Table Of Contents
Flash Memory File System Types
Router Memory Commands
This chapter provides detailed descriptions of the commands used to maintain router memory in Cisco IOS Release 12.0.
For configuration information and examples, refer to the "Maintaining Router Memory" chapter in the Cisco IOS Release 12.0 Configuration Fundamentals Configuration Guide.
Flash Memory File System Types
Cisco platforms use one of three different Flash memory file system types. Some commands are supported on only one or two file system types. This chapter notes commands that are not supported on all file system types.
Refer to Table 24 to determine which Flash memory file system type your platform uses.
Replaced Commands
Commands in this chapter that have been replaced by new commands continue to perform their normal functions in the current release but are no longer documented. Support for these commands will cease in a future release. Table 25 maps the old commands with their replacements.
configure network
The copy source-url system:running-config command replaces the configure network command. Refer to the description of the copy command for further details.
copy
To copy any file from a source to a destination, use the copy EXEC command.
copy [/erase] source-url destination-url
Syntax Description
Command Modes
EXEC
Command History
Usage Guidelines
The exact format of the source and destination URLs varies according to the file or directory location. You may enter either a keyword for a particular file or a prefix for a file system type (not a file within a type).
Table 26 specifies two keyword shortcuts to URLs.
The next tables list prefixes by file system type. If you do not specify a prefix, the router looks for a file in the current directory.
Table 27 lists URL prefixes for Special (opaque) file systems. Table 28 lists them for network file systems, andTable 29 lists them for local writable storage.
You can enter on the command line all necessary source- and destination- URL information and the username and password to use, or you can enter copy and have the router prompt you for any missing information.
If you enter information, choose one of the following three: running-config, startup-config, or a file system prefix (See tables above.) The location of a file system dictates the format of the source or destination URL.
The colon is required after the prefix. However, earlier commands, not requiring a colon, will remain supported, but unavailable in context-sensitive help.
The entire copying process may take several minutes and differs from protocol to protocol and from network to network.
In the prefix syntax for ftp:, rcp:, and tftp: the location is either an IP address or a host name. The filename is specified relative to the directory used for file transfers.
This section contains usage guidelines for the following topics:
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Understanding Invalid Combinations of Source and Destination
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Understanding Invalid Combinations of Source and Destination
Some invalid combinations of source and destination exist. Specifically, you cannot copy:
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Understanding Character Descriptions
Table 30 describes the characters that you may see during processing of the copy command.
Understanding Partitions
You cannot copy an image or configuration file to a Flash partition from which you are currently running. For example, if partition 1 is running the current system image, copy the configuration file or image to partition 2. Otherwise, the copy operation will fail.
You can identify the available Flash partitions by entering the show file system command.
Using rcp
The rcp protocol requires a client to send a remote username upon each rcp request to a server. When you copy a configuration file or image between the router and a server using rcp, the Cisco IOS software sends the first valid username in the following list:
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For the rcp copy request to process successfully, an account must be defined on the network server for the remote username. If the network administrator of the destination server did not establish an account for the remote username, this command will not run successfully. If the server has a directory structure, the configuration file or image is written to or copied from the directory associated with the remote username on the server. For example, if the system image resides in the home directory of a user on the server, specify that user's name as the remote username.
If you are writing to the server, the rcp server must be properly configured to accept the rcp write request from the user on the router. For UNIX systems, add an entry to the .rhosts file for the remote user on the rcp server. Suppose the router contains the following configuration lines:
hostname Rtr1ip rcmd remote-username User0If the router's IP address translates to Router1.company.com, then the .rhosts file for User0 on the rcp server should contain the following line:
Router1.company.com Rtr1Refer to the documentation for your rcp server for more details.
If you are using a personal computer as a file server, the computer must support rsh.
Using FTP
The FTP protocol requires a client to send a remote username and password upon each FTP request to a server. When you copy a configuration file from the router to a server using FTP, the Cisco IOS software sends the first valid username in the following list:
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The router send the first valid password in the following list:
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The username and password must be associated with an account on the FTP server. If you are writing to the server, the FTP server must be properly configured to accept the FTP write request from the user on the router.
If the server has a directory structure, the configuration file or image is written to or copied from the directory associated with the username on the server. For example, if the system image resides in the home directory of a user on the server, specify that user's name as the remote username.
Refer to the documentation for your FTP server for more details.
Use the ip ftp username and ip ftp password commands to specify a username and password for all copies. Include the username in the copy command if you want to specify a username for that copy operation only.
Storing Images on Servers
Use the copy flash: destination-url command (for example, copy flash: tftp:) to copy a system image or boot image from Flash memory to a network server. Use the copy of the image as a backup copy. Also, use it to verify that the copy in Flash memory is the same as that in the original file.
Copying from a Server to Flash Memory
Use the copy destination-url flash: command (for example, copy tftp: flash:) to copy an image from a server to Flash memory.
On Class B file system platforms, the system provides an option to erase existing Flash memory before writing onto it.
Caution
Verifying Images
When copying a new image to your router, you should confirm that the image was not corrupted during the copy process. Depending on the destination filesystem type, a checksum for the image file may be displayed when the copy command completes. You can verify this checksum by comparing it to the checksum value provided for your image file on Cisco.com.
An alternate method for file verification is to use the UNIX 'diff' command.This method can also be applied to file types other than Cisco IOS images. If you suspect that a file is corrupted, copy the suspect file and the original file to a Unix server. (The file names may need to be modified if you try to save the files in the same directory.) Then run the Unix 'diff' command on the two files. If there is no difference, then the file has not been corrupted.
Copying a Configuration File from a Server to the Running Configuration
Use the copy {ftp: | rcp: | tftp:} system:running-config command to load a configuration file from a network server to the router's running configuration. The configuration will be added to the running configuration as if the commands were typed in the command line interface. Thus, the resulting configuration will be a combination of the previous running configuration and the loaded configuration file, with the loaded configuration file having precedence.
You can copy either a host configuration file or a network configuration file. Accept the default value of host to copy and load a host configuration file containing commands that apply to one network server in particular. Enter network to copy and load a network configuration file containing commands that apply to all network servers on a network.
Copying a Configuration File from a Server to the Startup Configuration
Use the copy {ftp: | rcp: | tftp:} nvram:startup-config command to copy a configuration file from a network server to the router's startup configuration. These commands replace the startup configuration file with the copied configuration file.
Storing the Running or Startup Configuration on a Server
Use the copy system:running-config {ftp: | rcp: | tftp:} command to copy the current configuration file to a network server using FTP, rcp, or TFTP. Use the copy nvram:startup-config {ftp: | rcp: | tftp:} command to copy the startup configuration file to a network server.
The configuration file copy can serve as a backup copy.
Saving the Running Configuration to the Startup Configuration
Use the copy system:running-config nvram:startup-config command to copy the running configuration to the startup configuration.
Caution
If you issue the copy system:running-config nvram:startup-config command from a bootstrap system image, a warning will instruct you to indicate whether you want your previous NVRAM configuration to be overwritten and configuration commands to be lost. This warning does not appear if NVRAM contains an invalid configuration or if the previous configuration in NVRAM was generated by a bootstrap system image.
On all platforms except Class A file system platforms, the copy system:running-config nvram:startup-config command copies the currently running configuration to NVRAM.
On the Class A Flash file system platforms, the copy system:running-config nvram:startup-config command copies the currently running configuration to the location specified by the CONFIG_FILE environment variable. This variable specifies the device and configuration file used for initialization. When the CONFIG_FILE environment variable points to NVRAM or when this variable does not exist (such as at first-time startup), the software writes the current configuration to NVRAM. If the current configuration is too large for NVRAM, the software displays a message and stops executing the command.
When the CONFIG_FILE environment variable specifies a valid device other than nvram: (that is, flash:, bootflash:, slot0:, or slot1:), the software writes the current configuration to the specified device and filename and stores a distilled version of the configuration in NVRAM. A distilled version is one that does not contain access list information. If NVRAM already contains a copy of a complete configuration, the router prompts you to confirm the copy.
Using CONFIG_FILE, BOOT, and BOOTLDR Environment Variables
For the Class A Flash file system platforms:
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To view the contents of environment variables, use the show bootvar command. To modify the CONFIG_FILE environment variable, use the boot config command. To modify the BOOTLDR environment variable use the boot bootldr command. To modify the BOOT environment variable, use the boot system command. To save your modifications, use the copy system:running-config nvram:startup-config command.
When the destination of a copy command is specified by the CONFIG_FILE or BOOTLDR environment variable, the router prompts you for confirmation before proceeding with the copy. When the destination is the only valid image in the BOOT environment variable, the router also prompts you for confirmation before proceeding with the copy.
Understanding High System Availability
High System Availability (HSA) refers to how quickly your router returns to an operational status after a failure occurs. On the Cisco 7507 and Cisco 7513, you can install two RSP cards in a single router to improve system availability.
On a Cisco 7507 or Cisco 7513 configured for HSA, if you copy a file to nvram:startup-configuration with automatic synchronization disabled, the system asks you if you also want to copy the file to the slave's startup configuration. The default answer is yes. If automatic synchronization is enabled, the system automatically copies the file to the slave's startup configuration each time you use a copy command with nvram:startup-configuration as the destination.
Examples
The following examples illustrate uses of the copy command. Depending on your platform, the output might be different from that shown in the examples.
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Copy an Image from a Server to Flash Memory Examples
The following three examples use a copy rcp:, copy tftp:, or copy ftp: command to copy an image from a server to Flash memory.
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In this example, a system image named file1 is copied from the remote rcp server with an IP address of 172.16.101.101 to Flash memory. On Class B file system platforms, the Cisco IOS software allows you to erase the contents of Flash memory first to ensure that enough Flash memory is available to accommodate the system image.
Router# copy rcp://netadmin@172.16.101.101/file1 flash:file1Destination file name [file1]?Accessing file 'file1' on 172.16.101.101...Loading file1 from 172.16.101.101 (via Ethernet0): ! [OK]Erase flash device before writing? [confirm]Flash contains files. Are you sure you want to erase? [confirm]Copy 'file1' from serveras 'file1' into Flash WITH erase? [yes/no] yesErasing device... eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee...erasedLoading file1 from 172.16.101.101 (via Ethernet0): ![OK - 984/8388608 bytes]Verifying checksum... OK (0x14B3)Flash copy took 0:00:01 [hh:mm:ss]•
In this example, a system image is copied into a partition of Flash memory. The system will prompt for a partition number only if there are two or more read/write partitions or one read-only and one read/write partition and dual Flash bank support in boot ROMs. If the partition entered is not valid, the process terminates. You can enter a partition number, a question mark (?) for a directory display of all partitions, or a question mark and a number (?number) for directory display of a particular partition. The default is the first read/write partition. In this case, the partition is read-only and has dual Flash bank support in boot ROM, so the system uses Flash Load Helper.
Router# copy tftp: flash:System flash partition information:Partition Size Used Free Bank-Size State Copy-Mode1 4096K 2048K 2048K 2048K Read Only RXBOOT-FLH2 4096K 2048K 2048K 2048K Read/Write Direct[Type ?<no> for partition directory; ? for full directory; q to abort]Which partition? [default = 2]**** NOTICE ****Flash load helper v1.0This process will accept the copy options and then terminatethe current system image to use the ROM based image for the copy.Routing functionality will not be available during that time.If you are logged in via telnet, this connection will terminate.Users with console access can see the results of the copy operation.---- ******** ----Proceed? [confirm]System flash directory, partition 1:File Length Name/status1 3459720 master/igs-bfpx.100-4.3[3459784 bytes used, 734520 available, 4194304 total]Address or name of remote host [255.255.255.255]? 172.16.1.1Source file name? master/igs-bfpx-100.4.3Destination file name [default = source name]?Loading master/igs-bfpx.100-4.3 from 172.16.1.111: !Erase flash device before writing? [confirm]Flash contains files. Are you sure? [confirm]Copy 'master/igs-bfpx.100-4.3' from TFTP serveras 'master/igs-bfpx.100-4.3' into Flash WITH erase? [yes/no] yes•
In the following example the file c3600-i-mz is copied from the rcp server at IP address 172.23.1.129 to the Flash memory card in slot 0 of a Cisco 3600 series router (which has only one partition). As the operation progresses, the Cisco IOS software prompts the user to erase the files on the PCMCIA (Flash memory) card to accommodate the incoming file. This entire operation takes 18 seconds to perform, as indicated at the end of the example.
Router# copy rcp: slot0:PCMCIA Slot0 flashPartition Size Used Free Bank-Size State Copy Mode1 4096K 3068K 1027K 4096K Read/Write Direct2 4096K 1671K 2424K 4096K Read/Write Direct3 4096K 0K 4095K 4096K Read/Write Direct4 4096K 3825K 270K 4096K Read/Write Direct[Type ?<no> for partition directory; ? for full directory; q to abort]Which partition? [default = 1]PCMCIA Slot0 flash directory, partition 1:File Length Name/status1 3142288 c3600-j-mz.test[3142352 bytes used, 1051952 available, 4194304 total]Address or name of remote host [172.23.1.129]?Source file name? /tftpboot/images/c3600-i-mzDestination file name [/tftpboot/images/c3600-i-mz]?Accessing file '/tftpboot/images/c3600-i-mz' on 172.23.1.129...Connected to 172.23.1.129Loading 1711088 byte file c3600-i-mz: ! [OK]Erase flash device before writing? [confirm]Flash contains files. Are you sure you want to erase? [confirm]Copy '/tftpboot/images/c3600-i-mz' from serveras '/tftpboot/images/c3600-i-mz' into Flash WITH erase? [yes/no] yesErasing device... eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee ...erasedConnected to 172.23.1.129Loading 1711088 byte file c3600-i-mz: !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!Verifying checksum... OK (0xF89A)Flash device copy took 00:00:18 [hh:mm:ss]Save a Copy of an Image on a Server Examples
The following four examples use copy commands to copy images to a server for storage.
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The following example copies a system image from Flash Memory to an rcp server using the default remote username. Because the rcp server address and filename are not included in the command, the router prompts for it.
Router# copy flash: rcp:IP address of remote host [255.255.255.255]? 172.16.13.110Name of file to copy? gsxxwriting gsxx - copy complete•
The following example copies an image from a particular partition of Flash memory to an rcp server using a remote username of netadmin1.
The system will prompt if there are two or more partitions. If the partition entered is not valid, the process terminates. You have the option to enter a partition number, a question mark (?) for a directory display of all partitions, or a question mark and a number (?number) for a directory display of a particular partition. The default is the first partition.
Router# configure terminalRouter# ip rcmd remote-username netadmin1Router# endRouter# copy flash: rcp:System flash partition information:Partition Size Used Free Bank-Size State Copy-Mode1 4096K 2048K 2048K 2048K Read Only RXBOOT-FLH2 4096K 2048K 2048K 2048K Read/Write Direct[Type ?<number> for partition directory; ? for full directory; q to abort]Which partition? [1] 2System flash directory, partition 2:File Length Name/status1 3459720 master/igs-bfpx.100-4.3[3459784 bytes used, 734520 available, 4194304 total]Address or name of remote host [ABC.CISCO.COM]?Source file name? master/igs-bfpx.100-4.3Destination file name [master/igs-bfpx.100-4.3]?Verifying checksum for 'master/igs-bfpx.100-4.3' (file # 1)... OKCopy 'master/igs-bfpx.100-4.3' from Flash to serveras 'master/igs-bfpx.100-4.3'? [yes/no] yes!!!!...Upload to server doneFlash copy took 0:00:00 [hh:mm:ss]•
The following example copies the file c3600-i-mz from partition 1 of the Flash memory card in slot 0 to an FTP server at IP address 172.23.1.129.
Router# show slot0: partition 1PCMCIA Slot0 flash directory, partition 1:File Length Name/status1 1711088 c3600-i-mz[1711152 bytes used, 2483152 available, 4194304 total]Router# copy slot0:1:c3600-i-mz ftp://myuser:mypass@172.23.1.129/c3600-i-mzVerifying checksum for '/tftpboot/cisco_rules/c3600-i-mz' (file # 1)... OKCopy '/tftpboot/cisco_rules/c3600-i-mz' from Flash to serveras 'c3700-i-mz'? [yes/no] yes!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!Upload to server doneFlash device copy took 00:00:23 [hh:mm:ss]•
The following example copies an image from boot Flash memory to a TFTP Server:
Router# copy bootflash:file1 tftp://192.168.117.23/file1Verifying checksum for 'file1' (file # 1)... OKCopy 'file1' from Flash to serveras 'file1'? [yes/no]y!!!!...Upload to server doneFlash copy took 0:00:00 [hh:mm:ss]Copy from a Server to the Running Configuration Example
The following example copies and runs a configuration filename host1-confg from the netadmin1 directory on the remote server with an IP address of 172.16.101.101.
Router# copy rcp://netadmin1@172.16.101.101/host1-confg system:running-configConfigure using host1-confg from 172.16.101.101? [confirm]Connected to 172.16.101.101Loading 1112 byte file host1-confg:![OK]Router#%SYS-5-CONFIG: Configured from host1-config by rcp from 172.16.101.101Copy from a Server to the Startup Configuration Example
The following example copies a configuration file host2-confg from a remote FTP server to the startup configuration. The IP address is172.16.101.101; the remote username is netadmin1; and the remote password is ftppass.
Router# copy ftp://netadmin1:ftppass@172.16.101.101/host2-confg nvram:startup-configConfigure using rtr2-confg from 172.16.101.101?[confirm]Connected to 172.16.101.101Loading 1112 byte file rtr2-confg:![OK][OK]Router#%SYS-5-CONFIG_NV:Non-volatile store configured from rtr2-config by FTP from 172.16.101.101Copy the Running Configuration to a Server Example
The following example specifies a remote username of netadmin1. Then it copies the running configuration file, named Rtr2-confg, to the netadmin1 directory on the remote host with an IP address of 172.16.101.101.
Router# configure terminalRouter(config)# ip rcmd remote-username netadmin1Router(config)# endRouter# copy system:running-config rcp:Remote host[]? 172.16.101.101Name of configuration file to write [Rtr2-confg]?Write file rtr2-confg on host 172.16.101.101?[confirm]Building configuration...[OK]Connected to 172.16.101.101Copy the Startup Configuration to a Server Example
The following example copies the startup configuration to a TFTP server:
Router# copy nvram:startup-config tftp:Remote host[]? 172.16.101.101Name of configuration file to write [rtr2-confg]? <cr>Write file rtr2-confg on host 172.16.101.101?[confirm] <cr>![OK]Save the Current Running Configuration Example
The following example copies the running configuration to the startup configuration. On a Class A Flash file system platform, this command copies the running configuration to the startup configuration specified by the CONFIG_FILE variable:
copy system:running-config nvram:startup-configThe following example shows the warning the system provides if you try to save configuration information from bootstrap into the system:
Router(boot)# copy system:running-config nvram:startup-configWarning: Attempting to overwrite an NVRAM configuration writtenby a full system image. This bootstrap software does not supportthe full configuration command set. If you perform this command now,some configuration commands may be lost.Overwrite the previous NVRAM configuration?[confirm]Enter no to escape writing the configuration information to memory.
Move Configuration Files to Other Locations Examples
On some routers, you can store copies of configuration files on a Flash memory device. Five examples follow:
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The following example copies the startup configuration file (specified by the CONFIG_FILE environment variable) to a Flash memory card inserted in slot 0:
copy nvram:startup-config slot0:router-confg•
The following example copies the running configuration from the router to the Flash memory PC card in slot 0:
Router# copy system:running-config slot0:karen2Building configuration...5267 bytes copied in 0.720 secs•
The following example copies the file ios-upgrade-1 from the Flash memory card in slot 0 to the running configuration:
Router# copy slot0:4:ios-upgrade-1 system:running-configCopy 'ios-upgrade-1' from flash deviceas 'running-config' ? [yes/no] yes•
The following example copies the router-image file from the Flash memory to the startup configuration:
copy flash:router-image nvram:startup-config•
This example copies the file running-config from the first partition in internal Flash memory to the Flash memory PC card in slot 1. The file's checksum is verified, and its copying time of 30 seconds is displayed.
Router# copy flash: slot1:System flashPartition Size Used Free Bank-Size State Copy Mode1 4096K 3070K 1025K 4096K Read/Write Direct2 16384K 1671K 14712K 8192K Read/Write Direct[Type ?<no> for partition directory; ? for full directory; q to abort]Which partition? [default = 1]System flash directory, partition 1:File Length Name/status1 3142748 dirt/images/mars-test/c3600-j-mz.latest2 850 running-config[3143728 bytes used, 1050576 available, 4194304 total]PCMCIA Slot1 flash directory:File Length Name/status1 1711088 dirt/images/c3600-i-mz2 850 running-config[1712068 bytes used, 2482236 available, 4194304 total]Source file name? running-configDestination file name [running-config]?Verifying checksum for 'running-config' (file # 2)... OKErase flash device before writing? [confirm]Flash contains files. Are you sure you want to erase? [confirm]Copy 'running-config' from flash: deviceas 'running-config' into slot1: device WITH erase? [yes/no] yesErasing device... eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee ...erased![OK - 850/4194304 bytes]Flash device copy took 00:00:30 [hh:mm:ss]Verifying checksum... OK (0x16)Copy an Image from the Master RSP Card to the Slave RSP Card Example
The following example copies the router-image file from the Flash memory card inserted in slot 1 of the master RSP card to slot 0 of the slave RSP card in the same router:
copy slot1:router-image slaveslot0:Related Commands
erase bootflash
The erase bootflash: and erase bootflash commands have identical function. Refer to the erase command for details.
erase flash
The erase flash: and erase flash commands have identical function. Refer to the erase command for details.
memory-size iomem
To reallocate the percentage of DRAM memory to use for I/O memory and processor memory on Cisco 3600 series routers, use the memory-size iomem global configuration command. The no form of this command reverts to the default allocation of 25 percent I/O memory and 75 percent processor memory.
memory-size iomem i/o-memory-percentage
no memory-size iomem i/o-memory-percentage
Syntax Description
i/o-memory-percentage
The percentage of DRAM allocated to I/O memory. The values permitted are 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 40, and 50 percent. A minimum of 4 MB of memory is required for I/O memory.
Defaults
The default allocation is 25 percent I/O memory and 75 percent processor memory.
Command Modes
Global configuration
Command History
Usage Guidelines
When you specify the percentage of I/O memory in the command line, processor memory automatically acquires the remaining percentage of DRAM memory.
Examples
The following example allocates 40 percent of the DRAM memory to I/O memory and the remaining 60 percent to processor memory.
Router# configure terminalEnter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.Router(config)# memory-size iomem 40Router(config)# exitRouter# copy system:running-config nvram:startup-configBuilding configuration...[OK]Router# reloadrommon 1 > bootprogram load complete, entry point: 0x80008000, size: 0x32ea24Self decompressing the image : ######################################################################################### ######################################################################################### #################################################################### [OK]partition
To separate Flash memory into partitions on Class B file system platforms, use the partition global configuration command. Use the no form of this command to undo partitioning and to restore Flash memory to one partition.
Cisco 1600 series and Cisco 3600 series
partition flash-filesystem: [number-of-partitions][partition-size]
no partition flash-filesystem:
All other Class B platforms
partition flash partitions [size1 size2]
no partition flash
Syntax Description
Defaults
Flash memory consists of one partition.
If the partition size is not specified, partitions of equal size are created.
Command Modes
Global configuration
Command History
Usage Guidelines
For the Cisco 1600 series and Cisco 3600 series, to undo partitioning, use the partition flash-filesystem:1 or no partition flash-filesystem: command. For other Class B platforms, use either the partition flash 1 or no partition flash command. If there are files in a partition other than the first, you must use the command erase flash-filesystem:partition-number to erase the partition before reverting to a single partition.
When creating two partitions, you must not truncate a file or cause a file to spill over into the second partition.
Examples
The following example creates two partitions of 4 MB each in Flash memory:
partition flash 2 4 4The following example divides the Flash memory card in slot 0 into two partitions, each 8 MB in size on the Cisco 3600:
Router# configure terminalEnter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.Router(config)# partition slot0: 2 8 8The following example creates four partitions of equal size in the card on a Cisco 1600 series:
Router# configure terminalEnter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.Router(config)# partition flash: 4show (Flash file system)
To display the layout and contents of a Flash memory file system, use the show EXEC command:
Class A Flash file systems
show flash-filesystem: [all | chips | filesys]
Class B Flash file systems
show flash-filesystem: [partition number] [all | chips | detailed | err | summary]
Class C Flash file systems
show flash-filesystem:
Syntax Description
Command Modes
EXEC
Command History
Usage Guidelines
If Flash memory is partitioned, the command displays the requested output for each partition, unless you use the partition keyword.
The command also specifies the location of the current image.
To display the contents of boot Flash memory, use the show bootflash: command as follows:
Class A Flash file systems
show bootflash: [all | chips | filesys]
Class B Flash file systems
show bootflash: [partition number] [all | chips | detailed | err]
To display the contents of internal Flash memory, use the show flash: command as follows:
Class A Flash file systems
show flash: [all | chips | filesys]
Class B Flash file systems
show flash: [partition number][all | chips | detailed | err | summary]
The show (Flash file system) command replaces the show flash devices command.
Examples
The output of the show command depends on the type of Flash file system you select. Types include flash:, bootflash:, slot0:, slot1:, slavebootflash:, slaveslot0:, and slaveslot1:.
This section contains examples of output from show flash:.
Although the examples below use flash: as the Flash file system, you may also use the other Flash file systems listed above.
Class A Flash File System
The following three examples show sample output for Class A Flash file systems. Table 31 describes the fields shown in the output.
The following is sample output from the show flash: command.
RouterA# show flash:-#- ED --type-- --crc--- -seek-- nlen -length- -----date/time------ name1 .. unknown 317FBA1B 4A0694 24 4720148 Aug 29 1997 17:49:36 hampton/nitro/c7200-j-mz2 .. unknown 9237F3FF 92C574 11 4767328 Oct 01 1997 18:42:53 c7200-js-mz3 .D unknown 71AB01F1 10C94E0 10 7982828 Oct 01 1997 18:48:14 rsp-jsv-mz4 .D unknown 96DACD45 10C97E0 8 639 Oct 02 1997 12:09:17 the_time5 .. unknown 96DACD45 10C9AE0 3 639 Oct 02 1997 12:09:32 the_time6 .D unknown 96DACD45 10C9DE0 8 639 Oct 02 1997 12:37:01 the_time7 .. unknown 96DACD45 10CA0E0 8 639 Oct 02 1997 12:37:13 the_time3104544 bytes available (17473760 bytes used)The following is sample output from the show flash: chips command:
RouterA# show flash: chips******** Intel Series 2+ Status/Register Dump ********ATTRIBUTE MEMORY REGISTERS:Config Option Reg (4000): 2Config Status Reg (4002): 0Card Status Reg (4100): 1Write Protect Reg (4104): 4Voltage Cntrl Reg (410C): 0Rdy/Busy Mode Reg (4140): 2COMMON MEMORY REGISTERS: Bank 0Intelligent ID Code : 8989A0A0Compatible Status Reg: 8080Global Status Reg: B0B0Block Status Regs:0 : B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B08 : B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B016 : B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B024 : B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B0COMMON MEMORY REGISTERS: Bank 1Intelligent ID Code : 8989A0A0Compatible Status Reg: 8080Global Status Reg: B0B0Block Status Regs:0 : B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B08 : B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B016 : B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B024 : B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B0COMMON MEMORY REGISTERS: Bank 2Intelligent ID Code : 8989A0A0Compatible Status Reg: 8080Global Status Reg: B0B0Block Status Regs:0 : B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B08 : B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B016 : B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B024 : B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B0COMMON MEMORY REGISTERS: Bank 3Intelligent ID Code : 8989A0A0Compatible Status Reg: 8080Global Status Reg: B0B0Block Status Regs:0 : B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B08 : B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B016 : B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B024 : B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B0COMMON MEMORY REGISTERS: Bank 4Intelligent ID Code : 8989A0A0Compatible Status Reg: 8080Global Status Reg: B0B0Block Status Regs:0 : B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B08 : B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B016 : B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B024 : B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B0The following is sample output from the show flash: filesys command:
RouterA# show flash: filesys-------- F I L E S Y S T E M S T A T U S --------Device Number = 0DEVICE INFO BLOCK:Magic Number = 6887635 File System Vers = 10000 (1.0)Length = 1400000 Sector Size = 20000Programming Algorithm = 4 Erased State = FFFFFFFFFile System Offset = 20000 Length = 13A0000MONLIB Offset = 100 Length = C730Bad Sector Map Offset = 1FFEC Length = 14Squeeze Log Offset = 13C0000 Length = 20000Squeeze Buffer Offset = 13E0000 Length = 20000Num Spare Sectors = 0Spares:STATUS INFO:WritableNO File Open for WriteComplete StatsNo Unrecovered ErrorsNo Squeeze in progressUSAGE INFO:Bytes Used = 10AA0E0 Bytes Available = 2F5F20Bad Sectors = 0 Spared Sectors = 0OK Files = 4 Bytes = 90C974Deleted Files = 3 Bytes = 79D3ECFiles w/Errors = 0 Bytes = 0Class B Flash File Systems
Table 35 describes fields in the sample output for Class B Flash file systems.
The following is sample output from the show flash: command:
RouterB> show flash:System flash directory:File Length Name/status1 4137888 c3640-c2is-mz.Feb24[4137952 bytes used, 12639264 available, 16777216 total]16384K bytes of processor board System flash (Read/Write)\The following example shows detailed information about the second partition in internal Flash memory:
RouterB# show flash: partition 2System flash directory, partition 2:File Length Name/status1 1711088 dirt/images/c3600-i-mz[1711152 bytes used, 15066064 available, 16777216 total]16384K bytes of processor board System flash (Read/Write)The following is sample output from the show flash: all command:
RouterB> show flash: allPartition Size Used Free Bank-Size State Copy Mode1 16384K 4040K 12343K 4096K Read/Write DirectSystem flash directory:File Length Name/statusaddr fcksum ccksum1 4137888 c3640-c2is-mz.Feb240x40 0xED65 0xED65[4137952 bytes used, 12639264 available, 16777216 total]16384K bytes of processor board System flash (Read/Write)Chip Bank Code Size Name1 1 01D5 1024KB AMD 29F0802 1 01D5 1024KB AMD 29F0803 1 01D5 1024KB AMD 29F0804 1 01D5 1024KB AMD 29F0801 2 01D5 1024KB AMD 29F0802 2 01D5 1024KB AMD 29F0803 2 01D5 1024KB AMD 29F0804 2 01D5 1024KB AMD 29F0801 3 01D5 1024KB AMD 29F0802 3 01D5 1024KB AMD 29F0803 3 01D5 1024KB AMD 29F0804 3 01D5 1024KB AMD 29F0801 4 01D5 1024KB AMD 29F0802 4 01D5 1024KB AMD 29F0803 4 01D5 1024KB AMD 29F0804 4 01D5 1024KB AMD 29F080The following is sample output from the show flash: all command on a router with Flash memory partitioned:
Router# show flash: allSystem flash partition information:Partition Size Used Free Bank-Size State Copy-Mode1 4096K 3459K 637K 4096K Read Only RXBOOT-FLH2 4096K 3224K 872K 4096K Read/Write DirectSystem flash directory, partition 1:File Length Name/statusaddr fcksum ccksum1 3459720 master/igs-bfpx.100-4.30x40 0x3DE1 0x3DE1[3459784 bytes used, 734520 available, 4194304 total]4096K bytes of processor board System flash (Read ONLY)Chip Bank Code Size Name1 1 89A2 1024KB INTEL 28F008SA2 1 89A2 1024KB INTEL 28F008SA3 1 89A2 1024KB INTEL 28F008SA4 1 89A2 1024KB INTEL 28F008SAExecuting current image from System flash [partition 1]System flash directory, partition2:File Length Name/statusaddr fcksum ccksum1 3224008 igs-kf.1000x40 0xEE91 0xEE91[3224072 bytes used, 970232 available, 4194304 total]4096K bytes of processor board System flash (Read/Write)Chip Bank Code Size Name1 2 89A2 1024KB INTEL 28F008SA2 2 89A2 1024KB INTEL 28F008SA3 2 89A2 1024KB INTEL 28F008SA4 2 89A2 1024KB INTEL 28F008SAThe following is sample output from the show flash: chips command:
RouterB> show flash: chips16384K bytes of processor board System flash (Read/Write)Chip Bank Code Size Name1 1 01D5 1024KB AMD 29F0802 1 01D5 1024KB AMD 29F0803 1 01D5 1024KB AMD 29F0804 1 01D5 1024KB AMD 29F0801 2 01D5 1024KB AMD 29F0802 2 01D5 1024KB AMD 29F0803 2 01D5 1024KB AMD 29F0804 2 01D5 1024KB AMD 29F0801 3 01D5 1024KB AMD 29F0802 3 01D5 1024KB AMD 29F0803 3 01D5 1024KB AMD 29F0804 3 01D5 1024KB AMD 29F0801 4 01D5 1024KB AMD 29F0802 4 01D5 1024KB AMD 29F0803 4 01D5 1024KB AMD 29F0804 4 01D5 1024KB AMD 29F080The following is sample output from the show flash: detailed command:
RouterB> show flash: detailedSystem flash directory:File Length Name/statusaddr fcksum ccksum1 4137888 c3640-c2is-mz.Feb240x40 0xED65 0xED65[4137952 bytes used, 12639264 available, 16777216 total]16384K bytes of processor board System flash (Read/Write)The following is sample output from the show flash: err command:
RouterB> show flash: errSystem flash directory:File Length Name/status1 4137888 c3640-c2is-mz.Feb24[4137952 bytes used, 12639264 available, 16777216 total]16384K bytes of processor board System flash (Read/Write)Chip Bank Code Size Name erase write1 1 01D5 1024KB AMD 29F080 0 02 1 01D5 1024KB AMD 29F080 0 03 1 01D5 1024KB AMD 29F080 0 04 1 01D5 1024KB AMD 29F080 0 01 2 01D5 1024KB AMD 29F080 0 02 2 01D5 1024KB AMD 29F080 0 03 2 01D5 1024KB AMD 29F080 0 04 2 01D5 1024KB AMD 29F080 0 01 3 01D5 1024KB AMD 29F080 0 02 3 01D5 1024KB AMD 29F080 0 03 3 01D5 1024KB AMD 29F080 0 04 3 01D5 1024KB AMD 29F080 0 01 4 01D5 1024KB AMD 29F080 0 02 4 01D5 1024KB AMD 29F080 0 03 4 01D5 1024KB AMD 29F080 0 04 4 01D5 1024KB AMD 29F080 0 0Refer to Table 32 for a description of the fields. The show flash: err command also displays two extra fields: erase and write. The erase field indications the number of erase errors. The write field indicates the number of write errors.
The following is sample output from the show flash summary command on a router with Flash memory partitioned. The partition in the Read Only state is the partition from which the Cisco IOS image is being executed.
Router# show flash summarySystem flash partition information:Partition Size Used Free Bank-Size State Copy-Mode1 4096K 2048K 2048K 2048K Read Only RXBOOT-FLH2 4096K 2048K 2048K 2048K Read/Write DirectRelated Commands
write memory
The copy system:running-config nvram: startup-config command replaces the write memory command. Refer to the copy command for further details.
write network
The copy system:running-config destination-url command replaces the write network command. Refer to the copy command for further details.
