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Cisco 12006 and Cisco 12406 Router Installation and Configuration Guide
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Preface
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Chapter 1 - Product Overview
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Chapter 2 - Preparing for Installation
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Chapter 3 - Installing the Router
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Chapter 4 - Troubleshooting the Installation
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Chapter 5 - Field Diagnostics for the Cisco 12000 Series Router
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Chapter 6 - Maintaining the Router
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Appendix A - Technical Specifications
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Appendix B - Repackaging the Router
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Table Of Contents
Installing the Rack-Mount Brackets (Optional)
Installing the Optional Rack-Mount Brackets
Installing Center-Mount Brackets (Optional)
Installing the Optional Center-Mount Brackets
Installing the Chassis in a Rack
Installing the Chassis on a Tabletop or Flat Surface
Supplemental Bonding and Grounding Connections
Connecting RP and Line Card Cables
Connecting to the Console and Auxiliary Ports
GRP Console and Auxiliary Ports
PRP Console and Auxiliary Ports
Installing a Flash Memory Card
Connecting the GRP to an Ethernet Network
Connecting the PRP to an Ethernet Network
Connecting to an AC Power Source
Connecting to a DC Power Source
IOS Software Configuration for the Router
Conditions to Check Before System Startup
Starting the Router and Observing Initial Conditions
RP Interfaces Using the RP LEDs
Locating a Valid Cisco IOS Software Image
Booting from the Cisco IOS Software Image
Subinterface Configuration Mode
setup Command Interactive Script Example
Configuring Network Interfaces
Verifying the Running Configuration Settings
show running Config Command Example
Saving the Running Configuration Settings to NVRAM
Reviewing the Running Configuration Settings
Using Flash Memory Cards in the RP
Installing the Flash Memory Card in a RP
Removing the Flash Memory Card from an RP
Formatting a Flash Memory Card
Copying a Cisco IOS Software Image
Copying Cisco IOS Software Updates
Copying Files Between RP Memory and a Flash Memory Card
Copying Configuration Files from RP NVRAM to a Flash Memory Card
Copying a Configuration File from RP DRAM to a Flash Memory Card
Copying a Configuration File from a Flash Memory Card to RP NVRAM
Locked Blocks in Flash Memory Cards
Cisco IOS Software Configuration Information and Support
Installing the Router
This chapter describes how to do the initial installation and setup of Cisco 12006 and Cisco 12406 Routers. It includes the following sections:
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Supplemental Bonding and Grounding Connections
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Installing a Router
This section explains the procedures for installing Cisco 12006 and Cisco 12406 Routers and contains the following sections:
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Before installing Cisco 12006 and Cisco 12406 Routers, see Chapter 2, "Preparing for Installation," for information on environmental considerations and requirements.
Ensure the following before you install the router:
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Warning
Installing the Rack-Mount Brackets (Optional)
The router accessory kit includes a pair of rack-mount brackets that can be used as a temporary aid to bear the weight of the router while it is being positioned in the equipment rack and secured. The use of these mounting brackets is optional; you can install the router in the rack without using these brackets. These brackets can be left in place following router installation.
Tools and Equipment Required
You need the following items to install the optional rack-mount brackets:
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•
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Installing the Optional Rack-Mount Brackets
To install the rack-mount brackets, see Figure 3-1 and follow these steps:
Step 1
Step 2
a.
b.
c.
Step 3
Step 4
Step 5
Figure 3-1 Installing the Optional Rack-Mount Brackets
Installing Center-Mount Brackets (Optional)
To install the Cisco 12006 or Cisco 12406 Router in the center-mount position, you must first install the upper and lower center-mount brackets on the equipment rack rails, then secure the chassis to the center-mount brackets. (See Figure 3-2.) If you do not plan to use the optional center-mount brackets, proceed directly to the "Installing the Chassis in a Rack" section.
Figure 3-2 Lower and Upper Center-Mount Brackets
The optional center-mount bracket installation kit ships in an accessories box included in the router shipping container. If any parts are missing, contact a Cisco service representative for assistance.
Tools and Equipment Required
You need the following items to install the optional center-mount rack-mounting brackets:
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•
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Installing the Optional Center-Mount Brackets
To install the center-mount brackets, see Figure 3-2 and follow these steps:
Step 1
Caution
Step 2
a.
b.
c.
Step 3
Step 4
Step 5
Step 6
Installing the Chassis in a Rack
This section explains how to install Cisco 12006 and Cisco 12406 Routers in a rack. This procedure assumes you have unpacked the router using the Cisco 12006 and Cisco 12406 Router Unpacking and Repacking Instructions (Document number 78-16104-xx) posted on the outside of the shipping container.
You mount the chassis in the equipment rack by setting the chassis in position against the rack rails and then securing it to the rack or optional center-mount brackets with screws through holes in the rack-mounting flanges on either side of the chassis. To accommodate racks with different hole patterns in their rails, the chassis rack-mounting flanges have two groups of eight oblong screw holes on either side. (See Figure 3-3.) The mounting holes in the chassis flanges are spaced so that one mounting hole in each hole group aligns with a hole in the rack rail or optional center-mount bracket. By using the corresponding mounting hole (in the same hole group) on the opposite side of the chassis, you can level the chassis in the rack.
Figure 3-3 Chassis Mounting Bracket Holes
To install the chassis in a rack, see Figure 3-3 and follow these steps:
Step 1
Step 2
Note
Step 3
a.
b.
c.
d.
Step 4
Caution
Step 5
Installing the Chassis on a Tabletop or Flat Surface
Follow the steps below to install a Cisco 12006 Router or Cisco 12406 Router on a tabletop or stable flat surface. You can use the same mounting hardware that secured your router to the shipping pallet to secure the chassis to a flat surface.
Step 1
Caution
Step 2
Step 3
Supplemental Bonding and Grounding Connections
If the router is installed in a network equipment building system (NEBS) environment, follow the guidelines in this section. For installations other than in a NEBS environment, you may chose to rely on the safety earth ground connection supplied via the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) 320 inlets for AC-powered units and the main terminal block ground connection for DC-powered units.
Even though the router chassis requires a safety earth ground connection as part of the power cabling to the PDU, we strongly recommend that you connect the central office ground system or interior equipment grounding system to the supplemental bonding and grounding receptacle on the router chassis, which satisfies the Telcordia NEBS requirement for supplemental bonding and grounding connections. This receptacle consists of three threaded inserts located on the side of the chassis near the back panel. (See Figure 3-4.)
Figure 3-4 Supplemental Bonding and Grounding Port for NEBS Compliance
Use a dual-hole lug to connect to the chassis with two 6.3-mm (M6) screws on the 0.63-inch (16-mm) centers as shown in Figure 3-4 and Figure 3-5. The lug can be ordered from Cisco (Part Number 32-0607-01).
Figure 3-5 Cable Lug
The dual-hole lug is crimped onto a grounding wire of a wire size and length determined by your router location and facility environment. The crimping tool shown in Figure 3-6 is a standard crimping tool obtainable from many sources.
Figure 3-6 Crimping the Lug
Note
Connecting RP and Line Card Cables
To connect RP and line card cables, see Figure 3-7 and follow these steps:
Step 1
Step 2
Step 3
Figure 3-7 Chassis Cable-Management Bracket
Step 4
Step 5
Caution
Step 6
Connecting Alarm Card Cables
Cisco 12006 and Cisco 12406 Routers have two alarm cards located in the two slots immediately above the left power supply bay and directly below the clock and scheduler card slots. Each alarm card is equipped with a standard DB-9 connector, labeled ALARM. This connector can be used to connect the router to an external site alarm maintenance system so that any critical, major, and minor alarms generated in the router also energize alarm relays on the alarm card and activate the external site alarm. Appendix A, "Technical Specifications," lists the pin-to-signal correspondence between the connector pins and the alarm card relay contacts.
Because alarm contact cables are entirely dependent on installation site circumstances, alarm connector cables are not available from Cisco Systems.
Note
Note
Connecting to the Console and Auxiliary Ports
This section provides the information for connecting console terminals and other auxiliary devices to the console and auxiliary ports on the router. Both Data Set Ready (DSR) and Data Carrier Detect (DCD) signals are active when the system is running. The console port does not support modem control or hardware flow control. GRP ports are discussed below. PRP ports are discussed in the "PRP Console and Auxiliary Ports" section.
GRP Console and Auxiliary Ports
This section provides connection equipment and pin designation information for the console and auxiliary ports on the Gigabit Route Processor (GRP).
Note
The GRP has two EIA/TIA-232 ports:
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•
The DCE-mode console port is a DCE DB-25 receptacle used for connecting a console terminal, which you will need to configure the router.
The DTE-mode auxiliary port is a DTE DB-25 plug for connecting a modem or other DCE device (such as a channel service unit/data service unit [CSU/DSU] or another router) to the router.
Note
Figure 3-8 GRP Console DCE and Auxiliary DTE Port Connections
Check your terminal documentation to determine the baud rate of the terminal you plan to use. If your documentation does not specify settings, use the following terminal settings: 9600 baud, 8 data bits, no parity, and 2 stop bits. You will need an EIA/TIA-232 DCE console cable to connect the terminal to the console port.
Note
GRP Console Port Signals
The console port on the GRP requires a straight-through EIA/TIA-232 cable. Table 3-1 lists the signal-to-pin correspondence for the GRP console port.
GRP Auxiliary Port Signals
The GRP auxiliary port is a DB-25 plug DTE port for connecting a modem or other DCE device (such as a CSU/DSU or other router) to the router. The auxiliary port is located next to the console port on the GRP card. The auxiliary port supports hardware flow control and modem control. An example of a modem connection is shown in Figure 3-8. Table 3-2 lists the signal-to-pin correspondence for the auxiliary port.
Note
PRP Console and Auxiliary Ports
The system console port on the PRP is a DCE RJ-45 receptacle for connecting a data terminal, which you must configure. The console port is labeled Console, as shown in Figure 3-9. Before connecting the console port, check the documentation for your terminal to determine the baud rate.
If your documentation does not specify settings, use the following terminal settings: 9600 baud, 8 data bits, no parity, and 2 stop bits. The console port requires a rollover RJ-45 cable.
Figure 3-9 PRP Console and Auxiliary Port Connections
Note
Caution
Note
Note
PRP Console Port Signals
The console port on the PRP is a DCE RJ-45 receptacle. Table 3-3 lists the signal-to-pin correspondence for the PRP console port.
Table 3-3 PRP Console Port Signals
11
—
—
—
2
DTR
Output
Data Terminal Ready
3
TxD
Output
Transmit Data
4
GND
—
Signal Ground
5
GND
—
Signal Ground
6
RxD
Input
Receive Data
7
DSR
Input
Data Set Ready
81
—
—
—
1 These pins are not connected.
PRP Auxiliary Port Signals
The auxiliary port on the PRP is a DTE, RJ-45 plug for connecting a modem or other DCE device (such as a CSU/DSU or another router) to the router. The port is labeled AUX, as shown in Figure 3-9. The asynchronous auxiliary port supports hardware flow control and modem control. Table 3-4 lists the signal-to-pin correspondence for the PRP auxiliary port.
Installing a Flash Memory Card
By default, a Flash memory card containing a valid Cisco IOS software image is inserted in PCMCIA slot 0 before the router is shipped. (See Figure 3-10.) PCMCIA slot 0 (SLOT-0) is the bottom slot and slot 1 (SLOT-1) is the top slot. Both Flash memory card slots on each RP can be used at the same time.
The software configuration register is set to 0x0102, which causes the router to boot automatically from the Cisco IOS software image stored on the Flash memory card.
Figure 3-10 Flash Memory Card Slot Opening
Ensure that a console terminal is connected to the RP console port and turned on, or that you have a remote login to the router from another device through a Telnet session.
Connecting the GRP to an Ethernet Network
This section provides information for connecting the GRP to an Ethernet network. Figure 3-11 shows the RJ-45 and MII Ethernet ports on the GRP.
Figure 3-11 RJ-45 and MII Ethernet Connections
The GRP has one Ethernet port, which uses either of these port connectors:
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•
Note
The speed is determined by the network to which the Ethernet interface is connected, and is not user-configurable. Moreover, even at the auto-sensed data transmission rate of 100 Mbps, the Ethernet port provides maximum usable bandwidth of less than 100 Mbps. Expect a maximum usable bandwidth of approximately 20 Mbps when using either the MII or RJ-45 connection.The Ethernet port can use either unshielded twisted-pair or screened twisted-pair cable. In sites where extremely high immunity to noise is required, screened twisted-pair cable is recommended. Figure 3-12 shows the layout of the Ethernet MII receptacle on the GRP.
Figure 3-12 Ethernet MII Receptacle
Table 3-5 lists the signal-to-pin correspondence for the Ethernet MII connector.
Table 3-5 Ethernet MII Pin Configuration
14 to17
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Yes
-
Transmit Data
TxD
12
Yes
-
-
Transmit Clock
Tx_CLK2
11
-
Yes
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Transmit Error
Tx_ER
13
-
Yes
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Transmit Enable
Tx_EN
3
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Yes
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MII Data Clock
MDC
4 to 7
Yes
-
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Receive Data
RxD
9
Yes
-
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Receive Clock
Rx_CLK
10
Yes
-
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Receive Error
Rx_ER
8
Yes
-
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Receive Data Valid
Rx_DV
18
Yes
-
-
Collision
COL
19
Yes
-
-
Carrier Sense
CRS
2
-
-
Yes
MII Data Input/Output
MDIO
22 to 39
-
-
-
Common
Ground
1, 20, 21, 40
-
-
-
+5.0 V
V
1 Unlisted pins are not used.
2 Tx_CLK and Rx_CLK are provided by the external transceiver.
Figure 3-13 shows the pin configuration on the Ethernet RJ-45 receptacle on the GRP. Table 3-6 lists the signal-to-pin correspondence for the Ethernet RJ-45 receptacle on the GRP.
Figure 3-13 Ethernet RJ-45 Receptacle
Table 3-6 Ethernet RJ-45 Receptacle Pin Configuration
1
TX+
2
TX-
3
RX+
4
Termination Network
5
Termination Network
6
RX-
7
Termination Network
8
Termination Network
Warning
Connecting the PRP to an Ethernet Network
This section provides information for connecting the PRP on your router to an Ethernet network.
The PRP includes two 10/100 Mbps Ethernet ports, each using an 8-pin RJ-45 receptacle for either IEEE 802.3 10BASE-T (10 Mbps) or IEEE 802.3u 100BASE-TX (100 Mbps) connections. The transmission speed of the Ethernet ports is auto-sensing by default and is user configurable.
The Ethernet interfaces on the PRP are end-station devices, not repeaters; therefore, you must connect an Ethernet interface to a repeater or hub. To connect cables to the PRP Ethernet interfaces (ports labeled ETH0 and ETH1), attach the Category 5 UTP cable directly to a RJ-45 receptacle on the PRP.
RJ-45 cables are not available from Cisco Systems, but are available from outside commercial cable vendors.
Note
Caution
Figure 3-14 shows an example of the functionality of an Ethernet port. In this example, you cannot access Network 2.0.0.0 via the Ethernet port (ETH0) on the PRP in Router A; you can only access the hosts and Router C, which are in Network 1.0.0.0. (See dotted arrows in Figure 3-14.)
To access Network 2.0.0.0 from Router A, use an interface port on one of the line cards (in this example, a Packet-over-SONET [POS] line card in Router A) to go through Router B, through Router C, and into Network 2.0.0.0. (See solid arrows in Figure 3-14.)
Figure 3-14 Using the Ethernet Port on the PRP
PRP Ethernet Connections
Figure 3-15 shows a PRP RJ-45 receptacle and cable connector. The RJ-45 connection does not require an external transceiver. The RJ-45 connection requires Category 5 unshielded twisted-pair (UTP) cables, which are not available from Cisco Systems, but are available from commercial cable vendors. Table 3-7 lists the signal-to-pin correspondence for the RJ-45 receptacle.
Figure 3-15 RJ-45 Receptacle and Plug (Horizontal Orientation)
Warning
Depending on your RJ-45 cabling requirements, use the connector pinouts shown in Figure 3-16 or Figure 3-17.
Figure 3-16 Straight-Through Cable Pinout (Connecting MDI Ethernet Port to MDI-X Wiring)
Figure 3-17 Crossover Cable Pinout (for Connecting Two PRPs)
Table 3-8 lists the cabling specifications for 100-Mbps transmission over unshielded twisted-pair (UTP) cables.
Note
Table 3-8 Specifications and Connection Limits for 100-Mbps Transmission
Cable specification
Cable length (max)
—
Segment length (max)
328 feet (100 m) for 100BASE-TX
Network length (max)
656 feet (200 m)3 (with 1 repeater)
1 EIA/TIA-568- or EIA-TIA-568 TSB-36-compliant. Not supplied by Cisco.
2 AWG = American Wire Gauge. This gauge is specified by the EIA/TIA-568 standard.
3 This length is specifically between any two stations on a repeated segment.
Table 3-9 lists IEEE 802.3u physical characteristics for 100BASE-TX.
Table 3-9 IEEE 802.3u Physical Characteristics
Data rate (Mbps)
100
Signaling method
Baseband
Maximum segment length
100 m between DTE1 and repeaters
Media
Category 5 UTP (for RJ-45)
Topology
Star/Hub
1 DTE = data terminal equipment.
Connecting to an AC Power Source
This section presents the procedure for connecting your router to an AC power source. A power factor corrector (PFC) allows the AC-input power supply to accept AC power source voltage from an AC power source operating between 100 and 240 VAC, 20-Amp service in North America; and a range of from 185 to 264 VAC, 16-Amp service in an international environment.
Caution
Warning
When operating your router on a power source, the power supply bays must have one of the following power combinations installed before operating the router:
Table 3-10 Required Power Combinations
AC power
1 AC-input power supply
1 power supply blank2 AC-input power supplies
DC power
1 DC-input PEM
1 PEM blank2 DC-input PEMs
Figure 3-18 AC Power Distribution Unit
Captive screws (four)
AC power distribution unit
AC power cord receptacle A
Guide pin
AC power cord receptacle B
Blower module connector
To connect AC power to the AC PDU on the router, see Figure 3-18 and follow these steps:
Step 1
Step 2
Note
Step 3
Step 4
For full redundancy, connect each AC-input power supply to an independent power circuit with its own circuit breaker. We also recommend that you use an uninterruptable power source (UPS) to protect against power failures at your site.
Step 5
Note
Connecting to a DC Power Source
This section provides the procedure for connecting the router to a DC power source.
Warning
Figure 3-19 DC PDU
Captive screws (four)
DC PDU
DC power connector block (A)
Guide pin
DC power connector block (B)
Blower module connector
To connect source DC power to the DC PDU, see Figure 3-19 and Figure 3-20 and follow these steps:
Step 1
Step 2
Figure 3-20 DC PDU Power Connector Block
Negative terminal port
Ground terminal port
Positive terminal port
Terminal port connector screws
Step 3
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•
a.
b.
c.
Step 4
Power On the Router
To power on the router, follow these steps:
Step 1
During the first-time startup, the system displays the system banner information. Check the startup banner and displays to ensure that the system has restarted properly and that all the interfaces reinitialize properly.
Step 2
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–
–
•
–
–
–
Step 3
•
•
Step 4
Note
Figure 3-21 Alarm Card LEDs On/Off Conditions
MBus status LED
Critical alarm LED
CSC status LEDs (two)
Major alarm LED
SFC status LEDs (three)
Minor alarm LED
Step 5
LEDs that normally should be off:
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•
•
•
LEDs that normally should be on:
•
•
•
Step 6
If the power modules do not power up, or if the system or any interfaces do not initialize properly, see Chapter 4, "Troubleshooting the Installation." If you are still unable to resolve the problem, contact your Cisco service representative for assistance.
IOS Software Configuration for the Router
This section explains how to configure your system so that it can access the network or enable other hosts on the network to access your system remotely by means of a Telnet connection. You can find more information in the configuration publications listed in the "If You Need More Information" section.
The system startup process and a procedure for performing a basic configuration of your router are presented in the following sections:
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Cisco IOS Software Images
A default Cisco IOS software image for your system is available through any of the internal or external sources described in Table 3-11.
Conditions to Check Before System Startup
Ensure that the following conditions are met before starting up the router:
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By default, the software configuration register is set to 0x0102, causing the system to boot automatically from the Cisco IOS software image stored on the Flash memory card. New Flash memory cards must be formatted before use. To format a new Flash memory card, refer to the section "Formatting a Flash Memory Card".
Overview of the Boot Process
The example below assumes that the router is plugged into a power source and the router is running, blower module fans are audible, and alarm card ENABLED LEDs are lit up.
The following is an example of a typical boot process:
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Starting the Router and Observing Initial Conditions
Observe the following conditions the first time you start your router:
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•
•
•
•
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Caution
•
•
For a router equipped with AC-input power supplies, when a power supply is seated in its bay and is receiving the required power source:
–
–
For a router equipped with DC-input PEMs—When a PEM is seated in its bay and is receiving the required power source:
–
–
–
•
At the rear of the chassis, observe the status of the two LEDs on the blower module. When the blower module is operating correctly, the left LED should should be on (green) and the right LED (red) should be off.
Listen for the blowers in the blower module; they should be running. In a noisy environment, the blower might be difficult to hear. In that case, place your hand near the exhaust vents at the top and bottom rear of the chassis to verify that the blower is operating.
RP Alphanumeric LED
RP alphanumeric LEDs are located at one end of the RP faceplate, near the ejector lever. Figure 3-22 shows the RP LED displays.
Figure 3-22 RP Alphanumeric LED Displays
Each four-digit display shows part of a two-line system message. During the RP boot process, the LED displays present a sequence of messages similar to that shown in Table 3-12.
Table 3-12 LED Display Meaning and Signal Source
MROM
nnnnThe MBus microcode begins to execute; nnnn is the microcode version number. For example, microcode version 1.17 displays as 0117.1
Note
MBus controller
LMEM
TESTLow memory on the RP is being tested.
RP ROM monitor
MEM
INITThe size of main memory on the RP is being discovered.
RP ROM monitor
RP
RDYThe system is operational and ready to execute basic Cisco IOS software commands at the ROM monitor prompt (rommon>).
RP ROM monitor
RP
UPA valid Cisco IOS image is running.
RP IOS software
PRI
RPThe RP is enabled and recognized as the system primary. A valid Cisco IOS image is running.
RP IOS software
SEC
RPThe RP is enabled and recognized as the system secondary. A valid Cisco IOS image is running.
RP IOS software
1 The version of MBus microcode running on your system might be different.
RP Interfaces Using the RP LEDs
Two types of RPs are available for Cisco 12006 and Cisco 12406 Routers: the Gigabit Route Processor (GRP) and the Performance Route Processor (PRP).
Each of these route processor types is reviewed in the following sections:
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•
Note
The RJ-45 port LEDs on the RP indicate the following conditions:
•
•
•
•
The alphanumeric LED displays indicate a successful RP boot.
GRP Interfaces Using the GRP LEDs
The GRP faceplate has eight device or port LED activity indicators. Each LED goes on when its corresponding PCMCIA slot is accessed. The ports are as follows:
•
•
•
When the Ethernet port LEDs are lit, they identify which of the two Ethernet connections is selected. When the RJ-45 port is selected, that LED is on and the MII LED is off. When the MII port is selected, that LED is on and the RJ-45 LED is off. (See Figure 3-23.)
Figure 3-23 RP RJ-45 and MII Ports LEDs
LINK
Indicates link activity
COLL
Indicates collision detection
TX
Indicates data transmission
RX
Indicates data reception
When you start an unconfigured system for the first time, the console screen displays a system banner and then automatically starts the System Configuration Dialogue. Observe the Cisco IOS banner on the console screen. If a Flash memory card containing a valid Cisco IOS software image is inserted in PCMCIA slot 0 and the software configuration register is set to 0x0102 (the factory default setting), the router automatically boots using this image.
As the router boots the Cisco IOS software image, the console screen displays a system banner similar to the following:
Cisco Internetwork Operating System SoftwareIOS (tm) GS Software (GSR-P-M)12.0(20020120:204554)Copyright (c) 1986-2002 by cisco Systems, Inc.Compiled Sat 20-Aug-01 18:34...
Note
If the ROM monitor prompt (rommon>) appears on the system console, your router did not find a valid system image, or the boot sequence was otherwise interrupted, and the system entered read-only memory (ROM) monitor mode.
To boot a Cisco IOS software image manually, enter the boot command on the system console. For information on using the various forms of the boot command, see the following sections:
•
•
PRP Interfaces Using the PRP LEDs
The PRP faceplate has eight device or port LED activity indicators. (See Figure 3-24.) Each LED goes on when its corresponding PCMCIA slot is accessed. The ports are as follows:
•
•
•
Figure 3-24 PRP LEDs
LINK
Indicates link activity
EN
Indicates the port is enabled
TX
Indicates data transmission
RX
Indicates data reception
When you start an unconfigured system for the first time, the console screen displays a system banner and then automatically starts the System Configuration Dialogue. Observe the Cisco IOS banner on the console screen. If a Flash memory card containing a valid Cisco IOS software image is inserted in PCMCIA slot 0 and the software configuration register is set to 0x0102 (the factory default setting), the router automatically boots using this image.
As the router boots the Cisco IOS software image, the console screen displays a system banner similar to the following:
Cisco Internetwork Operating System SoftwareIOS (tm) GS Software (GSR-P-M)12.0(20020120:204554)Copyright (c) 1986-2002 by cisco Systems, Inc.Compiled Sat 20-Aug-01 18:34...
Note
If the ROM monitor prompt (rommon>) appears on the system console, your router did not find a valid system image, or the boot sequence was otherwise interrupted, and the system entered read-only memory (ROM) monitor mode.
To boot a Cisco IOS software image manually, enter the boot command on the system console. For information on using the various forms of the boot command, see the following sections:
•
•
System Configuration Dialogue
The following information is an example of a System Configuration Dialog interactive script message that appears on the system console. This interactive script prompts you through the steps to create a router configuration database file defining basic system operation parameters.
--- System Configuration Dialog ---Continue with configuration dialog? [yes/no]:External Network Interface
After configuration, the RP and line cards can communicate with external networks. You do not need to configure the network interfaces immediately, but you cannot connect to a network until you configure the interfaces for operation in your networking environment. For configuration information, see the "Router Configuration" section.
Note
To verify correct operation of each line card interface, complete the first-time setup procedures and configuration, then check the status of the interfaces against the LED descriptions in the configuration notes for each line card.
If the system does not complete each of the boot process steps, see Chapter 4, "Troubleshooting the Installation."
Manually Booting the System
If your router does not find a valid system configuration image, or if you interrupt the boot sequence, the system might enter read-only memory (ROM) monitor mode and display the ROM monitor prompt (rommon>). From ROM monitor mode, you have access to a number of commands to locate and boot a valid system image.
Locating a Valid Cisco IOS Software Image
To locate a Cisco IOS software image for manually booting the router from the ROM monitor prompt (rommon>), follow the steps below:
Step 1
rommon 1> dir bootflash:File size Checksum File name3277967 bytes (0x32048f) 0x6b331e30 gsr-p-mz.120-7.4.5rommon 2>Step 2
You can determine the content of the card by issuing the ROM monitor mode dir slotn: command, where n represents either 0 (slot 0) or 1 (slot 1). The following example of the command lists the contents of the Flash memory card in slot 0:
rommon 2> dir slot0:File size Checksum File name3277967 bytes (0x32048f) 0x6b331e30 gsr-p-mz.120-7.4.5rommon 3>
Booting from the Cisco IOS Software Image
After locating a valid Cisco IOS software image, you can boot from that image manually by issuing the appropriate ROM monitor mode boot commands from the list in Table 3-13.
Ensure that the Flash memory card inserted in PCMCIA slot 0 contains a valid Cisco IOS software image. Otherwise, the system will boot an invalid image from the Flash memory card. To examine the contents of a Flash memory card, enter the dir slotn: command.
If you did not change the contents of the software configuration register, the factory default setting of 0x0102 in the software configuration register causes the system to boot Cisco IOS software from a Flash memory card inserted in PCMCIA slot 0 the next time you boot the router.
Router Configuration
You can perform a basic configuration for your router by using either the setup command automatic prompt method, or the global configuration method in which you enter each option and parameter manually. Configuration is described in these sections:
Before You Begin
Before you begin the configuration process for your router, you should have the following information available:
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setup Command
One option is to use the setup command, also known as the setup command utility. During the first startup of an unconfigured router, the system automatically starts the setup command utility, which enables you to begin configuring your router. The setup command utility presents a structured, interactive script that guides you through the process.
You can invoke the setup command utility at any time by issuing the setup command at the privileged EXEC mode prompt (Router#), which invokes the same configuration script that appears automatically during the first startup of an unconfigured router. You can enter the setup command at any time to alter previously entered configuration information.
The advantage in using the setup command utility is that the system uses an interactive script to guide you through the configuration process.
Global Configuration Mode
The router can be configured manually using the global configuration mode through the Cisco IOS command line interface (CLI). This method requires you to enter configuration commands on a line-by-line basis at the system console, without being prompted by the setup command configuration script.
Cisco IOS User Interface
The Cisco IOS software provides a command line interface by which you can configure and manage your router. If you are unfamiliar with the Cisco IOS command line interface, refer to the "Using the Command Line Interface" chapter in the Cisco Configuration Fundamentals Configuration Guide, which discusses different command modes, context-sensitive help, and editing features.
User Interface Command Modes
The Cisco IOS user interface is organized into many different modes. The commands that are available depend on which mode you are currently in. Entering a question mark (?) at the system prompt displays a list of commands available for the current command mode.
When you start a session on the router, you begin in user mode, often called EXEC mode. Only a limited subset of commands are available in EXEC mode. To have access to all commands, enter privileged EXEC mode, which requires that you enter a password. From privileged EXEC mode, you can enter any EXEC command or enter global configuration mode. Most of the EXEC commands are one-time commands, such as show commands, which show the current configuration status, and clear commands, which clear counters or interfaces. The EXEC commands are not saved across reboots of the router.
The configuration modes allow you to make changes to the running configuration. If you later save the configuration, these commands are stored and can be used when you reboot your router. Starting at global configuration mode, you can enter interface configuration mode, subinterface configuration mode, and other protocol-specific modes.
ROM monitor mode is a separate mode used when the router cannot boot properly. If the router does not find a valid system image when it is booting, or if the router configuration file is corrupt at startup, the system might enter ROM monitor mode.
User EXEC Mode
After the router boots successfully and loads the Cisco IOS software, the system software displays the user EXEC mode prompt on the system console. The user EXEC mode prompt consists of the assigned router host name plus the greater than bracket (>). The default host name is router unless it has been changed during initial configuration using the setup command facility. The user EXEC mode prompt for a router with the factory default name is Router.
Router>Privileged EXEC Mode
Because many of the privileged commands set operating parameters, privileged access should be password protected to prevent unauthorized use. To enter privileged EXEC mode, enter the enable command at the user EXEC mode prompt. If the enable secret password was set and saved in memory, the system prompts you to enter the enable secret password. The password is not displayed on the screen and is case sensitive. When the system accepts the password, it changes the prompt to the privileged EXEC mode prompt, which consists of the assigned router host name followed by the pound sign (#). The following example shows the change from user EXEC mode to privileged EXEC mode on the router named Router.
Router> enablepassword: <password>Router#For information about using passwords, see the "Configuring Global Parameters" section.
Global Configuration Mode
Global configuration commands apply to features that affect the system as a whole, rather than just one protocol or interface. Use the configure terminal privileged EXEC command to enter global configuration mode. Commands to enable a particular routing or bridging function are global configuration commands.
Interface Configuration Mode
Many features are enabled on a per-interface basis. Interface configuration commands modify the operation of an interface, such as Ethernet, FDDI, or serial port. Interface configuration commands always follow an interface global configuration command, which defines the interface type.
For details on interface configuration commands that affect general interface parameters, such as bandwidth or clock rate, refer to the "Interface Commands" chapter in the Configuration Fundamentals Command Reference. For protocol-specific commands, see the appropriate Cisco IOS software command reference.
Subinterface Configuration Mode
You can configure multiple virtual interfaces (called subinterfaces) on a single physical interface. Subinterfaces appear to be distinct physical interfaces to the various protocols. For detailed information on how to configure subinterfaces, see the appropriate module for a specific protocol in the Cisco IOS software documentation.
ROM Monitor Mode
If your router does not find a valid system image, or if you interrupt the boot sequence, the system might enter read-only memory (ROM) monitor mode. From ROM monitor mode, you can boot the system or perform diagnostic tests. You also can enter ROM monitor mode by entering the reload EXEC command and then pressing the Break key during the first 60 seconds of startup.
Configuration Changes
This section describes how to configure the router. It includes information on the following topics:
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During the first-time startup of an unconfigured router, the system automatically starts the setup command utility and begins displaying the interactive System Configuration Dialog on the system console screen. The System Configuration Dialog guides you through the configuration process with prompts for global (system-wide) parameters and interface (line card) parameters.
The System Configuration Dialog prompts and the order in which they appear on the screen vary depending on the platform, interfaces installed, router, and the Cisco IOS software image the router is running.
Let the entire System Configuration Dialogue script run, until you come to the item that you want to change. To accept default settings for items that you do not want to change, press the console keyboard Return key. To return to the privileged EXEC prompt without making changes, press Ctrl-C. To access help text in the setup command utility, press the question mark key (?) at any prompt.
When you complete your changes, the setup command utility displays the configuration command script that was created as a result of the changes entered during the setup session. It also queries if you want to use this configuration. If you answer Yes, the configuration is saved to NVRAM. If you answer No, the configuration is not saved and the process begins again. There is no default for this prompt; you must answer either Yes or No.
The "setup Command Interactive Script Example" section, shows a setup session automatically invoked during the first-time startup of the router. During first-time startup, the system displays the system banner information, then starts the System Configuration Dialog.
The output shown in this example depends on the image version of the Cisco IOS software and the way your router is equipped. Your configuration dialog might be different.
The setup command script is a self-guiding interactive script that prompts you for responses and provides default or alternative values wherever possible.
setup Command Interactive Script Example
Cisco Internetwork Operating System Software...--- System Configuration Dialog ---Continue with configuration dialog? [yes/no]: YesAt any point you may enter a question mark '?' for help.Use ctrl-c to abort configuration dialog at any prompt.Default settings are in square brackets '[]'.Basic setup only configures enough connectivityfor management of the system, extended setup will ask youto configure each interface of the system.Would you like to enter basic management setup? [yes/no]: YesConfiguring global parameters:Enter host name [Router]: RouterThe enable secret is a password used to protect access toprivileged EXEC and configuration modes. This password, afterentered, becomes encrypted in the configuration.Enter enable secret [<Use current secret>]: alphaThe enable password is used when you do not specify anenable secret password, with some older software versions, andsome boot images.Enter enable password: bravoThe virtual terminal password is used to protectaccess to the router over a network interface.Enter virtual terminal password: charlieConfigure SNMP Network Management? [no]:Current interface summaryInterface IP-Address OK? Method Status ProtocolEthernet0 unassigned YES unset administratively down downPOS1/0 unassigned YES unset administratively down downSDCC1/0 unassigned YES unset administratively down downPOS2/0 unassigned YES unset administratively down downSDCC1/0 unassigned YES unset administratively down down...POS15/0 unassigned YES unset administratively down downSDCC15/0 unassigned YES unset administratively down downEnter interface name used to connect to themanagement network from the above interface summary: Ethernet0Configuring interface Ethernet0:Configure IP on this interface? YesIP address for this interface: 172.99.99.2Subnet mask for this interface: 255.85.89.000Class B network is 172.88.9.0, 8 subnet bits; mask is /24The following configuration command script was created:hostname Routerenable secret 5 $1$krIg$emfYm/1OwHVspDuS8Gy0K1enable password wilmaline vty 0 4password charlieno snmp server!no ip routing!interface Ethernet0no shutdownip address 172.88.99.2 255.888.255.0!interface POS1/0shutdownno ip address!interface SDCC1/0shutdownno ip address...interface POS15/0shutdownno ip address!interface SDCC15/0shutdownno ip address!end[0] Go to the IOS command prompt without saving this script.[1] Return back to the setup without saving this config.[2] Save this configuration to nvram and exit.Enter your selection [2]:Building configuration ...Use the enabled mode `configure' command to modify this configuration.router#You can enter the setup command at any time at the privileged EXEC prompt to activate the setup command utility.
The only observable difference between the configuration script displayed when the setup command utility starts automatically on startup, and the script displayed when you enter the setup command, is that the existing script displays any previously entered system configuration defaults within square brackets ([ ]).
For example, during the configuration of a POS interface that has not been previously configured, when using the setup command utility at startup, you will see a display in the following form as you proceed through the script and respond to the prompts:
Configuring interface POS1/0:Is this interface in use?: yesConfigure IP on this interface?: yesIn this example, the script does not display default or current conditions in square brackets ([ ]), because the setup command utility ran automatically at startup and there was no prior configuration information.
When you enter the setup command at the privileged EXEC mode prompt, assuming that the POS interface has been configured previously and you are being queried by the system for changes, you will see a display in the following form:
Configuring interface POS1/0:Is this interface in use?[yes]:Configure IP on this interface?[yes]:The script displays the default or current conditions of the interface in square brackets, ([ ]) because you invoked the setup command utility using the setup command and there is previous configuration information. When a system prompt contains an existing default value in square brackets, press Return to accept the default value, or type an alternate value and press Return.
Configuring Global Parameters
When you first enter the setup utility or invoke the setup command, the system prompts you to configure global parameters for your router. The global parameters are used for controlling system-wide settings, including the following:
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Host Name
The name you assign the router must follow the rules for ARPANET host names. It must start with a letter, end with a letter or digit, and have as interior characters only letters, digits, and hyphens. The name must consist of 63 or fewer characters. For more information, refer to Requests For Comments (RFC) 1035, Domain Names—Implementation and Specifications.
Upper- and lowercase characters look the same to many Internet software applications; therefore, computer names should appear in all lowercase. For more information, refer to RFC 1178, Choosing a Name for Your Computer.
Passwords
The commands available at the user EXEC level are a subset of those available at the privileged EXEC level. Many privileged EXEC commands are used to set system parameters. You should password-protect these commands to prevent their unauthorized use. For information on how to establish password protection or configure privilege levels, refer to the "Configuring Passwords and Privileges" chapter in the Security Configuration Guide. This document is part of the Cisco IOS software configuration documentation set that corresponds to the Cisco IOS software release installed on your Cisco hardware.
The enable secret password functionality is available for Cisco 12006 and Cisco 12406 Routers. You must enter the correct password on the system console to gain access to privileged-level commands. When you are running from the ROM monitor, you can use the enable password, depending on your boot ROM level.
For maximum security, the enable secret and the enable passwords should be different. If you use the same password for both functions during the setup process, the system accepts it but warns that you should enter a different password.
An enable secret password can contain from 1 to 25 uppercase and lowercase alphanumeric characters; an enable password can contain any number of uppercase and lowercase alphanumeric characters. A number cannot be used as the first character. Spaces, however, are valid password characters. For example, two words is a valid password. Leading spaces are ignored, but trailing spaces are recognized. Make a note of all passwords you set, and store that information in a secure location for future reference.
Protocols
For complete information on protocol configuration for your router, refer to the appropriate software configuration publications, which are listed in the "If You Need More Information" section.
Configuring Network Interfaces
This section summarizes information about configuring the network interfaces for the RP and the installed line cards by using the setup command utility or setup command. Once configured, the RP and line cards can communicate with external networks.
To configure the interface parameters for the RP and installed line cards, you need the following information:
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To obtain this information, consult your network administrator. For additional interface configuration information for the RP and each of the line cards installed in your router, refer to the configuration note that shipped with each card.
GRP Ethernet Interfaces
The RJ-45 and MII receptacles on the faceplate of the GRP are IEEE 802.3u-compliant interfaces. These IEEE interfaces provide connectivity to Ethernet networks. You can use either interface, but not both at the same time.
The following configuration dialog example shows the system being configured for an Ethernet interface that will use the IP network layer protocol. (The Ethernet interface does not support external routing functions.) The IP address and subnet mask value below are examples. The actual IP address and subnet mask value would be different.
Configuring interface Ethernet0:Is this interface in use?: yesConfigure IP on this interface?: yesIP address for this interface: 3.3.1.1Number of bits in subnet field: 8Class A network is 3.0.0.0, 8 subnet bits; mask is 255.888.0.0Configure CLNS on this interface?: yesPRP Ethernet Interfaces
The IEEE 802.3 Ethernet interfaces on the PRP allow connections to external Ethernet networks and can transmit data rates of 10 Mbps and 100 Mbps. The transmission speed of the Ethernet ports is auto-sensing by default and is user configurable.
Caution
Line Card Interfaces
Because of the wide variety of line cards supported by Cisco 12006 and Cisco 12406 Routers, you should see the configuration note that shipped with a particular card for interface configuration information. This section provides several examples to show the general way the setup command utility handles line card interface configuration.
The following sample excerpt from a System Configuration Dialog session for a Quad OC-3cPOS line card shows settings for a typical configuration:
Configuring interface POS3/0:Is this interface in use?: yesConfigure IP on this interface?: yesConfigure IP unnumbered on this interface?: noIP address for this interface: 2.1.1.1Number of bits in subnet field: 0Class A network is 2.0.0.0, 0 subnet bits; mask is 255.9.0Configure CLNS on this interface?: yes
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The following sample shows the same Quad OC-3c POS line card interface being configured for IP unnumbered:
Configuring interface POS3/0:Is this interface in use?: yesConfigure IP on this interface?: yesConfigure IP unnumbered on this interface?: yesAssign to which interface: ethernet0Configure CLNS on this interface?: yesIn the following sample, an ATM line card is being configured to use IP:
Configuring interface parameters:Configuring interface ATM1/0:Is this interface in use?: yesConfigure IP on this interface?: yesIP address for this interface: 1.1.1.2Number of bits in subnet field: 0Class A network is 1.0.0.0, 0 subnet bits; mask is 255.9.8.0
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After you have manually configured the network interface parameters using the setup command utility or the setup command, your RP and line card interfaces are available for limited use. To modify the currently saved configuration information, enter the setup command at the privileged EXEC mode prompt (Router#) at any time to start another System Configuration Dialog session.
To perform more complex configuration tasks, enter the configure terminal command at the privileged EXEC mode prompt (Router#) to invoke the global configuration mode [Router(config)#].
Checking the Software Version
To determine the current version of the Cisco IOS software running on your router, enter the show version command at the user EXEC prompt. The Cisco IOS software version number is displayed, as well as other information, including the hardware installed in the system, the names and sources of system image files, and the contents of the software configuration register. The show version command also identifies the type of router.
The example in the show version Command section that follows below shows typical results from the show version command. Depending on the image version of the Cisco IOS software running on your router and the way it is equipped, the results of your show version command might be different.
show version Command
Router# show versionCisco Internetwork Operating System SoftwareIOS (tm) GS Software (GSR-P-M)12.0(20020120:204554)Copyright (c) 1986-2002 by cisco Systems, Inc.Compiled Sat 20-Aug-01 18:34Image text-base: 0x60010950, data-base: 0x61C00000ROM: System Bootstrap, Version 11.2(17)GS2, [name 180] EARLY DEPLOYMENT RELEA)BOOTFLASH: GS Software (GSR-BOOT-M), Version 11.2(18)GS4, EARLY DEPLOYMENT RELEGetty uptime is 22 hours, 15 minutesSystem returned to ROM by reloadSystem image file is "tftp://xxx.xx.xx.xxx/directory/name/gsr-p-mz"cisco 12406/GRP (R5000) processor (revision 0x05) with 262144K bytes of memory.R5000 CPU at 200Mhz, Implementation 35, Rev 2.1, 512KB L2 CacheLast reset from power-on1 Route Processor Card...Configuration register is 0x0...router#Verifying the Running Configuration Settings
To check the running configuration settings or any changes made to settings before you save them, enter the show running-config command at the privileged EXEC mode prompt. For a Quad OC-3c/STM-1c POS interface installed in slot 1, the show running-config command typically displays output in the form shown in the example below. Depending on the image version of the Cisco IOS software running on your router and the way it is equipped, the results of your show running-config command might be different.
show running Config Command Example
router# show running-configBuilding configuration...Current configuration:!version 12.0no service padno service udp-small-serversno service tcp-small-servers!hostname Router!enable secret 5 $1$W6K5$W/p5Bq6IPLGJ/hS9VVP1g.enable password twinkinterface POS1/0ip address 10.1.1.1 255.888.255.0crc 32clock source internal!interface POS1/1no ip addressno ip route-cache cefno ip route-cacheshutdowncrc 32!interface POS1/2no ip addressno ip route-cache cefno ip route-cacheshutdowncrc 32!interface POS1/3no ip addressno ip route-cache cefno ip route-cacheshutdowncrc 32
Note
You can access Cisco IOS software documentation and hardware installation and maintenance documentation on the World Wide Web at http://www.cisco.com, http://www-china.cisco.com, or http://www-europe.cisco.com.
Saving the Running Configuration Settings to NVRAM
To save the running configuration changes to NVRAM, enter the copy running-config startup-config command at the privileged EXEC mode prompt as follows:
Router# copy running-config startup-configYou can also use the following command to save the running configuration settings:
Router# write memoryEither command saves to NVRAM the configuration settings that you created while in the global configuration mode. If you do not save the running configuration settings to NVRAM, your configuration settings will be lost the next time you reload the system.
Reviewing the Running Configuration Settings
To display the running configuration settings stored in NVRAM, enter the show startup-config command at the privileged EXEC mode prompt on the system console. This command displays output in the form shown in the example that follows below. Depending on the image version of the Cisco IOS software running on your router and the way it is equipped, the results of your show startup-config command might be different.
show startup-config Command
Router# show startup-configUsing 5560 out of 520184 bytes!version 12.0no service padservice timestamps debug uptimeservice timestamps log uptimeno service password-encryption!hostname Router!enable secret 5 $1$/5HX$OOvyhG2JYhNaCbPa45Wmn/enable password wilmaip cef distributed switchip host biff 10.3.3.254!interface Ethernet0ip address 10.3.1.1 255.888.0.0no ip mroute-cache!interface POS1/0ip address 10.1.1.1 255.8.9.0no keepalivecrc 16no cdp enable...interface ATM3/0ip address 10.0.0.15 255.8.8.0 secondaryip address 10.1.1.2 255.8.8.0atm pvc 1 0 64 aal5snapatm pvc 2 0 72 aal5mux ip 155000 155000 1atm pvc 3 1 90 aal5snap 312000 312000 1atm pvc 4 0 108 aal5snapatm pvc 10 0 144 aal5mux ip 155000 155000 1atm pvc 11 1 91 aal5snap 310000 310000 1map-group atm1!no ip classlessip route 10.5.8.254 255.888.255.255 Ethernet0!map-list atm1ip 10.1.1.1 atm-vc 1ip 10.1.1.3 atm-vc 2ip 10.1.1.4 atm-vc 4ip 10.0.0.1 atm-vc 3ip 10.0.0.5 atm-vc 10ip 10.0.0.6 atm-vc 11no logging trap!!line con 0exec-timeout 0 0line aux 0line vty 0 4password bambamlogin!endRouter#Using Flash Memory Cards in the RP
This section describes how to use Flash memory cards in the RP and includes information on the following topics:
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Installing the Flash Memory Card in a RP
If there are dual RPs, the PCMCIA slots in the primary RP are designated slot 0 and slot 1. If there is a second RP, the PCMCIA slots in the second RP are designated sec-slot 0 and sec-slot 1. PCMCIA slot 0 is the bottom slot and slot 1 is the top slot. Both Flash memory card slots on each RP can be used at the same time. The following generic procedure can be used to install a Flash memory card in either slot position.
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Removing the Flash Memory Card from an RP
To remove a Flash memory card, follow these steps:
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The Flash memory card is keyed for proper insertion. The ejector button will not pop out unless the card is inserted correctly. Part of the card remains outside the slot even when the card is properly seated. Do not attempt to force the card deeper into the slot after the ejector button pops out.
Formatting a Flash Memory Card
The Flash memory card that shipped with your router contains the default Cisco IOS software image you need to boot your router.
Warning
If you want to save the data on a Flash memory card, copy the data to a server before you format the card. In some cases, you might need to insert a new Flash memory card and copy images or backup configuration files to the card. Before you can use a new Flash memory card, you must format it. Use only Type I or Type II Flash memory cards.
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To format a new Flash memory card, follow these steps:
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Router# format slot0:All sectors will be erased, proceed? [confirm]Enter volume id (up to 30 characters): MyNewCardFormatting sector nFormat device slot0 completedRouter#The console displays the "Formatting sector n" line in the sample output shown above. When the count reaches 1, the formatting process is complete and the new Flash memory card is ready for use.
For complete command descriptions and configuration information, refer to the Configuration Fundamentals Command Reference and the Configuration Fundamentals Configuration Guide in the Cisco IOS documentation set. For information on obtaining these publications, see the "If You Need More Information" section.
Specify a Boot Image
Use the procedure in this section to identify a sample Cisco IOS software image (new.image in this example) that is to be made bootable from a Flash memory card. The software configuration register must be set to 0x2102 during this procedure to boot the image from a Flash memory card; therefore, the config-register command must be included in the command sequence, as shown in this example:
Router# configure terminalRouter(config)# no boot systemRouter(config)# boot system flash slot0:new.imageRouter(config)# config-register 0x2102Ctrl-ZRouter# copy running-config startup-configRouter# reloadWhen you enter the reload command, the specified file (new.image) on the Flash memory card inserted in PCMCIA slot 0 is used to boot the system.
If one of the following software configuration register settings were specified in the preceding example, the system would behave accordingly:
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Flash Memory Console Commands
To determine whether the present working device you are accessing is the onboard Flash SIMM on the RP or a PCMCIA Flash memory card in a slot on the RP, enter the pwd command at the privileged EXEC mode prompt on the system console as follows:
Router# pwdslot0:Router#In this example, the present working device you are accessing is on a PCMCIA Flash memory card inserted in slot 0 of the RP.
To change from one type of Flash memory device access to another, enter the cd device-name command, where device-name can be slot0:, slot1:, or bootflash:.
Sample uses of the cd command include:
Router# cd slot1:Router# pwdslot1:/Router# cd slot0:Router# pwdslot0:/Router# cd bootflash:Router# pwdbootflash:/Router#To list the directory contents of the Flash memory media in use, enter the dir [device-name] command at the privileged EXEC mode prompt, where device-name can be slot0:, slot1:, or bootflash:.
A sample use of the dir command follows.
Router# dirDirectory of slot0:/1 -rw- 122015 Sep 30 2002 15:03:55 myfile12 -rw- 2054979 Sep 30 2002 15:17:33 gsr-diag-mz.RELEASE283 -rw- 6670560 Sep 30 2002 15:22:49 gsr-p-mz.p74 -rw- 5560 Oct 08 2002 16:54:53 info20578304 bytes total (9661756 bytes free)Router#To delete a file from a Flash memory media, use the cd command to select the Flash memory media and enter the delete filename command at the privileged EXEC mode prompt, where filename is any file within the selected Flash memory media.
An example of deleting the file info from the current Flash memory directory follows:
Router# delete slot0:infoRouter# dirDirectory of slot0:/1 -rw- 122015 Sep 30 2002 15:03:55 myfile12 -rw- 2054979 Sep 30 2002 15:17:33 gsr-diag-mz.RELEASE283 -rw- 6670560 Sep 30 2002 15:22:49 gsr-p-mz.p720578304 bytes total (9661756 bytes free)Router#Files that are deleted from the current Flash memory directory are removed from the directory list, but are not erased; they still occupy space in Flash memory. This feature allows you to recover a deleted file later using the undelete command.
To remove deleted files from a Flash memory directory permanently, but leave undeleted files intact, enter the squeeze device-name command at the privileged EXEC mode prompt on the system console, where device-name can be slot0:, slot1:, or bootflash:. The squeeze command permanently removes deleted files and makes all other undeleted files contiguous, thus conserving storage space.
To prevent loss of data due to sudden power loss, the squeezed data is temporarily saved to another Flash memory area reserved specifically for system use.
An example of the squeeze command follows.
Router# squeeze slot0:All deleted files will be removed, Continue? [confirm]ySqueeze operation may take a while, Continue? [confirm]ySqueeze of slot0 completeRouter#ebESZIn the preceding example command display, the characters in the final line (ebESZ) represent the Flash memory operations performed during the execution of the squeeze command. Table 3-14 describes these indicators.
During the squeeze operation, the system maintains a log identifying which of the squeeze functions has been accomplished, so that the system can return to the proper place and continue the operation in the event of a power failure.
Booting from Flash Memory
To enable booting from Flash memory, set the boot field in the software configuration register (bits 3 through 0) to a value between 2 and 15. These values are used with the boot system flash device:filename configuration command, where device is bootflash:, slot0:, or slot1:, and filename is the name of the file from which you want to boot the system.
To enter global configuration mode while the system is running and specify a Flash filename from which to boot the system, enter the configure terminal command at the privileged EXEC mode prompt on the system console, as follows:
Router# configure terminalEnter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.Router(config)# boot system flash device:filenameTo disable the Break function and enable the boot system flash device:filename command, enter the config-register command at the global configuration mode prompt with the configuration register value, as shown below:
Router(config)# config-reg 0x0102Ctrl-ZRouter#Copying Files
Copy a new Cisco IOS software image to Flash memory when a new image becomes available or when you want to back up the image. This section explains how to copy any type of file to the Flash memory SIMM on the RP or to a PCMCIA Flash memory card inserted in either slot 0 or slot 1.
Caution
To avoid losing valid Cisco IOS images, upgrade your Cisco IOS software images in Flash memory one at a time. Upgrade your PCMCIA-based Flash memory separately from the onboard Flash SIMM (bootflash) on the RP.
To copy a file to Flash memory, enter the following command at the privileged EXEC mode prompt on your system console:
Router# copy tftp:filename [bootflash:|slot0:|slot1:] filenamewhere:
Example of output generated by a copy tftp:filename command:
Router# copy tftp:myfile1 slot0:myfile120575008 bytes available on device slot0, proceed? [confirm]Address or name of remote host [1.1.1.1]?Loading new.image from 1.1.1.1 (via Ethernet0):!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!![OK - 7799951/15599616 bytes]CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCRouter#In this example, the exclamation points (!) appear as the source file is being downloaded to the destination device. The CCCCC characters indicate that a cyclic redundancy check (CRC) is being calculated during the downloading process. The CRC verifies that the file has been correctly downloaded to the Flash memory card inserted in PCMCIA slot 0 or the designated destination device.
Copying a Cisco IOS Software Image
You can copy a Cisco IOS software image into a Flash memory card at any time for later use, but you must first format the Flash memory card that you will use in the copy operation. If you have not already formatted the card, see the "Formatting a Flash Memory Card" section.
To ensure access to the network TFTP server, you must configure one network interface using the setup command facility. For instructions on using this facility, see the "Configuration Changes" section or refer to the Configuration Fundamentals Configuration Guide for the IOS software release running on this router.
To copy a bootable image into the Flash memory card, follow these steps:
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Step 2
Router> enablePassword: <password>Router#Step 3
Router# copy tftp:new.image slot0:new.image20575008 bytes available on device slot0, proceed? [confirm]Address or name of remote host [1.1.1.1]?Loading new.image from 1.1.1.1 (via Ethernet0):!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!![OK - 7799951/15599616 bytes]CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCRouter#In this example, the exclamation points (!) appear as the source file is being downloaded to the destination device. The CCCCC characters indicate that a cyclic redundancy check (CRC) is being calculated during the downloading process. The CRC verifies that the file has been correctly downloaded to the Flash memory card inserted in PCMCIA slot 0 or the designated destination device.
Step 4
Copying Cisco IOS Software Updates
As future releases of Cisco IOS software become available, you will receive these images as a file booted from a network TFTP server, as a file on a floppy disk, or as a file on a Flash memory card.
This section explains how to use a newly released Cisco IOS software image on a Flash memory card in a system that has an older Cisco IOS image residing on a Flash memory card inserted in PCMCIA slot 0 and a default Cisco IOS software boot image stored in the onboard Flash memory SIMM on the RP.
In this procedure, you will copy an updated Cisco IOS software image from a new Flash memory card onto a Flash memory card containing an old Cisco IOS software image. In this example, the following filenames apply:
•
•
•
This procedure assumes that there is sufficient space on the old Flash memory card inserted in slot 0 for both the new Cisco IOS software image and the old image. If there is not enough space for both images on the old Flash memory card, use the delete command to delete files from the old Flash memory card, but do not delete the image.old file. After deleting files, use the squeeze command to remove the deleted files from the old Flash memory card permanently. For information on the squeeze command, see the "Flash Memory Console Commands" section.
If the two files still will not fit on the Flash memory card in slot 0 after you delete files and use the squeeze command, remove this card, place it in an antistatic bag for ESD protection, and store it in a safe place. Insert the Flash memory card containing image.new in slot 0. Proceed to Step 5 in the following procedure and enter the command boot system flash slot0:image.new to designate the file image.new as the new default Cisco IOS software boot image.
To copy a bootable Cisco IOS software image between Flash memory cards, follow these steps:
Step 1
Step 2
Router> enablePassword: <password>Router#Step 3
Step 4
Note
Router# copy slot1:image.new slot0:image.newEntering this command in the following form will achieve the same result:
Router# copy slot1:image.new slot0:Step 5
Router# configure terminalRouter(config)# no boot systemRouter(config)# boot system flash slot0:image.newCtrl-ZRouter# copy running-config startup-configRouter# reloadWhen the system reloads, the file image.new is booted from the Flash memory card in slot 0.
Copying Files Between RP Memory and a Flash Memory Card
If you do not have access to a TFTP server where you can temporarily store a configuration file, you will need to copy a configuration file to a Flash memory card inserted in PCMCIA slot 0 or slot 1. You can then copy the configuration file back to NVRAM at any time. You can copy either your startup configuration file (from NVRAM) or your running configuration file (from DRAM).
Use the following procedures to first copy the configuration file from either NVRAM or DRAM to a Flash memory card, and to then copy the configuration file from a Flash memory card back to NVRAM:
•
•
•
Note
Copying Configuration Files from RP NVRAM to a Flash Memory Card
Use the command copy startup-config [slot0: | slot1:] filename for the copy procedure, where startup-config is the source of the file (NVRAM), [slot0: | slot1:] is one of the Flash memory card slots, and filename is the name of the configuration file to be copied. Note that the environmental variable CONFIG_FILE must point to NVRAM (the system default).
To copy a configuration file named myfile2 from the NVRAM on the RP to a Flash memory card in slot 0, follow these steps:
Step 1
Router# show bootvar...CONFIG_FILE variable =Current CONFIG_FILE variable =...Router#The absence of any notation following the CONFIG_FILE variable statement in this sample display indicates that the environmental variable points to NVRAM (the system default).
Step 2
copy startup-config [slot0: | slot1:]filenamewhere
startup-config
Specifies the source of the file to be copied (NVRAM).
[slot0: | slot1:]filename
Specifies the destination of the file (the Flash memory card slot number) and the name of the new file.
An example of the copy startup-config slot0:filename command follows:
Router# copy startup-config slot0:myfile220575008 bytes available on device slot0, proceed? [confirm]Address or name of remote host [1.1.1.1]?Loading new.image from 1.1.1.1 (via Ethernet0):!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!![OK - 7799951/15599616 bytes]CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCRouter#In this example, the exclamation points (!) appear as the source file is being downloaded to the destination device. The CCCCC characters indicate that a cyclic redundancy check (CRC) is being calculated during the downloading process. The CRC verifies that the file has been correctly downloaded to the Flash memory card inserted in PCMCIA slot 0 or the designated destination device.
You can also copy the running configuration (located in DRAM) to a Flash memory card, as shown in the "Copying a Configuration File from RP DRAM to a Flash Memory Card" section."
Step 3
Router# dir slot0:-#- -length- -----date/time------ name1 5200084 May 10 2002 19:24:12 gsr-p-mz.112-83 1215 May 10 2002 20:30:52 myfile14 6176844 May 10 2002 23:04:10 gsr-p-mz.112-8.15 1186 May 10 2002 16:56:50 myfile29197156 bytes available (11381148 bytes used)Router#
Copying a Configuration File from RP DRAM to a Flash Memory Card
To copy the running configuration file from DRAM to a Flash memory card, follow these steps:
Step 1
copy running-config [slot0:|slot1:]filenamewhere:
An example of the copy running-config slot0:filename command follows:
Router# copy running-config slot0:myfile220575008 bytes available on device slot0, proceed? [confirm]Address or name of remote host [1.1.1.1]?Loading new.image from 1.1.1.1 (via Ethernet0):!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!![OK - 7799951/15599616 bytes]CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCRouter#In this example, the exclamation points (!) appear as the source file is being downloaded to the destination device. The CCCCC characters indicate that a cyclic redundancy check (CRC) is being calculated during the downloading process. The CRC verifies that the file has been correctly downloaded to the Flash memory card inserted in PCMCIA slot 0 or the designated destination device.
Step 2
Router# dir slot0:-#- -length- -----date/time------ name1 5200084 May 10 2002 19:24:12 gsr-p-mz.112-83 1215 May 10 2002 20:30:52 myfile14 6176844 May 10 2002 23:04:10 gsr-p-mz.112-8.15 1186 May 10 2002 16:56:50 myfile29197156 bytes available (11381148 bytes used)Router#
Copying a Configuration File from a Flash Memory Card to RP NVRAM
To copy a configuration file from a Flash memory card in PCMCIA slot 0 or slot 1 to NVRAM, follow these steps:
Step 1
copy [slot0:|slot1:]filename startup-configwhere:
To start the copy operation, enter the following command at the privileged EXEC mode prompt:
Router# copy slot0:myfile startup-config[ok]Router#Step 2
Router# copy startup-config running-configRouter#%SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from memory by consoleRouter#
Locked Blocks in Flash Memory Cards
A locked block in Flash memory cards occurs when power is lost or a Flash memory card is removed from its PCMCIA slot on the RP during a write or erase operation.
When a block of Flash memory is locked, it cannot be written to or erased. Any attempt to do so will consistently fail at the block location. The only way to recover from locked blocks in a Flash memory card is to reformat the Flash memory card using the format command.
Caution
If You Need More Information
If your router is not fully functional, you may need to perform additional configuration tasks. For more detailed information about configuring the router and its interfaces, see the publications listed in the following section.
The Cisco IOS software running your router contains extensive features and functionality. For information on Cisco IOS software and general installation and maintenance information for your router, use the following resources.
Cisco IOS Software Configuration Information and Support
The modular configuration and modular command reference publications in the Cisco IOS software configuration documentation set correspond to the Cisco IOS software release installed on your Cisco hardware. You can also see the Cisco IOS software release notes for the version of Cisco IOS software you are using on your router.
You can access Cisco IOS software documentation and hardware installation and maintenance documentation on the World Wide Web at http://www.cisco.com, http://www-china.cisco.com, or http://www-europe.cisco.com.
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For information on regulatory compliance and safety, refer to Regulatory Compliance and Safety Information for the Cisco 12000 Series Routers, Document Number 78-4347-xx.
For additional line card information, refer to the installation and configuration note that accompanied your line card.
For additional GRP information, refer to the configuration note Gigabit Route Processor (GRP) Installation and Configuration (Document Number 78-4339-xx) that accompanied your GRP.
For additional PRP information, refer to the configuration note Performance Route Processor (PRP) Installation and Configuration (Document Number 78-13302-xx) that accompanied your PRP.
