Intelligent Services Gateway Configuration Guide, Cisco IOS Release 12.2SR
Configuring ISG Access for PPP Sessions
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Contents

Configuring ISG Access for PPP Sessions

Last Updated: June 12, 2011

Intelligent Services Gateway (ISG) is a Cisco IOS software feature set that provides a structured framework in which edge devices can deliver flexible and scalable services to subscribers. This document provides information about how to configure ISG access for Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP) subscribers.

Finding Feature Information

Your software release may not support all the features documented in this module. For the latest feature information and caveats, see the release notes for your platform and software release. To find information about the features documented in this module, and to see a list of the releases in which each feature is supported, see the Feature Information Table at the end of this document.

Use Cisco Feature Navigator to find information about platform support and Cisco software image support. To access Cisco Feature Navigator, go to www.cisco.com/go/cfn. An account on Cisco.com is not required.

Prerequisites for ISG Access for PPP Sessions

The specific access protocol that is being used must be provisioned on the interface.

If local PPP authentication is required, the ppp authentication command must be configured on the interface or virtual template.

The tasks and examples in this document assume that you know how to configure and use ISG control policies. See the module “Configuring ISG Control Policies” for information about how to configure control policies.

Restrictions for ISG Access for PPP Sessions

The idle timeout value configured with the ppp timeout idle command in a virtual template applies to a PPP session even when the session is forwarded.

On Cisco 10000 Series Aggregation Services Routers:
  • Modular quality of service (QoS) CLI (MQC) policies and ISG policies cannot be configured at the same time for PPPoX sessions. For example, you cannot apply an MQC policy and an ISG policy (either statically or through RADIUS) to a virtual-template interface for a PPPoX session.
  • In Cisco IOS Release 12.2(31)SB, some Point-to-Point Protocol over Ethernet (PPPoE) sessions are not assigned an IP address on the new active Route Processor (RP) because the PPPoE session is checkpointed (saved) after the switchover even if a virtual routing and forwarding (VRF) instance is applied to the session through a service profile. In Cisco IOS Release 12.2(31)SB19 and later releases, a PPPoE session will not come up on the new active RP if a VRF is applied to the session through a service profile.

Information About ISG Access for PPP Sessions

Overview of ISG Access for PPP Sessions

Layer 2 sessions are established by means of control protocols that operate between the peer entities and the ISG device. Typically, Layer 2 sessions are encapsulated to isolate them from other sessions on the same physical media.

Although the system provides default handling for Layer 2 sessions, you may want to configure policies to forward or locally terminate the protocol or to locally authenticate subscribers on the basis of identity data that is collected from the access protocol. ISG control policies can be configured to extract identity and credentials of peer entities from access protocols. This mechanism allows services to be provisioned for Layer 2 sessions on the basis of any identity pertaining to the session, whether explicitly provided via the protocol or native to the underlying media or access port.

ISG supports the following Layer 2 access protocols:

  • PPP
  • PPP over Ethernet (PPPoE)
  • PPP over ATM (PPPoA)
  • Layer 2 Tunnel Protocol (L2TP)
  • Layer 2 Forwarding (L2F) Protocol

ISG Subscriber IP Address Management for PPP Sessions

ISG subscriber IP address management applies to IP sessions or Layer 2 (PPP) sessions that are terminated locally.

For a subscriber to be routable within a given IP service domain, the subscriber must present a domain-specific IP address to the network. If a subscriber transfers between IP service domains (which includes any private domain managed by the access provider), the IP address presented to the network must change to reflect the new domain. For locally terminated PPP sessions, ISG supports the following methods of IP address assignment:

  • IP address in a user profile
  • IP subnet in a user profile
  • Named address pool in a user profile
  • Local address pools
  • Standard methods of IP address management for PPP

When a locally terminated PPP session is transferred from one virtual routing and forwarding (VRF) instance to another VRF, the peer IP address is renegotiated using IPCP.

VRF Transfer for PPP Sessions

VRF transfer enables an ISG subscriber session to move from one VRF to another following selection of a new primary service. Once a PPP session comes up with the IP address from the network access point (NAP), the subscriber can access a web portal and choose a service provider. On VRF transfers in PPP sessions, ISG must reassign the IP address from the new domain to the PPP session. In PPP sessions, the IP address is reassigned by IP Control Protocol (IPCP) renegotiation.

Without PPP renegotiation, VRF transfer is not supported for PPP sessions.

Default Policy for ISG Access for PPP Sessions

ISG provides default handling of Layer 2 sessions in the absence of a configured control policy. If the vpdn enable command is configured and a domain name is specified in the username (for example, user@domain) or a Dialed Number Identification Service (DNIS) number has been provided, the system will perform authorization on the basis of this information. If virtual private dialup network (VPDN) tunnel information is found, the session will be forwarded for handling at an L2TP network server (LNS). If authentication is required by the remote LNS, the ppp authentication command must be configured at the PPP interface or virtual template. If the vpdn authen-before-forward command is configured, the system will attempt to authenticate the PPP session locally before forwarding it on to the LNS.

If tunnel information is not found for the domain name or DNIS or the vpdn enable command is not configured, Stack Group Bidding Protocol (SGBP) authorization will be attempted (if SGBP is configured). If no authorization information is located using SGBP, the PPP session will be terminated locally. Local termination means that the PPP session will be established between the peer and the ISG device, and the IP payload will be routed. In the latter case, authentication will occur only if the ppp authentication command is configured on the PPP interface or virtual template.

If an ISG control policy is defined for the session-start event, that policy will override the default handling.

Benefits of Using ISG Control Policies for PPP Sessions

ISG provides a flexible approach to service determination for Layer 2 sessions by providing control over the extraction of identity information and credentials from peer entities via access protocols. If a service decision can be made, for example, on the basis of the ATM permanent virtual circuit (PVC) on which a call request arrives, it may not be necessary to run the control protocol to completion before establishing the session and providing the service. This approach helps conserve local resources and improves call setup times.

How to Configure ISG Access for PPP Sessions Using Control Policies

To configure ISG Layer 2 access, perform the following steps:

  1. Decide how you want Layer 2 session handling to be influenced by subscriber identity. Do you want to forward the protocol or terminate it locally? Do you want to authenticate subscribers locally?
  2. Configure control policies to provide Layer 2 session handling. See the module "Configuring ISG Control Policies" for information about how to configure control policies. See the "Configuration Examples for ISG Access for PPP Sessions" section for an example of a control policy for Layer 2 access.
  3. Enable ISG VRF transfer for PPP sessions.
  4. Verify and troubleshoot the configuration as needed.

This section contains the following tasks:

Enabling ISG VRF Transfer for PPP Sessions

VRF transfer enables an ISG subscriber session to move from one VRF to another when a new primary service is activated for a session. Services can be configured in service profiles on an external authentication, authorization, and accounting (AAA) server or they can be configured on the ISG device in service policy maps. Perform this task to configure a VRF in a service policy map on the ISG device.

Before You Begin

This procedure assumes that you have configured support for PPP sessions by configuring a virtual template and method of IP address allocation. Note that the original VRF, loopback interface, and IP address pool must be specified in a virtual template rather than in a user profile in order for VRF transfer to work. For information about how to configure virtual templates and support for PPP sessions, see the Cisco IOSDial Technologies Configuration Guide.


SUMMARY STEPS

1.    enable

2.    configure terminal

3.    policy-map type service policy-map-name

4.    ip vrf forwarding name-of-vrf

5.    sg-service-type primary

6.    sg-service-group service-group-name


DETAILED STEPS
 Command or ActionPurpose
Step 1 enable


Example:

Router> enable

 

Enables privileged EXEC mode.

  • Enter your password if prompted.
 
Step 2 configure terminal


Example:

Router# configure terminal

 

Enters global configuration mode.

 
Step 3 policy-map type service policy-map-name


Example:

Router(config)# policy-map type service service1

 

Creates or modifies a service policy map, which is used to define an ISG service, and enters service policy-map configuration mode.

 
Step 4 ip vrf forwarding name-of-vrf


Example:

Router(config-service-policymap)# ip vrf forwarding blue

 

Associates the service with a VRF.

 
Step 5 sg-service-type primary


Example:

Router(config-service-policymap)# sg-service-type primary

 

Defines the service as a primary service.

  • A primary service is a service that contains a network-forwarding policy. A primary service must be defined as a primary service by using the sg-service-type primary command. Any service that is not a primary service is defined as a secondary service by default.
 
Step 6 sg-service-group service-group-name


Example:

Router(config-service-policymap)# sg-service-group group1

 

(Optional) Associates an ISG service with a service group.

  • A service group is a grouping of services that may be active simultaneously for a given session. Typically, a service group includes one primary service and one or more secondary services.
 

Verifying VRF Transfer for PPP Sessions

Perform this task to verify VRF transfer for PPP sessions. All of the show steps are optional and may be performed in any order.

SUMMARY STEPS

1.    enable

2.    show subscriber session all

3.    show idmgr {memory [detailed [component [substring]]] | service key session-handle session-handle-string service-key key-value | session key {aaa-unique-id aaa-unique-id-string | domainip-vrf ip-address ip-address vrf-id vrf-id| nativeip-vrf ip-address ip-address vrf-id vrf-id | portbundle ip ip-address bundle bundle-number | session-guid session-guid | session-handle session-handle-string | session-id session-id-string} | statistics}

4.    show ip route [vrf vrf-name]


DETAILED STEPS
 Command or ActionPurpose
Step 1 enable


Example:

Router> enable

 

Enables privileged EXEC mode.

  • Enter your password if prompted.
 
Step 2 show subscriber session all


Example:

Router# show subscriber session all

 

Displays information pertaining to the service chosen by the subscriber.

 
Step 3 show idmgr {memory [detailed [component [substring]]] | service key session-handle session-handle-string service-key key-value | session key {aaa-unique-id aaa-unique-id-string | domainip-vrf ip-address ip-address vrf-id vrf-id| nativeip-vrf ip-address ip-address vrf-id vrf-id | portbundle ip ip-address bundle bundle-number | session-guid session-guid | session-handle session-handle-string | session-id session-id-string} | statistics}


Example:

Router# show idmgr session key session-handle 48000002

 

Displays information related to ISG session and service identity.

 
Step 4 show ip route [vrf vrf-name]


Example:

Router# show ip route

 

Displays the current state of the routing table.

 

Troubleshooting ISG Access for PPP Sessions

The commands in this task can be used to monitor and troubleshoot Layer 2 sessions. All of these commands are optional and do not need to be entered in a particular order.

SUMMARY STEPS

1.    enable

2.    show subscriber session detailed

3.    debug condition condition

4.    debug subscriber packet [event|full|detail]

5.    debug subscriber error

6.    debug subscriber event

7.    debug subscriber fsm

8.    debug pppatm {event | error | state} [interface atm interface-number[. subinterface-number]] vc {[vpi / vci]vci | virtual-circuit-name}

9.    debug ppp {packet | negotiation | error | authentication | subscriber switch}


DETAILED STEPS
 Command or ActionPurpose
Step 1 enable


Example:

Router> enable

 

Enables privileged EXEC mode.

  • Enter your password if prompted.
 
Step 2 show subscriber session detailed


Example:

Router# show subscriber session detailed

 

Displays information about ISG subscriber sessions.

 
Step 3 debug condition condition


Example:

Router# debug condition username user5@example.com

 

Filters debug output on the basis of the specified condition.

Note    See the module "Troubleshooting ISG with Session Monitoring and Distributed Conditional Debugging" for information about conditional debugging.
 
Step 4 debug subscriber packet [event|full|detail]


Example:

Router# debug subscriber packet event

 

Displays diagnostic information about packets during Subscriber Service Switch (SSS) call setup.

 
Step 5 debug subscriber error


Example:

Router# debug subscriber error

 

Displays diagnostic information about errors that can occur during SSS call setup.

 
Step 6 debug subscriber event


Example:

Router# debug subscriber event

 

Displays diagnostic information about SSS call setup events.

 
Step 7 debug subscriber fsm


Example:

Router# debug subscriber fsm

 

Displays diagnostic information about the SSS call setup state.

 
Step 8 debug pppatm {event | error | state} [interface atm interface-number[. subinterface-number]] vc {[vpi / vci]vci | virtual-circuit-name}


Example:

Router# debug pppatm error

 

Displays diagnostic information for PPP over ATM (PPPoA) events, errors, and states, either globally or conditionally, on an interface or virtual circuit (VC).

 
Step 9 debug ppp {packet | negotiation | error | authentication | subscriber switch}


Example:

Router# debug ppp packet

 

Displays information on traffic and exchanges in an internetwork that is implementing the PPP.

 

Examples

In the following example, the output of the debug subscriber packet detail command is filtered on the basis of the username “cpe6_1@example.com”: 

Router# debug condition username cpe6_1@example.com
Condition 1 set
Router# show debug
Condition 1: username cpe6_1@example.com (0 flags triggered)
 
Router# debug subscriber packet detail
SSS packet detail debugging is on
Router# show debug
SSS:
  SSS packet detail debugging is on
Condition 1: username cpe6_1@example.com (0 flags triggered)

Configuration Examples for ISG Access for PPP Sessions

Configuring ISG Access for PPP Sessions Example

The following example shows the configuration of an ISG policy that provides services to PPP subscribers. This example configures ISG to perform the following actions:

  • PPP forwarding on the basis of the ATM virtual path identifier/virtual channel identifier (VPI/VCI)

ISG will activate the forwarding service “xconnect” for any subscriber with a VPI less than 200 and a VCI less than 100. This policy rule allows ISG to provide service to the associated subscribers without having to run the entire PPP protocol. All other subscribers get service on the basis of the domain specified in their username, which ISG must obtain from the protocol.

  • PPP local termination

ISG will provide local termination by activating the service “ispa” for subscribers matching the domain “ispa”. The system will authenticate the subscriber using method-list “list1”. For local termination services, the global VRF is applied by default unless another VRF is specified in the service profile, on the interface, or in the virtual template.

  • PPP authentication before forwarding

ISG will locally authenticate subscribers matching domain “ispb” before forwarding the sessions to an LNS. (Sessions are forwarded to an LNS because service policy map “ispb” specifies a VPDN group). The system will authenticate the subscribers using method-list “list2”.

  • PPP forwarding without local authentication

ISG will forward sessions to an LNS without local authentication for subscribers matching domain “ispc”.

  • PPP domain exclusion

ISG will deny service to and disconnect the session for subscribers matching domain “ispd”.

  • PPP domain-based service activation

For subscribers matching all other domains, ISG will activate a service that has the same name as the specified domain.

Configure control class maps, which define the conditions that must be met before a control policy rule will be executed.

class-map type control match-all PPP_SESSION
  match identifier protocol ppp
 
class-map type control match-all NAS_PORT_CONDITION
  class type control match identifier name PPP_SESSION 
  less-than identifier nas-port type atm vpi 200 vci 100
class-map type control match-all ISPA
  match identifier unauthenticated-domain ispa
 
class-map type control match-all ISPB
  match identifier unauthenticated-domain ispb
 
class-map type control match-all ISPC
  match identifier unauthenticated-domain ispc
 
class-map type control match-all ISPD
  match identifier unauthenticated-domain ispd

Define the top-level control policy map.

policy-map type control L2_ACCESS

Define a control policy rule that activates a forwarding service on the basis of the ATM VPI/VCI on which the call came in. 

 class type control NAS_PORT_CONDITION event session-start
  1 service-policy type service xconnect

Define a control policy rule that collects the domain name from the protocol. The domain name is available from a structured user name (for example, user@domain). 

 class type control PPP_SESSION event session-start
  1 collect identifier unauthenticated-domain
  2 service-policy type control DOMAIN_BASED_ACCESS

Define the nested control policy.

policy-map type control DOMAIN_BASED_ACCESS

Define a control policy rule that provides local termination by activating the service “ispa”. 

 class type control ISPA event session-start
  1 authenticate aaa list list1
  2 service-policy type service ispa

Define a control policy rule that configures the system to authenticate the subscriber locally before activating service “ispb”. The service “ispb” specifies forwarding the session to an LNS. 

 class type control ISPB event session-start
  1 authenticate aaa list list2
  2 service-policy type service ispb

Define a control policy rule that activates service “ispc”, which specifies forwarding.

 class type control ISPC event session-start
  1 service-policy type service ispc

Define a control policy rule that results in session disconnection for subscribers that match service “ispd”. 

 class type control ISPD event session-start
  service disconnect

Define a control policy rule that defines the default for all other domains, which is to activate a service having the same name as the specified domain.

 class type control always event session-start
    service-policy type service identifier unauthenticated-domain

Configure the service policy maps.

policy-map type service xconnect
  service vpdn group 1
 
policy-map type service ispa
  service local
  ip vrf forwarding red
 
policy-map type service ispb
  service vpdn group 2
 
policy-map type service ispc
  service vpdn group 3

Apply the control policy map globally.

service-policy type control L2_ACCESS

VRF Transfer for PPP Sessions Using IPCP Renegotiation Example

The following example shows a configuration that uses PPPoE to establish a session, and the RADIUS service profile that is created to associate the VRF. In this example, when a PPP session initially comes up, it belongs to the default routing table, and the IP address is assigned from the default IP address pool “DEF-POOL”. When the subscriber selects the “ISP-RED” service, ISG downloads the “ISP-RED” service profile and applies it to the session. The PPP session is then transferred to VRF “RED”. IPCP renegotiation occurs between the client device and the ISG device, and the subscriber is assigned a new IP address from the pool “POOL-RED”.

ip vrf RED
 rd 1:1
interface Loopback0
 ip address 10.0.0.1 255.255.255.0
interface Loopback1
 ip address 10.0.1.0 255.255.255.0
 ip vrf forwarding RED
!
interface Ethernet0/0
  pppoe enable
interface Virtual-Template1
 ip unnumbered Loopback0
 service-policy control RULE2
 peer default ip address pool DEF-POOL
 ppp authentication chap 
ip local pool DEF-POOL 172.16.5.1 172.16.5.250
ip local pool POOL-RED 172.20.5.1 172.20.5.250

Service Profile for ISP RED

Cisco-AVpair = ip:vrf-id=RED
Cisco-AVpair = "ip:ip-unnumbered=loopback 1"
Cisco-AVpair = ip:addr-pool=POOL-RED
Cisco-AVpair = subscriber:sg-service-type=primary
Cisco-AVpair = subscriber:sg-service-group=RED-GROUP
Cisco-SSG-Service-Info = IPPPOE-RED
Cisco-SSG-Service-Info = R10.1.1.0;255.255.255.0
Framed-Protocol = PPP
Service-Type = Framed

Additional References

Related Documents

Related Topic

Document Title

ISG commands

Cisco IOS Intelligent Services Gateway Command Reference

AAA configuration tasks

The "Authentication" section in the Cisco IOS Security Configuration Guide

AAA commands

The "Authentication, Authorization, and Accounting (AAA)" section in the Cisco IOS Security Command Reference

PPP configuration tasks

The “PPP Configuration” section in the Cisco IOS Dial Services Configuration Guide

PPP commands

Cisco IOS Dial Services Command Reference

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Feature Information for ISG Access for PPP Sessions

The following table provides release information about the feature or features described in this module. This table lists only the software release that introduced support for a given feature in a given software release train. Unless noted otherwise, subsequent releases of that software release train also support that feature.

Use Cisco Feature Navigator to find information about platform support and Cisco software image support. To access Cisco Feature Navigator, go to www.cisco.com/go/cfn. An account on Cisco.com is not required.

Table 1 Feature Information for ISG Layer 2 Access

Feature Name

Releases

Feature Configuration Information

ISG:Session: Creation: P2P Session (PPPoE, PPPoXoX)

12.2(28)SB 12.2(33)SRC

The ISG session is the primary context to which services and policies are associated across specific data flows. Point-to-point (P2P) sessions are established through a signaling protocol. ISG handles many variants of P2P encapsulation, such as PPP, PPPoE and PPPoA.

In Cisco IOS Release 12.2(33)SRC, support was added for the Cisco 7600 router.