Table Of Contents

Basic Command-Line Interface Commands

disable

editing

enable

end

exit

full-help

help

history

history size

ip http access-class

ip http authentication

ip http port

ip http server

menu (EXEC)

show history

terminal editing

terminal full-help

terminal history

Basic Command-Line Interface Commands

---

This chapter describes the commands used to enter and exit the various Cisco IOS configuration command modes. It provides a description of the help command and help features, lists the command editing keys and functions, and details the command history feature.

You can abbreviate the syntax of Cisco IOS configuration commands. The software recognizes a command when you enter enough characters of the command to uniquely identify it.

For user interface task information and examples, see the "Using the Command-Line Interface" chapter of the Configuration Fundamentals Configuration Guide.

disable

To exit privileged EXEC mode and return to user EXEC mode, or exit to a lower privilege level, enter the disable EXEC command.

disable [level]

Syntax Description

level

(Optional) Specifies the user-privilege level.

Command Modes

EXEC

Command History

Release	Modification
10.0	This command was introduced.

Usage Guidelines

Up to 16 security levels can be configured using Cisco IOS. If such levels are configured on a system, using this command with the level option allows a user to exit to a lower security level. If a level is not specified, the user will exit to the user EXEC mode, which is the default.

---

Note There are five commands associated with privilege level 0: disable, enable, exit, help, and logout. If you configure AAA authorization for a privilege level greater than 0, these five commands will not be included in the privilege level command set.

---

Examples

The following example shows use of the disable command to exit from priviliged EXEC mode (indicated by a # after the router prompt) to user EXEC mode (indicated by a > router prompt):

Router# disable

Router>

Related Commands

Command	Description
enable	Enables higher privilege level access, such as privileged EXEC mode.

editing

To disable Cisco IOS enhanced editing features, use the no form of this line configuration command. To reenable these features for a particular line, use the editing form of this command.

editing

no editing

Syntax Description

This command has no arguments or keywords.

Defaults

Enabled

Command Modes

Line configuration

Command History

Release	Modification
10.0	This command was introduced.

Usage Guidelines

Enhanced editing features are, by default, enabled on the Cisco IOS. However, there may be situations in which a user may want to disable these features. The no form of this command disables these enhanced editing features, and the plain form of the command can be used to reenable these features.

Table 3 provides a description of the keys used to enter and edit commands when the editing features are enabled. Ctrl indicates the Control key. It must be pressed simultaneously with its associated letter key. Esc indicates the Escape key. It must be pressed first, followed by its associated letter key. Keys are case sensitive.

Table 3 Command Editing Keys and Functions

Keys	Function
Tab	Completes a partial command name entry. When you enter a unique set of characters and press the Tab key, the system completes the command name. If you enter a set of characters that could indicate more than one command, the system beeps to indicate an error. Enter a question mark (?) immediately following the partial command (no space). The system provides a list of commands that begin with that string.
Delete or Backspace	Erases the character to the left of the cursor.
Return	At the command line, pressing the Return key performs the function of processing a command. At the More prompt on a terminal screen, pressing the Return key scrolls down a line.
Space Bar	Allows you to see more output on the terminal screen. Press the space bar when you see the More prompt on the screen to display the next screen.
Left Arrow1	Moves the cursor one character to the left. When you enter a command that extends beyond a single line, you can press the Left Arrow key repeatedly to scroll back toward the system prompt and verify the beginning of the command entry.
Right Arrow1	Moves the cursor one character to the right.
Up Arrow1 or Ctrl-P	Recalls commands in the history buffer, beginning with the most recent command. Repeat the key sequence to recall successively older commands.
Down Arrow1 or Ctrl-N	Return to more recent commands in the history buffer after recalling commands with the Up Arrow or Ctrl-P. Repeat the key sequence to recall successively more recent commands.
Ctrl-A	Moves the cursor to the beginning of the line.
Ctrl-B	Moves the cursor back one character.
Ctrl-D	Deletes the character at the cursor.
Ctrl-E	Moves the cursor to the end of the command line.
Ctrl-F	Moves the cursor forward one character.
Ctrl-K	Deletes all characters from the cursor to the end of the command line.
Ctrl-L and Ctrl-R	Redisplays the system prompt and command line.
Ctrl-T	Transposes the character to the left of the cursor with the character located at the cursor.
Ctrl-U and Ctrl-X	Deletes all characters from the cursor back to the beginning of the command line.
Ctrl-V and Esc Q	Inserts a code to indicate to the system that the keystroke immediately following should be treated as a command entry, not as an editing key.
Ctrl-W	Deletes the word to the left of the cursor.
Ctrl-Y	Recalls the most recent entry in the delete buffer. The delete buffer contains the last ten items you have deleted or cut. Ctrl-Y can be used in conjunction with Esc Y.
Ctrl-Z	Ends configuration mode and returns you to the EXEC prompt.
Esc B	Moves the cursor back one word.
Esc C	Capitalizes the word from the cursor to the end of the word.
Esc D	Deletes from the cursor to the end of the word.
Esc F	Moves the cursor forward one word.
Esc L	Changes the word to lowercase at the cursor to the end of the word.
Esc U	Capitalizes from the cursor to the end of the word.
Esc Y	Recalls the next buffer entry. The buffer contains the last ten items you have deleted. Press Ctrl-Y first to recall the most recent entry. Then press Esc Y up to nine times to recall the remaining entries in the buffer. If you bypass an entry, continue to press Esc Y to cycle back to it.

1 The arrow keys function only with ANSI-compatible terminals.

Examples

The following example displays an enhanced editing mode disabled on line 3:

line 3

 no editing

Related Commands

Command	Description
terminal editing	Enables the enhanced editing mode on the local line.

enable

To enter privileged EXEC mode, or any other security level set by a system administrator, use the enable EXEC command.

enable [level]

Syntax Description

level

(Optional) Privileged level on which to log in.

Command Modes

EXEC

Command History

Release	Modification
10.0	This command was introduced.

Usage Guidelines

Entering privileged EXEC mode enables the use of privileged commands. Because many of the privileged commands set operating parameters, privileged access should be password-protected to prevent unauthorized use. If the system administrator has set a password with the enable password global configuration command, you are prompted to enter it before being allowed access to privileged EXEC mode. The password is case sensitive.

If an enable password has not been set, enable mode only can be accessed from the router console.

Security levels can be set by an administrator using the enable password and privilege level commands. Up to 16 privilege levels can be specified, using the numbers 0 through 15. Using these privilege levels, the administrator can allow or deny access to specific commands. Privilege level 0 is traditionally associated with normal EXEC mode, and privilege level 15 is traditionally associated with privileged EXEC mode.

For more information on defined privilege levels, see the "Passwords and Privileges" sections of the Cisco IOS Release 12.0 Security Configuration Guide and Security Command Reference.

If a level is not specified when entering the enable command, the user will enter the default mode of privileged EXEC (level 15).

---

Note The enable command is associated with privilege level 0. If you configure AAA authorization for a privilege level greater than 0, this command will not be included in the command set for that privilege level.

---

Examples

The following example displays the enable command being entered and a prompt to enter a password. The password is not displayed on the screen. After the user enters the correct password, the system enters privileged command mode, as indicated by the pound sign (#).

Router> enable

Password:

Router#

Related Commands

Command	Description
disable	Exits the user to lower privilege levels, such as returning to user EXEC mode from privileged EXEC mode.
enable password	Sets a local password to control access to various privilege levels.

end

To exit configuration mode, or any of the configuration submodes, use the end global configuration command.

end

Syntax Description

This command has no arguments or keywords.

Command Modes

Global configuration

Command History

Release	Modification
10.0	This command was introduced.

Usage Guidelines

You can also press Ctrl-Z to exit configuration mode.

Examples

The following example changes the name to george using the hostname global configuration command. Entering the end command causes the system to exit configuration mode and return to EXEC mode.

Router(config)# hostname george

george(config)# end

george#

Related Commands

Command	Description
hostname	Specifies or modify the host name for the network server.

exit

To exit any configuration mode or close an active terminal session and terminate the EXEC, use the exit command at the system prompt.

exit

Syntax Description

This command has no arguments or keywords.

Command Modes

Available in all command modes.

Command History

Release	Modification
10.0	This command was introduced.

Usage Guidelines

Use the exit command at the EXEC levels to exit the EXEC mode. Use the exit command at the configuration level to return to privileged EXEC mode. Use the exit command in interface, line, router, IPX-router, and route-map command modes to return to global configuration mode. Use the exit command in subinterface configuration mode to return to interface configuration mode. You also can press Ctrl-Z, or use the end command, from any configuration mode to return to privileged EXEC mode.

---

Note The exit command is associated with privilege level 0. If you configure AAA authorization for a privilege level greater than 0, this command will not be included in the command set for that privilege level.

---

Examples

The following example displays an exit from the subinterface configuration mode to return to the interface configuration mode:

Router(config-subif)# exit

Router(config-if)#

The following example shows how to exit an active session.

Router> exit

Related Commands

Command	Description
disconnect	Disconnects a line.
end	Exits configuration mode, or any of the configuration submodes.

full-help

To get help for the full set of user-level commands, use the full-help line configuration command.

full-help

Syntax Description

This command has no arguments or keywords.

Defaults

Disabled

Command Modes

Line configuration

Command History

Release	Modification
10.0	This command was introduced.

Usage Guidelines

The full-help command enables (or disables) an unprivileged user to see all of the help messages available. It is used with the show ? command.

Examples

The following example is output for the show ? command with full-help disabled and then enabled:

Router> show ?

  bootflash  Boot Flash information

  calendar   Display the hardware calendar

  clock      Display the system clock

  context    Show context information

  dialer     Dialer parameters and statistics

  history    Display the session command history

  hosts      IP domain-name, lookup style, nameservers, and host table

  isdn       ISDN information

  kerberos   Show Kerberos Values

  modemcap   Show Modem Capabilities database

  ppp        PPP parameters and statistics

  rmon       rmon statistics

  sessions   Information about Telnet connections

  snmp       snmp statistics

  terminal   Display terminal configuration parameters

  users      Display information about terminal lines

  version    System hardware and software status

Router> enable

Password:

Router# configure terminal

Enter configuration commands, one per line.  End with CNTL/Z.

Router(config)# line console 0

Router(config-line)# full-help

Router(config-line)# end

Router#

%SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by console

Router# disable

Router> show ?

  access-expression  List access expression

  access-lists       List access lists

  aliases            Display alias commands

  apollo             Apollo network information

  appletalk          AppleTalk information

  arp                ARP table

  async              Information on terminal lines used as router interfaces

  bootflash          Boot Flash information

  bridge             Bridge Forwarding/Filtering Database [verbose]

  bsc                BSC interface information

  bstun              BSTUN interface information

  buffers            Buffer pool statistics

  calendar           Display the hardware calendar

  ...

  translate          Protocol translation information

  ttycap             Terminal capability tables

  users              Display information about terminal lines

  version            System hardware and software status

  vines              VINES information

  vlans              Virtual LANs Information

  whoami             Info on current tty line

  x25                X.25 information

  xns                XNS information

  xremote            XRemote statistics

Related Commands

Command	Description
help	Displays a brief description of the help system.

help

To display a brief description of the help system, enter the help command.

help

Syntax Description

This command has no arguments or keywords.

Command Modes

Available in all command modes.

Command History

Release	Modification
10.0	This command was introduced.

Usage Guidelines

The help command provides a brief description of the context-sensitive help system.

•To list all commands available for a particular command mode, enter a question mark (?) at the system prompt.

•To obtain a list of commands that begin with a particular character string, enter the abbreviated command entry immediately followed by a question mark (?). This form of help is called word help, because it lists only the keywords or arguments that begin with the abbreviation you entered.

•To list a command's associated keywords or arguments, enter a question mark (?) in place of a keyword or argument on the command line. This form of help is called command syntax help, because it lists the keywords or arguments that apply based on the command, keywords, and arguments you have already entered.

---

Note The help command is associated with privilege level 0. If you configure AAA authorization for a privilege level greater than 0, this command will not be included in the command set for that privilege level.

---

Examples

The following example displays the help command giving a brief description of the help system:

Router# help

Help may be requested at any point in a command by entering

a question mark '?'. If nothing matches, the help list will

be empty and you must backup until entering a '?' shows the

available options.

Two styles of help are provided:

1. Full help is available when you are ready to enter a

   command argument (e.g. 'show ?') and describes each possible

   argument.

2. Partial help is provided when an abbreviated argument is entered

   and you want to know what arguments match the input

   (e.g. 'show pr?'.)

The following example shows how to use word help to display all the privileged EXEC commands that begin with the letters "co":

Router# co?

configure  connect  copy

The following example shows how to use command syntax help to display the next argument of a partially complete access-list command. One option is to add a wildcard mask. The <cr> symbol indicates that the other option is to press Return to execute the command.

Router(config)# access-list 99 deny 131.108.134.234 ?

  A.B.C.D  Mask of bits to ignore

<cr>

Related Commands

Command	Description
full-help	Gets help for the full set of user-level commands.

history

To enable the command history function, use the history line configuration command. To disable the command history feature, use the no form of this command.

history

no history

Syntax Description

This command has no arguments or keywords.

Defaults

Enabled, 10 command lines in buffer

Command Modes

Line configuration

Command History

Release	Modification
10.0	This command was introduced.

Usage Guidelines

The command history feature provides a record of EXEC commands that you have entered. This feature is particularly useful for recalling long or complex commands or entries, including access lists.

To chage the number of command lines that the system will record in its history buffer, use the history size command.

The history command enables the history function with the last buffer size specified or, if there was not a prior setting, with the default of 10 lines. The no history command disables the history feature.

The show history command will list the commands you have entered, but you can also use your keyboard to display individual commands. Table 4 lists the keys you can use to recall commands from the command history buffer.

Table 4 History Keys

Key	Functions
Ctrl-P or Up Arrow1	Recalls commands in the history buffer in a backward sequence, beginning with the most recent command. Repeat the key sequence to recall successively older commands.
Ctrl-N or Down Arrow1	Returns to more recent commands in the history buffer after recalling commands with Ctrl-P or the Up Arrow. Repeat the key sequence to recall successively more recent commands.

1 The arrow keys function only with ANSI-compatible terminals such as VT100s.

Examples

The following example displays line 4 configured with a history buffer size of 35 lines:

line 4

 history size 35

Related Commands

Command	Description
history size	Sets the command history buffer size for a particular line.
show history	Lists the commands you have entered in the current EXEC session.
terminal history	Enables the command history feature for the current terminal session or changes the size of the command history buffer for the current terminal session.

history size

To change the command history buffer size for a particular line, use the history size line configuration command. To reset the command histroy buffer size to 10 lines, use the no form of this command.

history size number-of-lines

no history size

Syntax Description

number-of-lines

Specifies the number of command lines that the system will record in its history buffer. The range is 0 to 256. The default is 10.

Defaults

10 command lines

Command Modes

Line configuration

Command History

Release	Modification
10.0	This command was introduced.

Usage Guidelines

The histroy size command should be used in conjunction with the history and show history commands. The history command enables or disables the command history function. The show history command lists the commands you have entered in the current EXEC session. The number of commands that the history buffer will show is set by the history size command.

---

Note The history size command only sets the size of the buffer; it does not re-enable the history feature. If the no history command is used, the history command must be used to reenable this feature.

---

Examples

The following example displays line 4 configured with a history buffer size of 35 lines:

line 4

 history size 35

Related Commands

Command	Description
history	Enables or disables the command history function.
show history	Lists the commands you have entered in the current EXEC session.
terminal history size	Enables the command history function for the current terminal session or changes the size of the command history buffer for the current terminal session.

ip http access-class

To assign an access list to the HTTP server used by the Cisco IOS ClickStart software or the Cisco Web browser interface, use the ip http access-class global configuration command. To remove the assigned access list, use the no form of this command.

ip http access-class {access-list-number | name}

no ip http access-class {access-list-number | name}

Syntax Description

access-list-number	Standard IP access list number in the range 0 to 99, as configured by the access-list (standard) command.
name	Name of a standard IP access list, as configured by the ip access-list command.

Defaults

There is no access list applied to the HTTP server.

Command Modes

Global configuration

Command History

Release	Modification
11.2	This command was introduced.

Usage Guidelines

If this command is configured, the specified access list is assigned to the HTTP server. Before the HTTP server accepts a connection, it checks the access list. If the check fails, the HTTP server does not accept the request for a connection.

Examples

The following example assigns the access list named marketing to the HTTP server:

ip http access-class marketing

ip access-list standard marketing

 permit 192.5.34.0  0.0.0.255

 permit 128.88.0.0  0.0.255.255

 permit 36.0.0.0  0.255.255.255

! (Note: all other access implicitly denied)

Related Commands

Command	Description
ip access-list	Defines an IP access list by name.
ip http server	Enables monitoring or configuring of routers using the Cisco Web Browser interface.

ip http authentication

Use the ip http authentication global configuration command to specify a particular authentication method for HTTP server users. Use the no form of this command to disable a configured authentication method.

ip http authentication {aaa | enable | local | tacacs}

no ip http authentication {aaa | enable | local | tacacs}

Syntax Description

aaa	Indicates that the AAA facility is used for authentication.
enable	Indicates that the enable password method, which is the default method of HTTP server user authentication, is used for authentication.
local	Indicates that the local user database as defined on the Cisco router or access server is used for authentication.
tacacs	Indicates that the TACACS or XTACACS server is used for authentication.

Defaults

The default method of authentication for the HTTP server interface is the enable password method.

Command Modes

Global configuration

Command History

Release	Modification
11.2 F	This command was introduced.

Usage Guidelines

The ip http authentication command specifies the authentication method to be used for login when a client connects to the HTTP server. Use of the ip http authentication aaa command option is recommended. The enable, local, and tacacs methods should be specified using the aaa authentication login command.

The "enable" password method is the default HTTP server authentication method. If the enable password is used as the HTTP server login authentication method, the client connects to the HTTP server with a default privilege level of 15.

---

Note When the "enable" password is used as the HTTP server login authentication method, any username entered will be ignored; the server will only verify the "enable" password. This may make it easier for an attacker to access the router. Because a username and password pair is more secure than using only a password for authentication, using only "enable" password for authentication is strongly discouraged. Instead, use of the local or tacacs authentication options, configured as part of a global Authentication, Authorization, and Accounting (AAA) framework, is recommended.
To configure HTTP access as part of a AAA policy, use the ip http authentication aaa command option. The "local", "tacacs", or "enable" authentication methods should then be configured using the aaa authentication login command.

---

For information about adding users into the local username database, refer to the Cisco IOS Security Configuration Guide.

Examples

The following example specifies that the method configured for AAA should be used for authentication for HTTP server users. The AAA login method is configured as the "local" username/password authentication method.

Router(config)# ip http authentication aaa 

Router(config)# aaa authentication login default local

Related Commands

Command	Description
ip http server	Enables a Cisco 1003, Cisco 1004, or Cisco 1005 router to be configured from a browser using the Cisco IOS ClickStart software, and enables any router to be monitored or have its configuration modified from a browser using the Cisco Web browser interface.

ip http port

To specify the port to be used by the Cisco IOS ClickStart software or the Cisco Web browser interface, use the ip http port global configuration command. To use the default port, use the no form of this command.

ip http port number

no ip http port

Syntax Description

number

Port number for use by ClickStart or the Cisco Web browser interface.

Defaults

80

Command Modes

Global configuration

Command History

Release	Modification
11.2	This command was introduced.

Usage Guidelines

Use this command if ClickStart or the Cisco Web browser interface cannot use port 80.

Examples

The following example configures the router so that you can use ClickStart or the Cisco Web browser interface via port 60:

ip http server

ip http port 60

Related Commands

Command	Description
ip http server	Enables a Cisco 1003, Cisco 1004, or Cisco 1005 router to be configured from a browser using the Cisco IOS ClickStart software, and enables any router to be monitored or have its configuration modified from a browser using the Cisco Web browser interface.

ip http server

To enable the Cisco Web browser interface on a router or access server, use the ip http server global configuration command. To disable this feature, use the no form of this command.

ip http server

no ip http server

Syntax Description

This command has no arguments or keywords.

Defaults

This feature is automatically enabled on Cisco 1003, Cisco 1004, and Cisco 1005 routers that have not yet been configured. For Cisco 1003, Cisco 1004, and Cisco 1005 routers that have already been configured, and for all other routers, this feature is disabled.

Command Modes

Global configuration

Command History

Release	Modification
11.2	This command was introduced.

Usage Guidelines

The Cisco Web browser interface (which enables your router to perform as an HTTP server) allows configuration and monitoring of a router or access server using any web browser. Enabling the Cisco Web browser interface also allows Cisco 1003, Cisco 1004, and Cisco 1005 routers to be configured from a browser using the Cisco IOS Click Start software.

To view the home page of the router, use a Web browser pointed to http://x.y.z.t, where x.y.z.t is the IP address of your router or access server, or, if a name has been set, use http://router-name. Varying forms of authentication for login can be set using the ip http authentication command, but the default login method is entering the enable password when prompted.

For information on accessing a router Web page at a privilege level other the the default of 15 (privileged EXEC mode), see the "Using the Cisco Web Browser to Issue Commands" section of the Configuration Funadmentals Configuration Guide.

Examples

The following example enables the Web (http) server on the router, allowing use of the Cisco Web browser interface to monitor the router and issue commands to it:

router(config)#ip http server

Related Commands

Command	Description
ip http access-class	Assigns an access list to the HTTP server used by the Cisco IOS ClickStart software or the Cisco Web browser interface.
ip http authentication	Specifies an authentication method for HTTP server users.
ip http port	Specifies the port to be used by the Cisco IOS ClickStart software or the Cisco Web browser interface.

menu (EXEC)

To display a pre-configured user menu, use the menu EXEC command.

menu name

Syntax Description

name	The name of the menu.

Command Modes

User EXEC mode or privileged EXEC mode

Command History

Release	Modification
10.0	This command was introduced.

Usage Guidelines

A user menu is a type of user interface where text descriptions of actions to be performed are displayed to the user, which the user can use to select services and functions without having to know the details of CLI (command-line interface) commands.

Menus can be created for users in global configuration mode, using the commands listed in the Related Commands table below. The description of these commands can be found in the "Connection, Menu, and System Banner Commands" chapter of this document.

A menu can be invoked at either the user or privileged EXEC level, but if an item in the menu contains a privileged EXEC command, the user must be logged in at the privileged level for the command to succeed.

Examples

The following example invokes a menu named OnRamp:

Router> menu OnRamp

      Welcome to OnRamp Internet Services

       Type a number to select an option;

            Type 9 to exit the menu.

1     Read email

2     UNIX Internet access

3     Resume UNIX connection

6     Resume next connection

9     Exit menu system

Related Commands

Command	Description
menu command	Specifies underlying commands for user interface menus.
menu clear-screen	Clears the terminal screen before displaying a menu.
menu default	Specifies the menu item to use as the default.
menu-exit	Specifics an exit option in a user menu. See the menu command command for details.
menu line-mode	Requires the user to press Enter after specifying an option number.
menu options	Sets options for items in user interface menus.
menu prompt	Specifies the prompt for a user interface menu.
menu single-space	Displays menu items single-spaced rather than double-spaced.
menu status-line	Displays a line of status information about the current user at the top of a menu
menu text	Specifies the text of a menu item in a user interface menu.
menu title	Creates a title, or banner, for a user menu.
no menu	Deletes a specified menu from a menu configuration.

show history

To list the commands you have entered in the current EXEC session, use the show history EXEC command.

show history

Syntax Description

This command has no arguments or keywords.

Command Modes

EXEC

Command History

Release	Modification
10.0	This command was introduced.

Usage Guidelines

The command history feature provides a record of EXEC commands you have entered. The number of commands that the history buffer will record is determined by the history size line configuration command or the terminal history size EXEC command.

Table 5 lists the keys and functions you can use to recall commands from the command history buffer.

 

Table 5 History Keys

Key	Function
Ctrl-P or Up Arrow	Recalls commands in the history buffer in a backward sequence, beginning with the most recent command. Repeat the key sequence to recall successively older commands.
Ctrl-N or Down Arrow	Returns to more recent commands in the history buffer after recalling commands with Ctrl-P or the Up Arrow. Repeat the key sequence to recall successively more recent commands.

 

Examples

The following is sample output from the show history command, which lists the commands the user has entered in EXEC mode for this session:

Router# show history

  help

  where

  show hosts

  show history

Router# 

Related Commands

Command	Description
history size	Enables the command history function, or changes the command history buffer size for a particular line.
terminal history size	Enables the command history feature for the current terminal session or change the size of the command history buffer for the current terminal session.

terminal editing

To enable the enhanced editing mode on the local line, use the terminal editing EXEC command. To disable the enhanced editing mode on the current line, use the no form of this command.

terminal editing

terminal no editing

Syntax Description

This command has no arguments or keywords.

Defaults

Enabled

Command Modes

EXEC

Command History

Release	Modification
10.0	This command was introduced.

Usage Guidelines

Table 6 provides a description of the keys used to enter and edit commands. Ctrl indicates the Control key. It must be pressed simultaneously with its associated letter key. Esc indicates the Escape key. It must be pressed first, followed by its associated letter key. Keys are not case sensitive.

Table 6 Command Editing Keys and Functions 

Keys	Function
Tab	Completes a partial command name entry. When you enter a unique set of characters and press the Tab key, the system completes the command name. If you enter a set of characters that could indicate more than one command, the system beeps to indicate an error. Enter a question mark (?) immediately following the partial command (no space). The system provides a list of commands that begin with that string.
Delete or Backspace	Erases the character to the left of the cursor.
Return	At the command line, pressing the Return key performs the function of processing, or carrying out, a command. At the More prompt on a terminal screen, pressing the Return key scrolls down a line.
Space Bar	Scrolls down a page on the terminal screen. Press the space bar when you see the More prompt on the screen to display the next screen.
Left arrow1	Moves the cursor one character to the left. When you enter a command that extends beyond a single line, you can continue to press the left arrow key at any time to scroll back toward the system prompt and verify the beginning of the command entry.
Right arrow1	Moves the cursor one character to the right.
Up arrow1 or Ctrl-P	Recalls commands in the history buffer, beginning with the most recent command. Repeat the key sequence to recall successively older commands.
Down arrow1 or Ctrl-N	Return to more recent commands in the history buffer after recalling commands with the Up arrow or Ctrl-P. Repeat the key sequence to recall successively more recent commands.
Ctrl-A	Moves the cursor to the beginning of the line.
Ctrl-B	Moves the cursor back one character.
Ctrl-D	Deletes the character at the cursor.
Ctrl-E	Moves the cursor to the end of the command line.
Ctrl-F	Moves the cursor forward one character.
Ctrl-K	Deletes all characters from the cursor to the end of the command line.
Ctrl-L and Ctrl-R	Redisplays the system prompt and command line.
Ctrl-T	Transposes the character to the left of the cursor with the character located at the cursor.
Ctrl-U and Ctrl-X	Deletes all characters from the cursor back to the beginning of the command line.
Ctrl-V and Esc Q	Inserts a code to indicate to the system that the key stroke immediately following should be treated as a command entry, not as an editing key.
Ctrl-W	Deletes the word to the left of the cursor.
Ctrl-Y	Recalls the most recent entry in the delete buffer. The delete buffer contains the last ten items you have deleted or cut. Ctrl-Y can be used in conjunction with Esc Y.
Ctrl-Z	Ends configuration mode and returns you to the EXEC prompt.
Esc B	Moves the cursor back one word.
Esc C	Capitalizes the word at the cursor.
Esc D	Deletes from the cursor to the end of the word.
Esc F	Moves the cursor forward one word.
Esc L	Changes the word at the cursor to lowercase.
Esc U	Capitalizes from the cursor to the end of the word.
Esc Y	Recalls the next buffer entry. The buffer contains the last ten items you have deleted. Press Ctrl-Y first to recall the most recent entry. Then press Esc Y up to nine times to recall the remaining entries in the buffer. If you bypass an entry, continue to press Esc Y to cycle back to it.

1 The arrow keys function only with ANSI-compatible terminals.

Examples

The following example displays enhanced mode editing re-enabled for the current terminal session:

terminal editing

Related Commands

Command	Description
editing	Reenables enhanced editing mode for a particular line.

terminal full-help

To get help for the full set of user-level commands, use the terminal full-help EXEC command.

terminal full-help

Syntax Description

This command has no arguments or keywords.

Defaults

Disabled

Command Modes

EXEC

Command History

Release	Modification
10.0	This command was introduced.

Usage Guidelines

The terminal full-help command enables (or disables) a user to see all of the help messages available from the terminal. It is used with the show ? command.

Examples

The following example displays output for the show ? command with terminal full-help disabled and then enabled:

Router> show ?

  bootflash  Boot Flash information

  calendar   Display the hardware calendar

  clock      Display the system clock

  context    Show context information

  dialer     Dialer parameters and statistics

  history    Display the session command history

  hosts      IP domain-name, lookup style, nameservers, and host table

  isdn       ISDN information

  kerberos   Show Kerberos Values

  modemcap   Show Modem Capabilities database

  ppp        PPP parameters and statistics

  rmon       rmon statistics

  sessions   Information about Telnet connections

  snmp       snmp statistics

  terminal   Display terminal configuration parameters

  users      Display information about terminal lines

  version    System hardware and software status

Router> terminal full-help

Router> show ?

  access-expression  List access expression

  access-lists       List access lists

  aliases            Display alias commands

  apollo             Apollo network information

  appletalk          AppleTalk information

  arp                ARP table

  async              Information on terminal lines used as router interfaces

  bootflash          Boot Flash information

  bridge             Bridge Forwarding/Filtering Database [verbose]

  bsc                BSC interface information

  bstun              BSTUN interface information

  buffers            Buffer pool statistics

  calendar           Display the hardware calendar

  cdp                CDP information

  clns               CLNS network information

  clock              Display the system clock

  cls                DLC user information

  cmns               Connection-Mode networking services (CMNS) information

  compress           Show compression statistics.

  ...

  x25                X.25 information

  xns                XNS information

  xremote            XRemote statistics

Related Commands

Command	Description
full-help	Gets help for the full set of user-level commands.
help	Displays a brief description of the help system.

terminal history

To enable the command history feature for the current terminal session or change the size of the command history buffer for the current terminal session, use the terminal history EXEC command. To disable the command history feature or reset the command history buffer to its default size, use the no form of this command.

terminal history [size number-of-lines]

terminal no history [size]

Syntax Description

size	(Optional) Sets command history buffer size.
number-of-lines	(Optional) Specifies the number of command lines that the system will record in its history buffer. The range is 0 to 256. The default is 10.

Defaults

10 lines

Command Modes

EXEC

Command History

Release	Modification
10.0	This command was introduced.

Usage Guidelines

The terminal history command without the size keyword and argument enables the command history feature with the last buffer size specified or the default size. The terminal no history command without the size keyword disables the command history feature. The terminal no history size command resets the buffer size to the default of 10 command lines.

The terminal history command provides a record of EXEC commands you have entered. This feature is particularly useful to recall long or complex commands or entries, including access lists.

Table 7 lists the keys and functions you can use to recall commands from the history buffer.

Table 7 History Keys

Key	Function
Ctrl-P or Up Arrow1	Recalls commands in the history buffer in a backward sequence, beginning with the most recent command. Repeat the key sequence to recall successively older commands.
Ctrl-N or Down Arrow1	Returns to more recent commands in the history buffer after recalling commands with Ctrl-P or the up arrow. Repeat the key sequence to recall successively more recent commands.

1 The arrow keys function only with ANSI-compatible terminals such as VT100s.

Examples

The following example displays the number of command lines recorded is set to 15 for the local line:

terminal history size 15

Related Commands

Command	Description
history	Enables the command history function, or changes the command history buffer size for a particular line.
show history	Lists the commands you have entered in the current EXEC session.