Table Of Contents
Bridging and Routing Features for the Cisco uBR904 Cable Modem
Configuring a Host Name and Password
Verifying the Host Name and Password
Configuring Ethernet and Cable Modem Interfaces
Verifying IP Address Configuration
Reestablishing Plug-and-Play Bridging
Customizing the Cable Modem Interface
cable-modem downstream saved channel
cable-modem upstream preamble qpsk
Bridging and Routing Features for the Cisco uBR904 Cable Modem
The following sections are provided:
Feature Summary
The Cisco uBR904 cable modem is a fully-functional Cisco IOS router and standards-based Data-Over-Cable Service Interface Specification (DOCSIS) cable modem designed for use in small office/home office data-over-cable applications. It enables the delivery of secure, high-speed connections over small to medium-sized LANs. Downstream speeds up to 27 Mbps are supported using the 64-QAM modulation technique, or 40 Mbps using 256-QAM. On the upstream, the Cisco uBR904 can deliver 5 Mbps using Quadrature Phase-Shift Keying (QPSK) or 10 Mbps using 16-QAM.
The Cisco uBR904 is a compact device that supports the direct connection of up to four PCs and has the familiar features and programming interface of other routers in Cisco's extensive line of small- and medium-sized business product offerings. The Cisco uBR904 provides packet data transport and network address translation for TCP/IP applications between home or office computers and the cable headend.
You can configure your cable modem to act as a bridge or as a router. See and . For more detailed descriptions of these options, see the "Configuration Options" section.
Figure 1 Cisco uBR904 in a Bridging Configuration
Figure 2 Cisco uBR904 in a Routing Configuration with a Hub
Benefits
The Cisco uBR904 cable modem provides the following benefits for data-over-cable applications:
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Enables the cost-effective deployment of advanced routing capabilities to the small office or home office site
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List of Terms
CATV—Originally stood for Community Antenna Television. Now refers to any coaxial or fiber cable-based system that provides television services.
Cable modem (CM)—Any device that modulates and demodulates digital data onto a CATV plant.
Cable router—A modular chassis-based router optimized for data-over-CATV hybrid fiber-coaxial (HFC) applications.
Channel—A specific frequency allocation and bandwidth. Downstream channels used for television in the United States are 6 MHz wide.
CM—Cable modem.
CMTS—Cable Modem Termination System. Any DOCSIS-compliant headend cable router, such as the Cisco uBR7246.
DHCP—Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol. This protocol provides a mechanism for allocating IP addresses dynamically so that addresses can be reused when hosts no longer need them.
DOCSIS—Data Over Cable Service Interface Specification. Defines technical specifications for equipment at both subscriber locations and cable operators' headends.
Downstream—The set of frequencies used to send data from a headend to a subscriber.
Headend—Central distribution point for a CATV system. Video signals are received here from satellite (either co-located or remote), frequency converted to the appropriate channels, combined with locally originated signals, and rebroadcast onto the HFC plant. For a CATV data system, the headend is the typical place to create a link between the HFC system and any external data networks.
HFC—Hybrid fiber-coaxial (cable network). Older CATV systems were provisioned using only coaxial cable. Modern systems use fiber transport from the headend to an optical node located in the neighborhood to reduce system noise. Coaxial cable runs from the node to the subscriber. The fiber plant is generally a star configuration with all optical node fibers terminating at a headend. The coaxial cable part of the system is generally a trunk-and-branch configuration.
Host—Any end-user computer system that connects to a network. In this document, the term host refers to the computer system connected to the LAN interface of the cable modem.
MAC layer—Media Access Control sublayer. Controls access by the cable modem to the CMTS and to the upstream data slots.
MCNS—Multimedia Cable Network System Partners Ltd. A consortium of cable companies providing service to the majority of homes in the United States and Canada. This consortium has decided to drive a standard with the goal of having interoperable cable modems.
MSO—Multiple Service Operator. A cable service provider that also provides other services such as data and/or voice telephony.
QAM—Quadrature Amplitude Modulation. A method of modulating digital signals onto a radio-frequency carrier signal involving both amplitude and phase coding. QAM is a modulation scheme mostly used in the downstream direction (QAM-64, QAM-256). QAM-16 is expected to be usable in the upstream direction. Numbers indicate number of code points per symbol. The QAM rate or the number of points in the QAM constellation can be computed by 2 raised to the power of <number of bits/symbol>.
QPSK—Quadrature Phase-Shift Keying. A method of modulating digital signals onto a radio-frequency carrier signal using four phase states to code two digital bits.
Ranging—The process of acquiring the correct timing offset such that the transmissions of a cable modem are aligned with the correct mini-slot boundary.
SID (Service ID)—A number that defines (at the MAC sublayer) a particular mapping between a cable modem (CM) and the CMTS. The SID is used for the purpose of upstream bandwidth allocation and class-of-service management.
Subscriber Unit (SU)—An alternate term for cable modem. See cable modem.
Upstream—The set of frequencies used to send data from a subscriber to the headend.
Platforms
The Cisco uBR904 cable modem is a standalone device; it works in conjunction with the Cisco uBR7246 universal broadband router.
Prerequisites
In order to use the Cisco uBR904 cable modem for data-over-cable applications, the following conditions must be met:
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Supported MIBs and RFCs
The Cisco uBR904 cable modem supports the following:
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Products & Ordering: Cisco Products: Network Management: CiscoWorks•
Cisco Product Documentation: Network Management: CiscoWorks•
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Functional Description
The Cisco uBR904 cable modem is the end-user part of the Cisco data-over-cable system; it is also referred to as a subscriber unit. The subscriber unit functions as an interface between the subscriber's personal computer(s) at the small office/home office and the cable operator's network (the headend).
The Cisco uBR904 has a single-cable F-connector interface for connection to the HFC network and a built-in Ethernet 10BaseT hub that provides four RJ-45 ports to which subscriber devices can be connected. All four ports are treated as one Ethernet interface by the Cisco IOS software. More hosts can be connected to the unit by connecting one of the 10BaseT ports to a hub. An additional RJ-45 port provides a console interface for configuration and diagnostic purposes.
In compliance with MCNS requirements, the cable interface requires no configuration or setup procedures other than connecting the Cisco uBR904 to the cable system. The unit is configured automatically using a configuration file generated by the cable service provider and delivered via the Cisco uBR7246 universal broadband router installed at the cable headend. The headend router provides a path from the cable modem to the DHCP server for PC address assignment.
The personal computer(s) connected to the cable modem must be configured for Internet Protocol (IP). In addition, the cable service provider must have a correctly configured network Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) server and EIA downstream channel. Using DHCP, the universal broadband router assigns an IP address to the cable modem each time it connects to the network. The IP address identifies the computer on the network and enables the universal broadband router to route data to and from the PC.
After the cable modem is installed and the connected PC is configured for IP, and after DHCP services are enabled and communication to the headend is established, the Cisco uBR7246 universal broadband router downloads configuration information to the cable modem. The initial configuration connection to the headend can take several minutes.
For an explanation of error messages displayed by the uBR904 (including those that can appear during intial start-up) see Cisco Cable CPE Error Messages, viewable online at www.cisco.com/univercd/cc/td/doc/product/cable/cab_modm/ubcmerrs.pdf .
See for a sample network topology.
Figure 3
CMTS to Cable Modem Network Sample Topology
Configuration Options
The Cisco uBR904 cable modem is usually configured automatically via a configuration file generated by the cable service provider; however, you can also manually configure the cable modem to function either as a bridge or as a router. The following sections give brief descriptions of both applications.
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Bridging
The Cisco uBR904 cable modem complies with the MCNS standards for interoperable cable modems; it supports full transparent bridging as well as DOCSIS-compliant transparent bridging.
In bridging applications, the Cisco uBR904 acts as a transparent bridge for up to three PCs plugged directly into three of the four Ethernet ports on the rear panel of the unit. The cable modem is connected to the Internet via the coaxial cable. All three Ethernet ports are treated as one Ethernet interface by the Cisco IOS software. The IP addresses for the PCs and the coaxial cable interface are in the same subnet.
Figure 4 Cisco uBR904 in a Bridging Configuration
DOCSIS-compliant transparent bridging is the default configuration of the Cisco uBR904 cable modem. If your cable service provider is using a DHCP server, all you need to do is connect the cables and power on the cable modem; your service provider's configuration program will automatically configure both the coaxial cable interface and the bridging functionality. You do not need to set up IP addresses for the attached PCs or enter any Command Line Interface (CLI) configuration commands. This type of operation is called plug-and-play bridging.
In addition to the plug-and-play method, you can configure a bridging application on the Cisco uBR904 using one of the following methods:
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Routing
In this application, the cable modem acts as a router to connect to existing networks. A typical use would be if you are connecting the cable modem to an internal Ethernet hub that is connected to an existing PC network. You can also connect the cable modem directly to as many as four PCs via the Ethernet ports on the rear panel.
The cable modem is automatically configured to use the IP address of the Cisco uBR7246 headend cable router as the cable modem's default IP gateway.
Figure 5 Cisco uBR904 in a Routing Configuration with a Hub
You can configure the Cisco uBR904 cable modem to function like a router using one of the following methods:
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Configuration Tasks
The Cisco uBR904 cable modem typically is configured automatically on power-up using a configuration file generated by the cable service provider and delivered via the Cisco uBR7246 universal broadband router installed at the cable headend. All of the configuration tasks listed below are optional.
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Configuring a Host Name and Password
One of the first configuration tasks you might want to perform is to configure a host name and set an encrypted password. Configuring a host name allows you to distinguish multiple Cisco uBR904 cable modems from each other. Setting an encrypted password allows you to prevent unauthorized configuration changes.
Note
To configure a host name and an encrypted password for a Cisco uBR904 cable modem, perform the following tasks, starting in global configuration mode:
Verifying the Host Name and Password
To verify that you configured the correct host name and password, enter the show running-config command from global configuration mode:
cisco(config)# show running-configUsing 1888 out of 126968 bytes!version XX.X..!hostname cisco!enable secret 5 $1$60L4$X2JYOwoDc0.kqa1loO/w8/•
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cisco# exitcisco con0 is now availablePress RETURN to get started.cisco> enablePassword: guessmecisco#Troubleshooting Tips
If you are having trouble:
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Configuring Ethernet and Cable Modem Interfaces
To assign an IP address to the Ethernet or cable modem interface so that it can be recognized as a device on the Ethernet LAN, perform the following tasks, starting in global configuration mode:
Verifying IP Address Configuration
To verify that you have assigned the correct IP address, enter the show arp command:
uBR904# show arpProtocol Address Age (min) Hardware Addr Type InterfaceInternet 172.16.1.1 - 0009.0613.6030 ARPA cable-modem0Internet 4.0.0.28 - 00e0.1ed7.524d ARPA Ethernet0Troubleshooting Tips
If you are having trouble:
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Configuring Routing
If you have one or more PCs directly connected to your cable modem, you can change the cable modem's configuration from bridging to routing. When configured as a bridge, the cable modem can have a maximum of three PCs directly connected; when configured as a router, it can have four PCs directly connected. See the "Configuration Options" section for details on both of these configurations.
To configure the Cisco uBR904 cable modem for routing, perform the following tasks, starting in global configuration mode:
Verifying Routing
To verify that bridging is not configured, routing is enabled, and that Routing Information Protocol is configured on the interfaces, enter the show startup-config command:
uBR904# show startup-configBuilding configuration...Current configuration:!version 12.0no service padno service password-encryptionservice udp-small-serversservice tcp-small-servers!hostname ubR904!!ip host sw-lab-fw 4.0.0.1ip domain-name cisco.comip name-server 171.69.209.10clock timezone EST 2!!interface Ethernet0ip address 4.0.0.33 255.0.0.0ip rip send version 2ip rip receive version 2no keepalive!interface cable-modem0ip address 172.16.1.42 255.255.0.0ip rip send version 2ip rip receive version 2no keepalivecable-modem downstream saved channel 699000000 39cable-modem downstream search-band 88 453000000 855000000 6000000cable-modem downstream search-band 89 93000000 105000000 6000000cable-modem downstream search-band 90 111250000 117250000 6000000cable-modem downstream search-band 91 231012500 327012500 6000000cable-modem downstream search-band 92 333015000 333015000 6000000cable-modem downstream search-band 93 339012500 399012500 6000000cable-modem downstream search-band 94 405000000 447000000 6000000cable-modem downstream search-band 95 123015000 129015000 6000000cable-modem downstream search-band 96 135012500 135012500 6000000cable-modem downstream search-band 97 141000000 171000000 6000000cable-modem downstream search-band 98 219000000 225000000 6000000cable-modem downstream search-band 99 177000000 213000000 6000000cable-modem downstream search-band 100 91000000 860000000!router ripnetwork 4.0.0.0network 172.16.0.0!ip default-gateway 172.16.1.1ip classless!line con 0line vty 0 4login!endConfiguring Bridging
The Cisco uBR904 cable modem is configured for bridging by default. If it becomes necessary to reconfigure the unit for bridging after it has been configured for routing, you can erase the routing configuration and return the unit to factory default configuration settings, or you can reconfigure the unit manually using the CLI. To return the cable modem to factory default settings, see the section "Reestablishing Plug-and-Play Bridging" on page 15 for details. To reconfigure the cable modem manually, perform the following tasks, starting in global configuration mode:
When the cable interface comes up, the IP address and downstream channel are configured automatically.
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Verifying Bridging
To verify that routing has been disabled on all interfaces and that bridging has been reenabled, enter the show startup-config command from privileged EXEC mode:
uBR904# show startup-configBuilding configuration...Current configuration:!version 12.0no service padno service password-encryption!hostname uBR904!no ip routing!interface Ethernet0no ip addressno ip route-cachebridge-group 59bridge-group 59 spanning-disabled!interface cable-modem0no ip addressno ip route-cacheno keepalivecable-modem downstream saved channel 699000000 36bridge-group 59bridge-group 59 spanning-disabled!ip classless!line con 0line vty 0 4login!endReestablishing Plug-and-Play Bridging
To erase the current non-default cable modem configuration and return the unit to its factory default plug-and-play bridging configuration, perform the following task from privileged EXEC mode:
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uBR904#erase startup config
Erase the current configuration (assuming the current running configuration has been saved to NVRAM).
After entering this command, perform a warm reset of the Cisco uBR904 cable modem by pressing and holding down the Reset button for less than 10 seconds. For information on the location and operation of the Reset button, refer to the "Physical Description" section in the chapter "Installing the Cisco uBR904 Cable Modem" in the Cisco uBR904 Cable Modem Installation and Configuration Guide.
Verify Plug-and-Play Bridging
To verify that the cable modem is configured for Plug-and-Play bridging, enter the show startup-config command from privileged EXEC mode. The configuration should look like this:
uBR904# show startup-configBuilding configuration...Current configuration:!version 12.0no service padno service password-encryption!hostname uBR904!no ip routing!interface Ethernet0no ip addressno ip route-cachebridge-group 59bridge-group 59 spanning-disabled!interface cable-modem0no ip addressno ip route-cacheno keepalivecable-modem downstream saved channel 699000000 36bridge-group 59bridge-group 59 spanning-disabled!ip classless!line con 0line vty 0 4login!endCustomizing the Cable Modem Interface
Different geographical regions and different cable plants use different frequency bands. The Cisco uBR904 cable modem uses a built-in default frequency scanning feature to address this issue. After the cable modem finds a successful downstream frequency channel, it saves the channel and power setting to NVRAM. The cable modem recalls this value the next time it needs to synchronize its frequency or register with the cable service provider's CMTS.
However, you can customize the cable modem's interface configuration if you need to deviate from the default setting that ships with the modem. For example, you might need to specify a different compliant mode, modify the saved downstream channel setting and upstream power value, or enable a faster downstream search algorithm.
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To customize the cable modem interface, perform the following tasks, starting in global configuration mode:
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uBR904(config)#interface cable-modem 0Specify cable modem interface 0.
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uBR904(config-if)#cable-modem compliant bridgeEnable DOCSIS-compliant bridging.
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Modify the saved downstream channel setting and upstream power value. If you do this, you must specify an exact downstream frequency and a power value.1
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Enable a faster downstream search algorithm.
1 Use the no cable-modem downstream saved channel ds-frequency us-power command to remove a saved frequency and power setting from NVRAM.
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Configuration Examples
Sample Bridging Configuration
This is a typical bridging configuration for a single PC connected to the Cisco uBR904 cable modem. Note that the configuration for multiple PCs (maximum of three) is the same.
version 12.0no service padno service password-encryption!hostname uBR904!!no ip routing!!!interface Ethernet0no ip addressno ip route-cachebridge-group 59bridge-group 59 spanning-disabled!interface cable-modem0no ip addressno ip route-cacheno keepalivebridge-group 59bridge-group 59 spanning-disabled!ip classless!line con 0line vty 0 4login!endWhen the cable interface is up, the following lines are included in cable interface configuration:
ip address 172.16.1.40 255.255.0.0cable-modem downstream saved channel 699000000 34Sample Routing Configuration
This is a typical routing configuration for the Cisco uBR904 cable modem. Note that the cable IP address and downstream channel are configured automatically.
!version 12.0no service padno service password-encryption!hostname uBR904!!!!!interface Ethernet0ip address 4.0.0.33 255.0.0.0ip rip send version 2ip rip receive version 2!interface cable-modem0ip address 172.16.1.40 255.255.0.0ip rip send version 2ip rip receive version 2no keepalivecable-modem downstream saved channel 699000000 34no cable-modem compliant bridge!router ripnetwork 4.0.0.0network 188.188.0.0!ip classlessip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 172.16.1.1!line con 0line vty 0 4login!endCommand Reference
This section describes new and changed commands for the Cisco uBR904 cable modem for Cisco IOS Release 12.0(3)T.
All other commands used with this feature are documented in the Cisco IOS Release 12.0 command references.
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cable-modem compliant bridge
To enable DOCSIS-compliant transparent bridging for a cable modem interface at startup, use the cable-modem compliant command from interface configuration mode. Use the no form of this command to disable DOCSIS-compliant bridging for the interface.
cable-modem compliant bridge
no cable-modem compliant bridgeSyntax Description
This command has no arguments or keywords.
Default
Enabled
Command Mode
Interface configuration
Usage Guidelines
This command first appeared in Cisco IOS Release 11.3 NA.
It is normally not necessary to enter this command in data-over-cable bridging applications because DOCSIS-compliant bridging is enabled by default. If you wish to do full transparent bridging rather than DOCSIS-compliant bridging, use the no form of the command, then configure full transparent bridging using CLI commands. See the "Configuring Bridging" section for instructions.
Example
The following example shows how to enter the cable-modem compliant bridge command for a cable modem interface, starting from global configuration mode:
uBR904(config)# interface cable-modem 0uBR904(config-if)# cable-modem compliant bridgeuBR904(config-if)#Related Commands
cable-modem downstream saved channel
cable-modem fast-search
cable-modem upstream preamble qpsk
interface cable-modemcable-modem downstream saved channel
To modify the saved downstream channel setting and upstream power value on a cable modem interface, enter the cable-modem downstream saved channel command from interface configuration mode. Use the no form of this command to remove the saved settings, which will be resaved at the next initialization cycle.
cable-modem downstream saved channel ds-frequency us-power
no cable-modem downstream saved channel ds-frequency us-powerSyntax Description
ds-frequency
Downstream channel frequency in Hz, which can be from 91000000 to 860000000.
us-power
Upstream power level in decibels per millivolt (dBmV), which can be from 8 to 61.
Default
Enabled
Command Mode
Interface configuration
Usage Guidelines
This command first appeared in Cisco IOS Release 11.3 NA.
This command is auto-generated by the operation of the cable MAC layer process. The MCNS DOCSIS RFI specification requires that cable modems remember the downstream frequency and upstream power of the last successfully ranged session. These parameters are called up as the first downstream frequency and upstream power to use the next time the cable modem is booted. This operation dramatically speeds up the channel search.
Use the no cable-modem downstream saved channel ds-frequency us-power command to remove the saved frequency and power setting from the running configuration, which will be resaved at the next initialization cycle.
Cisco recommends that this command NOT be used by end users of the Cisco uBR904 cable modem.
Example
The following example shows how to remove the downstream frequency of 91000000 Hz and the upstream power level of 33 dBmV from the running configuration of a cable-modem interface, starting from global configuration mode.
uBR904(config)# interface cable-modem 0uBR904(config-if)# no cable-modem downstream saved channel 91000000 33uBR904(config-if)#Related Commands
cable-modem compliant bridge
cable-modem fast-search
cable-modem upstream preamble qpsk
interface cable-modemcable-modem fast-search
To enable a faster downstream search algorithm on a cable modem interface, use the cable-modem fast-search command from interface configuration mode. Use the no form of this command to disable the downstream fast-search feature.
cable-modem fast-search
no cable-modem fast-searchSyntax Description
There are no keywords or arguments for this command.
Default
Disabled
Command Mode
Interface configuration
Usage Guidelines
This command first appeared in Cisco IOS Release 11.3 NA.
This feature speeds up the frequency search performed by the cable modem. Normally it takes the cable modem about 30 to 50 seconds to sample 30 to 50 frequencies. The cable-modem fast-search command can reduce this search time. However, there might be some cases where this fast-search algorithm might not perform as well as the default algorithm. Trial and error is the only way to discover how well this feature works for your environment.
Example
The following example shows how to enter the cable-modem fast-search command, starting from global configuration mode:
uBR904(config)# interface cable-modem 0uBR904(config-if)# cable-modem fast-searchuBR904(config-if)#Related Commands
cable-modem compliant bridge
cable-modem downstream saved channel
cable-modem upstream preamble qpsk
interface cable-modemcable-modem upstream preamble qpsk
To enable the QPSK modulation scheme in the upstream direction from the cable modem interface to the headend, enter the cable-modem upstream preamble qpsk command from interface configuration mode. Use the no form of this command to disable upstream modulation for the interface.
cable-modem upstream preamble qpsk
no cable-modem upstream preamble qpskSyntax Description
This command has no arguments or keywords.
Default
Enabled
Command Mode
Interface configuration
Usage Guidelines
This command first appeared in Cisco IOS Release 11.3 NA.
Example
The following example shows how to enter the cable-modem upstream preamble qpsk command for a cable modem interface, starting from global configuration mode:
uBR904(config)# interface cable-modem 0uBR904(config-if)# cable-modem upstream preamble qpskuBR904(config-if)#Related Commands
cable-modem compliant bridge
cable-modem downstream saved channel
cable-modem fast-search
interface cable-modeminterface cable-modem
To specify the cable modem interface on a Cisco uBR904 cable modem, enter the interface cable-modem command from global configuration mode.
interface cable-modem number
Syntax Description
Default
Disabled
Command Mode
Global configuration
Usage Guidelines
This command first appeared in Cisco IOS Release 11.3 NA.
When this command is entered, the Cisco cable modem switches from global configuration mode to interface configuration mode.
Example
The following example brings up cable modem interface 0 and displays the available cable-modem interface configuration commands:
uBR904(config)# interface cable-modem 0uBR904(config-if)# cable-modem ?compliant Enter compliant modes for interfacedownstream Downstream channel characteristicsfast-search Enable/disable the DS fast searchupstream upstream channel characteristicsuBR904(config-if)#Related Commands
cable-modem compliant bridge
cable-modem downstream saved channel
cable-modem fast-search
cable-modem upstream preamble qpskshow bridge cable-modem
To display bridging information for a cable modem, enter the show bridge cable-modem command from privileged EXEC mode.
show bridge cable-modem number
Syntax Description
Command Mode
Privileged EXEC
Usage Guidelines
This command first appeared in Cisco IOS Release 11.3 NA.
Examples
Following is a sample output for this command:
uBR904# show bridge cable-modem 0Total of 300 station blocks, 298 freeCodes: P - permanent, S - selfBridge Group 59:describes the significant fields shown in the display.
Related Commands
show dhcp
show interfaces cable-modemshow dhcp
To display the current DHCP settings on point-to-point interfaces, enter the show dhcp command from privileged EXEC mode.
show dhcp {lease | server}
Syntax Description
Command Mode
Privileged EXEC
Usage Guidelines
You can use this command on any point-to-point type of interface that uses DHCP for temporary IP address allocation.
Examples
Following is sample output for the show dhcp lease command:
uBR904# show dhcp leaseTemp IP addr: 188.188.1.40 for peer on Interface: cable-modem0Temp sub net mask: 0.0.0.0DHCP Lease server: 4.0.0.32, state: 3 BoundDHCP transaction id: 2431Lease: 3600 secs, Renewal: 1800 secs, Rebind: 3150 secsTemp default-gateway addr: 188.188.1.1Next timer fires after: 00:58:01Retry count: 0 Client-ID: 0010.7b43.aa01describes the significant fields shown in the display.
