Table Of Contents
Configuring the CSS
Service, Owner, and Content Rule Overview
Using the Configuration Script
Configuring Layer 3 Load Balancing
Configuring Layer 5 Load Balancing
Configuring Proxy Cache
Configuring Transparent Cache
Where to Go Next
Configuring the CSS
This chapter provides information on service, owner, and content rules, and how to configure the CSS through configuration scripts. This chapter contains the following sections:
•
Service, Owner, and Content Rule Overview
•
Using the Configuration Script
Service, Owner, and Content Rule Overview
The CSS enables you to configure services, owners, and content rules to direct requests for content to a specific destination service (for example, a server or a port on a server). By configuring services, owners, and content rules, you optimize and control how the CSS handles each request for specific content.
•
A service is a destination location where a piece of content resides physically (a local or remote server and port). You add services to content rules. Adding a service to a content rule includes it in the resource pool that the CSS uses for load balancing requests for content. A service may belong to multiple content rules.
•
An owner is generally the person or company who contracts the web hosting service to host their web content and allocate bandwidth as required.
•
A content rule is a hierarchical rule set containing individual rules that describe which content (for example, .html files) is accessible by visitors to the web site, how the content is mirrored, on which server the content resides, and how the CSS should process requests for the content. Each rule set must have an owner.
Note
For detailed information on creating and configuring services, owners, and content rules, refer to the Content Services Switch Basic Configuration Guide.
When a request for content is made, the CSS:
1.
Uses the owner content rule to translate the owner's Virtual IP address (VIP) or domain name using Network Address Translation (NAT) to the corresponding service IP address and port.
2.
Checks for available services that match the content request.
3.
Uses content rules to choose which service can best process the request for content.
4.
Applies all content rules to service the request for content (for example, load balancing method, redirects, failover, stickiness).
The CSS uses content rules to determine:
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Where the content physically resides, whether local or remote
•
Where to direct the request for content (which service or services)
•
Which load balancing method to use
The type of rule also implies the network layer at which the rule functions.
•
A Layer 3 content rule implies a destination IP address of the host or network.
•
A Layer 4 content rule implies a combination of destination IP address, protocol, and port.
•
A Layer 5 content rule implies a combination of destination IP address, protocol, port, and Universal Resource Locator (URL) that may or may not contain an HTTP cookie or a domain name.
Note
A Layer 5 rule supports the HTTP CONNECT, GET, HEAD, POST, PUSH, and PUT methods.
Content rules are hierarchical. That is, if a request for content matches more than one rule, the characteristics of the most specific rule apply to the flow. The hierarchy for content rules is shown below. The CSS uses this order of precedence to process requests for the content, with 1 being the highest match and 8 being the lowest match.
1.
Domain name, IP address, protocol, port, URL
2.
IP address, protocol, port, URL
3.
IP address, protocol, port
4.
IP address, protocol
5.
IP address
6.
Domain name, protocol, port, URL
7.
Protocol, port, URL
8.
Protocol, port
Using the Configuration Script
The CSS initiates the configuration script automatically when you log in and it does not detect an existing startup-config file.
Note
If you want to configure the CSS manually, refer to the Content Services Switch Basic Configuration Guide.
You need to enter the following information as the configuration script completes:
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IP address and subnet mask for circuit VLAN1 (all interfaces are assigned to VLAN1 by default)
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IP address for the default gateway
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IP addresses for the servers
•
Virtual IP address (VIP) for the content rule
The configuration script allows you to create services, owners, and content rules based on your entries and then enables you to:
•
Configure Layer 3 load balancing
•
Configure Layer 5 load balancing
•
Configure Proxy cache
•
Configure Transparent cache
•
Exit from the script and save the information you entered to the running-config
To accept the script default values, press the Enter key at the prompts. To quit the script, enter "q" at any prompt.
You may also initiate the configuration script manually by entering the script play setup command.
To clear an existing running-config, use the clear running-config command from SuperUser mode. To clear an existing startup-config, use the clear startup-config command from SuperUser mode.
The following pages show you the entire configuration script including:
•
Bold text to indicate where you enter information
•
Explanations to help you use the script
##############################################
#Setup Script for the Content Services Switch#
##############################################
Checking for Existing Config...
No startup-config was found, continue with the setup script [y/n]? y
Note: Pressing "q" after any prompt quits setup. Pressing <CR> after
any [y/n] defaults to "y".
Warning: All circuit VLAN IP addresses must be on a different subnet
than the Ethernet Mgt port IP address. The existing Ethernet Mgt port
IP address is: 10.0.4.251
Add an IP address to VLAN1: [default = 192.168.10.1] 192.168.3.6
Add an IP subnet mask to VLAN1: [default = 255.255.255.0]
Warning: The default gateway IP address must be on the same subnet as
VLAN1. VLAN1 IP address is: 192.168.3.6
Add IP address for default gateway: [default = 192.168.3.2]
192.168.3.3
Pinging the default gateway: 100% Success.
Which feature do you want to configure?
[1] Layer3 load balancing
[2] Layer5 load balancing
[3] Proxy cache
[4] Transparent cache
[5] Exit script
If you select option 5 to exit the script, the CSS saves the information you entered to the running-config and then displays the running-config.
Configuring Layer 3 Load Balancing
A Layer 3 load balancing configuration enables the CSS to use a Virtual IP address (VIP) to load balance Web traffic to Web servers based on IP addresses.
When you select Layer 3 load balancing, the script automatically:
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Creates an owner (L3_Owner)
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Creates a Layer 3 content rule (L3_Rule) and defines ArrowPoint Content Awareness (ACA) as the load balance method
•
Activates the services
•
Activates the content rule
•
Saves the running-config to the startup-config
The script enables you to configure:
•
Service name (default name is Server1)
•
Service IP address
•
VIP for the content rule
To configure Layer 3 load balancing, enter 1.
Which feature do you want to configure?
[1] Layer3 load balancing
[2] Layer5 load balancing
Enter the number for the feature you want to configure: 1
To accept the script default values, press the Enter key at the prompts.
Creating Layer3 load balancing
Enter service name: [default = Server1]
Enter service IP address: [default = 192.168.10.3] 192.168.3.58
Create another service? [y/n]? y
Enter service name: [default = Server2]
Enter service IP address: [default = 192.168.10.3] 192.168.3.59
Create another service? [y/n]? n
Enter Virtual IP address for L3_Rule: [default = 192.168.10.4]
192.168.3.6
After the configuration is completed, the script automatically:
•
Displays the running-config
•
Saves the running-config to the startup-config
Showing the Running Config
!Generated MAR 6 17:53:49
!**************** GLOBAL *****************
ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.168.3.3
!**************** CIRCUIT ****************
ip address 192.168.3.6 255.255.255.0
!**************** SERVICE ****************
!**************** OWNER ******************
##########################################
## Setup Completed Successfully!!! ##
##########################################
For detailed configuration information, refer to the Content
Services Switch Basic Configuration Guide.
Configuring Layer 5 Load Balancing
A Layer 5 load balancing configuration enables the CSS to use a VIP address to load balance Web traffic to Web servers based on URLs.
When you select Layer5 load balancing, the script automatically:
•
Creates an owner (L5_Owner)
•
Creates a Layer 3 content rule (L3_Rule)
•
Creates a Layer 5 content rule (L5_Rule) and defines:
–
Protocol tcp
–
Port 80
–
URL "/*"
–
Load balance method as ACA
•
Activates the services
•
Activates the content rule
•
Saves the running-config to the startup-config
The script enables you to configure:
•
Service name (default name is Server1)
•
VIP for the content rule
To configure Layer 5 load balancing, enter 2.
Which feature do you want to configure?
[1] Layer3 load balancing
[2] Layer5 load balancing
Enter the number for the feature you want to configure: 2
To accept the script default values, press the Enter key at the prompts.
Creating Layer5 load balancing
Enter service name: [default= Server1]
Enter service IP address: [default = 192.168.10.3] 192.168.3.58
Create another service? [y/n]? n
Enter Virtual IP address for L5_Rule: [default = 192.168.10.4]
192.168.3.8
After the configuration is completed, the script automatically:
•
Displays the running-config
•
Saves the running-config to the startup-config
Showing the Running Config
!Generated MAR 6 17:53:49
!**************** GLOBAL *****************
ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.168.3.3
!**************** CIRCUIT ****************
ip address 192.168.3.6 255.255.255.0
!**************** SERVICE ****************
!**************** OWNER ******************
##########################################
## Setup Completed Successfully!!! ##
##########################################
For detailed configuration information, refer to the Content
Services Switch Basic Configuration Guide.
Configuring Proxy Cache
A proxy cache configuration enables the CSS to use a Virtual IP address (VIP) to load balance Web traffic to proxy cache servers based on domain name.
When you select Proxy Cache, the script automatically:
•
Creates an owner (Proxy_Owner)
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Creates a content rule (Proxy_Rule) and defines:
–
Service type as proxy-cache
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Protocol tcp
–
Port 8080
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URL "/*"
–
Load balance method as domain
–
Application type HTTP
•
Activates the services
•
Activates the content rule
The script enables you to configure:
•
Service name (default name is Proxy_Cache1)
•
VIP for the content rule
To configure a proxy cache configuration, enter 3.
Which feature do you want to configure?
[1] Layer3 load balancing
[2] Layer5 load balancing
Enter the number for the feature you want to configure: 3
To accept the script default values, press the Enter key at the prompts.
Creating Proxy Cache Configuration
Enter service name: [default=Proxy_Cache1]
Enter service IP address: [default = 192.168.10.3] 192.168.3.60
Create another service? [y/n]? n
Enter Virtual IP address for Proxy_Rule: [default = 192.168.10.4]
192.168.3.9
After the configuration is completed, the script automatically:
•
Displays the running-config
•
Saves the running-config to the startup-config
Showing the Running Config
!Generated MAR 6 17:53:49
!**************** GLOBAL *****************
ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.168.3.3
!**************** CIRCUIT ****************
ip address 192.168.3.6 255.255.255.0
!**************** SERVICE ****************
!**************** OWNER ******************
##########################################
## Setup Completed Successfully!!! ##
##########################################
For detailed configuration information, refer to the Content
Services Switch Basic Configuration Guide.
Configuring Transparent Cache
A transparent cache configuration enables the CSS to redirect cacheable HTTP traffic to transparent cache servers based on IP address and port (80). The CSS directs non-cacheable HTTP traffic to the origin servers.
When you select Transparent Cache, the script automatically:
•
Creates an owner (Transparent_Owner)
•
Creates a content rule (Transparent_Rule) and defines:
–
Service type as transparent-cache
–
Protocol tcp
–
Port 80
–
Extension Qualifier List (EQL) named Cacheable that contains the file types displayed in the sample running-config file
–
URL "/*" eql Cacheable
–
Load balance method as domain
–
Failover type as bypass
–
Application type HTTP
•
Activates the services
•
Activates the content rule
The script enables you to:
•
Configure a service name (Transparent_Cache1)
•
Define whether to direct only cacheable content or all content to the cache servers
To configure a transparent cache configuration, enter 4.
Which feature do you want to configure?
[1] Layer3 load balancing
[2] Layer5 load balancing
Enter the number for the feature you want to configure: 4
To accept the script default values, press the Enter key at the prompts.
Creating Transparent Cache Configuration
Enter service name: [default = Transparent_Cache1]
Enter service IP address: [default = 0.0.0.0] 192.168.3.7
Create another service? [y/n]? n
Transparent caching can be configured to direct only cacheable content
to the cache server. Non-cacheable content is sent directly to the
origin server.
The alternative is to direct all traffic to the cache server
regardless of whether the content is cacheable.
Should only cacheable content be directed to the cache server? [y/n]?
Enter:
•
y to define URL "/*" as eql-cacheable in the content rule and allow the CSS to direct only cacheable content to the cache servers
•
n to define URL "/*" in the content rule and allow the CSS to direct all content to the cache servers
After the configuration is completed, the script automatically:
•
Displays the running-config
•
Saves the running-config to the startup-config
Showing the Running Config
!Generated MAR 6 17:53:49
!**************** GLOBAL *****************
ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.168.3.3
!**************** CIRCUIT ****************
ip address 192.168.3.6 255.255.255.0
!**************** SERVICE ****************
service Transparent_Cache1
!****************** EQL ******************
description "This EQL contains
extensions of cacheable content"
extension fdf "Acrobat Forms Document"
extension au "Sound audio/basic"
extension bmp "Bitmap Image"
extension z "Compressed data
extension gif "GIF Image image/gif"
extension html "Hypertext Markup
extension js "Java script
application/x-javascript"
extension jpeg "JPEG image image/jpeg"
extension mp2 "MPEG Audio audio/x-mpeg"
extension mpeg "MPEG Video video/mpeg"
extension pcx "PCX Image"
extension txt "Plain text text/plain"
extension mov "QuickTime video/quicktime"
extension tiff "TIFF Image image/tiff"
extension tar "Unix Tape Archive
extension avi "Video for Windows
extension wav "Wave File audio/x-wav"
extension gz "application/x-gzip"
application/x-zip-compressed"
!***************** OWNER *****************
add service Transparent_Cache1
url "/*" eql Cacheable or url "/*"
##########################################
## Setup Completed Successfully!!! ##
##########################################
For detailed configuration information, refer to the Content
Services Switch Basic Configuration Guide.
Where to Go Next
Refer to the Content Services Switch Basic Configuration Guide and the Content Services Switch Advanced Configuration Guide for detailed information on configuring the CSS.