Cisco IOS IP Routing Protocols Configuration Guide, Release 12.4T - OSPF RFC 3623 Graceful Restart Helper Mode [Cisco IOS Software Releases 12.4 T]

Table Of Contents

OSPF RFC 3623 Graceful Restart Helper Mode

Contents

Prerequisites for OSPF RFC 3623 Graceful Restart Helper Mode

Restrictions for OSPF RFC 3623 Graceful Restart Helper Mode

Information About OSPF RFC 3623 Graceful Restart Helper Mode

Cisco NSF Routing and Forwarding Operation

Cisco Express Forwarding for NSF

OSPF Graceful Restart Helper Mode Functionality per RFC 3623

How to Use OSPF RFC 3623 Graceful Restart Helper Mode to Manage the Graceful Restart Process of a Neighbor Router

Disabling Graceful Restart Helper Mode and Configuring Strict LSA Checking on the Helper Router

Configuration Example for OSPF RFC 3623 Graceful Restart Helper Mode

Disabling Helper Support for IETF NSF: Example

Additional References

Related Documents

Standards

MIBs

RFCs

Technical Assistance

Command Reference

Feature Information for OSPF RFC 3623 Graceful Restart Helper Mode

OSPF RFC 3623 Graceful Restart Helper Mode

First Published: February 27, 2006

Last Updated: February 27, 2006

This document focuses on non-stop forwarding (NSF) helper mode for OSPFv2 in Cisco IOS software, using IETF standardized graceful restart helper mode functionality as described in RFC 3623 OSPF Graceful Restart. Graceful restart helper mode functionality, which is enabled by default, is useful for multiplatform network environments where helper mode routers on some platforms can assist restarting routers on mixed platforms that support OSPF graceful restart mode as well as helper mode.

Finding Support Information for Platforms and Cisco IOS Software Images

Use Cisco Feature Navigator to find information about platform support and Cisco IOS software image support. Access Cisco Feature Navigator at http://www.cisco.com/go/fn. You must have an account on Cisco.com. If you do not have an account or have forgotten your username or password, click Cancel at the login dialog box and follow the instructions that appear.

Contents

•Prerequisites for OSPF RFC 3623 Graceful Restart Helper Mode

•Restrictions for OSPF RFC 3623 Graceful Restart Helper Mode

•Information About OSPF RFC 3623 Graceful Restart Helper Mode

•How to Use OSPF RFC 3623 Graceful Restart Helper Mode to Manage the Graceful Restart Process of a Neighbor Router

•Configuration Example for OSPF RFC 3623 Graceful Restart Helper Mode

•Additional References

•Command Reference

•Glossary, page 12

•Feature Information for OSPF RFC 3623 Graceful Restart Helper Mode

Prerequisites for OSPF RFC 3623 Graceful Restart Helper Mode

•OSPF must be configured on the router.

Restrictions for OSPF RFC 3623 Graceful Restart Helper Mode

•IETF Graceful Restart is not supported over sham-links.

Information About OSPF RFC 3623 Graceful Restart Helper Mode

Before configuring the OSPF RFC 3623 Graceful Restart Helper Mode feature, you should understand the following concepts:

•Cisco NSF Routing and Forwarding Operation

•Cisco Express Forwarding for NSF

•OSPF Graceful Restart Helper Mode Functionality per RFC 3623

Cisco NSF Routing and Forwarding Operation

Prior to RFC 3623 Cisco implemented the Cisco proprietary NSF referred to as Cisco NSF. Users can configure either Cisco or RFC 3623 IETF NSF, depending on which versions are supported by the Cisco IOS software version running on the network. If the software version supports both types of NSF, you need to configure all routers with the same type of NSF.

Cisco NSF is supported by the BGP, EIGRP, OSPF, and IS-IS protocols for routing and by Cisco Express Forwarding (CEF) for forwarding. The BGP, EIGRP, OSPF, and IS-IS routing protocols have been enhanced with NSF capability and awareness, which means that routers that run these protocols can detect a switchover and take the necessary actions to continue forwarding network traffic and to recover route information from the neighbor routers.

In this document, a networking device is said to be NSF-aware if it is running NSF-compatible software. A device is said to be NSF-capable if it has been configured to support NSF; therefore, it would rebuild routing information from NSF-aware or NSF-capable neighbors. The NSF router mode of operation common to the Cisco and IETF NSF implementations is as follows:

•Restarting Mode—Also known as IETF NSF-restarting mode or graceful-restarting mode. In this mode, the OSPF router process is performing non-stop forwarding recovery because of an RP switchover; this may result from an RP crash or a software upgrade on the active RP.

•Helper Mode—Also known as IETF NSF-awareness. In this mode, the neighboring router is restarting, and this router is helping in the non-stop forwarding recovery.

For more information on Cisco NSF see the following information:

http://www.cisco.com/univercd/cc/td/doc/product/software/ios122s/122snwft/release/122s20/

fsnsf20s.htm

For more information on OSPF RFC 3623 Graceful Restart, see the following information:

http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3623.txt

Cisco Express Forwarding for NSF

A key element of NSF is packet forwarding. The OSPF protocol depends on CEF to continue forwarding packets during switchover while the routing protocols rebuild the Routing Information Base (RIB) tables. Once OSPF has converged, CEF updates the Forwarding Information Base (FIB) table and removes stale route entries. CEF then updates the line cards with the new FIB information. CEF maintains the FIB and uses the FIB information that was current at the time of a switchover to continue forwarding packets during the switchover. This feature reduces traffic interruption during the switchover.

During normal NSF operation, CEF on the active RP synchronizes its current FIB and adjacency databases with the FIB and adjacency databases on the standby RP. Upon switchover of the active RP, the standby RP initially has FIB and adjacency databases that are mirror images of those that were current on the active RP. For platforms with intelligent line cards, the line cards maintain the current forwarding information over a switchover; for platforms with forwarding engines, CEF keeps the forwarding engine on the standby RP current with changes that are sent to it by CEF on the active RP. In this way, the line cards or forwarding engines can continue forwarding after a switchover as soon as the interfaces and a data path are available.

As the OSPF routing protocol starts to repopulate the RIB on a prefix-by-prefix basis, the updates in turn cause prefix-by-prefix updates that CEF uses to update the FIB and adjacency databases. Existing and new entries receive the new version number, indicating that they have been refreshed. The forwarding information is updated on the line cards or forwarding engines during convergence. The RP signals when the RIB has converged. The software removes all FIB and adjacency entries that have an epoch older than the current switchover epoch. The FIB now represents the newest routing protocol forwarding information.

The OSPF routing protocol runs on only the active RP, and OSPF receives routing updates from OSPF neighbor routers. The OSPF routing protocol does not run on the standby RP. Following a switchover, OSPF requests that the NSF-aware neighbor devices send state information to help rebuild the routing tables.

Note For NSF operation, OSPF depends on CEF to continue forwarding packets while OSPF rebuilds the routing information.

OSPF Graceful Restart Helper Mode Functionality per RFC 3623

Helper Mode Initiation

When a neighbor router that is on the same network segment as the restarting router receives a grace-LSA from the restarting router, the neighbor enters helper mode as long as the following criteria are met:

•The neighbor must have a full adjacency with the restarting router over the associated network segment.

•There have been no changes to the link-state database since the restarting router began restarting.

•The grace period has not yet expired.

•Local policy allows the neighbor router to act as a helper router.

•The neighbor router must not be in its own graceful restart process.

•Helper mode for this router has not been disabled by the network administrator.

Helper Mode Exit

The helper router stops performing helper mode for its neighbor when one of the following events occur:

•The grace-LSA that was originated by the restarting router is flushed, to signify that the restarting router has exited the graceful restart process successfully.

•The grace period of the grace-LSA expires.

•A change in link-state database contents indicates a network topology change, forcing the termination of the graceful restart process.

For complete information regarding graceful restart functionality refer to RFC 3623:

http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3623/txt

How to Use OSPF RFC 3623 Graceful Restart Helper Mode to Manage the Graceful Restart Process of a Neighbor Router

This section contains the following task:

•Disabling Graceful Restart Helper Mode and Configuring Strict LSA Checking on the Helper Router (optional)

Disabling Graceful Restart Helper Mode and Configuring Strict LSA Checking on the Helper Router

The graceful restart helper mode feature is enabled by default. It is not recommended to disable helper mode because the disabled neighbor will detect the lost adjacency and the graceful restart process will be terminated on the restarting neighbor router.

The strict LSA checking feature allows a helper router to terminate the graceful restart process if it detects a changed LSA that would cause flooding during the graceful restart process. Strict LSA checking is disabled by default. You can enable strict LSA checking on an OSPF helper to have the router terminate graceful restart when there is a change to an LSA that would be flooded to the restarting router. You can configure strict LSA checking on both NSF-aware and NSF-capable routers; however, this feature will become effective only when the router is in helper mode.

Complete the steps in the following task to disable helper mode or enable strict LSA checking on the NSF-aware (helper) router.

SUMMARY STEPS

1. enable

2. configure terminal

3. router ospf process-id [vrf vpn-name]

4. nsf ietf helper disable

5. nsf ietf helper strict-lsa-checking

6. end

7. show ip ospf [process-id]

DETAILED STEPS

Command or Action

Purpose

Step 1

enable
Example:

Router> enable

Enables privileged EXEC mode.

•Enter your password if prompted.

Step 2

configure terminal
Example:

Router# configure terminal

Enters global configuration mode.

Step 3

router ospf process-id [vrf vpn-name]
Example:

Router(config)# router ospf 454

Configures an Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) routing process and enters router configuration mode.

Step 4

nsf ietf helper disable
Example:

Router(config-router)# nsf ietf helper disable

Disables helper mode for IETF NSF.

Step 5

nsf ietf helper strict-lsa-checking
Example:

Router(config-router)# nsf ietf strict-lsa-checking

Enables strict LSA checking on an NSF-aware (helper) router.

Step 6

end
Example:

Router(config-router)# end

Returns to privileged EXEC mode.

Step 7

show ip ospf [process-id]
Example:

Router# show ip ospf 454

Displays general information about OSPF routing processes and whether helper mode or strict LSA checking is enabled for the NSF-aware (helper) router.

Configuration Example for OSPF RFC 3623 Graceful Restart Helper Mode

This section contains the following example:

•Disabling Helper Support for IETF NSF: Example

Disabling Helper Support for IETF NSF: Example

The following configuration example disables helper support for OSPF NSF.
Router(config)# router ospf 200
Router(config-router)# nsf ietf helper disable
Additional References

The following sections provide references related to the OSPF RFC 3623 Graceful Restart Helper Mode feature.

Related Documents

Related Topic

Document Title

OSPF commands

Cisco IOS IP Routing Protocols Command Reference

OSPF configuration

Cisco IOS IP Routing Configuration Guide

Cisco Nonstop Forwarding (NSF) feature in Cisco IOS software.

Cisco Nonstop Forwarding, Cisco IOS Release 12.0(22)S

Standards

Standard

Title

None

—

MIBs

MIB

MIBs Link

None

To locate and download MIBs for selected platforms, Cisco IOS releases, and feature sets, use Cisco MIB Locator found at the following URL:

http://www.cisco.com/go/mibs

RFCs

RFC

Title

RFC 2328

OSPF Version 2

RFC 3623

Graceful OSPF Restart

Technical Assistance

Description

Link

The Cisco Technical Support website contains thousands of pages of searchable technical content, including links to products, technologies, solutions, technical tips, and tools. Registered Cisco.com users can log in from this page to access even more content.

http://www.cisco.com/techsupport

Command Reference

The following commands are introduced or modified in the feature or features documented in this module. For information about these commands, see the Cisco IOS IP Routing Protocols Command Reference at http://www.cisco.com/en/US/docs/ios/iproute/command/reference/irp_book.html. For information about all Cisco IOS commands, go to the Command Lookup Tool at http://tools.cisco.com/Support/CLILookup or to the Cisco IOS Master Commands List.

•nsf cisco helper disable

•nsf ietf helper disable

•nsf ietf helper strict-lsa-checking

•Glossary

Feature Information for OSPF RFC 3623 Graceful Restart Helper Mode

Table 1 lists the release history for this feature.

Not all commands may be available in your Cisco IOS software release. For release information about a specific command, see the command reference documentation.

Cisco IOS software images are specific to a Cisco IOS software release, a feature set, and a platform. Use Cisco Feature Navigator to find information about platform support and Cisco IOS software image support. Access Cisco Feature Navigator at http://www.cisco.com/go/fn. You must have an account on Cisco.com. If you do not have an account or have forgotten your username or password, click Cancel at the login dialog box and follow the instructions that appear.

Note Table 1 lists only the Cisco IOS software release that introduced support for a given feature in a given Cisco IOS software release train. Unless noted otherwise, subsequent releases of that Cisco IOS software release train also support that feature.

Table 1 Feature Information for OSPF RFC 3623 Graceful Restart Helper Mode

Feature Name

Releases

Feature Information

OSPF RFC 3623 Graceful Restart Helper Mode

12.4(6)T

This document focuses on non-stop forwarding (NSF) for OSPFv2 in Cisco IOS software, using IETF standardized graceful restart functionality as described in RFC 3623.

Any Internet Protocol (IP) addresses used in this document are not intended to be actual addresses. Any examples, command display output, and figures included in the document are shown for illustrative purposes only. Any use of actual IP addresses in illustrative content is unintentional and coincidental.

© 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.