Table Of Contents
Setting Up IP/TV Content Manager
About Java Web Server
Configuring the Java Web Server Port
Shortcut to the IP/TV Content Manager
Configuring the RTSP Port
Accessing the IP/TV Content Manager
Setting IP/TV Content Manager Defaults and Preferences
Multicast Addresses
Link-Level Scoped IP Multicast Addresses
Globally Scoped IP Multicast Addresses
Administratively Scoped IP Multicast Addresses
Limiting How Far Your Programs Reach
IP/TV Security
Password Protection
Access Restrictions
About Proximity Management
Defining Servers and Server Clusters
Defining a Server Cluster
Reviewing a Cluster
Deleting a Cluster
Editing a Cluster
Defining Servers
Multihomed Host Support
Reviewing a Server
Deleting a Server
Editing a Server
Searching for a Server
Managing Proximity Groups and Subnets
Defining a Proximity Group
Reviewing a Proximity Group
Deleting a Proximity Group
Editing a Proximity Group
Searching for a Proximity Group
Defining a Subnet
Reviewing a Subnet
Deleting a Subnet
Editing a Subnet
Searching for a Subnet
Managing Channels
The Channels Page
Creating a New Channel
Reviewing a Channel
Deleting a Channel
Editing a Channel
Setting Up IP/TV Content Manager
This chapter describes how to set up IP/TV Content Manager. Topics include:
•
Configuring Java Web Server
•
Configuring the RTSP port
•
Accessing the IP/TV Content Manager
•
Setting IP/TV Content Manager defaults and preferences
•
Setting security
•
Proximity management
•
Defining servers and server clusters
•
Defining proximity groups and subnets
•
Managing channels
About Java Web Server
The Java Web Server is configured using the JavaServer Administration Tool. Any change you make in the Administration Tool is saved in properties files.
Follow these steps to access the Administration Tool:
Step 1
Go to the URL http://<web-server>:9090.
You can substitute localhost for <web-server> if you are running the browser on the same machine as the IP/TV Content Manager.
Step 2
Enter the suggested default user name and password.
Note
We recommend that you change the password from the default.
The following properties files are automatically modified during installation:
•
The alias /cgi-bin/iptv, which invokes the cgi servlet, is added to the rules.properties file.
•
The cgi servlet property perlexe, which contains the full path to Perl, is added to the servlets.properties file.
•
Three servlets (IptvCM, IptvOdMgr, and CMPublish) are added to the servlets.properties file and configured to load on startup.
•
In the endpoint.properties file, the default Web server port is changed from 8080 to 80.
•
The mime types application/x-sdp and application/x-sdp-ipt are added to the mime.properties file.
Configuring the Java Web Server Port
The Java Web Server uses port 80. If you have another Web server installed on the same machine, and did not change the default port during installation, you can configure Java Web Server to use a different port.
Follow these steps to configure the Java Web Server port:
Step 1
Go to the URL http://<web-server>:9090.
You can substitute localhost for <web-server> if you are running the browser on the same machine as the IP/TV Content Manager.
Step 2
Enter the user name and password.
Step 3
Click Web Service and click Manage.
Step 4
In the Web Service window, click Setup.
Step 5
Click Network.
Step 6
Enter the new port number in the Port field.
Step 7
Click Save.
Step 8
Click Restart so that your changes take effect immediately.
If you change the Java Web Server port number, you must reconfigure the IP/TV Content Manager port number in several places:
•
IP/TV Content Manager shortcut (see the "Shortcut to the IP/TV Content Manager" section later in this chapter)
•
IP/TV Server (see the "Setting IP/TV Server Options" section in the "Administering IP/TV Server" chapter for information on configuring IP/TV Server)
•
IP/TV Viewer (refer to the IP/TV Viewer User Guide for information on configuring IP/TV Viewer)
Shortcut to the IP/TV Content Manager
During installation, a shortcut to the IP/TV Content Manager is created and placed on the desktop of the IP/TV Content Manager host. The shortcut is set up with the default Java Web Server port number (or the number you specify when you install Java Web Server).
If you change the port number of the Java Web Server after installation, you need to modify the shortcut to the IP/TV Content Manager.
Follow these steps to change the default Web server port number:
Step 1
Open the following file with a text editing tool such as NotePad:
<web-server-root>\public_html\iptvfiles\launch.htm
Step 2
Locate the two references to port 80.
Step 3
Change both occurrences of 80 to the new port number.
Step 4
Save the changes and close the file.
You may now use the shortcut to access the IP/TV Content Manager.
Configuring the RTSP Port
You rarely need to change the RTSP port number of the OnDemand Manager servlet. If it becomes necessary to change the port number, you can edit the following file:
<web-server-root>\classes\iptvodmgr.properties
and change the field iptvodmgr.server.port.
For your change to take effect, you must stop and restart the OnDemand Manager servlet.
The simplest way to stop and start a servlet is to stop and restart the Java Web Server using the following steps:
Step 1
Click Start>Settings>Control Panel.
Step 2
In the Control Panel window, click Services.
Step 3
In the Services list, select JavaWebServer and click Stop.
Step 4
After the service is stopped, click Start.
Alternatively, you can follow these steps to stop and restart only the OnDemand Manager servlet:
Step 1
Go to the URL http://<web-server>:9090.
You can substitute localhost for <web-server> if you are running the browser on the same machine as the IP/TV Content Manager.
Step 2
Enter the user name and password.
Step 3
Click Web Service and click Manage.
Step 4
In the Web Service window, click Servlets.
Step 5
Click IptvOdMgr.
Step 6
Click Unload.
Step 7
When the servlet has stopped, click Load to restart it.
Accessing the IP/TV Content Manager
A computer used to access IP/TV Content Manager Version 3.0 must run Netscape Navigator 4.05 or 4.5x, or Microsoft Internet Explorer 4.x or 5.0. The browser must have Java and JavaScript enabled. Check the browser's Options or Preferences menu to be sure that these features are enabled.
These instructions assume that you are familiar with the Web, and have used a browser to access information sources on the Web. You should be familiar with the functions of your browser, and with concepts such as links. If not, we recommend that you read the documentation that was shipped with your browser, or explore the browser's help system.
To access the IP/TV Content Manager, go to the following URL:
http://<contentmanagerhost>/
where contentmanagerhost is the DNS name or IP address of the IP/TV Content Manager.
When you access the IP/TV Content Manager for the first time, store the URL in your Web browser's frequently visited sites list. The mechanism you use varies depending on which browser you use. Refer to your browser documentation or help system for more information.
When you access the IP/TV Content Manager, the first page that appears is the IP/TV Content Manager main page (see Figure 5-1).
Figure 5-1 IP/TV Content Manager Main Page
The IP/TV Content Manager main page contains the following links:
•
The OnDemand Programs link takes you to the OnDemand Programs page, which displays information about existing on-demand programs and allows you to define new on-demand categories or programs. You can also search for an on-demand category or program by program name, category, keywords, or description. Refer to the IP/TV Content Manager User Guide for information.
•
The Scheduled Programs link takes you to the Scheduled Programs page, which displays information about existing scheduled programs and allows you to define new scheduled programs. Refer to the IP/TV Content Manager User Guide for information.
•
The Proximity Groups link takes you to the Proximity Groups page, which displays information about existing proximity groups, and allows you to define new proximity groups and subnets. See the "Managing Proximity Groups and Subnets" section in the "Administering the IP/TV Content Manager" chapter for information.
•
The Recordings link takes you to the Recordings page, which displays information about existing recordings, and allows you to define new recordings. Refer to the IP/TV Content Manager User Guide for information.
•
The File Transfers link takes you to the File Transfers page, which displays information about existing scheduled file transfers, and allows you to define new file transfers, display the results of a file transfer, and view or clear the file transfer log. See the "File Transfers" chapter for information.
•
The Server Clusters link takes you to the Server Clusters page, which displays a list of server clusters and allows you to define a new cluster or server. See the "Defining Servers and Server Clusters" section in the "Administering the IP/TV Content Manager" chapter for information.
•
The ServerWatch link takes you to the ServerWatch page, where you can monitor the current status of servers. On the ServerWatch page you can also go to the ServerWatch Applet window, where information about servers is dynamically updated. See the "Monitoring Server Status" section in the "Administering the IP/TV Content Manager" chapter for information.
•
The Preferences link takes you to the Preferences page, where you can set IP/TV Content Manager options. In general, preferences should only be changed by the system administrator or network manager who installed the IP/TV Content Manager. See the "Setting IP/TV Content Manager Defaults and Preferences" section later in this chapter for information.
•
The Help link launches the IP/TV Content Manager online help utility. See the "Using Online Help" section in the Introduction to this publication for a description of online help.
Setting IP/TV Content Manager Defaults and Preferences
The IP/TV Content Manager allows you to specify certain default parameter values, and to govern the level of information that is displayed on IP/TV Content Manager pages.
Follow these steps to set IP/TV Content Manager defaults and preferences:
Step 1
Click the Preferences link on the main page to go to the Preferences page.
Step 2
In the Multicast Addresses section at the top of the page (see Figure 5-2), select address options. Table 5-1 lists the available options, and briefly describes each option. Multicast addresses determine how far across the network your IP/TV sessions reach.
See the "Multicast Addresses" section later in this chapter for more information about globally scoped and administratively scoped addresses and multicast range or Time-to-Live (TTL) values.
See the "Limiting How Far Your Programs Reach" section later in this chapter for recommendations on using administratively scoped addresses to limit how far your IP/TV programs reach across the network.
Figure 5-2 Multicast Addresses Section of the Preferences Page
Table 5-1 Multicast Address Options
Parameter
|
Description
|
Globally Scoped Addresses
|
Determines whether globally scoped addresses may be specified for a program, and sets the default multicast ranges as well as the TTL values of each possible range.
By default, this option is enabled, and the default multicast range is set to site. The TTL values of the available ranges are set as follows:
|
| |
Local Site Regional Worldwide
|
1 15 63 127
|
Administratively Scoped Addresses
|
Determines whether administratively scoped addresses may be specified for a program, sets the start and end of the range of administratively scoped addresses the IP/TV Content Manager will assign, and sets the multicast range.
By default, this option is disabled. The default address range is 239.255.0.0 through 239.255.255.255. The default multicast range is 15.
|
Default Multicast addresses
|
Determines whether programs scheduled by the IP/TV Content Manager default to globally scoped addresses or administratively scoped addresses. The default is globally scoped addresses.
|
Allow modification of IP addresses
|
Determines whether administrators may override the default IP addresses, UDP ports, and multicast ranges assigned to a program. The default is off (no modification is allowed).
|
Allow SmallCasting
|
Determines whether IP/TV Content Manager administrators may specify that a program be forwarded to unicast addresses. The default is off (no SmallCasting is allowed).
|
Step 3
In the Multimedia Sources section of the Preferences page (see Figure 5-3), set video and audio options. Table 5-2 briefly describes the options.
See the "Live Capture and File Format Reference" appendix for more information on the default video and audio formats and settings for various types of live-capture equipment.
Figure 5-3 Multimedia Sources Section of the Preferences Page
Table 5-2 Multimedia Sources Options
Parameter
|
Description
|
Preferred Video Format
|
Sets the preferred format for live-capture video. The default is H.261.
|
Compression Quality
|
Sets the compression quality for the preferred video format. The default is 8. This option applies only to H.261 video.
|
Preferred Audio Format
|
Sets the preferred format for live-capture audio. The default is PCM (m-law).
|
Alternate Audio Formats
|
Determines if alternate audio formats are allowed, and specifies the alternate formats allowed.
|
Audio/Video Bandwidth
|
Sets the bandwidth in kilobits per second (kbps). The default is 1150.
|
Maximum Video Frame Rate
|
Sets the maximum video frame rate (in frames per second. The default is 30.
|
Web Presentation Bandwidth
|
Sets the Web Presentation bandwidth in kbps. The default is 256.
|
Step 4
In the Scheduled Program Management section of the Preferences Page (see Figure 5-4), set program management options for scheduled programs. Table 5-3 briefly describes the options.
Figure 5-4 Scheduled Program Management Section of the Preferences Page
Table 5-3 Scheduled Program Management Options
Parameter
|
Description
|
Delete Local Programs
|
Determines how long locally created program information will be saved by the IP/TV Content Manager. The default is 24 hours after the last run completes (minimum 0, maximum 720 hours).
|
Delete Announced Programs
|
Determines how long program announcements will be saved by the IP/TV Content Manager. By default, an announcement is deleted 24 hours after the last time it is received (minimum 0, maximum 720 hours).
|
Announce Local Programs
|
Determines whether this IP/TV Content Manager sends out announcements about its IP/TV programs to other IP/TV Content Managers on the network. The default is off. See the "Customer Sites Using Multiple IP/TV Content Managers" section later in this chapter for details.
|
Listen for Program Announcements
|
Determines whether this IP/TV Content Manager receives announcements from other IP/TV Content Managers.
Do Not Listen: If selected, the IP/TV Content Manager will not listen for other announcements.
Listen to Neighbors: If selected, the IP/TV Content Manager listens for announcements of programs that use the same administratively scoped addresses, or for programs that use global addresses if the server is defined on this IP/TV Content Manager.
List for Remote Announcements: If selected, the IP/TV Content Manager listens for announcements of programs that use globally scoped addresses.
Listen for All Announcements: If selected, the IP/TV Content Manager listens for all announcements.
Listen to these IP/TV Content Managers: Enter the DNS name or IP address of up to three other IP/TV Content Managers for whose announcements this IP/TV Content Manager will listen.
|
Step 5
In the Question Management section of the Preferences Page (see Figure 5-5), set the Question Manager preferences. Table 5-4 briefly describes the options.
Figure 5-5 Question, Recording, and File Transfer Management
Sections
Table 5-4 Question Management Options
Parameter
|
Description
|
Maximum questions per program
|
Limits the number of questions that may be submitted to the moderator for any one program. The default is 100 (minimum 1, maximum 1000).
|
Question Manager Port
|
Sets the UDP port on the source server to which questions will be directed. The default is "Select any available port." The possible range is 1 to 65,535.
You should specify a well-known port only if the moderator of a program will be on the other side of a firewall from the IP/TV Content Manager on which the program is defined. If that is the case, obtain a port number from the firewall administrator, who must configure the firewall to allow traffic using that UDP port number to cross the firewall.
|
Step 6
In the Recording Management section of the Preferences page (see Figure 5-5), specify recording preferences. Table 5-5 describes the options.
Table 5-5 Recording Management Options
Parameter
|
Description
|
Concurrent Per Server1
|
Determines the maximum number of concurrent recording sessions. The default is 4 (minimum 1, maximum 128).
|
Maximum Record Time2
|
Determines the maximum length (in hours) of a given recording. The default is 4 (minimum 1, maximum 24).
|
Step 7
In the File Transfer Management section of the Preferences page (see Figure 5-5), set the parameters for FTP file transfers to and from IP/TV servers. Table 5-6 describes the options.
See the "File Transfers" chapter for additional information on the File Transfer function.
Table 5-6
Parameter
|
Description
|
Maximum Concurrent FTPs1
|
The maximum number of concurrent FTP connections for each file transfer job. The default value is six concurrent connections per job. If the job has multiple sources specified, the connections are load-balanced across those source FTP servers that are responding.
|
Maximum Duration per FTP
|
The maximum amount of time that a file transfer job is allowed to run. When this amount of time has expired since the start of the file transfer job, the job is aborted and all open FTP connections are closed. The units are hours and the default value is 8.
|
Delete Completed FTP Jobs in
|
Determines how long the information about completed FTP jobs is saved in a Results page by the IP/TV Content Manager. The default is 24 hours (minimum 0 hours, maximum 720 hours).
|
File Transfer Management Options
Step 8
In the Server Management section of the Preferences page (see Figure 5-6), set server management options. Table 5-7 briefly describes the options.
Figure 5-6 Server Management Section of the Preferences Page
Table 5-7 Server Management Options
Parameter
|
Description
|
RTSP Server Port
|
Sets the default RTSP server port.The RTSP Port is the port number at which the IP/TV Server receives on-demand information from the IP/TV Content Manager, and must match the RTSP port configured at the server.
|
Capacity Per Server
|
Sets the capacity per server in kbps. Server capacity is the maximum amount of multimedia data that the server can output onto the network.
|
Capacity Per Cluster
|
Sets the capacity per server cluster in kbps.
Note There is a predefined cluster called "default." Changing the Capacity per Cluster parameter in Preferences does not change the capacity for the default cluster. If you plan to use the default cluster, you must change the capacity for the default cluster to the value you want. See the "Editing a Cluster" section later in this chapter for the procedure for modifying the parameter values for a cluster.
|
Total Content Manager Capacity
|
Sets the total capacity in kbps for all server clusters managed by this IP/TV Content Manager.
|
Idle IP/TV Viewer Timeout
|
Sets the number of minutes IP/TV Viewer can be paused or stopped before the connection with IP/TV Server is terminated. (Default is 30 minutes. Zero disables timeouts.)
|
Scheduled Reservation and OnDemand Non-preemption
|
Sets the number of minutes ahead of time that bandwidth is allocated for scheduled programs. An on-demand program will not be assigned to the server during the allocated time if the assignment would cause the capacity of the server to be exceeded when the scheduled program starts. On-demand programs that are active longer than the specified number of minutes may be preempted when the scheduled program starts if the server capacity would be exceeded. Setting this option to zero disables preemption but may cause the server capacity to be exceeded.
|
Step 9
In the Other Options section of the Preferences Page (see Figure 5-7), set the remaining IP/TV Content Manager preferences. briefly describes the options.
Figure 5-7 Other Options Section of the Preferences Page
Table 5-8 Other Options
Parameter
|
Description
|
Proximity Group Priorities
|
Sets the number of server clusters available to Proximity Groups. The default is 5. See the "About Proximity Management" section later in this chapter for information about proximity groups.
|
Save Journaling Records for
|
Sets the number of days that journaling records are kept. The default is 0, which disables journaling. See the "Journaling" section in the "Administering the IP/TV Content Manager" chapter for information about journaling
|
Step 10
When you have set all the preferences appropriate to your site, click Revise Preferences at the bottom of the page to submit the completed form to the IP/TV Content Manager.
If the IP/TV Content Manager finds errors or omissions in the form, the Data Entry Errors page prompts you to return to the Preferences page to modify the information.
When you have finished correcting the errors, click Revise Preferences again to submit the corrections to the IP/TV Content Manager.
If the form is properly completed, you return automatically to the IP/TV Content Manager main page.
Multicast Addresses
When you set up a new channel, or a new program that is not assigned to a channel, the new channel or program is assigned the default multicast address type specified in the Preferences page.
All Class D IP addresses (224.0.0.0 through 239.255.255.255) are IP multicast addresses. Within Class D, three types of multicast address are available:
•
Link-level scoped multicast addresses (224.0.0.0 through 224.0.0.255
•
Globally scoped multicast addresses (224.0.1.0 through 238.255.255.255)
•
Administratively scoped multicast addresses (239.0.0.0 through 239.255.255.255)
Link-Level Scoped IP Multicast Addresses
Packets with link-level scoped multicast addresses are configured in all routers as unforwardable. A program defined with a link-level scoped IP multicast address is not forwarded by any router, regardless of the multicast range defined for the program (see the "Globally Scoped IP Multicast Addresses" section later in this chapter for information about multicast ranges). We recommend that you do not use addresses in the link-level scoped address range when you set up programs.
Globally Scoped IP Multicast Addresses
Globally scoped multicast addresses use a mechanism called "multicast ranges" to limit how far across the intranet or Internet your program reaches.
The IP/TV Content Manager allows you to set the default multicast range, and to set the explicit values for each available range. The value for a range determines the TTL parameter for all channels or programs assigned that range.
The TTL parameter refers to the number of hops a packet can travel before the next router in the path declines to forward the packet. Table 5-9 lists the available multicast ranges and their default values.
Table 5-9 Multicast Range Default Values
Range
|
Number of Hops
|
Local (default)
|
1
|
Site
|
15
|
Regional
|
63
|
Worldwide
|
127
|
Note
The TTL values shown in Table 5-9 are the values used for MBone sessions, which typically are intended to be disseminated across the entire Internet. We strongly recommend that your organization establish administratively scoped addresses rather than rely on multicast ranges to determine how far your programs reach.
Administratively Scoped IP Multicast Addresses
The primary purposes of the administratively scoped IP multicast address range are:
•
To define a set of addresses that are locally administered. MBone traffic or other incoming multicast traffic should not use this range of addresses.
•
To give sites the ability to set a boundary for their multicast sessions. An IP multicast-compatible router can be configured to not forward a packet beyond the administrative boundary if the packet has an address in this range, and to block any external traffic sent to addresses in this range.
Administratively scoped addressing relies on the routers in the network to limit how far across the intranet or Internet your programs are forwarded.
The IP/TV Content Manager is configured by default to use the range of administratively scoped addresses from 239.255.0.0 to 239.255.255.255, which is known as the IPV4 Local Scope. This scope has a fixed definition in RFC 2365 and is not to be subdivided. IP/TV Content Manager uses this range as the default range because the range should always exist wherever administrative scoping is used. However, we recommend that if you want to use administratively scoped addresses, you use instead some or all of the range 239.192.0.0 through 239.195.155.155 for the one or more zones you want to define. This is known as the IPV4 Organization Local Scope, and is intended for organizations to subdivide for their own purposes. Refer to RFC 2365 for detailed information about the use of IPV4 Local Scope and Organization Local Scope addresses.
Administrative scope zones may topologically overlap, but when they do, the address ranges must not intersect. (Topologically disjointed zones may reuse the same address range.) A separate IP/TV Content Manager must be used for each distinct address range because each IP/TV Content Manager only supports one range.
Follow these steps to configure administratively scoped multicast addresses:
Step 1
In the Preferences page, select Allow Use of Admin. Scoped Addresses and clear Allow Use of Globally Scoped Addresses.
Step 2
Set the start and end of the address range you want to use. The IP/TV Content Manager will always assign a program's multicast address within the range specified here.
Step 3
Configure each router that constitutes a boundary point for this range to refuse to forward packets with addresses in that range (see your router documentation for this procedure).
Administratively scoped IP multicast addresses are an important tool in limiting the impact of multimedia programs on your network.
Note
If a program uses an administratively scoped address, the program announcement uses the highest address of the administratively scoped address range set in Preferences, which means that sdr and other IP/TV Content Manager servers will receive the announcement only if they use the same address range.
Limiting How Far Your Programs Reach
If you do not want your programs to be seen outside your site, use the following strategy:
•
Clear Allow modification of IP addresses in the Program Data Entry Options section of the Preferences page.
•
Use administratively scoped addresses rather than globally scoped addresses, and configure your boundary routers not to forward these addresses.
•
If using globally scoped addresses, set the default multicast range to a low number appropriate to your network topology.
IP/TV Security
IP/TV supports two levels of security:
•
Password protection on channels and scheduled and on-demand programs
•
Configurable restrictions on access to the IP/TV Content Manager
Password Protection
The IP/TV Content Manager allows you to set passwords in two ways:
•
A channel can be assigned a password. If a channel has a password, all scheduled programs on that channel use the same password.
•
An on-demand program or a scheduled program that is not on a channel can be assigned a password.
If a password is set (either for the channel or for the program), the user who wants to view a program must supply a matching password in order to view or subscribe to the program.
The password is always saved in encrypted form to preserve security.
Note
Passwords may only be assigned to channels or programs created on the local IP/TV Content Manager. Channels or programs created by one IP/TV Content Manager cannot be password-protected by a different IP/TV Content Manager. Sessions originating on the MBone cannot be password-protected.
Note
If you set up an IP/TV program that you want to be available to the MBone community on the Internet, do not assign a password to the program. Any IP/TV program that has a password assigned is not viewable by the MBone tools VIC and VAT.
Access Restrictions
IP/TV Content Manager allows you to limit write access to the IP/TV Content Manager to a browser running on a particular host name, address, or set of addresses.
The file <web-server-root>\cgi-bin\iptv\prefs\admin.prf sets the addresses that are allowed to access the IP/TV Content Manager. As shipped (see Figure 5-8), admin.prf gives full access to all users.
The file may be edited using a text-editing tool such as Notepad.
Figure 5-8 Sample admin.prf File
The pound sign (#) at the beginning of a line indicates that the line is a comment, not active code. To activate any of the lines, simply remove the pound sign and any adjacent spaces. The line of code you want to activate must begin at the left margin of the file.
If you modify admin.prf to limit access to the IP/TV Content Manager, and an unauthorized user attempts to change preferences or to modify or delete a program, channel, recording, or file transfer, the following message appears when the user submits the change to the IP/TV Content Manager:
You have read-only access to the IP/TV Content Manager. You are not authorized to make any modifications.
Modifications to admin.prf take effect as soon as the changes are saved to disk.
About Proximity Management
Together, the Server Clusters page and the Proximity Groups page of the IP/TV Content Manager allow you to define the proximity of IP/TV Viewers to IP/TV Servers. Proximity management allows you to restrict IP/TV Viewers to receiving on-demand video only from specified server clusters and also allow you to balance on-demand loads among servers.
Servers and server clusters are defined in the Server Clusters pages of the IP/TV Content Manager. Each server is a member of a single cluster.
The IP/TV Content Manager is shipped with a cluster called Default. If you do not want to use clusters, assign all your servers to the Default cluster.
Note
If you plan to use the default cluster, you should review the cluster capacity parameter, and change it to a value appropriate for your site. See the "Editing a Cluster" section later in this chapter for information.
A collection of subnets is defined as a proximity group. Any number of subnets can be defined within a single proximity group.
The assignment of proximity groups to server clusters is defined by the administrator, based on priority. Priority might be determined by physical distance, bandwidth capacity, network topology, or any other factor.
When a client requests an on-demand program, the OnDemand Manager verifies which proximity group the client belongs to, and obtains the list of server clusters that can be used to meet the client request. The OnDemand Manager then routes the IP/TV Viewer request to the cluster with the highest priority for that proximity group, and to the least busy server in that cluster.
If that cluster is unavailable, the OnDemand Manager then tries other clusters in order of their priority for that proximity group. The OnDemand Manager assigns the least busy server in the cluster to meet the client request, or, depending on how the system has been configured by the IP/TV administrator, may deny the request.
Note
There is no load balancing across clusters, only within a given cluster.
Defining Servers and Server Clusters
The IP/TV Content Manager requires that you define all the machines that act as IP/TV Servers, and all other file servers that will be used for the transfer of media files.
Note
If you define a new server, and there are on-demand programs already defined on other servers that use the same media files, the newly defined server will be automatically added to the list of servers enabled to play those programs. Thus it is very easy to add capacity where needed.
For scheduled program servers, you may define the servers in either of two ways:
•
Define all the servers at once as part of the configuration process. If all servers are defined, then when you want to define a new program and assign it to a specific server, you can simply select that server from a list, making the procedure for defining a new program easier for IP/TV administrators.
•
Define servers dynamically. If you define a new scheduled program or recording, and assign it to a server that is not yet defined, the IP/TV Content Manager will define the server with a minimal set of information. The user who is defining the new program or recording needs to know the server's domain name. At a later time, you may need to edit the minimal definition to add or modify information about that server. For example, you may want to add information about file transfer or SmallCast functions.
Note
You must define servers before you define on-demand programs, because the OnDemand Manager communicates with the server and finds all media files in the server's media root directory.
Defining a Server Cluster
Follow these steps to define an IP/TV server cluster:
Step 1
On the IP/TV Content Manager main page, click the Server Clusters link. The Server Clusters page appears (see Figure 5-9).
Figure 5-9 Server Clusters Page
Step 2
In the Server Clusters page, click the New Cluster link on the task bar. The New Cluster page appears (see ).
Figure 5-10 New Cluster Page
Step 3
Enter the name of the new cluster.
Step 4
In the Cluster Information section of the page, enter an optional description of the cluster and the cluster capacity in kbps.
Step 5
Click Add Cluster at the bottom of the page to send the completed form to the IP/TV Content Manager.
Reviewing a Cluster
Follow these steps to review a cluster definition:
Step 1
On the Server Clusters page, click the Review link for the cluster.
Step 2
Read the Review cluster page to find the information you want to see.
Step 3
Click Edit or Delete at the bottom of the page to edit cluster information or delete the cluster. Click Servers to display the servers assigned to this cluster.
Deleting a Cluster
Follow these steps to delete a cluster:
Step 1
On the Server Clusters page, click the Delete link for the cluster. Or, on the Review Cluster page, click Delete at the bottom of the page.
Step 2
The Delete Cluster page asks you to confirm that you want to delete the cluster.
Note
If there are servers assigned to this cluster, you cannot delete the cluster until you either delete the servers or edit them to change their cluster assignments.
Step 3
If you still want to delete the cluster, click Delete Cluster. You return automatically to the Server Clusters page.
Editing a Cluster
Follow these steps to edit a cluster definition:
Step 1
On the Server Clusters page, click the Edit link for the cluster. Or, on the Review Cluster page, click Edit at the bottom of the page. The Edit Cluster page appears.
Step 2
In the Edit Cluster page, make any necessary changes.
Step 3
Click Revise Cluster at the bottom of the page to send the changes to the IP/TV Content Manager.
If the IP/TV Content Manager finds errors or omissions in the page, the Data Entry Errors page prompts you to return to the Edit Cluster page to modify the information.
When you have finished correcting the errors, click Revise Cluster again to submit the corrections to the IP/TV Content Manager.
If the page is properly completed, you return automatically to the Server Clusters page.
Defining Servers
Follow these steps to define an IP/TV server:
Step 1
On the IP/TV Content Manager main page, click the Server Clusters link. The Server Clusters page appears (see ).
Step 2
To see all servers currently defined in a given cluster, click the Servers link for that cluster.
Step 3
Click the New Server link on the task bar. The New Server page appears (see Figure 5-11).
Step 4
Enter the name of the new server. We recommend that you define a server by its domain name, not its IP address. See the "Installing IP/TV Server" chapter for more information.
Step 5
In the Server Information section of the page, enter a description of the server.
The description is optional. However, it is useful to record information such as the location of the server and its capabilities (for example, a server that is used solely for live capture and has appropriate hardware such as a satellite feed or live-capture camera, a server in a specified department that is used to multicast all IP/TV programs for that department, or a server that is a multihomed host).
We recommend that you use the Description field to make it easier for IP/TV Content Manager administrators to select the appropriate server for a given program.
Step 6
Click the default cluster or another cluster name in the cluster list.
Step 7
Specify the server type. Click IP/TV Server if you are defining an IP/TV server. Click Other Server if you are defining a file transfer server.
Note
If the IP/TV Server is a multihomed host, only one of its addresses may be used to serve on-demand programs. Any of the server's other addresses that are defined as servers must be specified as Other Server.
Figure 5-11 New Server Page
Step 8
If you are defining an IP/TV Server, leave the RTSP port unchanged or enter a new port number. The default number in this field is the value set on the Preferences page.
Step 9
Enter the capacity of the new server. The capacity is the maximum amount of multimedia data (in kbps) that the server can output onto the network.
Step 10
If the server has Windows Media Services installed, and you want the server to be able to serve programs using either IP/TV Server or Windows Media Services, select Interoperate with Windows Media Services.
Note
If you select Interoperate with Windows Media Services, when you define an on-demand program (refer to the IP/TV Content Manager User Guide), the Use WMT column will include an option button beside the name of the server.
Step 11
If you plan to use the file transfer function to transfer files to/from the server, in the File Transfer Information portion of the page (see Figure 5-12), enter the user ID and password (in both boxes) that this server requires for FTP access.
Step 12
In the SmallCast Information section of the New Server page, enter the names or IP addresses of IP/TV Servers to which this server can be instructed to SmallCast programs. See the "SmallCasting Scheduled Programs" chapter for general information about the SmallCast capability. Refer to the "Examples" section in the IP/TV Content Manager User Guide for an example of a program that uses SmallCast.
Figure 5-12 File Transfer and SmallCast Section of the New Server Page
Step 13
Click Add Server at the bottom of the page to send the completed form to the IP/TV Content Manager.
Step 14
Repeat this procedure for each server you want to define.
Multihomed Host Support
A multihomed host is a computer that has multiple network interfaces. IP/TV supports multihomed servers for scheduled multicast programs. You must define each interface as if it were a separate server in the IP/TV Content Manager. Then, when you create a program to be served by that machine, you must choose the correct server name.
Note
If a multihomed host is required, pruning should be disabled. See "Pruning Transmission of Data" in the "Administering IP/TV Server" chapter for more information.
Reviewing a Server
Follow these steps to review a server definition:
Step 1
On the Servers page, click the Review link for the server. The Review Server page appears.
Step 2
Scroll through the Review Server page to find the information you want to see.
Step 3
Click Edit or Delete at the bottom of the page to edit server information or delete the server.
Deleting a Server
Follow these steps to delete a server:
Step 1
On the Servers page, click the Delete link for the server. Or, on the Review Server page, click Delete at the bottom of the page. The Delete Server page appears.
Step 2
If you still want to delete the server, click Delete Server. You return automatically to the Servers page.
The Delete Server page asks you to confirm that you want to delete the server.
Caution 
If you delete the server, all scheduled and on-demand programs assigned to the server will become inoperable, and all scheduled file transfers will be deleted.
Editing a Server
Follow these steps to edit a server definition:
Step 1
On the Servers page, click the Edit link for the server. Or, on the Review Program page, click Edit at the bottom of the page. The Edit Server page appears.
Step 2
In the Edit Server page, make any necessary changes.
Step 3
Click Revise Server at the bottom of the page to send the changes to the IP/TV Content Manager.
If the IP/TV Content Manager finds errors or omissions in the page, the Data Entry Errors page prompts you to return to the Edit Server page to modify the information.
When you have finished correcting the errors, click Revise Server again to submit the corrections to the IP/TV Content Manager.
If the page is properly completed, you return automatically to the Servers page.
Searching for a Server
The Search page allows you to find the cluster for a given server. Figure 5-13 shows an example of the Search page.
Figure 5-13 Search Page
Follow these steps to find the cluster for a given server:
Step 1
On the Server Clusters page, click the Search link on the task bar.
Step 2
On the Search page, click a server from the list.
Step 3
Click the corresponding Go button. A new Search page lists the results of your search.
Managing Proximity Groups and Subnets
A proximity group is a collection of subnets. Any number of subnets can be defined within a single proximity group.
As shipped, the IP/TV Content Manager is configured with a default proximity group. The default proximity group contains a single subnet (0.0.0.0/0) named The World. The default proximity group gets its IP/TV programs from the default server cluster. With this initial configuration, all viewers in your network can view any program defined on any server in the default cluster.
If you prefer not to use proximity groups, you need not change this default configuration.
However, if you define new clusters, proximity groups, and subnets, your new definitions take precedence over the default configuration. Any viewers not in a proximity group you define remain in the default proximity group, and can view only those programs on the default server cluster.
If you want to tighten security, after setting up your own clusters, proximity groups, and subnets, delete the default proximity group and the default cluster. In this way, you can prevent any viewer not in a defined proximity group from viewing any IP/TV programs.
Note
Viewers in different proximity groups may have a different set of on-demand programs available to them, because their on-demand requests are fulfilled by different clusters. If a program is not available because it is not defined on a server in the proximity group's cluster priority list, the program does not appear in the viewer's program listing.
Defining a Proximity Group
Follow these steps to define a proximity group:
Step 1
On the IP/TV Content Manager main page, click the Proximity Groups link. The Proximity Groups page appears (see ).
If no proximity groups have been defined, the page displays only the default proximity group, which includes all clients that belong to an unspecified network.
Step 2
Click the Subnets link for a given proximity group to display a list of all subnets currently defined for that proximity group.
Figure 5-14 Proximity Groups Page
Step 3
To create a new proximity group, click the New Proximity Group link on the task bar. The New Proximity Group page appears (see ).
Figure 5-15 New Proximity Group Page
Step 4
Enter the name of the proximity group.
Step 5
Enter a description of the proximity group.
Step 6
In the Cluster Priority List section of the New Proximity Group page, select clusters in order of priority.
The cluster list determines the order in which the OnDemand Manager tries each server cluster when a request for an on-demand program is received from IP/TV Viewer. The maximum number of clusters in the hierarchy is set in the Preferences page of the IP/TV Content Manager. The default is five.
Step 7
Click Add Proximity Group at the bottom of the page to send the completed form to the IP/TV Content Manager.
Reviewing a Proximity Group
Follow these steps to review a proximity group:
Step 1
On the Proximity Groups page, click the Review link for the proximity group. The Review Proximity Group page appears.
Step 2
Scroll through the Review Proximity Group page to find the information you want to see.
Step 3
Click Edit or Delete at the bottom of the page to edit proximity group information or delete the proximity group, or click Back to return to the Proximity Groups page.
Deleting a Proximity Group
Follow these steps to delete a proximity group:
Step 1
On the Proximity Groups page, click the Delete link for the proximity group. Or, on the Review Proximity Group page, click Delete at the bottom of the page. The Delete Proximity Group page appears.
Step 2
The Delete Proximity Group page asks you to confirm that you want to delete the proximity group.
Step 3
If you still want to delete the proximity group, click Delete Proximity Group. You return automatically to the Proximity Groups page.
Editing a Proximity Group
Follow these steps to edit a proximity group:
Step 1
On the Proximity Groups page, click the Edit link for the proximity group. Or, on the Review Proximity Group page, click Edit at the bottom of the page. The Edit Proximity Group page appears.
Step 2
In the Edit Proximity Group page, make any necessary changes.
Step 3
Click Revise Proximity Group at the bottom of the page to send the changes to the IP/TV Content Manager.
If the IP/TV Content Manager finds errors or omissions in the page, the Data Entry Errors page prompts you to return to the Edit Proximity Group page to modify the information.
When you have finished correcting the errors, click Revise Proximity Group again to submit the corrections to the IP/TV Content Manager.
If the page is properly completed, you return automatically to the Proximity Groups page.
A new Search page lists the results of your search.
Searching for a Proximity Group
Follow these steps to search for the proximity group for a given host:
Step 1
On the Proximity Groups page, click the Search link on the task bar. The Search page appears (see Figure 5-13).
Step 2
To find the proximity group for a host, enter the host name and click the corresponding Go button.
Defining a Subnet
Follow these steps to define a new subnet:
Step 1
To create a new subnet, click the New Subnet link on the task bar on the Proximity Groups page. The New Subnet page appears (see ).
Step 2
Enter the name of the new subnet.
Step 3
Enter an optional description of the new subnet.
Step 4
Click a proximity group for the new subnet from the list.
Step 5
Enter the IP address of the new subnet, and an optional subnet mask.
Step 6
Click Add Subnet at the bottom of the page to send the completed form to the IP/TV Content Manager.
If the IP/TV Content Manager finds errors or omissions in the page, the Data Entry Errors page prompts you to return to the New Subnet page to modify the information.
When you have finished correcting the errors, click Add Subnet again to submit the corrections to the IP/TV Content Manager.
If the page is properly completed, you return automatically to the Subnets page.
Figure 5-16 New Subnet Page
Reviewing a Subnet
Follow these steps to review a subnet definition:
Step 1
On the Proximity Groups page, click the Subnets link for the Proximity Group with which the subnet is associated, then click the Review link for the subnet. The Review Subnet page appears.
Step 2
Scroll through the Review Subnet page to find the information you want to see.
Step 3
Click Delete or Edit at the bottom of the page to delete or edit the subnet, or click Back to return to the Subnets page.
Deleting a Subnet
Follow these steps to delete a subnet:
Step 1
On the Subnets page, click the Delete link for the subnet. Or, on the Review Subnets page, click Delete at the bottom of the page. The Delete Subnet page appears.
Step 2
The Delete Subnet page asks you to confirm that you want to delete the subnet.
Step 3
If you still want to delete the subnet, click Delete Subnet. You return automatically to the Subnets page.
Editing a Subnet
Follow these steps to edit a subnet:
Step 1
On the Subnets page, click the Edit link for the subnet. Or, on the Review Subnet page, click Edit at the bottom of the page. The Edit Subnet page appears.
Step 2
In the Edit Subnet page, make any necessary changes.
Step 3
Click Revise Subnet at the bottom of the page to send the changes to the IP/TV Content Manager.
If the IP/TV Content Manager finds errors or omissions in the page, the Data Entry Errors page prompts you to return to the Edit Subnet page to modify the information.
When you have finished correcting the errors, click Revise Subnet again to submit the corrections to the IP/TV Content Manager.
If the page is properly completed, you return automatically to the Subnets page.
Searching for a Subnet
Follow these steps to search for the proximity group for a subnet:
Step 1
On the Proximity Groups page, click the Search link on the task bar. The Search page appears (see Figure 5-13).
Step 2
To find a proximity group for a subnet, enter the IP address and (optional) subnet mask, and click the corresponding Go button. The IP address and subnet mask must exactly match the information you entered when you defined the subnet in the New Subnets page.
Managing Channels
Channels are used only for scheduled programs and not for on-demand programs. The use of channels is optional. The IP/TV Content Manager allows you to set up programs that are not assigned to any channel.
If you decide to use channels as a way to organize IP/TV programs, you can define IP/TV channels in any of several ways. For example, you might choose one of the following schemes:
•
Create a channel for each department that originates programs. For example, "Sales," "Tech Support," "Training," "Corporate," "Engineering," and "Manufacturing."
•
Create a channel for each type of program content. For example, "Education," "Product News," and "24-Hour News."
The Channels Page
To display the Channels page, click the Channels link on the task bar on the Scheduled Programs page. Figure 5-17 shows an example of the Channels page.
Figure 5-17 Channels Page
The Channels page lists all existing channels. For each channel, the display indicates the name and description of the channel.
The following links are available for each channel:
•
The Review link takes you to the Review Channel page (see the "Reviewing a Channel" section later in this chapter).
•
The Delete link takes you to the Delete Channel page (see the "Deleting a Channel" section later in this chapter).
•
The Edit link takes you to the Edit Channel page (see the "Editing a Channel" section later in this chapter).
Creating a New Channel
Follow these steps to create a new channel:
Step 1
In the Channels page, click the New Channel link on the task bar. The New Channel page appears (see Figure 5-18).
Figure 5-18 New Channel Page
Step 2
Enter the channel name. Use a fairly short name, such as Sales Channel or News Channel.
Step 3
Enter the description of the channel. The description field allows you to enter a longer description of the channel than the name field permits.
Step 4
If there is a Web site that provides additional information about the channel, you may enter the URL of that Web site.
Step 5
If you want the channel to have a password, enter the password in both password boxes. The password applies to every program assigned to this channel.
Step 6
In the Multimedia Source Information section of the New Channel page (see Figure 5-19), enter the preferred video and audio formats to be used by programs assigned to this channel, or accept the defaults specified in Preferences. Table 5-10 describes the options.
Figure 5-19 Multimedia Source Information Section of the New Channel Page
Table 5-10 Channel Multimedia Source Options
Parameter
|
Description
|
Preferred Video Format
|
Defines the default video format.
|
Preferred and alternate audio formats
|
Defines the default audio format, and any alternates that can be used to override the default. You can choose to allow all alternates, or only selected alternates.
|
Play Video
|
Defines whether the video portion of programs assigned to this channel is shown.
|
Play Audio
|
Defines whether the audio portion of programs assigned to this channel is shown.
|
Play SlideCast
|
Defines whether programs assigned to this channel include a SlideCast portion in addition to video and audio portions. You may select either SlideCast or Web Presentation, but not both.
|
Play Web Presentation
|
Defines whether programs assigned to this channel include a Web Presentation portion in addition to video and audio portions. You may select either SlideCast or Web Presentation, but not both.
|
Step 7
In the Multimedia Address Information section of the New Channel page (see Figure 5-20), enter information about the addresses to be used for programs assigned to this channel, or accept the defaults specified in Preferences. describes the options.
Figure 5-20 Multimedia Address Information Section of the New Channel Page
Table 5-11
Parameter
|
Description
|
Select Admin. Scoped Addresses1
|
Assigns administratively scoped addresses to be used for all programs assigned to this channel.
|
Select Global Scoped Addresses1
|
Assigns global scoped addresses for all programs assigned to this channel.
|
Use these Addresses1
|
Overrides the default addresses for this channel, and requires that you enter the IP addresses and UDP port numbers to be used for the video, audio, and SlideCast or Web Presentation portions of all programs assigned to this channel.
|
Multicast Range1
|
Sets the multicast range for all programs assigned to this channel.
|
Video Address and UDP Port1
|
These two parameters define the video IP address and UDP port for programs assigned to this channel. See Table 5-12 for UDP port ranges.
|
Audio Address and UDP Port1
|
These two parameters define the audio IP address and UDP port for programs assigned to this channel. See Table 5-12 for UDP port ranges.
|
SlideCast/Web Presentation Address and Port1
|
These two parameters define the IP address and UDP port for the SlideCast or Web Presentation portion of programs assigned to this channel. See Table 5-12 for UDP port ranges.
|
Channel Multimedia Address Options
Table 5-12 lists the UDP port ranges used by the IP/TV Content Manager for various types of data streams. If you decide to specify port numbers explicitly rather than letting the IP/TV Content Manager assign them, you should choose even numbered ports within these ranges.
Table 5-12 UDP Port Ranges
Type of Stream
|
Port Number Range
|
Audio
|
16,384 through 32,766
|
Web Presentation
|
32,768 through 49,150
|
Video or SlideCast
|
49,152 through 65,534
|
Step 8
In the Contact Information section of the New Channel page (see Figure 5-21), enter the name, telephone number, and e-mail address of the person users can contact with questions about the channel.
Figure 5-21 Contact Information Section of the New Channel Page
Step 9
Click Create Channel at the bottom of the New Channel page to send the form to the IP/TV Content Manager.
If the IP/TV Content Manager finds errors or omissions in the page, the Data Entry Errors page prompts you to return to the New Channel page to modify the information.
When you have finished correcting the errors, click Create Channel again to submit the corrections to the IP/TV Content Manager.
If the form is properly completed, you return automatically to the Channels page.
Reviewing a Channel
Follow these steps to review a channel:
Step 1
On the Channels page, click the Review link for the channel you want to review. the Review Channel page appears.
Step 2
Scroll through the Review Channel page to find the information you want to see.
Step 3
After you have reviewed the information, click Back to return to the Channels page, or click Edit or Delete at the bottom of the page to modify or delete the channel.
Deleting a Channel
Follow these steps to delete a channel:
Step 1
On the Channels page, click the Delete link for the channel. Or, on the Review Channel page, click Delete Channel at the bottom of the page. The Delete Channel page appears.
Step 2
The Delete Channel page asks you to confirm that you want to delete the channel and all programs assigned to it.
Click Delete Channel to delete the channel.
Click Back to return to the channels page without deleting the channel and its programs.
Editing a Channel
Follow these steps to edit a channel:
Step 1
On the Channels page, click the Edit link for the channel. Or, on the Review Channel page, click Edit Channel at the bottom of the page. The Edit Channel page appears.
Step 2
Scroll through the Edit Channel page to find the information you want to change. The page allows you to change any field that was entered when the channel was created.
Step 3
Click Revise Channel at the bottom of the page to send the changes to the IP/TV Content Manager.
If the IP/TV Content Manager finds errors or omissions in the page, the Data Entry Errors page prompts you to return to the Edit Channel page to modify the information.
When you have finished correcting the errors, click Revise Channel again to submit the corrections to the IP/TV Content Manager.
If the page is properly completed, you return automatically to the Channels page.
Note
Avoid changing the audio format, video format, IP addresses, or UDP port numbers assigned to a channel fewer than 10 minutes before any program on the channel is scheduled to begin or while a program is playing. Changes can prevent IP/TV Viewer from displaying the program properly.