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IP Routing: ISIS Configuration Guide, Cisco IOS Release 12.4T
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Configuring a Basic IS-IS Network
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Contents
Configuring a Basic IS-IS NetworkLast Updated: January 30, 2012
This module describes the tasks to configure and monitor a basic Intermediate System-to-Intermediate System (IS-IS) network. The IS-IS process and adjacency formation is also explained. IS-IS is link-state protocol that allows the network designer to organize the network into a group of flooding domains. Often deployed as the Interior Gateway Protocol (IGP) for an ISP network backbone, IS-IS is capable of handling large topologies and large numbers of routing changes.
Finding Feature InformationYour software release may not support all the features documented in this module. For the latest feature information and caveats, see the release notes for your platform and software release. To find information about the features documented in this module, and to see a list of the releases in which each feature is supported, see the Feature Information Table at the end of this document. Use Cisco Feature Navigator to find information about platform support and Cisco software image support. To access Cisco Feature Navigator, go to www.cisco.com/go/cfn. An account on Cisco.com is not required. Prerequisites for Configuring a Basic IS-IS Network
Information About the IS-IS Routing ProtocolIS-IS Process and AdjacenciesIS-IS requires some configuration on both the router and the interface. An IS-IS process is created when you enable IS-IS on a router and define a specific tag to identify that routing process. Interfaces configured with a specific tag will be part of the corresponding router process. More than one IS-IS process can run on a router for Connectionless Network Service (CLNS), but only one IS-IS process can run for IP. Small IS-IS networks are built as a single area that includes all the routers in the network. As the network grows larger, it is usually reorganized into a backbone area made up of the connected set of all Level 2 routers from all areas. The areas are connected to local areas. Within a local area, routers know how to reach all system IDs. Between areas, routers know how to reach the backbone, and the backbone routers know how to reach other areas. Routers establish Level 1 adjacencies to perform routing within a local area (intra-area routing). Routers establish Level 2 adjacencies to perform routing between Level 1 areas (inter-area routing). If the network administrator does not specify Level 1 or Level 2 routing for the routing process being configured, the default routing behavior for the routing process will be Level 1-2. If Level 2 routing is configured on any process, additional processes are automatically configured as Level 1, with the exception of previously configured Level 2 process, which will remain Level 2. You can have only one Level-2 process. You can configure the Level-2 process to perform Level-1 routing at the same time. If Level-2 routing is not desired for a router instance, use the is-type command in router configuration mode to remove the Level-2 capability. You can also use the is-type command to configure a different router instance as a Level-2 router. Some networks use legacy equipment that supports only Level 1 routing. These devices are typically organized into many small areas that cannot be aggregated due to performance limitations. Cisco routers are used to interconnect each area to the Level 2 backbone. Network entity titles (NETs) define the area addresses and the system ID of the router. See the "Configuring ISO CLNS" module in the Cisco IOS ISO CLNS Configuration Guide for a more detailed discussion of NETs. PDU Packet Types in IS-IS RoutingThe OSI stack defines a unit of data as a protocol data unit (PDU). A frame therefore is regarded by OSI as a data-link PDU, and a packet is regarded as a network PDU. There are four types of PDU packets, and each type can be Level 1 or Level 2:
IS-IS LSPs include specific information about the router's attachments. The following information is included in multiple TLV fields in the main body of the LSP:
How to Create Monitor and Make Changes to a Basic IS-IS Network
Enabling IS-IS as an IP Routing Protocol on the RouterSUMMARY STEPS
DETAILED STEPS Enabling IS-IS as an IP Routing Protocol on the InterfaceSUMMARY STEPS
DETAILED STEPS Monitoring IS-ISSUMMARY STEPS
DETAILED STEPS ExampleWhen the show isis neighbors command is entered with the detail keyword, the output provides information on the IS-IS adjacencies that have formed.
Router1# show isis neighbors detail
System Id Type Interface IP Address State Holdtime Circuit Id
Router2 L2 Et1/0 10.1.1.0 UP 255 Circuit3.01
Area Address(es): 32
SNPA: aabb.cc00.2001
State Changed: 00:00:14
LAN Priority: 64
Format: Phase V
Troubleshooting TipsYou can use the following two system debugging commands to check your IS-IS IPv4 implementation.
Shutting Down IS-IS to Make Changes to Your IS-IS NetworkYou can shut down IS-IS (placing it in an administrative down state) to make changes to the IS-IS protocol configuration, without losing your configuration parameters. You can shut down IS-IS at the interface level or at the global IS-IS process level. If the router was rebooted when the protocol was turned off, the protocol would be expected to come back up in the disabled state. When the protocol is set to the administrative down state, network administrators are allowed to administratively turn off the operation of the IS-IS protocol without losing the protocol configuration, to make a series of changes to the protocol configuration without having the operation of the protocol transition through intermediate--and perhaps undesirable--states, and to then reenable the protocol at a suitable time. Before the introduction of the Integrated IS-IS Protocol Shutdown Support Maintaining Configuration Parameters feature, there was no nondestructive way to disable IS-IS operation. The only way to disable IS-IS at the router level was to issue the no router isis command, which removes the IS-IS configuration. At the interface level there are two ways to disable IS-IS operation. You can enter the no ip router isis command to remove IS-IS from the specified interface, or you can put the interface into passive mode such that the IP address of the specified interface will still be advertised. In either case, the current IS-IS configuration will be removed. Shutting Down IS-IS in Interface ModeSUMMARY STEPS
DETAILED STEPS Shutting Down IS-IS in Router ModeSUMMARY STEPS
DETAILED STEPS Configuration Examples for a Basic IS-IS Network
Example Configuring a Basic IS-IS NetworkThe following example shows how to configure three routers to run IS-IS as an IP routing protocol. The figure below illustrates the sample configuration. Router A Configurationrouter isis net 49.0001.0000.0000.000a.00 interface ethernet0/0 ip address 10.1.1.1 255.255.255.0 ip router isis interface serial 2/0 ip router isis ip address 192.168.1.2 255.255.255.0 Router B Configurationrouter isis net 49.0001.0000.0000.000b.00 interface ethernet0/0 ip router isis ip address 172.17.1.1 255.255.255.0 interface serial2/0 ip router isis ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0 interface serial5/0 ip router isis ip address 172.21.1.1 255.255.255.0 Router C Configurationrouter isis net 49.0001.0000.0000.000c.00 interface ethernet2/0 ip router isis ip address 172.21.1.2 255.255.255.0 interface serial5/0 ip router isis ip address 172.22.1.1 255.255.255.0 The show isis topology command displays the following information about how the routers are connected within the IS-IS network:
RouterB# show isis topology
IS-IS paths to level-1 routers
System Id Metric Next-Hop Interface SNPA
RouterA 10 RouterA Se2/0 *HDLC*
RouterB --
RouterC 10 RouterC Se5/0 *HDLC*
IS-IS paths to level-2 routers
System Id Metric Next-Hop Interface SNPA
RouterA 10 RouterA Se2/0 *HDLC*
RouterB --
RouterC 10 RouterC Se5/0 *HDLC*
The show isis database command displays following information for the Level 1 and Level 2 LSPs for each router in the IS-IS network.
RouterB# show isis database
IS-IS Level-1 Link State Database:
LSPID LSP Seq Num LSP Checksum LSP Holdtime ATT/P/OL
RouterA.00-00 0x00000005 0x1A1D 1063 0/0/0
RouterB.00-00 * 0x00000006 0xD15B 1118 0/0/0
RouterC.00-00 0x00000004 0x3196 1133 1/0/0
IS-IS Level-2 Link State Database:
LSPID LSP Seq Num LSP Checksum LSP Holdtime ATT/P/OL
RouterA.00-00 0x00000008 0x0BF4 1136 0/0/0
RouterB.00-00 * 0x00000008 0x1701 1137 0/0/0
RouterC.00-00 0x00000004 0x3624 1133 0/0/0
The show ip route command displays information about the interfaces of each router, including their IP addresses and how they are connected to Router B:
RouterB# show ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route
Gateway of last resort is not set
172.17.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 172.17.1.0 is directly connected, Ethernet0/0
172.16.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 172.16.1.0 is directly connected, Serial4/0
172.21.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 172.21.1.0 is directly connected, Serial5/0
172.22.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
i L1 172.22.1.0 [115/20] via 172.21.1.2, Serial5/0
10.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
i L1 10.1.1.0 [115/20] via 192.168.1.2, Serial2/0
C 192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected, Serial2/0
C 192.168.3.0/24 is directly connected, Serial3/0
The show isis spf-log command displays logs of Level 1 and Level 2 LSPs including time of occurrence, duration, count, and the event that triggered the LSP.
RouterB## show isis spf-log
level 1 SPF log
When Duration Nodes Count First trigger LSP Triggers
00:01:30 0 3 7 RouterB.00-00 PERIODIC NEWADJ NEWLSP TLVT
level 2 SPF log
When Duration Nodes Count First trigger LSP Triggers
00:01:31 0 3 7 RouterB.00-00 PERIODIC NEWADJ NEWLSP TLVT
Example Shutting Down IS-IS in Interface ModeThe following router output shows that the router has two IS-IS adjacencies:
Router# show clns neighbors
System Id Interface SNPA State Holdtime Type Protocol
first Et3/1 0002.7dd6.1c21 Up 25 L1L2 IS-IS
second Et3/2 0004.6d25.c056 Up 29 L1L2 IS-IS
When the isis protocol shutdown command is entered for Ethernet interface 3/1, the IS-IS protocol will be disabled for the specified interface: Router# configure terminal Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z. Router(config)# interface ethernet3/1 Router(config-if)# isis protocol shutdown Router(config-if)# end The following router output shows that the adjacency for Ethernet interface 3/1 has not formed:
Router# show clns neighbors
System Id Interface SNPA State Holdtime Type Protocol
second Et3/2 0004.6d25.c056 Up 27 L1L2 IS-IS
Example Shutting Down IS-IS in Router ModeThe following router output shows that the router has two IS-IS adjacencies:
Router# show clns neighbors
System Id Interface SNPA State Holdtime Type Protocol
south Et3/1 0002.7dd6.1c21 Up 29 L1L2 IS-IS
north Et3/2 0004.6d25.c056 Up 28 L1L2 IS-IS
The protocol shutdown command is entered so that IS-IS is disabled and no adjacencies will be formed on any interface: Router# configure terminal Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z. Router(config)# router isis area1 Router(config-router)# protocol shutdown Router(config-router)# end The following router output now shows that both adjacencies are gone.
Router# show clns neighbors
System Id Interface SNPA State Holdtime Type Protocol
When the no protocol shutdown command is entered, the adjacencies will again be formed on both interfaces: Router(config)# router isis area1 Router(config-router)# no protocol shutdown Router(config-router)# end Router# show clns neighbors System Id Interface SNPA State Holdtime Type Protocol south Et3/1 0002.7dd6.1c21 Up 24 L1L2 IS-IS north Et3/2 0004.6d25.c056 Up 24 L1L2 IS-IS Where to Go NextAdditional ReferencesRelated Documents
MIBsRFCs
Technical Assistance
Feature Information for Configuring a Basic IS-IS NetworkThe following table provides release information about the feature or features described in this module. This table lists only the software release that introduced support for a given feature in a given software release train. Unless noted otherwise, subsequent releases of that software release train also support that feature. Use Cisco Feature Navigator to find information about platform support and Cisco software image support. To access Cisco Feature Navigator, go to www.cisco.com/go/cfn. An account on Cisco.com is not required.
Cisco and the Cisco logo are trademarks or registered trademarks of Cisco and/or its affiliates in the U.S. and other countries. To view a list of Cisco trademarks, go to this URL: www.cisco.com/go/trademarks. Third-party trademarks mentioned are the property of their respective owners. The use of the word partner does not imply a partnership relationship between Cisco and any other company. (1110R) Any Internet Protocol (IP) addresses and phone numbers used in this document are not intended to be actual addresses and phone numbers. Any examples, command display output, network topology diagrams, and other figures included in the document are shown for illustrative purposes only. Any use of actual IP addresses or phone numbers in illustrative content is unintentional and coincidental. © 2012 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
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