
Router# configure terminal

Enters global configuration mode.

Step 3 

configure ccm-manager config {dialpeer-prefix prefix | server ip-address | name}

Example:
Router(config)# ccm-manager config server 10.10.10.0

Configures a the TFTP server for the XML configuration file download. The arguments and keywords are as follows:

dialpeer-prefix prefix—Dial peer created for a voice dial-peer tag. Range is from 1 to 2147483647. The default is 999.

server ip-address—IP Address of the TFTP server.

server name—Logical (symbolic) name of the TFTP server.

Step 4 

configure ccm-manager download-tones

Example:
Router(config)# ccm-manager download-tones

Enables the download of the custom tones to the gateway.

Step 5 

configure ccm-manager config {dialpeer-prefix prefix | server ip-address | name}

Example:
Router(config)# ccm-manager config server 10.10.10.0

Downloads the XML file.

Step 6 

end

Example:
Router(config)# end

Ends global configuration mode and enters privileged EXEC mode.

Step 7 

show voice-port

Example:
Router# show voice-port

Displays the voice-port configuration to ensure that custom tones are assigned.

Step 8 

show ccm-manager download-tones

Example:
Router# show ccm-manager download-tones

Displays the custom tone assignments for the gateway.

Step 9 

debug ccm-manager tone

Example:
Router# debug ccm-manager tone

Displays the custom tones that have been downloaded to a gateway.

Verifying the Voice-Port Configuration

To verify that the voice ports have custom tones (C1 and C2) assigned, use the show running-config or the show voice-port command.

The following shows a portion of the show running-config command output, both before and after custom tones (C1 and C2) have been downloaded to the gateway. In this sample output, voice port 1/0 initially has cptone HK (Hong Kong) assigned, and voice port 1/1 initially has cptone CN (China) assigned:

! The custom tones, C1 and C2, have not yet been downloaded. HK and CN are assigned to the 
two interfaces.
!
voice-port 1/0
 cptone HK 
! 
voice-port 1/1 
 cptone CN 
! 
! The custom tones, C1 and C2, have been downloaded. 
! 
voice-port 1/0
 cptone C1 
! 
voice-port 1/1 
 cptone C2 
! 


Note Voice ports are automatically configured during the initial download of the XML file from the TFTP server.


Verifying the Custom Tone Download

To verify that the custom tones have been downloaded, use the show ccm-manager download-tones command. The following sample output shows that custom tone 1 is assigned to France and custom tone 2 is assigned to Spain:

Router# show ccm-manager download-tones 
 MGCP Download Tones: Enabled 
  Custom Tone 1: France 
  Custom Tone 2: Spain 

You can also use the show ccm-manager download-tones command to view detailed information about the frequency, impedance, and other values associated with a particular custom tone, as shown here for custom tone 1:

Router# show ccm-manager download-tones C1 
Custom Tone 1 : France 
Pulse dial:normal, Percent make:35%, DTMF low Amp.= 65424, high Amp.= 65446, Pcm:u-Law 
FXS FXO E&M FXS FXO E&M 
Dual Tone DR NF FOF FOS AOF AOF AOF AOS AOS AOS ONTF OFTF ONTS OFTS ONTT OFTT ONT4 OFT4 
(optional) FOF2 FOS2 FOF3 FOS3 FOF4 FOS4 FOT FO4 AOT AO4 RCT1 RCT2 RCT3 RCT4 
BUSY 0 2 480 620 -120 -120 -120 -120 -120 -120 500 500 0 0 0 0 0 0 
RING_BACK 0 2 440 520 -120 -120 -120 -120 -120 -120 400 200 400 3000 
CONGESTION 0 2 480 620 -200 -200 -200 -240 -240 -240 250 250 0 0 NUMBER_UNOBTAINABLE 0 2 
480 620 -120 -120 -120 -120 -120 -120 65535 0 0 0
DIAL_TONE 0 2 350 440 -150 -150 -150 -150 -150 -150 65535 0 0 0 DIAL_TONE2 0 2 350 440 
-150 -150 -150 -150 -150 -150 65535 0 0 0
OUT_OF_SERVICE 0 1 950 0 -150 -150 -150 0 0 0 330 330 0 0 ADDR_ACK 0 1 600 0 -240 -240 
-240 0 0 0 125 125 125 65535 DISCONNECT 0 1 600 0 -150
-150 -150 0 0 0 330 330 330 65535 OFF_HOOK_NOTICE 0 2 1400 2040 -240 -240 -240 -240 -240 
-240 100 100 0 0 OFF_HOOK_ALERT 0 2 1400 2040 -240
-240 -240 -240 -240 -240 100 100 0 0 WAITING 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 CONFIRM 0 0 0 0 0 
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 
CNFWRN_J 0 1 950 0 -170 -170 -190 0 0 0 100 100 100 65535 CNFWRN_D 0 1 600 0 -170 -170 
-190 0 0 0 100 100 100 65535 STUTT_DIALTONE 0 2 350
440 -150 -150 -150 -150 -150 -150 100 100 100 100 100 100 65535 0 
PERM_SIG_TONE 0 1 480 0 -170 -170 -170 0 0 0 65535 0 0 0 
WAITING1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 WAITING2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 WAITING3 0 0 0 0 
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 WAITING4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 MSGWAIT_IND 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 OFF_HOOK_WARN 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 
Sequence Tone DR NF F1C1 F2C1 AOF AOS C1ONT C1OFT C2ONT C2OFT C3ONT C3OFT C4ONT C4OFT F1C2 
F2C2 F1C3 F2C3 F1C4 F2C4 
INTERCEPT 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 TONE_ON_HOLD 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 NO_CIRCUIT 0 0 0 0 
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 
Legend: 
DR: direction NF: number of frequency FO<F,S,T,4>: frequency of<1st,2nd,3rd,4th> 
AO<F,S,T,4>: amplitude of<1st,2nd,3rd,4th> 
FOF<1-4>: frequency of 1st, cadence<1-4> FOS<1-4>: frequency of 2nd, cadence<1-4> 
RCT<1-4>: repeat count for cadence<l-4> F(1-4>C<1-4> : frequency<1-4> of cadence<1-4> 
C<1-4>ONT: cadence<1-4> on time C<1-4>OFT: cadence<1-4> off time 

Verifying the Custom Tone Parameters for Each Locale

You can use the debug ccm-manager tone command to verify the parameters assigned to each locale. The following sample output shows the locale name as United Kingdom and lists all of the dual-tone parameters for that region:

Router# debug ccm-manager config-download tone 
00:09:07: 
cmapp_prefix_process_tag_tones: 
00:09:07: cmapp_process_tag_trkLocaleName: region = United Kingdom 
00:09:07: cmapp_process_tag_pulse_ratio: pulse ratio = 40 
00:09:07: cmapp_process_tag_dtmf_llevel: low frequency level = 65438 
00:09:07: cmapp_process_tag_dtmf_hlevel: high frequency level = 65463 
00:09:07: cmapp_process_tag_special_oper: operation = uLaw 
00:09:07: cmapp_prefix_process_tag_lpig: 
00:09:07: cmapp_process_tag_fxs: ignore LPIG for fxs 
00:09:07: cmapp_process_tag_fxo: ignore LPIG for fxo 
00:09:07: cmapp_process_tag_digital: ignore LPIG for digital 
00:09:07: cmapp_prefix_process_tag_lpog: 
00:09:07: cmapp_process_tag_fxs: ignore LPOG for fxsBoth ports are in service 
00:09:07: cmapp_process_tag_fxo: ignore LPOG for fxo 
00:09:07: cmapp_process_tag_digital: ignore LPOG for digital 
00:09:07: cmapp_prefix_process_tag_tonetable_info: 
00:09:07: cmapp_prefix_process_tag_dualtone: TID=[0:CPTONE_BUSY] 
00:09:07: cmapp_process_tag_nf: number of frequencies = 1 
00:09:07: cmapp_process_tag_dr: direction = 0 
00:09:07: cmapp_process_tag_fof: frequency 1 = 400 
00:09:07: cmapp_process_tag_fos: frequency 2 = 0 
00:09:07: cmapp_process_tag_fot: frequency 3 = 0 
00:09:07: cmapp_process_tag_fo4: frequency 4 = 0 
00:09:07: cmapp_prefix_process_tag_aof_level: 
00:09:07: cmapp_process_tag_fxs: amplitude of 1st = -200 
00:09:07: cmapp_process_tag_fxo: amplitude of 1st = -200 
00:09:07: cmapp_process_tag_digital: amplitude of 1st = -240 
00:09:07: cmapp_prefix_process_tag_aos_level: 
00:09:07: cmapp_process_tag_fxs: amplitude of 2nd = 0 
00:09:07: cmapp_process_tag_fxo: amplitude of 2nd = 0 
00:09:07: cmapp_process_tag_digital: amplitude of 2nd = 0 
00:09:07: cmapp_prefix_process_tag_aot_level: 
00:09:07: cmapp_process_tag_fxs: amplitude of 3rd = 0 
00:09:07: cmapp_process_tag_fxo: amplitude of 3rd = 0 
00:09:07: cmapp_process_tag_digital: amplitude of 3rd = 0 
00:09:07: cmapp_prefix_process_tag_ao4_level: 
00:09:07: cmapp_process_tag_fxs: amplitude of 4th = 0 
00:09:07: cmapp_process_tag_fxo: amplitude of 4th = 0 
00:09:07: cmapp_process_tag_digital: amplitude of 4th = 0 
00:09:07: cmapp_process_tag_ontf: frequency 1 on time = 375 
00:09:07: cmapp_process_tag_oftf: frequency 1 off time = 375 
00:09:07: cmapp_process_tag_onts: frequency 2 on time = 0 
00:09:07: cmapp_process_tag_ofts: frequency 2 off time = 0 
00:09:07: cmapp_process_tag_ontt: frequency 3 on time = 0 
00:09:07: cmapp_process_tag_oftt: frequency 3 off time = 0 
00:09:07: cmapp_process_tag_ont4: frequency 4 on time = 0 
00:09:07: cmapp_process_tag_oft4: frequency 4 off time = 0 
00:09:07: cmapp_process_tag_fof2: frequency 1 cadence 2 = 0 
00:09:07: cmapp_process_tag_fos2: frequency 2 cadence 2 = 0 
00:09:07: cmapp_process_tag_fof3: frequency 1 cadence 3 = 0 
00:09:07: cmapp_process_tag_fos3: frequency 2 cadence 3 = 0 
00:09:07: cmapp_process_tag_fof4: frequency 1 cadence 4 = 0 
00:09:07: cmapp_process_tag_fos4: frequency 2 cadence 4 = 0 
00:09:07: cmapp_process_tag_rct1: cadence 1 repeat count = 0 
00:09:07: cmapp_process_tag_rct2: cadence 2 repeat count = 0 
00:09:07: cmapp_process_tag_rct3: cadence 3 repeat count = 0 
00:09:07: cmapp_process_tag_rct4: cadence 4 repeat count = 0 
00:09:07: cmapp_prefix_process_tag_dualtone: TID=[1:CPTONE_RING_BACK] 
00:09:07: cmapp_process_tag_nf: number of frequencies = 2 
00:09:07: cmapp_process_tag_dr: direction = 0 
00:09:07: cmapp_process_tag_fof: frequency 1 = 400 
00:09:07: cmapp_process_tag_fos: frequency 2 = 450 
00:09:07: cmapp_process_tag_fot: frequency 3 = 0 
00:09:07: cmapp_process_tag_fo4: frequency 4 = 0 
00:09:07: cmapp_prefix_process_tag_aof_level: 
00:09:07: cmapp_process_tag_fxs: amplitude of 1st = -190 
00:09:07: cmapp_process_tag_fxo: amplitude of 1st = -190 
00:09:07: cmapp_process_tag_digital: amplitude of 1st = -190 
00:09:07: cmapp_prefix_process_tag_aos_level: 
00:09:07: cmapp_process_tag_fxs: amplitude of 2nd = -190 
00:09:07: cmapp_process_tag_fxo: amplitude of 2nd = -190 
00:09:07: cmapp_process_tag_digital: amplitude of 2nd = -190 
00:09:07: cmapp_prefix_process_tag_aot_level: 
00:09:07: cmapp_process_tag_fxs: amplitude of 3rd = 0 
00:09:07: cmapp_process_tag_fxo: amplitude of 3rd = 0 
00:09:07: cmapp_process_tag_digital: amplitude of 3rd = 0 
00:09:07: cmapp_prefix_process_tag_ao4_level: 
00:09:07: cmapp_process_tag_fxs: amplitude of 4th = 0 
00:09:07: cmapp_process_tag_fxo: amplitude of 4th = 0 
00:09:07: cmapp_process_tag_digital: amplitude of 4th = 0 
00:09:07: cmapp_process_tag_ontf: frequency 1 on time = 400 
00:09:07: cmapp_process_tag_oftf: frequency 1 off time = 200 
00:09:07: cmapp_process_tag_onts: frequency 2 on time = 400 
00:09:07: cmapp_process_tag_ofts: frequency 2 off time = 2000 
00:09:07: cmapp_process_tag_ontt: frequency 3 on time = 0 
00:09:07: cmapp_process_tag_oftt: frequency 3 off time = 0 
00:09:07: cmapp_process_tag_ont4: frequency 4 on time = 0 
00:09:07: cmapp_process_tag_oft4: frequency 4 off time = 0 
00:09:07: cmapp_process_tag_fof2: frequency 1 cadence 2 = 0 
00:09:07: cmapp_process_tag_fos2: frequency 2 cadence 2 = 0 
00:09:07: cmapp_process_tag_fof3: frequency 1 cadence 3 = 0 
00:09:07: cmapp_process_tag_fos3: frequency 2 cadence 3 = 0 
00:09:07: cmapp_process_tag_fof4: frequency 1 cadence 4 = 0 
00:09:07: cmapp_process_tag_fos4: frequency 2 cadence 4 = 0 
00:09:07: cmapp_process_tag_rct1: cadence 1 repeat count = 0 
00:09:07: cmapp_process_tag_rct2: cadence 2 repeat count = 0 
00:09:07: cmapp_process_tag_rct3: cadence 3 repeat count = 0 
00:09:07: cmapp_process_tag_rct4: cadence 4 repeat count = 0 
00:09:07: cmapp_prefix_process_tag_dualtone: TID=[2:CPTONE_CONGESTION] 
00:09:07: cmapp_process_tag_nf: number of frequencies = 1 
00:09:07: cmapp_process_tag_dr: direction = 0 
00:09:07: cmapp_process_tag_fof: frequency 1 = 400 
00:09:07: cmapp_process_tag_fos: frequency 2 = 0 
00:09:07: cmapp_process_tag_fot: frequency 3 = 0 
00:09:07: cmapp_process_tag_fo4: frequency 4 = 0 
00:09:07: cmapp_prefix_process_tag_aof_level: 
00:09:07: cmapp_process_tag_fxs: amplitude of 1st = -200 
00:09:07: cmapp_process_tag_fxo: amplitude of 1st = -200 
00:09:07: cmapp_process_tag_digital: amplitude of 1st = -200 
00:09:07: cmapp_prefix_process_tag_aos_level: 
00:09:07: cmapp_process_tag_fxs: amplitude of 2nd = 0 
00:09:07: cmapp_process_tag_fxo: amplitude of 2nd = 0 
00:09:07: cmapp_process_tag_digital: amplitude of 2nd = 0 
00:09:07: cmapp_prefix_process_tag_aot_level: 
00:09:07: cmapp_process_tag_fxs: amplitude of 3rd = 0 
00:09:07: cmapp_process_tag_fxo: amplitude of 3rd = 0 
00:09:07: cmapp_process_tag_digital: amplitude of 3rd = 0 
00:09:07: cmapp_prefix_process_tag_ao4_level: 
00:09:07: cmapp_process_tag_fxs: amplitude of 4th = 0 
00:09:07: cmapp_process_tag_fxo: amplitude of 4th = 0 
00:09:07: cmapp_process_tag_digital: amplitude of 4th = 0 
00:09:07: cmapp_process_tag_ontf: frequency 1 on time = 400 
00:09:07: cmapp_process_tag_oftf: frequency 1 off time = 350 
00:09:07: cmapp_process_tag_onts: frequency 2 on time = 225 
00:09:07: cmapp_process_tag_ofts: frequency 2 off time = 525 
00:09:07: cmapp_process_tag_ontt: frequency 3 on time = 0 
00:09:07: cmapp_process_tag_oftt: frequency 3 off time = 0 
00:09:07: cmapp_process_tag_ont4: frequency 4 on time = 0 
00:09:07: cmapp_process_tag_oft4: frequency 4 off time = 0 
00:09:07: cmapp_process_tag_fof2: frequency 1 cadence 2 = 0 
00:09:07: cmapp_process_tag_fos2: frequency 2 cadence 2 = 0 
00:09:07: cmapp_process_tag_fof3: frequency 1 cadence 3 = 0 
00:09:07: cmapp_process_tag_fos3: frequency 2 cadence 3 = 0 
00:09:07: cmapp_process_tag_fof4: frequency 1 cadence 4 = 0 
00:09:07: cmapp_process_tag_fos4: frequency 2 cadence 4 = 0 
00:09:07: cmapp_process_tag_rct1: cadence 1 repeat count = 0 
00:09:07: cmapp_process_tag_rct2: cadence 2 repeat count = 0 
00:09:07: cmapp_process_tag_rct3: cadence 3 repeat count = 0 
00:09:07: cmapp_process_tag_rct4: cadence 4 repeat count = 0 
! The rest of the debug output is not shown. 

Custom Tone Usage in H.323 mode

Provided that the custom tones have been downloaded to the gateway, they can also be used in H.323 mode. For instance, if the MGCP gateway loses connectivity with Cisco CallManager, it can be configured so that it reverts to H.323 control (this feature is known as MGCP gateway fallback). The downloaded custom tone tables continue to be used in H.323 mode.


Note For information about how to configure MGCP gateway fallback, refer to Interworking of Cisco MGCP Voice Gateways and Cisco CallManager Version 3.1.



Note The Special Information Tone (SIT) is not currently supported in H.323 mode. Use of the SIT is supported only in MGCP mode.


Related Documentation

For additional information, refer to the following documentation:

Cisco CallManager Administration Guide, Release 3.3(2)

Cisco CallManager System Guide, Release 3.3(2)

Cisco 1751 Router Software Configuration Guide

Cisco IOS Dial Technologies Configuration Guide, Release 12.2

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To obtain a directory of toll-free Cisco TAC telephone numbers for your country, go to the following URL:

http://www.cisco.com/warp/public/687/Directory/DirTAC.shtml

Before calling, please check with your network operations center to determine the level of Cisco support services to which your company is entitled; for example, SMARTnet, SMARTnet Onsite, or Network Supported Accounts (NSA). In addition, please have available your service agreement number and your product serial number.

Obtaining Additional Publications and Information

Information about Cisco products, technologies, and network solutions is available from various online and printed sources.

The Cisco Product Catalog describes the networking products offered by Cisco Systems as well as ordering and customer support services. Access the Cisco Product Catalog at this URL:

http://www.cisco.com/en/US/products/products_catalog_links_launch.html

Cisco Press publishes a wide range of networking publications. Cisco suggests these titles for new and experienced users: Internetworking Terms and Acronyms Dictionary, Internetworking Technology Handbook, Internetworking Troubleshooting Guide, and the Internetworking Design Guide. For current Cisco Press titles and other information, go to Cisco Press online at this URL:

http://www.ciscopress.com

Packet magazine is the Cisco monthly periodical that provides industry professionals with the latest information about the field of networking. You can access Packet magazine at this URL:

http://www.cisco.com/en/US/about/ac123/ac114/about_cisco_packet_magazine.html

iQ Magazine is the Cisco monthly periodical that provides business leaders and decision makers with the latest information about the networking industry. You can access iQ Magazine at this URL:

http://business.cisco.com/prod/tree.taf%3fasset_id=44699&public_view=true&kbns=1.html

Internet Protocol Journal is a quarterly journal published by Cisco Systems for engineering professionals involved in the design, development, and operation of public and private internets and intranets. You can access the Internet Protocol Journal at this URL:

http://www.cisco.com/en/US/about/ac123/ac147/about_cisco_the_internet_protocol_journal.html

Training—Cisco offers world-class networking training, with current offerings in network training listed at this URL:

http://www.cisco.com/en/US/learning/le31/learning_recommended_training_list.html