Table Of Contents
Configuring a Router Using ClickStart Task List
DMS-100 Switch (Northern Telecom)
NI-1 Switch (supported by AT&T and Northern Telecom switches)
Verifying the TCP/IP Configuration
Ways to Provide an Ethernet Connection
Checking the Ethernet Connection
Troubleshooting ClickStart and the Router Configuration
Testing the Router Configuration
Issuing Cisco IOS Commands Using a Web Browser
How ClickStart Works (Optional)
Setting the Initial IP Address
Choosing Configuration Options
ClickStart Configuration Template
Features of the ClickStart Configuration
Using Setup for Configuration Changes
Setup Command Facility Task List
Use Setup After First-Time Startup
Use the Streamlined Setup Facility
Using ClickStart and Setup
Cisco IOS includes configuration tools that simplify the process of setting up the initial configuration of a router or access server. These tools are ClickStart and Setup. ClickStart is the most recent addition to the Cisco IOS. ClickStart enables you to configure and monitor a router using a World Wide Web browser.
This chapter is divided into two main sections:
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Using ClickStart
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Using ClickStart
This section describes how to use ClickStart. ClickStart is a Cisco IOS software feature that allows you to configure a router using a Web browser, such as Netscape. You can use ClickStart to configure a Cisco 1003, a Cisco 1004, or a Cisco 1005.
ClickStart can be used to configure a router to connect a small office or home PC to the Internet or to another network. In this environment, your PC is connected to the router via an Ethernet connection. You configure the router to dial your Internet service provider, and your Internet service provider supplies an ISDN, Frame Relay, or Asynchronous Serial connection to the Internet.This environment is illustrated in which shows a connection for an ISDN connection and an ISDN router.
Figure 13 Connecting a PC to the Internet through an Internet Service Provider
You do not need to have an extensive background in networks and routers to configure your router using ClickStart.
You can use ClickStart to configure a Cisco 1003 or Cisco 1004 ISDN router running Cisco IOS Release 11.0(6) or later software, or Cisco IOS Release 11.1(2) or later software. You can also use ClickStart to configure a Cisco 1005 Frame Relay or Asynchronous Serial router running Cisco IOS 11.1(5) or later software.
Configuring a Router Using ClickStart Task List
To configure a router using ClickStart, complete the tasks in the following sections:
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For detailed information about how ClickStart works, read the "How ClickStart Works (Optional)" section later in this chapter.
Gathering Information
If you are going to configure a Cisco 1003 or Cisco 1004 ISDN router, you need the following information before proceeding.
From your ISDN service provider, telephone company, or the administrator of your company's network, get the following information:
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From your Internet service provider, get the following information:
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Ordering Internet Service
To use a Cisco router, you must order internet service from your telephone company. The type of internet service you order depends on the type of Cisco router you have. If you have a Cisco 1003 or Cisco 1004 ISDN router, then you should order ISDN service. If you have a Cisco 1005 Frame Relay router, then you should order Frame Relay service. If you have a Cisco 1005 Asynchronous Serial router, then you should order Asynchronous Serial service.
To order internet service, order regular telephone service (sometimes referred to as POTS) with the desired internet service and billing options. Once your internet service is installed, plug the telephone into the phone jack.
Many times, you can simply tell your telephone company that you want ISDN service and they will install it correctly. This is common in Europe and fairly common in North America. The telephone company may ask you for specific information about the type of service you want. If they do, read the "Ordering ISDN Service" section that follows.
Ordering ISDN Service
If your telephone company asks for specific information about the type of ISDN service you want, find out from them which ISDN switch type they support.
In Europe, common switches are basic-net3, 1TR6, and VN3. Normally, you should be able to order ISDN service without needing to specify switch capabilities.
In North America, common switches are the 5ESS custom, DMS-100, and the NI-1. Information about the type of capabilities you should order for these switches is listed in the sections that follow.
5ESS Custom Switch (AT&T)
For data service only, order the following capabilities:
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If you have an ISDN telephone connected to the line, you can order voice and data service with the following capabilities:
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DMS-100 Switch (Northern Telecom)
Order the following capabilities:
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NI-1 Switch (supported by AT&T and Northern Telecom switches)
Order the following capabilities:
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Verifying the TCP/IP Configuration
The sections that follow contain specific instructions for how to verify the TCP/IP configuration on your system. There are instructions for each of the most common PC environments: on a Windows 3.11 PC, on a Windows 95 PC, on a Macintosh, and on a UNIX workstation.
On a Windows 3.11 PC
To verify the TCP/IP configuration on a PC running Windows 3.11, perform the following tasks:
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If you change any of these parameters from previous settings, you must either exit all the TCP/IP applications and restart them, or restart your PC.
On a Windows 95 PC
To verify the TCP/IP configuration on a PC running Windows 95, perform the following tasks by using the Network Control Panel and selecting the TCP/IP configuration information:
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If you change any of the TCP/IP parameters, you must restart your PC.
On a Macintosh
To verify the TCP/IP configuration on a Macintosh, perform the following tasks using the MacTCP Control Panel (Control Panels are in the Apple menu).
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If you change any of these parameters from previous settings, you must restart the Macintosh.
On a UNIX Workstation
From a UNIX workstation or PC, you cannot use ClickStart to configure your router for the first time because the router cannot discover its IP address. Instead, you must configure the router's IP address when you set up the router as follows:
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Setting Up the Router
To set up the router, perform the following tasks:
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If you are reconfiguring a router that already has a working configuration file, save the configuration file in a text file on your system. Then issue an erase startup-config command and restart the router.
Ways to Provide an Ethernet Connection
You can provide an Ethernet connection with one of the following:
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A hub is a device for connecting Ethernet ports when you have more than two devices on your Ethernet network. If you use a hub, use straight-through Ethernet cable.
To find out if you are using the correct cable, look at the two ends of the cable. The sequence of the colored wires should be the same for each connector.
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Use this cable to connect the router directly to your PC when the PC is the only device on your Ethernet network.
To find out if you are using the correct cable, look at the two ends of the cable. The sequence of the colored wires should be different for each connector.
Checking the Ethernet Connection
To check that the Ethernet connection is attached properly, do the following:
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Configuring the Router
Now you are ready to configure the router. You do this by completing the router EZ Setup form, which is located on the router.
Before you continue, make sure you have your list of ISDN and IP parameters handy. We suggest that you print a sample copy of the Router EZ Setup form and fill in all the values you want to enter on the form located on the router.
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To use ClickStart to configure the router software, follow these steps:
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http://new-router.cisco.comStep 3
This link displays the EZ Setup form, which you use to configure the router software.
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If your router has an ISDN interface, use the remote router name, remote phone number, remote CHAP password, ISDN switch type, ISDN interface speed, and SPIDs given to you by your service provider or network administrator.
If your router has a Frame Relay interface, use the IP address, netmask, and DLCI given to you by your service provider or network administrator.
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Enter the IP address and netmask of the Ethernet interface on the router. Use the IP address and netmask given to you by your service provider or network administrator. If your router has a Frame Relay interface, note that the IP address and netmask you enter in this step are different from those you entered in Step 5.
Enter the IP address of a DNS server.
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When you are done configuring the router, check the configuration.
Troubleshooting ClickStart and the Router Configuration
If you did not get to the router EZ Setup form on the router or if the router did not configure properly, try one or more of the following steps until you succeed in configuring the router:
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If, after completing these steps, the router is still not configured properly, contact the Cisco Technical Response Center (TRC).
Testing the Router Configuration
If you followed the directions when configuring the router, you created an HTTP bookmark to the router's home page when you configured the router. Use this bookmark to visit the router and try a few of the hyperlinks on the home page, such as the link to the show interfaces command.
If you forgot to create a bookmark, use the router's IP address to get to the router's home page. To do this, open a URL that looks like this:
http://10.0.0.l1/Change the 10.0.0.1 address to the IP address that you assigned your router.
Issuing Cisco IOS Commands Using a Web Browser
You can use a Web browser to issue Cisco IOS commands to your router. This functionality is not limited to Cisco 1003, Cisco 1004, and Cisco 1005 routers. You can use it on any access server or router running a current version of Cisco IOS Release 11.1 or 11.0 software.
If you have a Cisco 1003, Cisco 1004, or Cisco 1005 router, you can automatically use this functionality.
If you have any other Cisco router, you must enable this functionality before you can use it to issue commands to your router.
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How ClickStart Works (Optional)
This section provides the technical background for how ClickStart operates. In most cases, you do not need to understand the technical background in order to use ClickStart. This background information is provided primarily for network administrators. For more information about the terms used in this section, refer to the configuration guides for Cisco IOS Release 11.2.
When using a Web browser and ClickStart to configure a router, there are two broad issues:
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Setting the Initial IP Address
When using a Web browser to configure a router, the trickiest part is the initial configuration because the router does not yet have an IP address. Traditionally, you use protocols such as BOOTP or DHCP and their corresponding server programs to configure a router initially. In fact, the router can use BOOTP to get an initial IP address, and Windows NT has a DHCP server. However, using these protocols assumes you have a moderate degree of computer and networking expertise.
When a router without a valid configuration file in nonvolatile RAM (NVRAM) starts up, it attempts to locate a configuration file by using RARP, BOOTP, and the setup console dialog. The router can also get a configuration file using HTML.
Starting the browser initiates a transaction between the browser and the PC that identifies the IP address of the PC.
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Choosing Configuration Options
A second issue in configuring a router with a Web browser is that the Cisco IOS software can be configured with an enormous variety of options. While these options are useful for an experienced network manager, the sheer number of commands and possible approaches to configure even a simple dial-up ISDN router is a formidable barrier if you simply want to configure the router.
ClickStart translates the information you fill in on the EZ Setup form to a standard configuration template. The standard configuration assumes that you will dial only one destination and use PPP/CHAP and static routing. It requires values for the following parameters:
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ClickStart Configuration Template
ClickStart configures the router with the following configuration:
service timestamps debugservice timestamps log!hostname hostname!service password-encryptionenable-secret password passwordline vty 0 5password password!isdn switch-type switch-typeusername remote-name password remote-password!interface ethernet 0ip address ip-address ip-maskip helper-address dns-addressno lat enabledno mop enabled!interface bri 0ip unnumbered ethernet 0encapsulation pppdialer map ip 192.168.254.254 name remote-name speed 56 remote-numberisdn spid1 spid1isdn spid2 spid2ppp authentication chapdialer-group 1!ip classlessip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.168.254.254ip route 192.168.254.254 interface bri 0logging bufferedaccess-list 101 deny udp any any eq snmpaccess-list 101 deny udp any any eq ntpaccess-list 101 permit ip any anysnmp-server community public ROdialer-list 1 list 101!endFeatures of the ClickStart Configuration
This section further explains some of the features of the configuration used by ClickStart.
IP Address 191.168.254.254
The address 192.168.254.254 is specified in RFC 1597, Address Allocation for Private Internets. RFC 1597 addresses are available for private use. They are never used on the public Internet. Using unnumbered interfaces for the BRI results in the static routing and dialer map commands still needing an IP address. However, this address is never advertised outside the router and no packets are ever addressed to it.
logging buffered
ClickStart configures the logging buffered command and a few debug commands, such as debug dialer and debug isdn events, to simplify problem resolution. The debug commands are already in the log.
access-list
The dialer access lists allow any IP packets, except SNMP and NTP packets, to bring or keep up the link. In other words, SNMP and NTP packets are considered to be uninteresting and are ignored.
interface bri 0...dialer group 1...access-list 101 deny udp any any eq snmpaccess-list 101 deny udp any any eq ntpaccess-list 101 permit ip any anyip helper-address
Because the PC is configured with a DNS server address of 255.255.255.255, the local broadcast needs to be directed to the real address of the DNS server.
interface ethernet 0...ip helper-address dns-addressUsing Setup for Configuration Changes
The setup command facility is an interactive facility that allows you to perform first-time configuration and other basic configuration procedures on all routers. The facility prompts you to enter basic information needed to start a router functioning quickly and uneventfully.
Although the setup command facility is a quick way to "set up" a router, you can also use it after first-time startup to perform basic configuration changes. This section focuses on:
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Refer to your hardware platform's user guide for more information on how to use setup for first-time startup.
Whenever you use the setup command facility, be sure that you know the:
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Setup Command Facility Task List
You can perform the tasks in the following sections to make configuration changes using the setup command facility. Both tasks are optional.
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Use Setup After First-Time Startup
The command parser allows you to make very detailed changes to your configurations. However, some major configuration changes do not require the granularity provided by the command parser. In these cases, you can use setup command facility to make major enhancements to your configurations. For example, you might want to use setup to add a protocol suite, to make major addressing scheme changes, or to configure a newly installed interface. While you can use the command parser to make these major changes, the setup command facility provides you with a high-level view of the configuration and guides you through the configuration change process.
Additionally, if you are not familiar with Cisco products and the command parser, the setup command facility is a particularly valuable tool because it asks you the questions required to make configuration changes.
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To enter the setup command facility, perform the following task in privileged EXEC mode:
When you enter the setup command facility after first-time startup, an interactive dialog called the System Configuration Dialog appears on the system console screen. The System Configuration Dialog guides you through the configuration process. It prompts you first for global parameters and then for interface parameters. The values shown in brackets next to each prompt are the default values last set using either the setup command facility or the configure command.
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You must run through the entire System Configuration Dialog until you come to the item that you intend to change. To accept default settings for items that you do not want to change, press the Return key.
To return to the privileged EXEC prompt without making changes and without running through the entire System Configuration Dialog, press Ctrl-C.
The facility also provides help text for each prompt. To access help text, press the question mark (?) key at a prompt.
When you complete your changes, the setup command facility shows you the configuration command script that was created during the setup session. It also asks you if you want to use this configuration. If you answer Yes, the configuration is saved to NVRAM. If you answer No, the configuration is not saved and the process begins again. There is no default for this prompt; you must answer either Yes or No.
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The following example shows how to use the setup command facility to configure interface serial 0 and to add ARAP and IP/IPX PPP support on the asynchronous interfaces.
Router# setup--- System Configuration Dialog ---At any point you may enter a question mark '?' for help.Use ctrl-c to abort configuration dialog at any prompt.Default settings are in square brackets '[]'.Continue with configuration dialog? [yes]:First, would you like to see the current interface summary? [yes]:Interface IP-Address OK? Method Status ProtocolEthernet0 172.16.72.2 YES manual up upSerial0 unassigned YES not set administratively down downSerial1 172.16.72.2 YES not set up upConfiguring global parameters:Enter host name [Router]:The enable secret is a one-way cryptographic secret usedinstead of the enable password when it exists.Enter enable secret [<Use current secret>]:The enable password is used when there is no enable secretand when using older software and some boot images.Enter enable password [ww]:Enter virtual terminal password [ww]:Configure SNMP Network Management? [yes]:Community string [public]:Configure DECnet? [no]:Configure AppleTalk? [yes]:Multizone networks? [no]: yesConfigure IPX? [yes]:Configure IP? [yes]:Configure IGRP routing? [yes]:Your IGRP autonomous system number [15]:Configure Async lines? [yes]:Async line speed [9600]: 57600Configure for HW flow control? [yes]:Configure for modems? [yes/no]: yesConfigure for default chat script? [yes]: noConfigure for Dial-in IP SLIP/PPP access? [no]: yesConfigure for Dynamic IP addresses? [yes]: noConfigure Default IP addresses? [no]: yesConfigure for TCP Header Compression? [yes]: noConfigure for routing updates on async links? [no]:Configure for Async IPX? [yes]:Configure for Appletalk Remote Access? [yes]:AppleTalk Network for ARAP clients [1]: 20Zone name for ARAP clients [ARA Dialins]:Configuring interface parameters:Configuring interface Ethernet0:Is this interface in use? [yes]:Configure IP on this interface? [yes]:IP address for this interface [172.16.72.2]:Number of bits in subnet field [8]:Class B network is 172.16.0.0, 8 subnet bits; mask is /24Configure AppleTalk on this interface? [yes]:Extended AppleTalk network? [yes]:AppleTalk starting cable range [1]:AppleTalk ending cable range [1]:AppleTalk zone name [Sales]:AppleTalk additional zone name:Configure IPX on this interface? [yes]:IPX network number [1]:Configuring interface Serial0:Is this interface in use? [no]: yesConfigure IP on this interface? [no]: yesConfigure IP unnumbered on this interface? [no]: yesAssign to which interface [Ethernet0]:Configure AppleTalk on this interface? [no]: yesExtended AppleTalk network? [yes]:AppleTalk starting cable range [2]: 3AppleTalk ending cable range [3]: 3AppleTalk zone name [myzone]: ZZ SerialAppleTalk additional zone name:Configure IPX on this interface? [no]: yesIPX network number [2]: 3Configuring interface Serial1:Is this interface in use? [yes]:Configure IP on this interface? [yes]:Configure IP unnumbered on this interface? [yes]:Assign to which interface [Ethernet0]:Configure AppleTalk on this interface? [yes]:Extended AppleTalk network? [yes]:AppleTalk starting cable range [2]:AppleTalk ending cable range [2]:AppleTalk zone name [ZZ Serial]:AppleTalk additional zone name:Configure IPX on this interface? [yes]:IPX network number [2]:Configuring interface Async1:IPX network number [4]:Default client IP address for this interface [none]: 172.16.72.4Configuring interface Async2:IPX network number [5]:Default client IP address for this interface [172.16.72.5]:Configuring interface Async3:IPX network number [6]:Default client IP address for this interface [172.16.72.6]:Configuring interface Async4:IPX network number [7]:Default client IP address for this interface [172.16.72.7]:Configuring interface Async5:IPX network number [8]:Default client IP address for this interface [172.16.72.8]:Configuring interface Async6:IPX network number [9]:Default client IP address for this interface [172.16.72.9]:Configuring interface Async7:IPX network number [A]:Default client IP address for this interface [172.16.72.10]:Configuring interface Async8:IPX network number [B]:Default client IP address for this interface [172.16.72.11]:Configuring interface Async9:IPX network number [C]:Default client IP address for this interface [172.16.72.12]:Configuring interface Async10:IPX network number [D]:Default client IP address for this interface [172.16.72.13]:Configuring interface Async11:IPX network number [E]:Default client IP address for this interface [172.16.72.14]:Configuring interface Async12:IPX network number [F]:Default client IP address for this interface [172.16.72.15]:Configuring interface Async13:IPX network number [10]:Default client IP address for this interface [172.16.72.16]:Configuring interface Async14:IPX network number [11]:Default client IP address for this interface [172.16.72.17]:Configuring interface Async15:IPX network number [12]:Default client IP address for this interface [172.16.72.18]:Configuring interface Async16:IPX network number [13]:Default client IP address for this interface [172.16.72.19]:The following configuration command script was created:hostname Routerenable secret 5 $1$krIg$emfYm/1OwHVspDuS8Gy0K1enable password wwline vty 0 4password wwsnmp-server community public!no decnet routingappletalk routingipx routingip routing!line 1 16speed 57600flowcontrol hardwaremodem inout!arap network 20 ARA Dialinsline 1 16arap enableautoselect!! Turn off IPX to prevent network conflicts.interface Ethernet0no ipx networkinterface Serial0no ipx networkinterface Serial1no ipx network!interface Ethernet0ip address 172.16.72.2 255.255.255.0appletalk cable-range 1-1 1.204appletalk zone Salesipx network 1no mop enabled!interface Serial0no shutdownno ip addressip unnumbered Ethernet0appletalk cable-range 3-3appletalk zone ZZ Serialipx network 3no mop enabled!interface Serial1no ip addressip unnumbered Ethernet0appletalk cable-range 2-2 2.2appletalk zone ZZ Serialipx network 2no mop enabled!Interface Async1ipx network 4ip unnumbered Ethernet0peer default ip address 172.16.72.4async mode interactive!Interface Async2ipx network 5ip unnumbered Ethernet0peer default ip address 172.16.72.5async mode interactive!Interface Async3ipx network 6ip unnumbered Ethernet0peer default ip address 172.16.72.6async mode interactive!Interface Async4ipx network 7ip unnumbered Ethernet0peer default ip address 172.16.72.7async mode interactiveasync dynamic address!Interface Async5ipx network 8ip unnumbered Ethernet0peer default ip address 172.16.72.8async mode interactive!Interface Async6ipx network 9ip unnumbered Ethernet0peer default ip address 172.16.72.9async mode interactive!Interface Async7ipx network Aip unnumbered Ethernet0peer default ip address 172.16.72.10async mode interactive!Interface Async8ipx network Bip unnumbered Ethernet0peer default ip address 172.16.72.11async mode interactive!Interface Async9ipx network Cip unnumbered Ethernet0peer default ip address 172.16.72.12async mode interactive!Interface Async10ipx network Dip unnumbered Ethernet0peer default ip address 172.16.72.13async mode interactive!Interface Async11ipx network Eip unnumbered Ethernet0peer default ip address 172.16.72.14async mode interactive!Interface Async12ipx network Fip unnumbered Ethernet0peer default ip address 172.16.72.15async mode interactive!Interface Async13ipx network 10ip unnumbered Ethernet0peer default ip address 172.16.72.16async mode interactive!Interface Async14ipx network 11ip unnumbered Ethernet0peer default ip address 172.16.72.17async mode interactive!Interface Async15ipx network 12ip unnumbered Ethernet0peer default ip address 172.16.72.18async mode interactive!Interface Async16ipx network 13ip unnumbered Ethernet0peer default ip address 172.16.72.19async mode interactive!router igrp 15network 172.16.0.0!endUse this configuration? [yes/no]: yesBuilding configuration...Use the enabled mode 'configure' command to modify this configuration.Router#Use the Streamlined Setup Facility
The streamlined setup command facility is available only if your router is running from ROM monitor and has RXBOOT ROMs installed. The following routers can have this type of ROM installed:
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The streamlined setup command facility permits your router to load a system image from a network server when there are problems with the startup configuration. The Cisco IOS software automatically puts you in the streamlined setup command facility when your router is accidentally or intentionally rebooted (or you are attempting to load a system image from a network server) after any of the following circumstances:
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The streamlined setup command facility differs from the standard setup command facility because the streamlined facility does not ask you to configure global router parameters. You are prompted only to configure interface parameters, which permit your router to boot.
The following example shows a router entering the streamlined setup command facility:
--- System Configuration Dialog ---Default settings are in square brackets '[]'.Configuring interface IP parameters for netbooting:
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The streamlined setup command facility continues by prompting you for interface parameters for each installed interface. The facility asks if an interface is in use. If so, the facility then prompts you to provide an IP address and subnet mask bits for the interface. Enter the subnet mask bits as a decimal value, such as 5.
The following example shows the portion of the streamlined setup command facility that prompts for interface parameters. In the example, the facility is prompting for Ethernet0 interface parameters and Serial0 interface parameters:
Configuring interface Ethernet0:Is this interface in use? [yes]:Configure IP on this interface? [yes]:IP address for this interface: 192.195.78.50Number of bits in subnet field [0]: 5Class C network is 192.195.78.0, 5 subnet bits; mask is 255.255.255.248Configuring interface Serial0:Is this interface in use? [yes]:Configure IP on this interface? [yes]:IP address for this interface: 192.195.78.34Number of bits in subnet field [5]:Class C network is 192.195.78.0, 5 subnet bits; mask is 255.255.255.248The configuration information you provide on this screen is temporary and exists only so that you can proceed with booting your system. When you reload the system, your original configuration is left intact. If your startup configuration is corrupted, enter the setup command facility, and configure the basic parameters. Then issue the copy running-config startup-config command to write this configuration to NVRAM.
