Table Of Contents

service slave-log

service tcp-keepalives-in

service tcp-keepalives-out

service tcp-small-servers

service telnet-zero-idle

service timestamps

service udp-small-servers

set (EEM)

set memory debug incremental starting-time

setup

show (Flash file system)

show aliases

show alignment

show archive

show archive config differences

show archive config incremental-diffs

show archive log config

show async bootp

show bootvar

show buffers

show buffers leak

show buffers tune

show buffers usage

show c2600

show c7200

show calendar

show cdp

show cdp entry

show cdp interface

show cdp neighbors

show cdp traffic

show clock

show cls

show cns config connections

show cns config outstanding

show cns config stats

show cns config status

show cns event connections

show cns event gateway

show cns event stats

show cns event status

show cns event subject

show cns image connections

show cns image inventory

show cns image status

show <command> append

show <command> begin

show <command> exclude

show <command> include

show <command> redirect

show <command> section

show <command> tee

service slave-log

To allow slave Versatile Interface Processor (VIP) cards to log important error messages to the console, use the service slave-log command in global configuration mode. To disable slave logging, use the no form of this command.

service slave-log

no service slave-log

Syntax Description

This command has no arguments or keywords.

Defaults

This command is enabled by default.

Command Modes

Global configuration

Command History

Release	Modification
11.1	This command was introduced.

Usage Guidelines

This command allows slave slots to log error messages of level 2 or higher (critical, alerts, and emergencies).

Examples

In the following example, the router is configured to log important messages from the slave cards to the console:

Router(config)# service slave-log 

The following is sample output generated when this command is enabled:

%IPC-5-SLAVELOG: VIP-SLOT2:

 IPC-2-NOMEM: No memory available for IPC system initialization

The first line indicates which slot sent the message. The second line contains the error message.

service tcp-keepalives-in

To generate keepalive packets on idle incoming network connections (initiated by the remote host), use the service tcp-keepalives-in command in global configuration mode. To disable the keepalives, use the no form of this command.

service tcp-keepalives-in

no service tcp-keepalives-in

Syntax Description

This command has no arguments or keywords.

Defaults

Disabled

Command Modes

Global configuration

Command History

Release	Modification
10.0	This command was introduced.

Examples

In the following example, keepalives on incoming TCP connections are generated:

Router(config)# service tcp-keepalives-in 

Related Commands

Command	Description
service tcp-keepalives-out	Generates keepalive packets on idle outgoing network connections (initiated by a user).

service tcp-keepalives-out

To generate keepalive packets on idle outgoing network connections (initiated by a user), use the service tcp-keepalives-out command in global configuration mode. To disable the keepalives, use the no form of this command.

service tcp-keepalives-out

no service tcp-keepalives-out

Syntax Description

This command has no arguments or keywords.

Defaults

Disabled

Command Modes

Global configuration

Command History

Release	Modification
10.0	This command was introduced.

Examples

In the following example, keepalives on outgoing TCP connections are generated:

Router(config)# service tcp-keepalives-out 

Related Commands

Command	Description
service tcp-keepalives-in	Generates keepalive packets on idle incoming network connections (initiated by the remote host).

service tcp-small-servers

To access minor TCP/IP services available from hosts on the network, use the service tcp-small-servers command in global configuration mode. To disable these services, use the no form of the command.

service tcp-small-servers

no service tcp-small-servers

Syntax Description

This command has no arguments or keywords.

Defaults

Disabled

Command Modes

Global configuration

Command History

Release	Modification
11.1	This command was introduced.

Usage Guidelines

By default, the TCP servers for Echo, Discard, Chargen, and Daytime services are disabled.

When the minor TCP/IP servers are disabled, access to the Echo, Discard, Chargen, and Daytime ports cause the Cisco IOS software to send a TCP RESET packet to the sender and discard the original incoming packet.

Examples

The following example enables minor TCP/ IP services available from the network:

Router(config)# service tcp-small-servers 

service telnet-zero-idle

To set the TCP window to zero (0) when the Telnet connection is idle, use the service telnet-zero-idle command in global configuration mode. To disable this service, use the no form of this command.

service telnet-zero-idle

no service telnet-zero-idle

Syntax Description

This command has no arguments or keywords.

Defaults

Disabled

Command Modes

Global configuration

Command History

Release	Modification
10.0	This command was introduced.

Usage Guidelines

Normally, data sent to noncurrent Telnet connections is accepted and discarded. When the service telnet-zero-idle command is enabled, if a session is suspended (that is, some other connection is made active or the EXEC is sitting in command mode), the TCP window is set to zero. This action prevents the remote host from sending any more data until the connection is resumed. Use this command when it is important that all messages sent by the host be seen by the users and the users are likely to use multiple sessions.

Do not use this command if your host will eventually time out and log out a TCP user whose window is zero.

Examples

The following example sets the TCP window to zero when the Telnet connection is idle:

Router(config)# service telnet-zero-idle

Related Commands

Command	Description
resume	Switches to another open Telnet, rlogin, LAT, or PAD session.

service timestamps

To configure the system to time-stamp debugging or system logging messages, use one of the service timestamps commands in global configuration mode. To disable this service, use the no form of this command.

service timestamps [debug | log] [ uptime | datetime [msec] [localtime] [show-timezone] [year] ]

no service timestamps [debug | log]

Syntax Description

debug	Indicates that the timestamp should be applied to debugging messages.
log	Indicates that the timestamp should be applied to system logging messages.
uptime	Time stamp with the time since the system was rebooted. The time stamp format for uptime is HHHH:MM:SS.
datetime	Time stamp with the date and time. The time stamp format for datetime is MMM DD HH:MM:SS.
msec	(Optional) Include milliseconds in the time stamp.
localtime	(Optional) Time stamp relative to the local time zone.
year	Include the year in the datetime format.
show-timezone	(Optional) Include the time zone name in the time stamp.

Defaults

No time-stamping.

If the service timestamps command is specified with no arguments or keywords, the default is service timestamps debug uptime.

The default for the service timestamps type datetime command is to format the time in Coordinated Universal Time (UTC), with no milliseconds and no time zone name.

The no service timestamps command by itself disables time stamps for both debug and log messages.

To set the local timezone, use the clock timezone zone hours-offset command in global configuration mode.

Command Modes

Global configuration

Command History

Release	Modification
10.0	This command was introduced.
12.2(15)T	The year keyword was added.

Usage Guidelines

Time stamps can be added to either debugging or logging messages independently. The uptime form of the command adds time stamps in the format HHHH:MM:SS, indicating the time since the system was rebooted. The datetime form of the command adds time stamps in the format MMM DD HH:MM:SS, indicating the date and time according to the system clock.

The timestamp will be preceeded by an asterisk or period if the time is potentially inaccurate. Table 61 describes the symbols that proceed the timestamp.

Table 61 Timestamping Symbols for syslog Messages

Symbol	Description	Example
(blank)	Time is authoritative: the software clock is in sync or has just been set manually	15:29:03.158 UTC Tue Feb 25 2003:
*	Time is not authoritative: the software clock has not been set, or is not in sync with configured Network Time Protocol (NTP) servers.	*15:29:03.158 UTC Tue Feb 25 2003:
.	Time is authoritative, but the Network Time Protocol (NTP) is not synchronized: the software clock was in sync, but has since lost contact with all configured NTP servers.	.15:29:03.158 UTC Tue Feb 25 2003:

Examples

In the following example, the user enables time stamps on debugging messages, showing the time since reboot:

service timestamps debug uptime

In the following example, the user enables time stamps on logging messages, showing the current time and date relative to the local time zone, with the time zone name included:

Router(config)#

! The following line shows timestamp with uptime.

1w0d: %SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by console

Router(config)# service timestamps log datetime localtime show-timezone 

Router(config)# end

Router#

! The following line shows timestamp with datetime.

.Mar 22 23:13:25 UTC: %SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by console

The following example shows the change from UTC to local time:

Router#

.Mar 22 23:23:10 UTC: %SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by console

Router# config terminal 

Enter configuration commands, one per line.  End with CNTL/Z.

Router(config)# clock timezone PST -8 

Router(config)# end 

Router#

.Mar 22 15:28:02 PST: %SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by console

Related Commands

Command	Description
clock set	Manually sets the system clock.
ntp	Controls access to the system's NTP services.
service sequence-numbers	Stamps system logging messages with a sequence number.

service udp-small-servers

To access minor User Datagram Protocol (UDP) services available from hosts on the network, use the service udp-small-servers command in global configuration mode. To disable these services, use the no form of this command.

service udp-small-servers

no service udp-small-servers

Syntax Description

This command has no arguments or keywords.

Defaults

Disabled

Command Modes

Global configuration

Command History

Release	Modification
11.2	This command was introduced.

Usage Guidelines

By default the UPD servers for Echo, Discard, and Chargen services are disabled.

When the servers are disabled, access to Echo, Discard, and Chargen ports causes the Cisco IOS software to send an "ICMP port unreachable" message to the sender and discard the original incoming packet.

Examples

In the following example, the UDP server (UDP services) is enabled:

Router(config)# service udp-small-servers

set (EEM)

To set the value of a local Embedded Event Manager (EEM) applet variable, use the set command in applet configuration mode. To remove the value of an EEM applet variable, use the no form of this command.

set label _exit_status exit-value

no set label _exit_status exit-value

Syntax Description

label	Unique identifier that can be any string value. Actions are sorted and run in ascending alphanumeric key sequence using the label as the sort key. If the string contains embedded blanks, enclose it in double quotation marks.
_exit_status	Specifies the EEM applet variable name. Currently only the _exit_status variable is supported. •exit-value—Integer value that represents the exit status for the applet. Zero represents an exit status of success, and a nonzero value represents an exit status of failure.

Defaults

No EEM applet variable values are set.

Command Modes

Applet configuration

Command History

Release	Modification
12.3(14)T	This command was introduced.

Usage Guidelines

In EEM applet configuration mode, three types of configuration statements are supported. The event commands are used to specify the event criteria to trigger the applet to run, the action commands are used to specify an action to perform when the EEM applet is triggered, and the set command is used to set the value of an EEM applet variable. Currently only the _exit_status variable is supported for the set command.

Examples

The following example shows how to set the _exit_status variable to represent a success status after an event has occurred three times and an action has been performed.

Router(config)# event manager applet cli-match

Router(config-applet)# event cli pattern {.*interface loopback*} sync yes occurs 3

Router(config-applet)# action 1.0 cli command "no shutdown"

Router(config-applet)# set 1.0 _exit_status 0

Related Commands

Command	Description
event manager applet	Registers an event applet with the Embedded Event Manager and enters applet configuration mode.

set memory debug incremental starting-time

To set the current time as the starting time for incremental analysis, use the set memory debug incremental starting-time command in privileged EXEC mode.

set memory debug incremental starting-time [none]

Syntax Description

none	(Optional) Resets the defined start time for incremental analysis.

Defaults

No default behavior or values.

Command Modes

Privileged EXEC

Command History

Release	Modification
12.3(8)T1	This command was introduced.
12.2(25)S	This command was integrated into Cisco IOS Release 12.2(25)S.

Usage Guidelines

For incremental analysis, a starting point can be defined by using the set memory debug incremental starting-time command. When a starting time is set, only memory allocated after that starting time will be considered for reporting as leaks.

Examples

The following example shows the command used to set the starting time for incremental analysis to the time when the command was issued:

Router# set memory debug incremental starting-time

Related Commands

Command	Description
show memory debug incremental allocation	Displays all memory blocks that were allocated after the issue of the set memory debug incremental starting-time command.
show memory debug incremental leaks	Displays only memory that was leaked after the issue of the set memory debug incremental starting-time command.
show memory debug incremental leaks lowmem	Forces incremental memory leak detection to work in low memory mode. Displays only memory that was leaked after the issue of the set memory debug incremental starting-time command.
show memory debug incremental status	Displays if the starting point of incremental analysis has been defined and the time elapsed since then.
show memory debug leaks	Displays detected memory leaks.

setup

To enter Setup mode, use the setup command in privileged EXEC mode.

setup

Syntax Description

This command has no arguments or keywords.

Command Modes

Privileged EXEC

Command History

Release	Modification
11.1	This command was introduced.

Usage Guidelines

Setup mode gives you the option of configuring your system without using the Cisco IOS Command Line Interface (CLI). For some tasks, you may find it easier to use Setup than to enter Cisco IOS commands individually. For example, you might want to use Setup to add a protocol suite, to make major addressing scheme changes, or to configure a newly installed interface. Although you can use the CLI to make these changes, Setup provides you with a high-level view of the configuration and guides you through the configuration process.

If you are not familiar with Cisco products and the CLI, Setup is a particularly valuable tool because it prompts you for the specific information required to configure your system.

---

Note If you use the Setup mode to modify a configuration because you have added or modified the hardware, be sure to verify the physical connections using the show version EXEC command. Also, verify the logical port assignments using the show running-config EXEC command to ensure that you configure the correct port. Refer to the hardware documentation for your platform for more information on physical and logical port assignments.

---

Before using the Setup mode, you should have the following information so that you can configure the system properly:

•Which interfaces you want to configure

•Which routing protocols you wish to enable

•Whether the router is to perform bridging

•Network addresses for the protocols being configured

•Password strategy for your environment

When you enter the setup EXEC command after first-time startup, an interactive dialog called the System Configuration Dialog appears on the system console screen. The System Configuration Dialog guides you through the configuration process. It prompts you first for global parameters and then for interface parameters. The values shown in brackets next to each prompt reflect either the default settings or the last configured setting.

The prompts and the order in which they appear on the screen vary depending on the platform and the interfaces installed in the device.

You must progress through the System Configuration Dialog until you come to the item that you intend to change. To accept default settings for items that you do not want to change, press the Return or Enter key. The default choice is indicated by square brackets (for example, [yes]) before the prompt colon (:).

To exit Setup mode and return to privileged EXEC mode without making changes and without progressing through the entire System Configuration Dialog, press Ctrl-C.

The facility also provides help text for each prompt. To access help text, press the question mark (?) key at a prompt.

When you complete your changes, the system will automatically display the configuration file that was created during the Setup session. It also asks you if you want to use this configuration. If you answer Yes, the configuration is saved to NVRAM as the startup configuration file. If you answer No, the configuration is not saved and the process begins again. There is no default for this prompt; you must answer either Yes or No.

Examples

The following example displays the setup command facility to configure serial interface 0 and to add ARAP and IP/IPX PPP support on the asynchronous interfaces:

Router# setup

         --- System Configuration Dialog ---

At any point you may enter a question mark '?' for help.

Use ctrl-c to abort configuration dialog at any prompt.

Default settings are in square brackets '[]'.

Continue with configuration dialog? [yes]: 

First, would you like to see the current interface summary? [yes]: 

Interface          IP-Address      OK?  Method    Status                 Protocol

Ethernet0          172.16.72.2     YES  manual    up                     up      

Serial0            unassigned      YES  not set   administratively down  down    

Serial1            172.16.72.2     YES  not set   up                     up    

Configuring global parameters:

  Enter host name [Router]: 

The enable secret is a one-way cryptographic secret used

instead of the enable password when it exists.

  Enter enable secret [<Use current secret>]: 

The enable password is used when there is no enable secret

and when using older software and some boot images.

  Enter enable password [ww]: 

  Enter virtual terminal password [ww]: 

  Configure SNMP Network Management? [yes]: 

    Community string [public]: 

  Configure DECnet? [no]: 

  Configure AppleTalk? [yes]: 

    Multizone networks? [no]: yes

  Configure IPX? [yes]: 

  Configure IP? [yes]: 

    Configure IGRP routing? [yes]: 

      Your IGRP autonomous system number [15]: 

  Configure Async lines? [yes]: 

    Async line speed [9600]: 57600

    Configure for HW flow control? [yes]: 

    Configure for modems? [yes/no]: yes

      Configure for default chat script? [yes]: no

    Configure for Dial-in IP SLIP/PPP access? [no]: yes

      Configure for Dynamic IP addresses? [yes]: no 

      Configure Default IP addresses? [no]: yes

      Configure for TCP Header Compression? [yes]: no

      Configure for routing updates on async links? [no]: 

    Configure for Async IPX? [yes]: 

    Configure for Appletalk Remote Access? [yes]: 

      AppleTalk Network for ARAP clients [1]: 20

      Zone name for ARAP clients [ARA Dialins]: 

Configuring interface parameters:

Configuring interface Ethernet0:

  Is this interface in use? [yes]: 

  Configure IP on this interface? [yes]: 

    IP address for this interface [172.16.72.2]: 

    Number of bits in subnet field [8]: 

    Class B network is 172.16.0.0, 8 subnet bits; mask is /24

  Configure AppleTalk on this interface? [yes]: 

    Extended AppleTalk network? [yes]: 

    AppleTalk starting cable range [1]: 

    AppleTalk ending cable range [1]: 

    AppleTalk zone name [Sales]: 

    AppleTalk additional zone name: 

  Configure IPX on this interface? [yes]: 

    IPX network number [1]: 

Configuring interface Serial0:

  Is this interface in use? [no]: yes

  Configure IP on this interface? [no]: yes

  Configure IP unnumbered on this interface? [no]: yes

    Assign to which interface [Ethernet0]: 

  Configure AppleTalk on this interface? [no]: yes

    Extended AppleTalk network? [yes]: 

    AppleTalk starting cable range [2]: 3

    AppleTalk ending cable range [3]: 3

    AppleTalk zone name [myzone]: ZZ Serial

    AppleTalk additional zone name: 

  Configure IPX on this interface? [no]: yes

    IPX network number [2]: 3

Configuring interface Serial1:

  Is this interface in use? [yes]: 

  Configure IP on this interface? [yes]: 

  Configure IP unnumbered on this interface? [yes]: 

    Assign to which interface [Ethernet0]: 

  Configure AppleTalk on this interface? [yes]: 

    Extended AppleTalk network? [yes]: 

    AppleTalk starting cable range [2]: 

    AppleTalk ending cable range [2]: 

    AppleTalk zone name [ZZ Serial]: 

    AppleTalk additional zone name: 

  Configure IPX on this interface? [yes]: 

    IPX network number [2]: 

Configuring interface Async1: 

    IPX network number [4]: 

    Default client IP address for this interface [none]: 172.16.72.4 

Configuring interface Async2:

    IPX network number [5]: 

    Default client IP address for this interface [172.16.72.5]: 

Configuring interface Async3:

    IPX network number [6]: 

    Default client IP address for this interface [172.16.72.6]: 

Configuring interface Async4:

    IPX network number [7]: 

    Default client IP address for this interface [172.16.72.7]: 

Configuring interface Async5:

    IPX network number [8]: 

    Default client IP address for this interface [172.16.72.8]: 

Configuring interface Async6:

    IPX network number [9]: 

    Default client IP address for this interface [172.16.72.9]: 

Configuring interface Async7:

    IPX network number [A]: 

    Default client IP address for this interface [172.16.72.10]: 

Configuring interface Async8:

    IPX network number [B]: 

    Default client IP address for this interface [172.16.72.11]: 

Configuring interface Async9:

    IPX network number [C]:  

    Default client IP address for this interface [172.16.72.12]:  

Configuring interface Async10:

    IPX network number [D]: 

    Default client IP address for this interface [172.16.72.13]: 

Configuring interface Async11:

    IPX network number [E]: 

    Default client IP address for this interface [172.16.72.14]: 

Configuring interface Async12:

    IPX network number [F]: 

    Default client IP address for this interface [172.16.72.15]: 

Configuring interface Async13:

    IPX network number [10]: 

    Default client IP address for this interface [172.16.72.16]: 

Configuring interface Async14:

    IPX network number [11]: 

    Default client IP address for this interface [172.16.72.17]: 

Configuring interface Async15:

    IPX network number [12]: 

    Default client IP address for this interface [172.16.72.18]: 

Configuring interface Async16: 

    IPX network number [13]: 

    Default client IP address for this interface [172.16.72.19]:  

The following configuration command script was created:

hostname Router

enable secret 5 $1$krIg$emfYm/1OwHVspDuS8Gy0K1

enable password ww

line vty 0 4

password ww

snmp-server community public

!

no decnet routing

appletalk routing

ipx routing

ip routing

!

line 1 16

speed 57600

flowcontrol hardware

modem inout

!

arap network 20 ARA Dialins

line 1 16

arap enable

autoselect

!

! Turn off IPX to prevent network conflicts.

interface Ethernet0

no ipx network

interface Serial0

no ipx network

interface Serial1

no ipx network

!

interface Ethernet0

ip address 172.16.72.2 255.255.255.0

appletalk cable-range 1-1 1.204

appletalk zone Sales

ipx network 1

no mop enabled

!

interface Serial0

no shutdown

no ip address

ip unnumbered Ethernet0

appletalk cable-range 3-3

appletalk zone ZZ Serial

ipx network 3

no mop enabled

!

interface Serial1

no ip address

ip unnumbered Ethernet0

appletalk cable-range 2-2 2.2

appletalk zone ZZ Serial

ipx network 2

no mop enabled

!

Interface Async1

ipx network 4

ip unnumbered Ethernet0

peer default ip address 172.16.72.4

async mode interactive

!

Interface Async2

ipx network 5

ip unnumbered Ethernet0

peer default ip address 172.16.72.5

async mode interactive

!

Interface Async3

ipx network 6

ip unnumbered Ethernet0

peer default ip address 172.16.72.6

async mode interactive

!

Interface Async4

ipx network 7

ip unnumbered Ethernet0

peer default ip address 172.16.72.7

async mode interactive

async dynamic address

!

Interface Async5

ipx network 8

ip unnumbered Ethernet0

peer default ip address 172.16.72.8

async mode interactive

!

Interface Async6

ipx network 9

ip unnumbered Ethernet0

peer default ip address 172.16.72.9

async mode interactive

!

Interface Async7

ipx network A

ip unnumbered Ethernet0

peer default ip address 172.16.72.10

async mode interactive

!

Interface Async8

ipx network B

ip unnumbered Ethernet0

peer default ip address 172.16.72.11

async mode interactive

!

Interface Async9

ipx network C

ip unnumbered Ethernet0

peer default ip address 172.16.72.12

async mode interactive

!

Interface Async10

ipx network D

ip unnumbered Ethernet0

peer default ip address 172.16.72.13

async mode interactive

!

Interface Async11

ipx network E

ip unnumbered Ethernet0

peer default ip address 172.16.72.14

async mode interactive

!

Interface Async12

ipx network F

ip unnumbered Ethernet0

peer default ip address 172.16.72.15

async mode interactive

!

Interface Async13

ipx network 10

ip unnumbered Ethernet0

peer default ip address 172.16.72.16

async mode interactive

!

Interface Async14

ipx network 11

ip unnumbered Ethernet0

peer default ip address 172.16.72.17

async mode interactive

!

Interface Async15

ipx network 12

ip unnumbered Ethernet0

peer default ip address 172.16.72.18

async mode interactive

!

Interface Async16

ipx network 13

ip unnumbered Ethernet0

peer default ip address 172.16.72.19

async mode interactive

!

router igrp 15

network 172.16.0.0

!

end

Use this configuration? [yes/no]: yes

Building configuration...

Use the enabled mode 'configure' command to modify this configuration.      

Router#

Related Commands

Command	Description
erase nvram:	Erases a file system.
show running-config	Displays the running configuration file. Command alias for the more system:running-config command.
show startup-config	Displays the startup configuration file. Command alias for the more system:startup-config command.
show version	Displays the configuration of the system hardware, the software version, the names and sources of configuration files, and the boot images.

show (Flash file system)

To display the layout and contents of a Flash memory file system, use the show flash-filesystem command in EXEC mode.

Class A Flash File Systems

show flash-filesystem: [all | chips | filesys]

Class B Flash File Systems

show flash-filesystem:[partition-number:] [all | chips | detailed | err | summary]

Class C Flash File Systems

show flash-filesystem:

Syntax Description

flash-filesystem:	Flash memory file system, followed by a colon. The availability of Flash file system keywords will vary by platform. Valid flash file system keywords include: •bootflash •flash •slot0 •slot1 •slavebootflash •slaveslot0 •slaveslot1
all	(Optional) On Class B Flash file systems, all keyword displays complete information about Flash memory, including information about the individual ROM devices in Flash memory and the names and sizes of all system image files stored in Flash memory, including those that are invalid. On Class A Flash file systems, the all keyword displays the following information: •The information displayed when no keywords are used. •The information displayed by the filesys keyword. •The information displayed by the chips keyword.
chips	(Optional) Displays information per partition and per chip, including which bank the chip is in, plus its code, size, and name.
filesys	(Optional) Displays the Device Info Block, the Status Info, and the Usage Info.
partition-number	(Optional) Displays output for the specified partition number. If you do not specify a partition in the command, the router displays output for all partitions. You can use this keyword only when Flash memory has multiple partitions.
detailed	(Optional) Displays detailed file directory information per partition, including file length, address, name, Flash memory checksum, computer checksum, bytes used, bytes available, total bytes, and bytes of system Flash memory.
err	(Optional) Displays write or erase failures in the form of number of retries.
summary	(Optional) Displays summary information per partition, including the partition size, bank size, state, and method by which files can be copied into a particular partition. You can use this keyword only when Flash memory has multiple partitions.

Command Modes

EXEC

Command History

Release	Modification
11.3 AA	This command was introduced.
12.3	A timestamp that shows the offset from Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) was added to the show command display.

Usage Guidelines

If Flash memory is partitioned, the command displays the requested output for each partition, unless you use the partition keyword.

The command also specifies the location of the current image.

To display the contents of boot Flash memory on Class A or B file systems, use the show bootflash: command as follows:

Class A Flash file systems

show bootflash: [all | chips | filesys]

Class B Flash file systems

show bootflash:[partition-number] [all | chips | detailed | err]

To display the contents of internal Flash memory on Class A or B file systems, use the show flash: command as follows:

Class A Flash file systems

show flash: [all | chips | filesys]

Class B Flash file systems

show flash:[partition-number][all | chips | detailed | err | summary]

The show (Flash file system) command replaces the show flash devices command.

Examples

The output of the show command depends on the type of Flash file system you select. Types include flash:, bootflash:, slot0:, slot1:, slavebootflash:, slaveslot0:, and slaveslot1:.

Examples of output from the show flash command are provided in the following sections:

•Class A Flash File System

•Class B Flash File Systems

Although the examples use flash: as the Flash file system, you may also use the other Flash file systems listed.

Class A Flash File System

The following three examples show sample output for Class A Flash file systems. Table 62 describes the significant fields shown in the display.

The following is sample output from the show flash: command.

Router# show flash:

-#- ED --type-- --crc--- -seek-- nlen -length- -----date/time------ name

1   .. unknown  317FBA1B  4A0694   24  4720148 Dec 15 2003 17:49:36 -08:00 
hampton/nitro/c7200-j-mz

2   .. unknown  9237F3FF  92C574   11  4767328 Jan 02 2004 18:42:53 -08:00 c7200-js-mz

3   .D unknown  71AB01F1 10C94E0   10  7982828 Jan 02 2004 18:48:14 -08:00 rsp-jsv-mz

4   .D unknown  96DACD45 10C97E0    8      639 Jan 03 2004 12:09:17 -08:00 the_time

5   .. unknown  96DACD45 10C9AE0    3      639 Jan 03 2004 12:09:32 -08:00 the_time

6   .D unknown  96DACD45 10C9DE0    8      639 Jan 03 2004 12:37:01 -08:00 the_time

7   .. unknown  96DACD45 10CA0E0    8      639 Jan 03 2004 12:37:13 -08:00 the_time

3104544 bytes available (17473760 bytes used)

Table 62 show (Class A Flash File System) Field Descriptions 

Field	Description
#	Index number for the file.
ED	Whether the file contains an error (E) or is deleted (D).
type	File type (1 = configuration file, 2 = image file). The software displays these values only when the file type is certain. When the file type is unknown, the system displays "unknown" in this field.
crc	Cyclic redundant check for the file.
seek	Offset into the file system of the next file.
nlen	Name length—Length of the filename.
length	Length of the file itself.
date/time	Date and time the file was created. In the example, -08:00 indicates that the given date and time is 8 hours behind Coordinated Universal Time (UTC).
name	Name of the file.

The following is sample output from the show flash: chips command:

RouterA# show flash: chips

******** Intel Series 2+ Status/Register Dump ********

ATTRIBUTE MEMORY REGISTERS:

  Config Option Reg (4000): 2

  Config Status Reg (4002): 0

  Card Status   Reg (4100): 1

  Write Protect Reg (4104): 4

  Voltage Cntrl Reg (410C): 0

  Rdy/Busy Mode Reg (4140): 2

COMMON MEMORY REGISTERS: Bank 0

  Intelligent ID Code  : 8989A0A0

  Compatible Status Reg: 8080

  Global     Status Reg: B0B0

  Block Status Regs:

    0  :  B0B0  B0B0  B0B0  B0B0  B0B0  B0B0  B0B0  B0B0

    8  :  B0B0  B0B0  B0B0  B0B0  B0B0  B0B0  B0B0  B0B0

    16 :  B0B0  B0B0  B0B0  B0B0  B0B0  B0B0  B0B0  B0B0

    24 :  B0B0  B0B0  B0B0  B0B0  B0B0  B0B0  B0B0  B0B0

COMMON MEMORY REGISTERS: Bank 1

  Intelligent ID Code  : 8989A0A0

  Compatible Status Reg: 8080

  Global     Status Reg: B0B0

  Block Status Regs:

    0  :  B0B0  B0B0  B0B0  B0B0  B0B0  B0B0  B0B0  B0B0

    8  :  B0B0  B0B0  B0B0  B0B0  B0B0  B0B0  B0B0  B0B0

    16 :  B0B0  B0B0  B0B0  B0B0  B0B0  B0B0  B0B0  B0B0

    24 :  B0B0  B0B0  B0B0  B0B0  B0B0  B0B0  B0B0  B0B0

COMMON MEMORY REGISTERS: Bank 2

  Intelligent ID Code  : 8989A0A0

  Compatible Status Reg: 8080

  Global     Status Reg: B0B0

  Block Status Regs:

    0  :  B0B0  B0B0  B0B0  B0B0  B0B0  B0B0  B0B0  B0B0

    8  :  B0B0  B0B0  B0B0  B0B0  B0B0  B0B0  B0B0  B0B0

    16 :  B0B0  B0B0  B0B0  B0B0  B0B0  B0B0  B0B0  B0B0

    24 :  B0B0  B0B0  B0B0  B0B0  B0B0  B0B0  B0B0  B0B0

COMMON MEMORY REGISTERS: Bank 3

  Intelligent ID Code  : 8989A0A0

  Compatible Status Reg: 8080

  Global     Status Reg: B0B0

  Block Status Regs:

    0  :  B0B0  B0B0  B0B0  B0B0  B0B0  B0B0  B0B0  B0B0

    8  :  B0B0  B0B0  B0B0  B0B0  B0B0  B0B0  B0B0  B0B0

    16 :  B0B0  B0B0  B0B0  B0B0  B0B0  B0B0  B0B0  B0B0

    24 :  B0B0  B0B0  B0B0  B0B0  B0B0  B0B0  B0B0  B0B0

COMMON MEMORY REGISTERS: Bank 4

  Intelligent ID Code  : 8989A0A0

  Compatible Status Reg: 8080

  Global     Status Reg: B0B0

  Block Status Regs:

    0  :  B0B0  B0B0  B0B0  B0B0  B0B0  B0B0  B0B0  B0B0

    8  :  B0B0  B0B0  B0B0  B0B0  B0B0  B0B0  B0B0  B0B0

    16 :  B0B0  B0B0  B0B0  B0B0  B0B0  B0B0  B0B0  B0B0

    24 :  B0B0  B0B0  B0B0  B0B0  B0B0  B0B0  B0B0  B0B0

The following is sample output from the show flash: filesys command:

RouterA# show flash: filesys

-------- F I L E   S Y S T E M   S T A T U S --------

  Device Number = 0

DEVICE INFO BLOCK:

  Magic Number          = 6887635   File System Vers = 10000    (1.0)

  Length                = 1400000   Sector Size      = 20000

  Programming Algorithm = 4         Erased State     = FFFFFFFF

  File System Offset    = 20000     Length = 13A0000

  MONLIB Offset         = 100       Length = C730

  Bad Sector Map Offset = 1FFEC     Length = 14

  Squeeze Log Offset    = 13C0000   Length = 20000

  Squeeze Buffer Offset = 13E0000   Length = 20000

  Num Spare Sectors     = 0

    Spares:

STATUS INFO:

  Writable

  NO File Open for Write

  Complete Stats

  No Unrecovered Errors

  No Squeeze in progress

USAGE INFO:

  Bytes Used     = 10AA0E0  Bytes Available = 2F5F20

  Bad Sectors    = 0       Spared Sectors  = 0

  OK Files       = 4       Bytes = 90C974

  Deleted Files  = 3       Bytes = 79D3EC

  Files w/Errors = 0       Bytes = 0

The following is sample output from the show flash: command:

RouterB> show flash:

System flash directory:

File  Length   Name/status

  1   4137888  c3640-c2is-mz.Feb24

[4137952 bytes used, 12639264 available, 16777216 total]

16384K bytes of processor board System flash (Read/Write)\

The following example shows detailed information about the second partition in internal Flash memory:

RouterB# show flash:2 

System flash directory, partition 2:

File  Length   Name/status

  1   1711088  dirt/images/c3600-i-mz 

[1711152 bytes used, 15066064 available, 16777216 total]

16384K bytes of processor board System flash (Read/Write)

Class B Flash File Systems

Table 63 describes the significant fields shown in the displays.

Table 63 show (Class B Flash File System) all Fields 

Field	Description
addr	Address of the file in Flash memory.
available	Total number of bytes available in Flash memory.
Bank	Bank number.
Bank-Size	Size of bank in bytes.
bytes used	Total number of bytes used in Flash memory.
ccksum	Computed checksum.
Chip	Chip number.
Code	Code number.
Copy-Mode	Method by which the partition can be copied to: •RXBOOT-MANUAL indicates a user can copy manually by reloading to the boot ROM image. •RXBOOT-FLH indicates user can copy via Flash load helper. •Direct indicates user can copy directly into Flash memory. •None indicates that it is not possible to copy into that partition.
fcksum	Checksum recorded in Flash memory.
File	Number of the system image file. If no filename is specified in the boot system flash command, the router boots the system image file with the lowest file number.
Free	Number of bytes free in partition.
Length	Size of the system image file (in bytes).
Name	Name of chip manufacturer and chip type.
Name/status	Filename and status of a system image file. The status [invalidated] appears when a file has been rewritten (recopied) into Flash memory. The first (now invalidated) copy of the file is still present within Flash memory, but it is rendered unusable in favor of the newest version. The [invalidated] status can also indicate an incomplete file that results from the user abnormally terminating the copy process, a network timeout, or a Flash memory overflow.
Partition	Partition number in Flash memory.
Size	Size of partition (in bytes) or size of chip.
State	State of the partition. It can be one of the following values: •Read-Only indicates the partition that is being executed from. •Read/Write is a partition that can be copied to.
System flash directory	Flash directory and its contents.
total	Total size of Flash memory (in bytes).
Used	Number of bytes used in partition.

The following is sample output from the show flash: all command:

RouterB> show flash: all

Partition   Size    Used      Free      Bank-Size  State          Copy Mode

  1        16384K   4040K    12343K     4096K      Read/Write     Direct

System flash directory:

File  Length   Name/status

        addr      fcksum  ccksum

  1   4137888  c3640-c2is-mz.Feb24

        0x40      0xED65  0xED65

[4137952 bytes used, 12639264 available, 16777216 total]

16384K bytes of processor board System flash (Read/Write)

   Chip    Bank    Code      Size      Name

    1      1       01D5      1024KB    AMD   29F080

    2      1       01D5      1024KB    AMD   29F080

    3      1       01D5      1024KB    AMD   29F080

    4      1       01D5      1024KB    AMD   29F080

    1      2       01D5      1024KB    AMD   29F080

    2      2       01D5      1024KB    AMD   29F080

    3      2       01D5      1024KB    AMD   29F080

    4      2       01D5      1024KB    AMD   29F080

    1      3       01D5      1024KB    AMD   29F080

    2      3       01D5      1024KB    AMD   29F080

    3      3       01D5      1024KB    AMD   29F080

    4      3       01D5      1024KB    AMD   29F080

    1      4       01D5      1024KB    AMD   29F080

    2      4       01D5      1024KB    AMD   29F080

    3      4       01D5      1024KB    AMD   29F080

    4      4       01D5      1024KB    AMD   29F080

The following is sample output from the show flash: all command on a router with Flash memory partitioned:

Router# show flash: all

System flash partition information:

Partition   Size    Used       Free     Bank-Size     State         Copy-Mode

    1       4096K    3459K     637K     4096K         Read Only     RXBOOT-FLH

    2       4096K    3224K     872K     4096K         Read/Write    Direct

System flash directory, partition 1:

File     Length     Name/status

        addr     fcksum     ccksum

  1     3459720     master/igs-bfpx.100-4.3

        0x40     0x3DE1     0x3DE1

[3459784 bytes used, 734520 available, 4194304 total]

4096K bytes of processor board System flash (Read ONLY)

   Chip    Bank     Code      Size      Name

    1      1        89A2      1024KB    INTEL 28F008SA

    2      1        89A2      1024KB    INTEL 28F008SA

    3      1        89A2      1024KB    INTEL 28F008SA

    4      1        89A2      1024KB    INTEL 28F008SA

Executing current image from System flash [partition 1]

 System flash directory, partition2:

File     Length     Name/status

        addr     fcksum     ccksum

  1     3224008     igs-kf.100

        0x40     0xEE91     0xEE91

[3224072 bytes used, 970232 available, 4194304 total]

4096K bytes of processor board System flash (Read/Write)

   Chip    Bank     Code      Size      Name

    1      2        89A2      1024KB    INTEL 28F008SA

    2      2        89A2      1024KB    INTEL 28F008SA

    3      2        89A2      1024KB    INTEL 28F008SA

    4      2        89A2      1024KB    INTEL 28F008SA

The following is sample output from the show flash: chips command:

RouterB> show flash: chips

16384K bytes of processor board System flash (Read/Write)

   Chip    Bank    Code      Size      Name

    1      1       01D5      1024KB    AMD   29F080

    2      1       01D5      1024KB    AMD   29F080

    3      1       01D5      1024KB    AMD   29F080

    4      1       01D5      1024KB    AMD   29F080

    1      2       01D5      1024KB    AMD   29F080

    2      2       01D5      1024KB    AMD   29F080

    3      2       01D5      1024KB    AMD   29F080

    4      2       01D5      1024KB    AMD   29F080

    1      3       01D5      1024KB    AMD   29F080

    2      3       01D5      1024KB    AMD   29F080

    3      3       01D5      1024KB    AMD   29F080

    4      3       01D5      1024KB    AMD   29F080

    1      4       01D5      1024KB    AMD   29F080

    2      4       01D5      1024KB    AMD   29F080

    3      4       01D5      1024KB    AMD   29F080

    4      4       01D5      1024KB    AMD   29F080

The following is sample output from the show flash: detailed command:

RouterB> show flash: detailed

System flash directory:

File  Length   Name/status

        addr      fcksum  ccksum

  1   4137888  c3640-c2is-mz.Feb24

        0x40      0xED65  0xED65

[4137952 bytes used, 12639264 available, 16777216 total]

16384K bytes of processor board System flash (Read/Write)

The following is sample output from the show flash: err command:

RouterB> show flash: err

System flash directory:

File  Length   Name/status

  1   4137888  c3640-c2is-mz.Feb24

[4137952 bytes used, 12639264 available, 16777216 total]

16384K bytes of processor board System flash (Read/Write)

   Chip    Bank    Code      Size      Name                erase  write

    1      1       01D5      1024KB    AMD   29F080      0      0

    2      1       01D5      1024KB    AMD   29F080      0      0

    3      1       01D5      1024KB    AMD   29F080      0      0

    4      1       01D5      1024KB    AMD   29F080      0      0

    1      2       01D5      1024KB    AMD   29F080      0      0

    2      2       01D5      1024KB    AMD   29F080      0      0

    3      2       01D5      1024KB    AMD   29F080      0      0

    4      2       01D5      1024KB    AMD   29F080      0      0

    1      3       01D5      1024KB    AMD   29F080      0      0

    2      3       01D5      1024KB    AMD   29F080      0      0

    3      3       01D5      1024KB    AMD   29F080      0      0

    4      3       01D5      1024KB    AMD   29F080      0      0

    1      4       01D5      1024KB    AMD   29F080      0      0

    2      4       01D5      1024KB    AMD   29F080      0      0

    3      4       01D5      1024KB    AMD   29F080      0      0

    4      4       01D5      1024KB    AMD   29F080      0      0

See Table 63 for a description of the fields. The show flash: err command also displays two extra fields: erase and write. The erase field indications the number of erase errors. The write field indicates the number of write errors.

The following is sample output from the show flash summary command on a router with Flash memory partitioned. The partition in the Read Only state is the partition from which the Cisco IOS image is being executed.

Router# show flash summary

System flash partition information:

Partition   Size     Used      Free    Bank-Size   State       Copy-Mode

    1       4096K    2048K     2048K   2048K       Read Only   RXBOOT-FLH

    2       4096K    2048K     2048K   2048K       Read/Write  Direct

Related Commands

Command	Description
more	Displays the contents of any file in the Cisco IOS File System.

show aliases

To display all alias commands, or the alias commands in a specified mode, use the show aliases command in EXEC mode.

show aliases [mode]

Syntax Description

mode	(Optional) Name of a specific command or configuration mode. Specifies that only aliases configured for this mode should be displayed.

Command Modes

EXEC

Command History

Release	Modification
10.3	This command was introduced.

Usage Guidelines

When used without the mode argument, this command will display all aliases currently configured on the system. Use the mode argument to display only the aliases configured for the specified command mode.

To display a list of the command mode keywords available for your system, use the show aliases ? command. For a list of command modes, refer to the "Cisco IOS Command Modes" appendix in the Cisco IOS Configuration Fundamentals Configuration Guide.

Examples

The following is sample output from the show aliases exec commands. The aliases configured for commands in EXEC mode are displayed.

Router> show aliases exec

Exec mode aliases:

  h                    help

  lo                   logout

  p                    ping

  r                    resume

  s                    show

  w                    where

Related Commands

Command	Description
alias	Creates a command alias.

show alignment

To display alignment errors and spurious memory access errors, use the show alignment command in privileged EXEC mode.

show alignment

Syntax Description

This command has no arguments or keywords.

Command Modes

Privileged EXEC

Command History

Release	Modification
12.3(7)T	This command was introduced.
12.2(22)S	This command was integrated into Cisco IOS Release 12.2(22)S.
12.2(18)SXE	This command was integrated into Cisco IOS Release 12.2(18)SXE.

Usage Guidelines

Alignment Errors

Alignment errors are caused by misaligned reads and writes. For example, a two-byte read where the memory address is not an even multiple of two bytes is an alignment error. Alignment errors are caused by a software defect.

Alignment errors are reported in the system log and recorded by the router. Output from the show alignment command provides a record of these errors along with potentially useful traceback information. The traceback information for alignment errors can generally be decoded to reveal the function causing the alignment problems.

Spurious Memory Access Errors

Spurious memory access errors occur when a software process attempts to access memory in a restricted location. A read operation to this region of memory is usually caused when a nonexisting value is returned to a function in the software, or in other words, when a null pointer is passed to a function.

Spurious memory access errors are counted and recorded, if possible, by the software. This information is displayed with the show alignment command.

Examples

The following is sample output from the show alignment command when alignment detection is disabled. To enable alignment detection, use the enable command to enter privileged EXEC mode

Router# show alignment

Unaligned handler is disabled

Router#

The following is sample output from the show alignment command when there are no alignment or spurious memory errors:

Router# show alignment

No alignment data has been recorded.

No spurious memory references have been recorded. 

Router#

The following is sample output from the show alignment command when there are only alignment errors. The traceback information is necessary to determine the cause and the fix of the alignment errors.

Router# show alignment

Total Corrections 134, Recorded 1, Reads 134, Writes 0 

Initial 			Initial

Address  Count  Access  Type   Traceback 

1A014C5   134   32bit 	read	 		 0x6012F538 0x601338F8 0x601344D8 0x6022D528 

No spurious memory references have been recorded. 

Router#

Table 64 describes the significant fields shown in the display.

Table 64 show alignment Field Descriptions 

Field	Description
Total Corrections	Total number of alignment corrections made.
Recorded	Number of alignment entries.
Reads	Number of misaligned reads.
Writes	Number of misaligned writes.
Initial Address	Address of where the alignment error occurred.
Count	Number of times the alignment occurred at this address.
Initial Access	Address of where the alignment error occurred.
Type	Type of alignment error: read or write.
Traceback	The traceback address information necessary to determine the cause of the misalignment.

The following is sample output from the show alignment command when there are only spurious memory access errors:

Router# show alignment

No alignment data has been recorded. 

Total Spurious Accesses 50, Recorded 3 

Address  Count  Traceback

E 		 10 	 	0x605351A0 0x603CA084 0x606C4060 0x606D6368  0x60743284 0x60743270 

E  	 	 20 		0x605351A0 0x6036EE7C 0x606C4060 0x606D6368  0x60743284 0x60743270 

E  		 20  		0x605351A0 0x603C998C 0x606D53EC 0x606C4060 0x606D6368 0x60743284 

Router#

Table 65 describes the significant fields shown in the display.

Table 65 show alignment Field Descriptions for Spurious Memory Access Errors 

Field	Description
Total Spurious Accesses	Total number of spurious memory accesses made.
Recorded	Number of recorded spurious memory access entries.
Address	Address at which the spurious memory access error occurred.
Count	Number of times the spurious memory access occurred at each address. The sum equals the Total Spurious Accesses.
Traceback	The traceback address information necessary to determine the cause of the misalignment.

The following is sample output from the show alignment command when there are alignment errors and spurious memory access errors:

Router# show alignment

Total Corrections 134, Recorded 1, Reads 134, Writes 0

Initial 				Initial

Address  Count 	Access  	Type   Traceback

1A014C5   134   32bit    read 	0x6012F538 0x601338F8 0x601344D8 0x6022D528

Total Spurious Accesses 50, Recorded 3

Address  Count  Traceback

E 		 10  		0x605351A0 0x603CA084 0x606C4060 0x606D6368  0x60743284 0x60743270

E 		 20  		0x605351A0 0x6036EE7C 0x606C4060 0x606D6368  0x60743284 0x60743270

E 		 20  		0x605351A0 0x603C998C 0x606D53EC 0x606C4060 0x606D6368 0x60743284 x60743270             

Related Commands

Command	Description
enable	To enter privileged EXEC mode, or any other security level set by a system administrator, use the enable command in user EXEC or privileged EXEC mode.

show archive

To display information about the files saved in the Cisco IOS configuration archive, use the show archive command in privileged EXEC mode.

show archive

Syntax Description

This command has no arguments or keywords.

Command Modes

Privileged EXEC

Command History

Release	Modification
12.3(7)T	This command was introduced.
12.2(25)S	This command was integrated into Cisco IOS Release 12.2(25)S.

Examples

The following is sample output from the show archive command:

Router# show archive

There are currently 1 archive configurations saved.

The next archive file will be named disk0:myconfig-2

 Archive #  Name

   0 

   1       disk0:myconfig-1 <- Most Recent

   2 

   3 

   4 

   5 

   6 

   7 

   8 

   9 

   10 

   11 

   12 

   13 

   14 

The following is sample output from the show archive command after several archive files of the running configuration have been saved. In this example, the maximum number of archive files to be saved is set to three.

Router# show archive

There are currently 3 archive configurations saved.

The next archive file will be named disk0:myconfig-8

 Archive #  Name

   0        

   1       :Deleted

   2       :Deleted

   3       :Deleted

   4       :Deleted

   5       disk0:myconfig-5

   6       disk0:myconfig-6

   7       disk0:myconfig-7 <- Most Recent

   8

   9

   10

   11

   12

   13

   14

Related Commands

Command	Description
archive config	Saves a copy of the current running configuration to the Cisco IOS configuration archive.
configure confirm	Confirms replacement of the current running configuration with a saved Cisco IOS configuration file.
configure replace	Replaces the current running configuration with a saved Cisco IOS configuration file.
maximum	Sets the maximum number of archive files of the running configuration to be saved in the Cisco IOS configuration archive.
path	Specifies the location and filename prefix for the files in the Cisco IOS configuration archive.
time-period	Sets the time increment for automatically saving an archive file of the current running configuration in the Cisco IOS configuration archive.

show archive config differences

To perform a line-by-line comparison of any two configuration files (accessible through the Cisco IOS File System [IFS]) and generate a list of the differences between them, use the show archive config differences command in user EXEC or privileged EXEC mode.

show archive config differences [file1 [file2]]

Syntax Description

file1	(Optional) The filename of the first configuration file.
file2	(Optional) The filename of the second configuration file.

Defaults

If the file1 and file2 arguments are not specified, the first configuration file is assumed to be the running configuration file and the second to be the startup configuration file.

If only the file1 argument is specified, the second configuration file is assumed to be the running configuration file.

Command Modes

User EXEC
Privileged EXEC

Command History

Release	Modification
12.3(4)T	This command was introduced.
12.2(25)S	This command was integrated into Cisco IOS Release 12.2(25)S.

Usage Guidelines

Interpreting the output of the show archive config differences command is dependent on the order in which the two files are configured. Each entry in the generated output list is prefixed with a unique text symbol to indicate the type of difference found. The text symbols and their meanings are as follows:

•A minus symbol (-) indicates that the configuration line exists in file1 but not in file2.

•A plus symbol (+) indicates that the configuration line exists in file2 but not in file1.

•An exclamation point (!) with descriptive comments is used to identify order-sensitive configuration lines whose location is different in file1 than in file2.

Examples

In this example, a diff operation is performed on the running and startup configuration files. Table 66 shows the configuration files used for this example.

Table 66 Configuration Files Used for the Diff Operation Example

Running Configuration File	Startup Configuration File
no ip subnet-zero ip cef interface Ethernet1/0  ip address 7.7.7.7 255.0.0.0  no ip route-cache  no ip mroute-cache  duplex half no ip classless snmp-server community public RO	ip subnet-zero ip cef ip name-server 4.4.4.4 voice dnis-map 1  dnis 111 interface Ethernet1/0  no ip address  no ip route-cache  no ip mroute-cache  shutdown  duplex half ip default-gateway 5.5.5.5 ip classless access-list 110 deny ip any host 1.1.1.1 access-list 110 deny ip any host 1.1.1.2 access-list 110 deny ip any host 1.1.1.3 snmp-server community private RW

The following sample output is from the show archive config differences command. This sample output displays the results of the diff operation performed on the configuration files in Table 66.

Router# show archive config differences running-config startup-config

+ip subnet-zero

+ip name-server 4.4.4.4

+voice dnis-map 1

 +dnis 111

interface Ethernet1/0

 +no ip address

 +shutdown

+ip default-gateway 5.5.5.5

+ip classless

+access-list 110 deny ip any host 1.1.1.1

+access-list 110 deny ip any host 1.1.1.2

+access-list 110 deny ip any host 1.1.1.3

+snmp-server community private RW

-no ip subnet-zero

interface Ethernet1/0

 -ip address 7.7.7.7 255.0.0.0

-no ip classless

-snmp-server community public RO

Related Commands

Command	Description
more nvram:startup-config	Displays the startup configuration file contained in NVRAM or specified by the CONFIG_FILE environment variable.
more system:running-config	Displays the contents of the currently running configuration file.
show archive config incremental-diffs	Performs a line-by-line comparison of a specified configuration file to the running configuration file and generates a list of the configuration lines that do not appear in the running configuration file.

show archive config incremental-diffs

To perform a line-by-line comparison of a specified configuration file to the running configuration file and generate a list of the configuration lines that do not appear in the running configuration file, use the show archive config incremental-diffs command in user EXEC or privileged EXEC mode.

show archive config incremental-diffs file

Syntax Description

file	The filename of the configuration file to be compared to the running configuration file.

Defaults

No default behavior or values.

Command Modes

User EXEC
Privileged EXEC

Command History

Release	Modification
12.3(4)T	This command was introduced.
12.2(25)S	This command was integrated into Cisco IOS Release 12.2(25)S.

Usage Guidelines

When an incremental diff operation is performed, a list of the configuration lines that do not appear in the running configuration file (in other words, configuration lines that only appear in the specified file that is being compared to the running configuration file) is generated as output. An exclamation point (!) with descriptive comments is used to identify order-sensitive configuration lines whose location is different in the specified configuration file than in the running configuration file.

Examples

In this example, an incremental diff operation is performed on the startup and running configuration files. Table 67 shows the configuration files used for this example.

Table 67 Configuration Files Used for the Incremental Diff Operation Example

Startup Configuration File	Running Configuration File
ip subnet-zero ip cef ip name-server 4.4.4.4 voice dnis-map 1  dnis 111 interface Ethernet1/0  no ip address  no ip route-cache  no ip mroute-cache  shutdown  duplex half ip default-gateway 5.5.5.5 ip classless access-list 110 deny ip any host 1.1.1.1 access-list 110 deny ip any host 1.1.1.2 access-list 110 deny ip any host 1.1.1.3 snmp-server community private RW	no ip subnet-zero ip cef interface Ethernet1/0  ip address 7.7.7.7 255.0.0.0  no ip route-cache  no ip mroute-cache  duplex half no ip classless snmp-server community public RO

The following sample output is from the show archive config incremental-diffs command. This sample output displays the results of the incremental diff operation performed on the configuration files in Table 67.

Router# show archive config incremental-diffs nvram:startup-config 

ip subnet-zero

ip name-server 4.4.4.4

voice dnis-map 1

 dnis 111

interface Ethernet1/0

 no ip address

 shutdown

ip default-gateway 5.5.5.5

ip classless

 access-list 110 deny ip any host 1.1.1.1

 access-list 110 deny ip any host 1.1.1.2

 access-list 110 deny ip any host 1.1.1.3

snmp-server community private RW

Related Commands

Command	Description
more nvram:startup-config	Displays the startup configuration file contained in NVRAM or specified by the CONFIG_FILE environment variable.
more system:running-config	Displays the contents of the currently running configuration file.
show archive config differences	Performs a line-by-line comparison of any two configuration files (accessible through the IFS) and generates a list of the differences between them.

show archive log config

To display entries from the configuration log, use the show archive log config command in privileged EXEC mode.

show archive log config {all | number [end-number] | user username [session number] number [end-number] | statistics} [provisioning]

Syntax Description

all	Specifies that all configuration log entries will be displayed.
number [end-number]	Specifies a log entry to be displayed by record number. If you specify a record number for the optional end-number argument, all log entries with record numbers between the values entered for the number and end-number arguments will be displayed. Valid values for the number and end-number argument range from 1 to 2147483647.
user username	Specifies that log entries attributed to a particular user will be displayed.
session number	(Optional) Specifies that log entries attributed to a particular session will be displayed. Valid values for the session-number argument range from 1 to 1000.
statistics	Specifies that memory usage information for the configuration log will be displayed.
provisioning	(Optional) Specifies that the configuration log file information will be displayed as it would appear in a configuration file, rather than in tabular format.

Command Modes

Privileged EXEC

Command History

Release	Modification
12.3(4)T	This command was introduced.
12.2(25)S	This command was integrated into Cisco IOS Release 12.2(25)S.

Usage Guidelines

If you do not specify the all keyword, you must specify a record number with the number argument. You can optionally specify an end record number with the end-number argument to display a range of records. If you specify a record number that does not exist with the end-number argument, all records after the starting record number with a record number lower than that specified with the end-number argument will be displayed.

Specifying the provisioning keyword results in the display appearing as it would in a configuration file, rather than in tabular format. This output includes commands used to change configuration modes and logged configuration commands. This output can be used to provision another router if desired.

Examples

The following is sample output from the show archive log config command, which displays configuration log entry numbers 1 and 2:

Router# show archive log config 1 2

idx   sess   user@line        Logged command

 1     1     user1@console    logging enable

 2     1     user1@console    logging size 200

Table 68 describes the fields shown in the display.

Table 68 show archive log config Field Descriptions 

Field	Description
idx	The record number of the configuration log entry.
sess	The session number associated with the configuration log entry.
user@line	The username of the user who executed the command that generated the configuration log entry.
Logged command	The command that was executed.

The following example results in the display of all configuration log files as they would appear in a configuration file rather than in tabular format. In addition to displaying logged commands, this display includes the commands used to change configuration modes, which are required to correctly apply the logged commands.

Router# show archive log config all provisioning

archive

 log config

  logging enable

  logging size 200

The following example results in the display of memory usage statistics for the configuration log:

Router# show archive log config statistics

Config Log Session Info:

   Number of sessions being tracked: 1

   Memory being held: 3910 bytes

   Total memory allocated for session tracking: 3910 bytes

   Total memory freed from session tracking: 0 bytes

Config Log log-queue Info:

   Number of entries in the log-queue: 3

   Memory being held in the log-queue: 671 bytes

   Total memory allocated for log entries: 671 bytes

   Total memory freed from log entries:: 0 bytes

The output is self-explanatory.

show async bootp

To display the extended BOOTP request parameters that have been configured for asynchronous interfaces, use the show async bootp command in privileged EXEC mode.

show async bootp

Syntax Description

This command has no arguments or keywords.

Command Modes

Privileged EXEC

Command History

Release	Modification
10.0	This command was introduced.

Examples

The following is sample output from the show async bootp command:

Router# show async bootp

The following extended data will be sent in BOOTP responses:

bootfile (for address 192.168.1.1) "pcboot"

bootfile (for address 172.16.1.111) "dirtboot"

subnet-mask 255.255.0.0

time-offset -3600

time-server 192.168.1.1

Table 69 describes the significant fields shown in the display.

Table 69 show async bootp Field Descriptions 

Field	Description
bootfile... "pcboot"	Boot file for address 192.168.1.1 is named pcboot.
subnet-mask 255.255.0.0	Subnet mask.
time-offset -3600	Local time is one hour (3600 seconds) earlier than UTC time.
time-server 192.168.1.1	Address of the time server for the network.

Related Commands

Command	Description
async-bootp	Configures extended BOOTP requests for asynchronous interfaces as defined in RFC 1084.

show bootvar

To display the contents of the BOOT variable, the name of the configuration file pointed to by the CONFIG_FILE variable, the contents of the BOOTLDR variable, and the configuration register setting, use the show bootvar command in privileged EXEC mode.

show bootvar

Syntax Description

This command has no arguments or keywords.

Command Modes

Privileged EXEC

Command History

Release	Modification
11.3 AA	This command was introduced.

Usage Guidelines

The show bootvar command replaces the show boot command.

The show bootvar command allows you to view the current settings for the following variables:

•BOOT

•CONFIG_FILE

•BOOTLDR

The BOOT variable specifies a list of bootable images on various devices. The CONFIG_FILE variable specifies the configuration file used during system initialization. The BOOTLDR variable specifies the Flash device and filename containing the rxboot image that ROM uses for booting. You set these variables with the boot system, boot config, and boot bootldr global configuration commands, respectively.

When you use this command on a device with multiple RSP cards (Dual RSPs), this command also shows you the variable settings for both the master and slave RSP card.

Examples

The following is sample output from the show bootvar command:

Router# show bootvar

BOOT variable =

CONFIG_FILE variable = nvram:

Current CONFIG_FILE variable = slot0:router-config

BOOTLDR variable not exist

Configuration register is 0x0

Router#

In the sample output, the BOOT variable contains a null string. That is, a list of bootable images is not specified.

The CONFIG_FILE variable points to the configuration file in NVRAM as the startup (initialization) configuration. The run-time value for the CONFIG_FILE variable points to the router-config file on the Flash memory card inserted in the first slot of the RSP card. That is, during the run-time configuration, you have modified the CONFIG_FILE variable using the boot config command, but you have not saved the run-time configuration to the startup configuration. To save your run-time configuration to the startup configuration, use the copy system:running-config nvram:startup-config command. If you do not save the run-time configuration to the startup configuration, then the system reverts to the saved CONFIG_FILE variable setting for initialization information upon reload. In this sample, the system reverts to NVRAM for the startup configuration file.

The BOOTLDR variable does not yet exist. That is, you have not created the BOOTLDR variable using the boot bootldr global configuration command.

The following example is output from the show bootvar command for a Cisco 7513 router configured for HSA:

Router# show bootvar

BOOT variable =

CONFIG_FILE variable =

Current CONFIG_FILE variable =

BOOTLDR variable does not exist

Configuration register is 0x0

current slave is in slot 7

BOOT variable =

CONFIG_FILE variable =

BOOTLDR variable does not exist

Configuration register is 0x0

Router#

Related Commands

Command	Description
boot bootstrap	Configures the filename that is used to boot a secondary bootstrap image.
boot config	Specifies the device and filename of the configuration file from which the router configures itself during initialization (startup).
boot system	Specifies the system image that the router loads at startup.
show version	Displays the configuration of the system hardware, the software version, the names and sources of configuration files, and the boot images.

show buffers

To display statistics for the buffer pools on the network server, use the show buffers command in user EXEC or privileged EXEC mode.

show buffers [{address hex-address | failures | pool pool-name | {all | assigned | free | old | input-interface interface-type interface-number} [pool pool-name]} [dump | header | packet]]

Syntax Description

address hex-address	(Optional) Displays buffers at a specified address. Specify address in hexadecimal notation.
failures	(Optional) Displays buffer allocation failures.
pool pool-name	(Optional) Displays buffers in a specified buffer pool.
all	(Optional) Displays all buffers.
assigned	(Optional) Displays the buffers in use.
free	(Optional) Displays the buffers available for use.
old	(Optional) Displays buffers older than one minute.
input-interface interface-type interface-number	(Optional) Displays interface pool information. If an interface type is specified and this interface has its own buffer pool, information for that pool is displayed.
dump	(Optional) Displays the buffer header and all data.
header	(Optional) Displays the buffer header only.
packet	(Optional) Displays the buffer header and packet data.

Command Modes

User EXEC
Privileged EXEC

Command History

Release	Modification
10.0	This command was introduced.
12.3	The option to filter display output based on specific buffer pools was expanded.

Usage Guidelines

The peak field in the output of the show buffers command shows the maximum number of buffers created (highest total) and the time when that peak occurred relative to when you issued the show buffers command. Formats include weeks, days, hours, minutes, and seconds. Not all systems report a peak value, which means this field may not display in output.

Examples

The following is sample output from the show buffers command with no arguments, showing all buffer pool information:

Router> show buffers

Buffer elements:

     398 in free list (500 max allowed)

     1266 hits, 0 misses, 0 created

Public buffer pools:

Small buffers, 104 bytes (total 50, permanent 50):

     50 in free list (20 min, 150 max allowed)

     551 hits, 0 misses, 0 trims, 0 created

Middle buffers, 600 bytes (total 25, permanent 25):

     25 in free list (10 min, 150 max allowed)

     39 hits, 0 misses, 0 trims, 0 created

Big buffers, 1524 bytes (total 50, permanent 50):

     49 in free list (5 min, 150 max allowed)

     27 hits, 0 misses, 0 trims, 0 created

VeryBig buffers, 4520 bytes (total 10, permanent 10):

     10 in free list (0 min, 100 max allowed)

     0 hits, 0 misses, 0 trims, 0 created

Large buffers, 5024 bytes (total 0, permanent 0):

     0 in free list (0 min, 10 max allowed)

     0 hits, 0 misses, 0 trims, 0 created

Huge buffers, 18024 bytes (total 0, permanent 0):

     0 in free list (0 min, 4 max allowed)

     0 hits, 0 misses, 0 trims, 0 created

Interface buffer pools:

Ethernet0 buffers, 1524 bytes (total 64, permanent 64):

     16 in free list (0 min, 64 max allowed)

     48 hits, 0 fallbacks

     16 max cache size, 16 in cache

Ethernet1 buffers, 1524 bytes (total 64, permanent 64):

     16 in free list (0 min, 64 max allowed)

     48 hits, 0 fallbacks

     16 max cache size, 16 in cache

Serial0 buffers, 1524 bytes (total 64, permanent 64):

     16 in free list (0 min, 64 max allowed)

     48 hits, 0 fallbacks

     16 max cache size, 16 in cache

Serial1 buffers, 1524 bytes (total 64, permanent 64):

     16 in free list (0 min, 64 max allowed)

     48 hits, 0 fallbacks

     16 max cache size, 16 in cache

TokenRing0 buffers, 4516 bytes (total 48, permanent 48):

     0 in free list (0 min, 48 max allowed)

     48 hits, 0 fallbacks

     16 max cache size, 16 in cache

TokenRing1 buffers, 4516 bytes (total 32, permanent 32):

     32 in free list (0 min, 48 max allowed)

     16 hits, 0 fallbacks

     0 failures (0 no memory)

The following is sample output from the show buffers command with no arguments, showing onlybuffer pool information for Huge buffers. This output shows a highest total of five Huge buffers created five days and 18 hours before the command was issued.

Router> show buffers

Huge buffers, 18024 bytes (total 5, permanent 0, peak 5 @ 5d18h): 
     4 in free list (3 min, 104 max allowed) 
     0 hits, 1 misses, 101 trims, 106 created 
     0 failures (0 no memory)

The following is sample output from the show buffers command with no arguments, showing only buffer pool information for Huge buffers. This output shows a highest total of 184 Huge buffers created one hour, one minute, and 15 seconds before the command was issued.

Router> show buffers

Huge buffers, 65280 bytes (total 4, permanent 2, peak 184 @ 01:01:15):

     4 in free list (0 min, 4 max allowed)

     32521 hits, 143636 misses, 14668 trims, 14670 created

     143554 failures (0 no memory)

The following is sample output from the show buffers command with an interface type and interface number:

Router> show buffers Ethernet 0

Ethernet0 buffers, 1524 bytes (total 64, permanent 64):

     16 in free list (0 min, 64 max allowed)

     48 hits, 0 fallbacks

     16 max cache size, 16 in cache

Table 70 describes the significant fields shown in the display.

Table 70 show buffers Field Descriptions 

Field	Description
Buffer elements	Small structures used as placeholders for buffers in internal operating system queues. Used when a buffer may need to be on more than one queue.
free list	Total number of the currently unallocated buffer elements.
max allowed	Maximum number of buffers that are available for allocation.
hits	Count of successful attempts to allocate a buffer when needed.
misses	Count of buffer allocation attempts that resulted in growing the buffer pool to allocate a buffer.
created	Count of new buffers created to satisfy buffer allocation attempts when the available buffers in the pool have already been allocated.
Public buffer pools:
Small buffers	Buffers that are 104 bytes long.
Middle buffers	Buffers that are 600 bytes long.
Big buffers	Buffers that are 1524 bytes long.
VeryBig buffers	Buffers that are 4520 bytes long.
Large buffers	Buffers that are 5024 bytes long.
Huge buffers	Buffers that are 18,024 bytes long.
total	Total number of this type of buffer.
permanent	Number of these buffers that are permanent.
peak	Maximum number of buffers created (highest total) and the time when that peak occurred. Formats include weeks, days, hours, minutes, and seconds. Not all systems report a peak value, which means this field may not display in output.
free list	Number of available or unallocated buffers in that pool.
min	Minimum number of free or unallocated buffers in the buffer pool.
max allowed	Maximum number of free or unallocated buffers in the buffer pool.
hits	Count of successful attempts to allocate a buffer when needed.
misses	Count of buffer allocation attempts that resulted in growing the buffer pool in order to allocate a buffer.
trims	Count of buffers released to the system because they were not being used. This field is displayed only for dynamic buffer pools, not interface buffer pools, which are static.
created	Count of new buffers created in response to misses. This field is displayed only for dynamic buffer pools, not interface buffer pools, which are static.
Interface buffer pools:
total	Total number of this type of buffer.
permanent	Number of these buffers that are permanent.
free list	Number of available or unallocated buffers in that pool.
min	Minimum number of free or unallocated buffers in the buffer pool.
max allowed	Maximum number of free or unallocated buffers in the buffer pool.
hits	Count of successful attempts to allocate a buffer when needed.
fallbacks	Count of buffer allocation attempts that resulted in falling back to the public buffer pool that is the smallest pool at least as big as the interface buffer pool.
max cache size	Maximum number of buffers from the pool of that interface that can be in the buffer pool cache of that interface. Each interface buffer pool has its own cache. These are not additional to the permanent buffers; they come from the buffer pools of the interface. Some interfaces place all of their buffers from the interface pool into the cache. In this case, it is normal for the free list to display 0.
failures	Total number of times a buffer creation failed. The failure may have occurred because of a number of different reasons, such as low processor memory, low IOMEM, or no buffers in the pool when called from interrupt context.
no memory	Number of times there has been low memory during buffer creation. Low or no memory during buffer creation may not necessarily mean that buffer creation failed; memory can be obtained from an alternate resource such as a fallback pool.

show buffers leak

To display the details of all the buffers that are older than one minute in the system, use the show buffers leak command in user EXEC or privileged EXEC mode.

show buffers leak [resource user]

Syntax Description

resource user

(Optional) Displays the resource user information to which the leaked buffers belong to.

Command Modes

User EXEC
Privileged EXEC

Command History

Release	Modification
12.3(14)T	This command was introduced.

Examples

The following is sample output from the show buffers leak command:

Router# show buffers leak 

Header   DataArea Pool    Size  Link Enc    Flags      Input     Output   User     

6488F464  E000084 Small    74    0    0       10       None       None EEM ED Sy

6488FB5C  E000304 Small    74    0    0       10       None       None EEM ED Sy

648905D0  E0006C4 Small    61    0    0        0       None       None EEM ED Sy

648913C0  E000BC4 Small    74    0    0       10       None       None EEM ED Sy

6489173C  E000D04 Small    74    0    0       10       None       None EEM ED Sy

648921B0  E0010C4 Small    60    0    0        0       None       None Init     

6489252C  E001204 Small   103    0    0       10       None       None EEM ED Sy

64892C24  E001484 Small    74    0    0       10       None       None EEM ED Sy

64892FA0  E0015C4 Small    74    0    0       10       None       None EEM ED Sy

64893A14  E001984 Small    74    0    0       10       None       None EEM ED Sy

64893D90  E001AC4 Small    61    0    0        0       None       None EEM ED Sy

64894804  E001E84 Small    61    0    0        0       None       None EEM ED Sy

6517CB64  E32F944 Small    74    0    0       10       None       None EEM ED Sy

6517D25C  E176D44 Small    74    0    0       10       None       None EEM ED Sy

6517D5D8  E176E84 Small    74    0    0       10       None       None EEM ED Sy

6517D954  E209A84 Small    74    0    0       10       None       None EEM ED Sy

6517E744  E209D04 Small    61    0    0        0       None       None EEM ED Sy

6517EE3C  E29CBC4 Small    61    0    0        0       None       None EEM ED Sy

65180324  E177844 Small    74    0    0       10       None       None EEM ED Sy

65180D98  E177C04 Small    61    0    0        0       None       None EEM ED Sy

65E1F3A0  E4431A4 Small   102    0    0        0       None       None EEM ED Sy

64895278  E002644 Middl   191    0    0       10       None       None EEM ED Sy

64895CEC  E003004 Middl   173    0    0       10       None       None EEM ED Sy

64896068  E003344 Middl   176    0    0       10       None       None EEM ED Sy

648963E4  E003684 Middl   191    0    0       10       None       None EEM ED Sy

64896E58  E004044 Middl   109    0    0       10       None       None EEM ED Sy

64897C48  E004D44 Middl   194    0    0       10       None       None EEM ED Sy

65181F04  E330844 Middl   173    0    0       10       None       None EEM ED Sy

65183070  E3C3644 Middl   105    0    0       10       None       None EEM ED Sy

65DF9558  E4746E4 Middl   107    0    0        0       None       None EEM ED Sy

65DFA6C4  E475724 Middl   116    0    0        0       None       None EEM ED Sy

65DFADBC  E475DA4 Middl   115    0    0        0       None       None EEM ED Sy

65DFC620  E477464 Middl   110    0    0        0       None       None EEM ED Sy

64C64AE0        0 FS He     0    0    3        0       None       None Init     

64C64E5C        0 FS He     0    0    3        0       None       None Init     

64C651D8        0 FS He     0    0    3        0       None       None Init     

64C65554        0 FS He     0    0    0        0       None       None Init     

64C658D0        0 FS He     0    0    0        0       None       None Init     

64C65C4C        0 FS He     0    0    0        0       None       None Init     

64C65FC8        0 FS He     0    0    0        0       None       None Init     

64C66344        0 FS He     0    0    0        0       None       None Init     

64D6164C        0 FS He     0    0    0        0       None       None Init     

64EB9D10        0 FS He     0    0    0        0       None       None Init     

6523EE14        0 FS He     0    0    0        0       None       None Init     

65413648        0 FS He     0    0    0        0       None       None Init 

The following is sample output from the show buffers leak resource user command:

Router# show buffers leak resource user

Resource User:  EEM ED Syslog count:       32

Resource User:           Init count:        2

Resource User:         *Dead* count:        2

Resource User: IPC Seat Manag count:       11

Resource User:      XDR mcast count:        2

Table 71 describes the significant fields shown in the display.

Table 71 show buffers leak Field Descriptions 

Field	Description
Header	Buffer header.
DataArea	The area where the data is available.
Pool	The different buffer pools. It can be: small, middle, big, very big, large, or huge buffers.
Size	Size of the buffer pool. For example, small buffers are less than or equal to 104 bytes long. Middle buffers are in the range of 105 to 600 bytes long.
Flags	Flags of a packet. The flag indicates whether a particular packet is an incoming packet or is generated by the router.
User	RU name.

Related Commands

Command	Description
buffer public	Enters the buffer owner configuration mode and sets thresholds for buffer usage.
buffer tune automatic	Enables automatic buffer tuning.

show buffers tune

To display the details of automatic tuning of buffers, use the show buffers tune command in user EXEC or privileged EXEC mode.

show buffers tune

Syntax Description

This command has no arguments or keywords.

Command Modes

User EXEC
Privileged EXEC

Command History

Release	Modification
12.3(14)T	This command was introduced.

Examples

The following is sample output from the show buffers tune command:

Router# show buffers tune 

Tuning happened for the pool Small

Tuning happened at 20:47:25

Oldvalues

permanent:50  minfree:20  maxfree:150

Newvalues

permanet:61  minfree:15  maxfree:76

Tuning happened for the pool Middle

Tuning happened at 20:47:25

Oldvalues

permanent:25  minfree:10  maxfree:150

Newvalues

permanet:36  minfree:9  maxfree:45

Table 72 describes the significant fields shown in the display.

Table 72 show buffers tune Field Descriptions 

Field	Description
Oldvalues	The minimum and maximum free buffers before automatic tuning was enabled.
Newvalues	The minimum and maximum free buffers after automatic tuning was enabled.

Related Commands

Command	Description
buffer tune automatic	Enables automatic tuning of buffers.

show buffers usage

To display the details of the buffer usage pattern in a specified buffer pool, use the show buffers usage command in user EXEC or privileged EXEC mode.

show buffers usage [pool pool-name]

Syntax Description

pool pool-name

(Optional) Displays the details of the specified pool. If not specified, displays the details of all the pools.

Command Modes

User EXEC
Privileged EXEC

Command History

Release	Modification
12.3(14)T	This command was introduced.

Examples

The following is sample output from the show buffers usage command:

Router# show buffers usage 

Statistics for the Small pool

Caller pc    : 0x626BA9E0 count:       20

Resource User: EEM ED Sys count:       20

Caller pc    : 0x60C71F8C count:        1

Resource User:       Init count:        1

Number of Buffers used by packets generated by system:   62

Number of Buffers used by incoming packets:               0

Statistics for the Middle pool

Caller pc    : 0x626BA9E0 count:       12

Resource User: EEM ED Sys count:       12

Number of Buffers used by packets generated by system:   41

Number of Buffers used by incoming packets:               0

Statistics for the Big pool

Number of Buffers used by packets generated by system:   50

Number of Buffers used by incoming packets:               0

Statistics for the VeryBig pool

Number of Buffers used by packets generated by system:   10

Number of Buffers used by incoming packets:               0

Statistics for the Large pool

Number of Buffers used by packets generated by system:    0

Number of Buffers used by incoming packets:               0

Statistics for the Huge pool

Number of Buffers used by packets generated by system:    0

Number of Buffers used by incoming packets:               0

Statistics for the IPC pool

Number of Buffers used by packets generated by system:    2

Number of Buffers used by incoming packets:               0

Statistics for the Header pool

Number of Buffers used by packets generated by system:  511

Number of Buffers used by incoming packets:               0

Statistics for the FS Header pool

Caller pc    : 0x608F68FC count:        9

Resource User:       Init count:       12

Caller pc    : 0x61A21D3C count:        1

Caller pc    : 0x60643FF8 count:        1

Caller pc    : 0x61C526C4 count:        1

Number of Buffers used by packets generated by system:   28

Number of Buffers used by incoming packets:               0

The following is sample output from the show buffers usage pool small command:

Router# show buffers usage pool small

Statistics for the Small pool

Caller pc    : 0x626BA9E0 count:       20

Resource User: EEM ED Sys count:       20

Caller pc    : 0x60C71F8C count:        1

Resource User:       Init count:        1

Number of Buffers used by packets generated by system:   62

Number of Buffers used by incoming packets:               0

Related Commands

Command	Description
buffer public	Enters the buffer owner configuration mode and sets thresholds for buffer usage.
show buffers leak	Displays details of the buffers that leaked.

show c2600

To display information for troubleshooting the Cisco 2600 series router, use the show c2600 command in EXEC mode.

show c2600

Syntax Description

This command has no arguments or keywords.

Command Modes

EXEC

Command History

Release	Modification
11.3 XA	This command was introduced.

Usage Guidelines

The show c2600 command provides complex troubleshooting information that pertains to the platform's shared references rather than to a specific interface.

Examples

The following is sample output from the show c2600 command:

Router# show c2600

C2600 Platform Information:

Interrupts:

 Assigned Handlers...

  Vect  Handler   # of Ints   Name

    00  801F224C   00000000   Xilinx bridge error interrupt

    01  801DE768   0D3EE155   MPC860 TIMER INTERRUPT

    02  801E94E0   0000119E   16552 Con/Aux Interrupt

    04  801F0D94   00000000   PA Network Management Int Handler

    05  801E6C34   00000000   Timebase Reference Interrupt

    06  801F0DE4   00002C1A   PA Network IO Int Handler

    07  801F0EA0   0000015D   MPC860 CPM INTERRUPT

    14  801F224C   00000000   Xilinx bridge error interrupt

 IOS Priority Masks...

  Level 00 = [ EF020000 ]

  Level 01 = [ EC020000 ]

  Level 02 = [ E8020000 ]

  Level 03 = [ E0020000 ]

  Level 04 = [ E0020000 ]

  Level 05 = [ E0020000 ]

  Level 06 = [ C0020000 ]

  Level 07 = [ 00000000 ]

 SIU_IRQ_MASK  = FFFFFFFF  SIEN   = EF02xxxx   Current Level = 00

 Spurious IRQs = 00000000  SIPEND = 0000xxxx

 Interrupt Throttling:

  Throttle Count = 00000000   Timer Count      = 00000000

  Netint usec    = 00000000   Netint Mask usec = 000003E8

  Active         =        0   Configured       =        0

  Longest IRQ    = 00000000

IDMA Status:

 Requests = 00000349      Drops                = 00000000

 Complete = 00000349      Post Coalesce Frames = 00000349

 Giant    = 00000000

 Available Blocks = 256/256

ISP Status:

 Version string burned in chip: "A986122997"

 New version after next program operation: "B018020998"

 ISP family type: "2096"

 ISP chip ID: 0x0013

 Device is  programmable

Table 73 describes the significant fields shown in the display.

Table 73 show c2600 Field Descriptions 

Field	Description
Interrupts	Denotes that the next section describes the status of the interrupt services.
Assigned Handlers	Denotes a subsection of the Interrupt section that displays data about the interrupt handlers.
Vect	The processor vector number.
Handler	The execution address of the handler assigned to this vector.
# of Ints	The number of times this handler has been called.
Name	The name of the handler assigned to this vector.
IOS Priority Masks	Denotes the subsection of the Interrupt section that displays internal Cisco IOS priorities. Each item in this subsection indicates a Cisco IOS interrupt level and the bit mask used to mask out interrupt sources when that Cisco IOS level is being processed. Used exclusively for debugging.
SIU_IRQ_MASK	For engineering level debug only.
Spurious IRQs	For engineering level debug only.
Interrupt Throttling:	This subsection describes the behavior of the Interrupt Throttling mechanism on the platform.
Throttle Count	Number of times throttle has become active.
Timer Count	Number of times throttle has deactivated because the maximum masked out time for network interrupt level has been reached.
Netint usec	Maximum time network level is allowed to run (in microseconds).
Netint Mask usec	Maximum time network level interrupt is masked out to allow process level code to run (in microseconds).
Active	Indicates that the network level interrupt is masked or that the router is in interrupt throttle state.
Configured	Indicates that throttling is enabled or configured when set to 1.
Longest IRQ	Duration of longest network level interrupt (in microseconds).
IDMA Status	Monitors the activity of the Internal Direct Memory Access (IDMA) hardware and software. Used to coalesce packets (turn particularized packets into non particularized packets) for transfer to the process level switching mechanism.
Requests	Number of times the IDMA engine is asked to coalesce a packet.
Drops	Number of times the coalescing operation was aborted.
Complete	Number of times the operation was successful.
Post Coalesce Frames	Number of Frames completed post coalesce processing.
Giant	Number of packets too large to coalesce.
Available Blocks	Indicates the status of the request queue, in the format N/M where N is the number of empty slots in queue and M is the total number of slots; for example, 2/256 indicates that the queue has 256 entries and can accept two more requests before it is full.
ISP Status	Provides status of In-System-Programmable (ISP) hardware.
Version string burned in chip	Current version of ISP hardware.
New version after next program operation	Version of ISP hardware after next ISP programming operation.
ISP family type	Device family number of ISP hardware.
ISP chip ID	Internal ID of ISP hardware as designated by the chip manufacturer.
Device is programmable	"Yes" or "No." Indicates if an ISP operation is possible on this board.

Related Commands

Command	Description
show context	Displays information stored in NVRAM when the router crashes.

show c7200

To display information about the CPU and midplane for Cisco 7200 series routers, use the show c7200 command in EXEC mode.

show c7200

Syntax Description

This command has no arguments or keywords.

Command Modes

EXEC

Command History

Release	Modification
11.2	This command was introduced.

Usage Guidelines

You can use the output of this command to determine whether the hardware version level and upgrade is current. The information is generally useful for diagnostic tasks performed by technical support only.

Examples

The following is sample output from the show c7200 command:

Router# show c7200

C7200 Network IO Interrupt Throttling:

 throttle count=0, timer count=0

 active=0, configured=0

 netint usec=3999, netint mask usec=200

C7200 Midplane EEPROM:

        Hardware revision 1.2           Board revision A0

        Serial number     2863311530    Part number    170-43690-170

        Test history      0xAA          RMA number     170-170-170

        MAC=0060.3e28.ee00, MAC Size=1024

        EEPROM format version 1, Model=0x6

        EEPROM contents (hex):

          0x20: 01 06 01 02 AA AA AA AA AA AA AA AA 00 60 3E 28

          0x30: EE 00 04 00 AA AA AA AA AA AA AA 50 AA AA AA AA

C7200 CPU EEPROM:

        Hardware revision 2.0           Board revision A0

        Serial number     3509953       Part number     73-1536-02

        Test history      0x0           RMA number      00-00-00

        EEPROM format version 1

        EEPROM contents (hex):

          0x20: 01 15 02 00 00 35 8E C1 49 06 00 02 00 00 00 00

          0x30: 50 00 00 00 FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF

show calendar

To display the current time and date setting for the hardware clock, use the show calendar command in EXEC mode:

show calendar

Syntax Description

This command has no arguments or keywords.

Command Modes

EXEC

Command History

Release	Modification
10.0	This command was introduced.

Usage Guidelines

Some platforms have a hardware clock (calendar) which is separate from the software clock. The hardware clock is battery operated, and runs continuously, even if the router is powered off or rebooted.

You can compare the time and date shown with this command with the time and date listed via the show clock EXEC command to verify that the hardware clock and software clock are synchronized with each other. The time displayed is relative to the configured time zone.

Examples

In the following sample display, the hardware clock indicates the time stamp of 12:13:44 p.m. on Friday, July 19, 1996:

Router> show calendar

12:13:44 PST Fri Jul 19 1996

Related Commands

Command	Description
show clock	Displays the time and date from the system software clock.

show cdp

To display global Cisco Discovery Protocol (CDP) information, including timer and hold-time information, use the show cdp command in privileged EXEC mode.

show cdp

Syntax Description

This command has no arguments or keywords.

Command Modes

Privileged EXEC

Command History

Release	Modification
10.3	This command was introduced.
12.0(3)T	The output of this command was modified to include CDP Version 2 information.

Examples

The following example shows that the current router is sending CDP advertisements every 1 minute (the default setting for the cdp timer global configuration command). Also shown is that the current router directs its neighbors to hold its CDP advertisements for 3 minutes (the default for the cdp holdtime global configuration command), and that the router is enabled to send CDP Version 2 advertisements:

router# show cdp

Global CDP information:

Sending CDP packets every 60 seconds

Sending a holdtime value of 180 seconds

Sending CDPv2 advertisements is enabled

Table 74 describes the significant fields shown in the display.

Table 74 show cdp Field Descriptions

Field	Definition
Sending CDP packets every XX seconds	The interval (in seconds) between transmissions of CDP advertisements. This field is controlled by the cdp timer command.
Sending a holdtime value of XX seconds	The amount of time (in seconds) the device directs the neighbor to hold a CDP advertisement before discarding it. This field is controlled by the cdp holdtime command.
Sending CDPv2 advertisements is XX	The state of whether CDP Version-2 type advertisements are enabled to be sent. Possible states are enabled or disabled. This field is controlled by the cdp advertise v2 global configuration command.

Related Commands

Command	Description
cdp advertise-v2	Enables CDP Version 2 advertising functionality on a device.
cdp holdtime	Specifies the amount of time the receiving device should hold a CDP packet from your router before discarding it.
cdp timer	Specifies how often the Cisco IOS software sends CDP updates.
show cdp entry	Displays information about a specific neighbor device listed in the CDP table.
show cdp interface	Displays information about the interfaces on which CDP is enabled.
show cdp neighbors	Displays detailed information about neighboring devices discovered using CDP.
show cdp traffic	Displays information about traffic between devices gathered using CDP.

show cdp entry

To display information about a specific neighboring device discovered using Cisco Discovery Protocol (CDP), use the show cdp entry command in privileged EXEC mode.

show cdp entry {* | device-name[*]} [version] [protocol]

Syntax Description

*	Displays all of the CDP neighbors.
device-name[*]	Name of the neighbor about which you want information. You can enter an optional asterisk (*) at the end of an entry-name as a wildcard. For example, entering show cdp entry dev* will match all entries which begin with dev.
version	(Optional) Limits the display to information about the version of software running on the router.
protocol	(Optional) Limits the display to information about the protocols enabled on a router.

Command Modes

Privileged EXEC

Command History

Release	Modification
10.3	This command was introduced.
12.2(8)T	Support for IPv6 address and address type information was added.
12.2(14)S	This command was integrated into Cisco IOS Release 12.2(14)S.

Examples

The following is sample output from the show cdp entry command. Information about the neighbor device.cisco.com is displayed, including device ID, protocols and addresses, platform, interface, hold time, and version.

Router# show cdp entry device.cisco.com

-------------------------

Device ID: device.cisco.com

Entry address(es): 

  IP address: 10.1.17.24

  IPv6 address: FE80::203:E3FF:FE6A:BF81  (link-local)

  IPv6 address: 4000::BC:0:0:C0A8:BC06  (global unicast)

  CLNS address: 490001.1111.1111.1111.00

Platform: cisco 3640,  Capabilities: Router 

Interface: Ethernet0/1,  Port ID (outgoing port): Ethernet0/1

Holdtime : 160 sec

Version :

Cisco Internetwork Operating System Software 

IOS (tm) 3600 Software (C3640-A2IS-M), Experimental Version 12.2

Copyright (c) 1986-2001 by cisco Systems, Inc.

Compiled Wed 08-Aug-01 12:39 by joeuser

The following is sample output from the show cdp entry version command. Only information about the version of software running on device.cisco.com is displayed.

Router# show cdp entry device.cisco.com version 

Version information for device.cisco.com:

 Cisco Internetwork Operating System Software 

IOS (tm) 3600 Software (C3640-A2IS-M), Experimental Version 12.2

Copyright (c) 1986-2001 by cisco Systems, Inc.

Compiled Wed 08-Aug-01 12:39 by joeuser

The following is sample output from the show cdp entry protocol command. Only information about the protocols enabled on device.cisco.com is displayed.

Router# show cdp entry device.cisco.com protocol

Protocol information for device.cisco.com:

  IP address: 10.1.17.24

  IPv6 address: FE80::203:E3FF:FE6A:BF81  (link-local)

  IPv6 address: 4000::BC:0:0:C0A8:BC06  (global unicast)

  CLNS address: 490001.1111.1111.1111.00

Related Commands

Command	Description
show cdp	Displays global CDP information, including timer and hold-time information.
show cdp interface	Displays information about the interfaces on which CDP is enabled.
show cdp neighbors	Displays detailed information about neighboring devices discovered using CDP.
show cdp traffic	Displays traffic information from the CDP table.

show cdp interface

To display information about the interfaces on which Cisco Discovery Protocol (CDP) is enabled, use the show cdp interface command in privileged EXEC mode.

show cdp interface [type number]

Syntax Description

type	(Optional) Type of interface about which you want information.
number	(Optional) Number of the interface about which you want information.

Command Modes

Privileged EXEC

Command History

Release	Modification
10.3	This command was introduced.

Examples

The following is sample output from the show cdp interface command. Status information and information about CDP timer and hold-time settings is displayed for all interfaces on which CDP is enabled.

Router# show cdp interface

Serial0 is up, line protocol is up, encapsulation is SMDS

  Sending CDP packets every 60 seconds

  Holdtime is 180 seconds

Ethernet0 is up, line protocol is up, encapsulation is ARPA

  Sending CDP packets every 60 seconds

  Holdtime is 180 seconds

The following is sample output from the show cdp interface command with an interface specified. Status information and information about CDP timer and hold-time settings is displayed for Ethernet interface 0 only.

Router# show cdp interface ethernet 0

Ethernet0 is up, line protocol is up, encapsulation is ARPA

  Sending CDP packets every 60 seconds

  Holdtime is 180 seconds

Related Commands

Command	Description
show cdp	Displays global CDP information, including timer and hold-time information.
show cdp entry	Displays information about a specific neighbor device or all neighboring devices discovered using CDP.
show cdp neighbors	Displays detailed information about neighboring devices discovered using CDP.
show cdp traffic	Displays traffic information from the CDP table.

show cdp neighbors

To display detailed information about neighboring devices discovered using Cisco Discovery Protocol (CDP), use the show cdp neighbors command in privileged EXEC mode.

show cdp neighbors [type number] [detail]

Syntax Description

type	(Optional) Type of the interface connected to the neighbors about which you want information.
number	(Optional) Number of the interface connected to the neighbors about which you want information.
detail	(Optional) Displays detailed information about a neighbor (or neighbors) including network address, enabled protocols, hold time, and software version.

Command Modes

Privileged EXEC

Command History

Release	Modification
10.3	This command was introduced.
12.0(3)T	The output for the detail form of this command was expanded to include CDP Version 2 information.
12.2(8)T, 12.2(14)S	Support for IPv6 address and address type information was added.

Examples

The following example specifies information related to the show cdp neighbors command:

Router# show cdp neighbors

Capability Codes:R - Router, T - Trans Bridge, B - Source Route Bridge S - Switch, 

H - Host, I - IGMP, r - Repeater

Device ID  Local Intrfce  Holdtme  Capability  Platform  Port ID

joe        Eth 0          133      R           4500      Eth 0

sam        Eth 0          152      R           AS5200    Eth 0

terri      Eth 0          144      R           3640      Eth0/0

maine      Eth 0          141                  RP1       Eth 0/0

sancho     Eth 0          164                  7206      Eth 1/0

Table 75 describes the significant fields shown in the example.

Table 75 show cdp neighbors Field Descriptions

Field	Definition
Capability Codes	The type of device that can be discovered.
Device ID	The name of the neighbor device and either the MAC address or the serial number of this device.
Local Intrfce	The local interface through which this neighbor is connected.
Holdtme	The remaining amount of time (in seconds) the current device will hold the CDP advertisement from a sending router before discarding it.
Capability	The type of the device listed in the CDP Neighbors table. Possible values are as follows: R—Router T—Transparent bridge B—Source-routing bridge S—Switch H—Host I—IGMP device r—Repeater
Platform	The product number of the device.
Port ID	The interface and port number of the neighboring device.

The following is sample output for one neighbor from the show cdp neighbors detail command. Additional detail is shown about neighbors, including network addresses, enabled protocols, and software version.

router# show cdp neighbors detail

Device ID: device.cisco.com

Entry address(es):

  IPv6 address: FE80::203:E3FF:FE6A:BF81  (link-local)

  IPv6 address: 4000::BC:0:0:C0A8:BC06  (global unicast)

Platform: cisco 3640,  Capabilities: Router

Interface: Ethernet0/1,  Port ID (outgoing port): Ethernet0/1

Holdtime : 160 sec

Version :

Cisco Internetwork Operating System Software 

IOS (tm) 3600 Software (C3640-A2IS-M), Experimental Version 12.2

Duplex Mode: half

Native VLAN: 42

VTP Management Domain: `Accounting Group'

Table 76 describes the significant fields shown in the display.

Table 76 show cdp neighbors detail Field Descriptions 

Field	Definition
Device ID	The name of the neighbor device and either the MAC address or the serial number of this device.
Entry address(es)	A list of network addresses of neighbor devices.
IPv6 address: FE80::203:E3FF:FE6A:BF81 (link-local)	The network address of the neighbor device. The address can be in IP, IPv6, IPX, AppleTalk, DECnet, or Connectionless Network Service (CLNS) protocol conventions. IPv6 addresses are followed by one of the following IPv6 address types: •global unicast •link-local •multicast •site-local •V4 compatible
Platform	The product name and number of the neighbor device.
Capabilities	The device type of the neighbor. This device can be a router, a bridge, a transparent bridge, a source-routing bridge, a switch, a host, an IGMP device, or a repeater.
Interface	The local interface through which this neighbor is connected.
Port ID	The interface and port number of the neighboring device.
Holdtime	The remaining amount of time (in seconds) the current device will hold the CDP advertisement from a sending router before discarding it.
Version	The software version of the neighbor device.
Duplex Mode	The duplex state of connection between the current device and the neighbor device.
Native VLAN	The ID number of the VLAN on the neighbor device.
VTP Management Domain	A string that is the name of the collective group of VLANs associated with the neighbor device.

Related Commands

Command	Description
show cdp	Displays global CDP information, including timer and hold-time information.
show cdp entry	Displays information about a specific neighbor device listed in the CDP table.
show cdp interface	Displays information about the interfaces on which CDP is enabled.
show cdp traffic	Displays information about traffic between devices gathered using CDP.

show cdp traffic

To display information about traffic between devices gathered using Cisco Discovery Protocol (CDP), use the show cdp traffic command in privileged EXEC mode.

show cdp traffic

Syntax Description

This command has no arguments or keywords.

Command Modes

Privileged EXEC

Command History

Release	Modification
10.3	This command was introduced.

Examples

The following is sample output from the show cdp traffic command:

Router# show cdp traffic

Total packets output: 543, Input: 333

Hdr syntax: 0, Chksum error: 0, Encaps failed: 0

No memory: 0, Invalid: 0, Fragmented: 0

CDP version 1 advertisements output: 191, Input: 187

CDP version 2 advertisements output: 352, Input: 146

Table 77 describes the significant fields shown in the display.

Table 77 show cdp traffic Field Descriptions 

Field	Definition
Total packets output	The number of CDP advertisements sent by the local device. Note that this value is the sum of the CDP Version 1 advertisements output and CDP Version 2 advertisements output fields.
Input	The number of CDP advertisements received by the local device. Note that this value is the sum of the CDP Version 1 advertisements input and CDP Version 2 advertisements input fields.
Hdr syntax	The number of CDP advertisements with bad headers, received by the local device.
Chksum error	The number of times the checksum (verifying) operation failed on incoming CDP advertisements.
Encaps failed	The number of times CDP failed to send advertisements on an interface because of a failure caused by the bridge port of the local device.
No memory	The number of times the local device did not have enough memory to store the CDP advertisements in the advertisement cache table when the device was attempting to assemble advertisement packets for transmission and parse them when receiving them.
Invalid	The number of invalid CDP advertisements received and sent by the local device.
Fragmented	The number of times fragments or portions of a single CDP advertisement were received by the local device instead of the complete advertisement.
CDP version 1 advertisements output	The number of CDP Version 1 advertisements sent by the local device.
Input	The number of CDP Version 1 advertisements received by the local device.
CDP version 2 advertisements output	The number of CDP Version 2 advertisements sent by the local device.
Input	The number of CDP Version 2 advertisements received by the local device.

Related Commands

Command	Description
show cdp	Displays global CDP information, including timer and hold-time information.
show cdp entry	Displays information about a specific neighbor device listed in the CDP table.
show cdp interface	Displays information about the interfaces on which CDP is enabled.
show cdp neighbors	Displays detailed information about neighboring devices discovered using CDP.

show clock

To display the time and date from the system software clock, use the show clock command in EXEC mode.

show clock [detail]

Syntax Description

detail

(Optional) Indicates the clock source (NTP, VINES, hardware clock, and so on) and the current summer-time setting (if any).

Command Modes

EXEC

Command History

Release	Modification
10.0	This command was introduced.

Usage Guidelines

The software clock keeps an "authoritative" flag that indicates whether the time is authoritative (believed to be accurate). If the software clock has been set by a timing source (for example, via NTP), the flag is set. If the time is not authoritative, it will be used only for display purposes. Until the clock is authoritative and the "authoritative" flag is set, the flag prevents peers from synchronizing to the software clock.

The symbol that precedes the show clock display indicates the following:

Symbol	Description	Example
*	Time is not authoritative: the software clock is not in sync or has never been set.	*15:29:03.158 UTC Tue Feb 25 2003:
(blank)	Time is authoritative: the software clock is in sync or has just been set manually	15:29:03.158 UTC Tue Feb 25 2003:
.	Time is authoritative, but NTP is not synchronized: the software clock was in sync, but has since lost contact with all configured NTP servers	.15:29:03.158 UTC Tue Feb 25 2003:

These symbols are also used in NTP-based timestamping, such as for syslog (SEM) messages.

---

Note In general, NTP synchronization takes approximately 15 to 20 minutes.

---

Examples

The following sample output shows that the current clock is authoritative and that the time source is NTP:

Router> show clock detail

15:29:03.158 PST Tue Feb 25 2003

Time source is NTP

The following example shows the current clock is authoritative, but NTP is not yet synchronized:

Router> show clock

.16:42:35.597 UTC Tue Feb 25 2003

Related Commands

Command	Description
clock set	Manually sets the software clock.
show calendar	Displays the current time and date setting of the system hardware clock.

show cls

To display the current status of all Cisco link services (CLS) sessions on the router, use the show cls command in EXEC mode.

show cls [brief]

Syntax Description

brief

(Optional) Displays a brief version of the output.

Defaults

Without the brief keyword, displays complete output.

Command Modes

EXEC

Command History

Release	Modification
11.0	This command was introduced in a release prior to Cisco IOS Release 11.0.

Usage Guidelines

The Cisco link service (CLS) is used as the interface between data link users (DLUs), such as DLSw, LAN Network Manager (LNM), downstream physical unit (DSPU), and SNASw, and their corresponding data link circuits (DLCs) such as Logic Link Control (LLC), VDLC, and Qualified Logic Link Control (QLLC). Each DLU registers a particular service access point (SAP) with CLS, and establishes circuits through CLS over the DLC.

The show cls command displays the SAP values associated with the DLU and the circuits established through CLS.

For further information about CLS, use the Release 12.2 Cisco IOS Bridging and IBM Networking Configuration Guide.

Examples

The following is sample output from the show cls command:

IBD-4500B# show cls

DLU user:SNASW 

   SSap:0x04  VDLC VDLC650 

    DTE:1234.4000.0001 1234.4000.0002 04 04 

    T1 timer:0   T2 timer:0  Inact timer:0 

    max out:0    max in:0    retry count:10 

    XID retry:10 XID timer:5000  I-Frame:0 

    flow:0       DataIndQ:0   DataReqQ:0 

DLU user:DLSWDLUPEER 

DLU user:DLSWDLU 

   Bridging  VDLC VDLC1000 

   Bridging  VDLC VDLC650

The following is sample output from the show cls brief command:

IBD-4500B# show cls brief

DLU user:SNASW 

   SSap:0x04  VDLC VDLC650 

    DTE:1234.4000.0001 1234.4000.0002 04 04 

DLU user:DLSWDLUPEER 

DLU user:DLSWDLU 

   Bridging  VDLC VDLC1000 

Bridging VDLC VDLC650

The examples show two DLUs—SNASw and DLSw—active in the router. SNASw uses a SAP value of 0x04, and the associated DLC port is VDLC650. SNASw has a circuit established between MAC addresses 1234.4000.0001 and 1234.4000.0002 using source and destination SAPs 04 and 04. DLSw is a bridging protocol and uses VDLC1000 and VDLC650 ports. There are no circuits in place at this time.

In the output from the show cls command (without the brief argument), the values of timers and counters applicable to this circuit are displayed.

Related Commands

Command	Description
stun peer-name	Enables STUN for an IP address and uses Cisco Link Services (CLS) to access the Frame Relay network.

show cns config connections

To display the status of the Cisco Networking Services (CNS) event agent connection, use the show cns config connections command in privileged EXEC mode.

show cns config connections

Syntax Description

This command has no arguments or keywords.

Command Modes

Privileged EXEC

Command History

Release	Modification
12.2(8)T	This command was introduced.

Usage Guidelines

Use the show cns config connections command to determine whether the CNS event agent is connecting to the gateway, connected, or active, and to display the gateway used by the event agent and its IP address and port number.

Examples

The following is sample output from the show cns config connections command:

Router# show cns config connections

The partial configuration agent is enabled.

Configuration server:  10.1.1.1

Port number:           80

Encryption:            disabled

Config id:             test1

Connection Status:     Connection not active.

Related Commands

Command	Description
show cns config outstanding	Displays information about incremental CNS configurations that have started but not yet completed.
show cns config stats	Displays statistics about the CNS configuration agent.

show cns config outstanding

To display information about incremental (partial) Cisco Networking Services (CNS) configurations that have started but not yet completed, use the show cns config outstanding command in privileged EXEC mode.

show cns config outstanding

Syntax Description

This command has no arguments or keywords.

Command Modes

Privileged EXEC

Command History

Release	Modification
12.2(2)T	This command was introduced.
12.2(8)T	This command was implemented on Cisco 2600 series and Cisco 3600 series routers.

Usage Guidelines

Use the show cns config outstanding command to display information about outstanding incremental (partial) configurations that have started but not yet completed, including the following:

•Queue ID (location of configuration in the config queue)

•Identifier (group ID)

•Config ID (identity of configuration within the group)

Examples

The following is sample output from the show cns config outstanding command:

Router# show cns config outstanding

The outstanding configuration information:

queue id   identifier       config-id

1          identifierREAD   config_idREAD

Related Commands

Command	Description
cns config cancel	Cancels an incremental two-phase synchronization configuration.
config-cli	Displays the status of the CNS event agent connection.
show cns config stats	Displays statistics about the CNS configuration agent.

show cns config stats

To display statistics about the CNS configuration agent, use the show cns config stats command in privileged EXEC mode.

show cns config stats

Syntax Description

This command has no arguments or keywords.

Command Modes

Privileged EXEC

Command History

Release	Modification
12.2(2)T	This command was introduced.
12.2(8)T	This command was implemented on Cisco 2600 series and Cisco 3600 series routers.
12.3(1)	Additional output fields were added.

Usage Guidelines

This command displays the following statistics on the CNS configuration agent:

•The number of configurations requests received

•The number of configurations completed

•The number of configurations failed

•The number of configurations pending

•The number of configurations cancelled

•The time stamp of the last configuration received

•The time stamp of the initial configuration received

Examples

The following is sample output from the show cns config stats command:

Router# show cns config stats

6 configuration requests received.

4 configurations completed.

1 configurations failed.

1 configurations pending.

0 configurations cancelled.

The time of last received configuration is *May 5 2003 10:42:15 UTC.

Initial Config received *May 5 2003 10:45:15 UTC.

Related Commands

Command	Description
clear cns config stats	Clears all the statistics about the CNS configuration agent.
show cns config outstanding	Displays information about incremental CNS configurations that have started but not yet completed.

show cns config status

To display the status of the Cisco Networking Services (CNS) Configuration Agent, use the show cns config status command in EXEC mode.

show cns config status

Syntax Description

This command has no arguments or keywords.

Command Modes

EXEC

Command History

Release	Modification
12.2(2)T	This command was introduced.
12.0(18)ST	This command was integrated into Cisco IOS Release 12.0(18)ST.
12.0(22)S	This command was integrated into Cisco IOS Release 12.0 (22)S.

Usage Guidelines

This command displays the status of the Configuration Agent. Use this option to display the following information about the Configuration Agent:

•Status of the Configuration Agent, for example, whether it has been configured properly.

•IP address and port number of the trusted server that the Configuration Agent is using.

•Config ID (identity of configuration within the configuration group).

Related Commands

Command	Description
cns config cancel	Cancels a CNS configuration.
cns config initial	Starts the initial CNS Configuration Agent.
cns config partial	Starts the partial CNS Configuration Agent.
cns config retrieve	Gets the configuration of a routing device using CNS.

show cns event connections

To display the status of the Cisco Networking Services (CNS) event agent connection, use the show cns event connections command in privileged EXEC mode.

show cns event connections

Syntax Description

This command has no arguments or keywords.

Command Modes

Privileged EXEC

Command History

Release	Modification
12.2(8)T	This command was introduced.

Usage Guidelines

Use the show cns event connections command to display the status of the event agent connection—such as whether it is connecting to the gateway, connected, or active—and to display the gateway used by the event agent and its IP address and port number.

Examples

The following example displays the IP address and port number of the primary and backup gateways:

Router# show cns event connections

The currently configured primary event gateway:

        hostname is 10.1.1.1.

        port number is 11011.

Event-Id is Internal test1

Keepalive setting:

        none.

Connection status:

        Connection Established.

The currently configured backup event gateway:

        none.

The currently connected event gateway:

        hostname is 10.1.1.1.

        port number is 11011.

Related Commands

Command	Description
show cns event stats	Displays statistics about the CNS event agent connection.
show cns event subject	Displays a list of subjects about the CNS event agent connection.

show cns event gateway

To display information about the Cisco Networking Services (CNS) Event Agent, use the show cns event gateway command in EXEC mode.

show cns event gateway

Syntax Description

This command has no arguments or keywords.

Defaults

No default behavior or values.

Command Modes

EXEC

Command History

Release	Modification
12.2(2)T	This command was introduced.
12.0(18)ST	This command was integrated into Cisco IOS Release 12.0 (18)ST

Usage Guidelines

Use this command to display the following information about CNS gateways:

•Primary gateway:

–IP address

–Port number

•Backup gateways:

–IP address

–Port number

•Currently connected gateway:

–IP address

–Port number

Related Commands

Command	Description
cns event	Configures the CNS Event Gateway.

show cns event stats

To display statistics about the CNS event agent connection, use the show cns event stats command in privileged EXEC mode.

show cns event stats

Syntax Description

This command has no arguments or keywords.

Command Modes

Privileged EXEC

Command History

Release	Modification
12.2(2)T	This command was introduced.
12.0(18)ST	This command was integrated into Cisco IOS Release 12.0(18)ST.
12.0(22)S	This command was integrated into Cisco IOS Release 12.0(22)S.
12.2(8)T	This command was implemented on the Cisco 2600 series and the Cisco 3600 series routers.
12.3(1)	Output was changed to display statistics generated since last cleared.

Usage Guidelines

Use this command to display the following statistics for the CNS event agent:

•Number of events received

•Number of events sent

•Number of events not processed successfully

•Number of events in the queue

•Time stamp showing when statistics were last cleared (time stamp is router time)

•Number of events received since the statistics were cleared

•Time stamp of latest event received (time stamp is router time)

•Time stamp of latest event sent

•Number of applications using the Event Agent

•Number of subjects subscribed

Examples

The following example displays statistics for the CNS event agent:

Router# show cns event stats

0 events received.

1 events sent.

0 events not processed.

0 events in the queue.

0 events sent to other IOS applications.

Event agent stats last cleared at Apr 4 2003 00:55:25 UTC

No events received since stats cleared

The time stamp of the last received event is *Mar 30 2003 11:04:08 UTC

The time stamp of the last sent event is *Apr 11 2003 22:21:23 UTC

3 applications are using the event agent.

0 subjects subscribed.

1 subjects produced.

0 subjects replied.

Related Commands

Command	Description
clear cns event stats	Clears all the statistics about the CNS event agent.
cns event	Enables and configures CNS event agent services.
show cns event connections	Displays the status of the CNS event agent connection.
show cns event subject	Displays a list of subjects about the CNS event agent connection.

show cns event status

To display information about the Cisco Networking Services (CNS) Event Agent, use the show cns event status command in EXEC mode.

show cns event status

Syntax Description

This command has no arguments or keywords.

Command Modes

EXEC

Command History

Release	Modification
12.2(2)T	This command was introduced.
12.0(18)ST	This command was integrated into Cisco IOS Release 12.0 (18)ST.

Usage Guidelines

Use this command to display the following information about the CNS Event Agent:

•Status of Event Agent:

–Connected

–Active

•Gateway used by the Event Agent:

–IP address

–Port number

•Device ID

Related Commands

Command	Description
cns event	Configures the CNS Event Gateway.

show cns event subject

To display a list of subjects about the Cisco Networking Services (CNS) event agent connection, use the show cns event subject command in privileged EXEC mode.

show cns event subject [name]

Syntax Description

name	(Optional) Displays a list of applications that are subscribing to this specific subject name.

Command Modes

Privileged EXEC

Command History

Release	Modification
12.2(2)T	This command was introduced.
12.0(18)ST	This command was integrated into Cisco IOS Release 12.0(18)ST.
12.0(22)S	This command was integrated into Cisco IOS Release 12.0(22)S.
12.2(8)T	This command was implemented on the Cisco 2600 series and the Cisco 3600 series.

Usage Guidelines

Use the show cns event subject command to display a list of subjects of the event agent that are subscribed to by applications.

Examples

The following example displays the IP address and port number of the primary and backup gateways:

Router# show cns event subject

The list of subjects subscribed by applications.

   cisco.cns.mibaccess:request

   cisco.cns.config.load

   cisco.cns.config.reboot

   cisco.cns.exec.cmd

Related Commands

Command	Description
show cns event connections	Displays the status of the CNS event agent connection.
show cns event stats	Displays statistics about the CNS event agent connection.

show cns image connections

To display the status of the Cisco Networking Services (CNS) image management server HTTP connections, use the show cns image connections command in privileged EXEC mode.

show cns image connections

Syntax Description

This command has no arguments or keywords.

Command Modes

Privileged EXEC

Command History

Release	Modification
12.3(1)	This command was introduced.

Usage Guidelines

Use the show cns image connections command when troubleshooting HTTP connection problems with the CNS image server. The output displays the following information:

•Number of connection attempts

•Number of connections that were never connected and those that were abruptly disconnected

•Date and time of last successful connection

Examples

The following is sample output from the show cns image connections command:

Router# show cns image connections

CNS Image Agent:  HTTP connections

Connection attempts 1

never connected:0   Abrupt disconnect:0 

Last successful connection at 11:45:02.000 UTC Mon May 6 2003

Related Commands

Command	Description
show cns image inventory	Displays inventory information about the CNS image agent.
show cns image status	Displays status information about the CNS image agent.

show cns image inventory

To provide a dump of Cisco Networking Services (CNS) image inventory information in XML format, use the show cns image inventory command in privileged EXEC mode.

show cns image inventory

Syntax Description

This command has no arguments or keywords.

Command Modes

Privileged EXEC

Command History

Release	Modification
12.3(1)	This command was introduced.

Usage Guidelines

To view the XML output in a better format, paste the content into a text file and use an XML viewing tool.

Examples

The following is sample output from the show cns image inventory command:

Router# show cns image inventory

Inventory Report 

<imageInventoryReport><deviceName><imageID>Router</imageID><hostName>Router</ho 

IOS (tm) C2600 Software (C2600-I-M), Experimental Version 12.3(20030414:081500)]

Copyright (c) 1986-2003 by cisco Systems, Inc.

Compiled Mon 14-Apr-03 02:03 by engineer</versionString><imageFile>tftp://10.25>

Related Commands

Command	Description
show cns image connections	Displays connection information for the CNS image agent.
show cns image status	Displays status information about the CNS image agent.

show cns image status

To display status information about the Cisco Networking Services (CNS) image agent, use the show cns image status command in privileged EXEC mode.

show cns image status

Syntax Description

This command has no arguments or keywords.

Command Modes

Privileged EXEC

Command History

Release	Modification
12.3(1)	This command was introduced.

Usage Guidelines

Use this command to display the following status information about the CNS image agent:

•Start date and time of last upgrade

•End date and time of last upgrade

•End date and time of last successful upgrade

•End date and time of last failed upgrade

•Number of failed upgrades

•Number of successful upgrades with number of received messages and errors

•Transmit status with number of attempts, successes, and failures

Examples

The following is sample output from the show cns image status command:

Router# show cns image status

Last upgrade started at 11:45:02.000 UTC Mon May 6 2003

Last upgrade ended at 11:56:04.000 UTC Mon May 6 2003 status SUCCESS

Last successful upgrade ended at 00:00:00.000 UTC Mon May 6 2003

Last failed upgrade ended at 00:00:00.000 UTC Wed Apr 16 2003

Number of failed upgrades: 2

Number of successful upgrades: 6

 messages received: 12

 receive errors: 5

Transmit Status

  TX Attempts:4

    Successes:3         Failures 2

Related Commands

Command	Description
show cns image connections	Displays connection information for the CNS image agent.
show cns image inventory	Displays image inventory information in XML format.

show <command> append

To redirect and add the output of any show command to an existing file, use the show command | append command in privileged EXEC mode.

show command | append url

Syntax Description

command

Any Cisco IOS show command.

| append url

The addition of this syntax redirects the command output to the file location specified in the Universal Resource Locator (URL). The pipe (|) is required. The Cisco IOS File System (IFS) uses URLs to specify the location of a file system, directory, and file. Typical URL elements include: prefix:[directory/]filename Prefixes can be local file locations, such as flash: or disk0:. Alternatively, you can specify network locations using the following syntax: ftp:[[//[username[:password]@]location]/directory]/filename tftp:[[//location]/directory]/filename The rcp: prefix is not supported.

Command Modes

Privileged EXEC

Command History

Release	Modification
12.0(21)S	This command was introduced.
12.2(13)T	This command was integrated into Cisco IOS Release 12.2(13)T.

Usage Guidelines

To display all URL prefixes that are supported for this command, use the show command | append ? command.

This command adds the show command output to the end of the specified file.

Examples

In the following example, output from the show tech-support command is redirected to an existing file on Disk 1 with the file-name of "showoutput.txt." This output is added at the end of any existing data in the file.

Router# show tech-support | append disk1:showoutput.txt

Related Commands

Command	Description
show <command> redirect	Redirects the output of any show command to a specified file.
show <command> tee	Copies the show command output to a file while displaying it on the terminal.

show <command> begin

To begin the output of any show command from a specified string, use the show command | begin command in EXEC mode.

show command | begin regular-expression

Syntax Description

command	Any supported show command.
|	A vertical bar (the "pipe" symbol) indicates that an output processing specification follows.
regular-expression	Any regular expression found in show command output. The show output will begin from the first instance of this string (output prior to this string will not be printed to the screen). The string is case-sensitive. Use parenthesis to indicate a literal use of spaces.
/	Specifies a search at a --More-- prompt that begins unfiltered output with the first line that contains the regular expression.
-	Specifies a filter at a --More-- prompt that only displays output lines that do not contain the regular expression.
+	Specifies a filter at a --More-- prompt that only displays output lines that contain the regular expression.

Command Modes

EXEC

Command History

Release	Modification
8.3	The show command was introduced.
12.0(1)T	This extension of the show command was introduced.

Usage Guidelines

The regular-expression argument is case sensitive and allows for complex matching requirements. Use parenthesis to indicate a literal use of spaces. For example, | begin u indicates that the show output should begin with any line that contains a u; | begin ( u) indicates that the show output should begin with any line that contains a space and a u together (line has a word that begins with a lowercase u).

To search the remaining output of the show command, use the following command at the --More-- prompt:

/regular-expression

You can specify a filtered search at any --More-- prompt. To filter the remaining output of the show command, use one of the following commands at the --More-- prompt:

-regular-expression

+regular-expression

When output volume is large, the search can produce long lists of output. To interrupt the output, press Ctrl-^ (Ctrl-Shift-6) or Ctrl-z.

---

Note Once you specify a filter for a show command, you cannot specify another filter at the next --More-- prompt. The first specified filter remains until the more command output finishes or until you interrupt the output. The use of the keyword begin does not constitute a filter.

---

Because prior output is not saved, you cannot search or filter backward through prior output.

---

Note A few show commands that have long output requirements do not require user input at the --More-- prompt to jump to the next table of output; these types of output require you to enter the same number of Ctrl-^ or Ctrl-Z combinations as there are --More-- prompts to completely abort output.

---

Examples

The following is partial sample output of the show interface | begin command that begins unfiltered output with the first line that contains the regular expression "Ethernet." At the --More-- prompt, the user specifies a filter to show only the lines in the remaining output that contain the regular expression "Serial."

Router# show interface | begin Ethernet

Ethernet0 is up, line protocol is up

Hardware is Lance, address is 0060.837c.6399 (bia 0060.837c.6399)

  Description: ip address is 172.1.2.14 255.255.255.0

  Internet address is 172.1.2.14/24

.

.

.

     0 lost carrier, 0 no carrier

     0 output buffer failures, 0 output buffers swapped out

--More--

+Serial

filtering...

Serial1 is up, line protocol is up

Serial2 is up, line protocol is up

Serial3 is up, line protocol is down

Serial4 is down, line protocol is down

Serial5 is up, line protocol is up

Serial6 is up, line protocol is up

Serial7 is up, line protocol is up

Related Commands

Command	Description
more <url> begin	Begins unfiltered output of the more command with the first line that contains the regular expression you specify.
more <url> exclude	Filters more command output so that it excludes lines that contain a particular regular expression.
more <url> include	Filters more command output so that it displays only lines that contain a particular regular expression.
show <command> exclude	Filters show command output so that it excludes lines that contain a particular regular expression.
show <command> include	Filters show command output so that it displays only lines that contain a particular regular expression.

show <command> exclude

To filter show command output so that it excludes lines that contain a particular regular expression, use the show command | exclude command in EXEC mode.

show command | exclude regular-expression

Syntax Description

command	Any supported show command.
|	A vertical bar (the "pipe" symbol) indicates that an output processing specification follows.
regular-expression	Any regular expression found in show command output.
/	Specifies a search at a --More-- prompt that begins unfiltered output with the first line that contains the regular expression.

Command Modes

EXEC

Command History

Release	Modification
12.0(1)T	This command was introduced.

Usage Guidelines

The regular-expression argument is case sensitive and allows for complex matching requirements.

You can specify a new search at every --More-- prompt. To search the remaining output of the show command, use the following syntax at the --More-- prompt:

/regular-expression

When output volume is large, the search can produce long lists of output. To interrupt the output, press Ctrl-^ (Ctrl-Shift-6) or Ctrl-Z.

Because prior output is not saved, you cannot search or filter backward through prior output.

---

Note A few show commands that have long output requirements do not require user input at the --More-- prompt to jump to the next table of output; these types of output require you to enter the same number of Ctrl-^ or Ctrl-Z combinations as there are --More-- prompts to completely abort output.

---

Examples

The following is partial sample output of the show | exclude command used with the show buffers command. It excludes lines that contain the regular expression "0 misses." At the --More-- prompt, the user searches for the regular expression "Serial0," which continues the filtered output with the first line that contains "Serial0."

Router# show buffers | exclude 0 misses

Buffer elements:

     398 in free list (500 max allowed)

Public buffer pools:

Small buffers, 104 bytes (total 50, permanent 50):

     50 in free list (20 min, 150 max allowed)

     551 hits, 3 misses, 0 trims, 0 created

Big buffers, 1524 bytes (total 50, permanent 50):

     49 in free list (5 min, 150 max allowed)

Very Big buffers, 4520 bytes (total 10, permanent 10):

.

.

.

Huge buffers, 18024 bytes (total 0 permanent 0):

     0 in free list (0 min, 4 max allowed)

--More--

/Serial0

filtering...

Serial0 buffers, 1543 bytes (total 64, permanent 64):

     16 in free list (0 min, 64 max allowed)

     48 hits, 0 fallbacks

Related Commands

Command	Description
more <url> begin	Begins unfiltered output of the more command with the first line that contains the regular expression you specify.
more <url> exclude	Filters more command output so that it excludes lines that contain a particular regular expression.
more <url> include	Filters more command output so that it displays only lines that contain a particular regular expression.
show <command> begin	Searches the output of any show command and displays the output from the first instance of a specified string.
show <command> include	Filters show command output so that it displays only lines that contain a particular regular expression.

show <command> include

To filter show command output so that it only displays lines that contain a particular regular expression, use the show command | include command in EXEC mode.

show command | include regular-expression

Syntax Description

command	Any supported show command.
|	A vertical bar (the "pipe" symbol) indicates that an output processing specification follows.
regular-expression	Any regular expression found in show command output. Use parenthesis to include spaces in the expression.
/	Specifies a search at a --More-- prompt that begins unfiltered output with the first line that contains the regular expression.

Command Modes

EXEC

Command History

Release	Modification
12.0(1)T	This command was introduced.

Usage Guidelines

The regular-expression argument is case sensitive and allows for complex matching requirements.

You can specify a new search at every --More-- prompt. To search the remaining output of the show command, use the following syntax at the --More-- prompt:

/regular-expression

When output volume is large, the search can produce long lists of output. To interrupt the output, press Ctrl-^ (Ctrl-Shift-6) or Ctrl-Z.

Because prior output is not saved, you cannot search or filter backward through prior output.

---

Note A few show commands that have long output requirements do not require user input at the --More-- prompt to jump to the next table of output; these types of output require you to enter the same number of Ctrl-^ or Ctrl-Z combinations as there are --More-- prompts to completely abort output.

---

Examples

The following is partial sample output of the show interface | include command. It displays only lines that contain the regular expression "( is )." The parentheses force the inclusion of the spaces before and after "is." Use of the parenthesis ensures that only lines containing "is" with a space both before and after it will be included in the output. Lines with words like "disconnect" will be excluded because there are not spaces around the instance of the string "is".

Router# show interface | include ( is )

ATM0 is administratively down, line protocol is down

  Hardware is ATMizer BX-50

Dialer1 is up (spoofing), line protocol is up (spoofing)

  Hardware is Unknown

  DTR is pulsed for 1 seconds on reset

Ethernet0 is up, line protocol is up

  Hardware is Lance, address is 0060.837c.6399 (bia 0060.837c.6399)

  Internet address is 172.21.53.199/24

Ethernet1 is up, line protocol is up

  Hardware is Lance, address is 0060.837c.639c (bia 0060.837c.639c)

  Internet address is 5.5.5.99/24

Serial0:0 is down, line protocol is down

  Hardware is DSX1

.

.

.

 --More-- 

At the --More-- prompt, the user searches for the regular expression "Serial0:13", which continues filtered output with the first line that contains "Serial0:13."

/Serial0:13

filtering...

Serial0:13 is down, line protocol is down

  Hardware is DSX1

  Internet address is 11.0.0.2/8

     0 output errors, 0 collisions, 2 interface resets

  Timeslot(s) Used:14, Transmitter delay is 0 flags

Related Commands

Command	Description
more <url> begin	Begins unfiltered output of the more command with the first line that contains the regular expression you specify.
more <url> exclude	Filters more command output so that it excludes lines that contain a particular regular expression.
more <url> include	Filters more command output so that it displays only lines that contain a particular regular expression.
show <command> begin	Searches the output of any show command and displays the output from the first instance of a specified string.
show <command> exclude	Filters show command output so that it excludes lines that contain a particular regular expression.

show <command> redirect

To redirect the output of any show command to a file, use the show command | redirect command in privileged EXEC mode.

show command | redirect url

Syntax Description

command

Any Cisco IOS show command.

| redirect url

The addition of this syntax redirects the command output to the file location specified in the Universal Resource Locator (URL). The pipe (|) is required. The Cisco IOS File System (IFS) uses URLs to specify the location of a file system, directory, and file. Typical URL elements include: prefix:[directory/]filename Prefixes can be local file locations, such as flash: or disk0:. Alternatively, you can specify network locations using the following syntax: ftp:[[//[username[:password]@]location]/directory]/filename tftp:[[//location]/directory]/filename The rcp: prefix is not supported.

Command Modes

Privileged EXEC

Command History

Release	Modification
12.0(21)S	This command was introduced.
12.2(13)T	This command was integrated into Cisco IOS Release 12.2(13)T.

Usage Guidelines

To display all URL prefixes that are supported for this command, use the show command | redirect ? command.

This command creates a new file at the specified location, or overwrites an existing file.

Examples

In the following example, output from the show tech-support command is write to the file "showtech.txt" on the host at 172.16.101.101 in the directory "//tftpboot/docs/" using FTP:

Router# show tech | redirect 
ftp://USER:MYPASSWORD@172.16.101.101//tftpboot/docs/showtech.txt 

Related Commands

Command	Description
show <command> append	Redirects and appends show command output to the end of an existing file.
show <command> tee	Copies the show command output to a file while displaying it on the terminal.

show <command> section

To filter the output of a show command to match a given expression as well as any lines associated with that expression, use the show command section command in privileged EXEC mode.

show command | section [include | exclude] regular-expression

Syntax Description

command	Any Cisco IOS show command.
include	(Optional) Includes only the lines that contain a particular regular expression. This is the default keyword when none is specified.
exclude	(Optional) Excludes any lines that contain a particular regular expression.
regular-expression	Any regular expression or plain text string found in show command output. The syntax of the regular expression conforms to that of Bell V8 regexp(3).

Command Modes

Privileged EXEC

Command History

Release	Modification
12.3(2)T	This command was introduced.

Usage Guidelines

In many cases, it is useful to filter the output of a show command to match a specific expression. Filtering provides some control over the type and amount of information displayed by the system. The show section command provides enhanced filtering capabilities by matching lines in the show command output containing specific expressions as well as matching any entries associated with those expressions. Filtering is especially useful, for example, when displaying large configuration files using the show running-configuration command or the show interfaces command.

If the include or exclude keyword is not specified, include is the default.

If there are no associated entries for an expression, then only the line matching the expression is displayed.

Examples

The following examples compare the filtering characteristics of the show running-config | include command with the show running-config | section command. The first example gathers just the lines from the configuration file with "interface" in them.

Router# show running-config | include interface

interface Ethernet0/0 
interface Ethernet1/0 
interface Serial2/0 
interface Serial3/0

The next example uses the show command section command to gather the lines in the configuration file with "interface" in them as well as any lines associated with those entries. In this example, interface configuration information is captured.

Router# show running-config | section include interface

interface Ethernet0/0 
 shutdown 
 no cdp enable

interface Ethernet1/0 
 shutdown 
 no cdp enable 
interface Serial2/0 
 shutdown 
 no cdp enable 
interface Serial3/0 
 shutdown 
 no cdp enable

Related Commands

Command	Description
show <command> append	Redirects the output of any show command and adds it to the end of an existing file.
show <command> exclude	Filters show command output so that it excludes lines that contain a particular regular expression.
show <command> include	Filters show command output so that it displays only lines that contain a particular regular expression.
show <command> redirect	Redirects the output of any show command to a specified file.

show <command> tee

To copy the output of any show command to a file while displaying it on the terminal, use the show command | tee command in privileged EXEC mode.

show command | tee [/append] url

Syntax Description

command	Any Cisco IOS show command.
| tee url	The addition of this syntax copies the command output to the file location specified in the Universal Resource Locator (URL). The pipe (|) is required. The Cisco IOS File System (IFS) uses URLs to specify the location of a file system, directory, and file. Typical URL elements include: prefix:[directory/]filename Prefixes can be local file locations, such as flash: or disk0:. Alternatively, you can specify network locations using the following syntax: ftp:[[//[username[:password]@]location]/directory]/filename tftp:[[//location]/directory]/filename The rcp: prefix is not supported.
/append	(Optional) Adds the show command output to the end of an existing file.

Command Modes

Privileged EXEC

Command History

Release	Modification
12.0(21)S	This command was introduced.
12.2(13)T	This command was integrated into Cisco IOS Release 12.2(13)T.

Usage Guidelines

To display all URL prefixes that are supported for this command, use the show command | tee ? command.

The tee keyword was chosen to reflect that output is redirected to two locations; the terminal and a file (as a tee plumbing junction redirects water to two different pipes).

Examples

In the following example, output from the show tech-support command is displayed on-screen while it is written to the file "showoutput.txt" at the host 172.16.101.101 using TFTP:

Router# show tech-support | tee tftp://172.16.101.101/docs/showoutput.txt

The following example performs the same function as above, but in this case the output is added at the end of any existing data in the file "showoutput.txt":

Router# show tech-support | tee /append tftp://172.16.101.101/docs/showoutput.txt

Related Commands

Command	Description
show <command> append	Redirects the output of any show command and adds it to the end of existing file.
show <command> redirect	Redirects the output of any show command to a specified file.