Uso de Loopbacks para Probar las Interfaces Ethernet
Cuando sea necesario, se pueden utilizar loopbacks para encontrar problemas con tarjetas de línea, fabric, procesadores de red (NP), transceptores o rutas de tránsito óptico.
Existen dos tipos principales de loopbacks: internos y externos.
Los bucles internos se pueden realizar de forma remota, pero no proporcionan tanta información.
Los bucles externos deben realizarse en el sitio, pero deben proporcionar la mayor cantidad de información.
Los siguientes ejemplos utilizan esta interfaz:
RP/0/RSP0/CPU0:ASR9001-F# show run int tenGigE 0/0/1/1 interface TenGigE0/0/1/1 ipv4 address 10.100.101.1 255.255.255.0 !
Loopback interno
Se trata de una prueba básica que se puede realizar sin acceso a un sitio remoto. Puede encontrar problemas con la CPU, la ruta del fabric, la NP y el transceptor, pero no puede encontrar problemas ópticos o de tránsito.
Configuración del bucle invertido
Esto afecta al tráfico
RP/0/RSP0/CPU0:ASR9001-F# configure RP/0/RSP0/CPU0:ASR9001-F(config)# int tenGigE 0/0/1/1 RP/0/RSP0/CPU0:ASR9001-F(config-if)# loopback internal RP/0/RSP0/CPU0:ASR9001-F(config-if)# commit RP/0/RSP0/CPU0:ASR9001-F(config-if)# end
clear counters
Esto borra los contadores tanto en la interfaz como en el controlador.
RP/0/RSP0/CPU0:ASR9001-F# clear counters tenGigE 0/0/1/1 Clear "show interface" counters on this interface [confirm]
Haga ping a la IP local
RP/0/RSP0/CPU0:ASR9001-F# ping 10.100.101.1 count 10000 size 1500 timeout 0 pings with timeout=0 may result in system instability and control protocol flaps resulting in traffic impact. DO you really want to continue[confirm with only 'y' or 'n'] [y/n] :y Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 10000, 1500-byte ICMP Echos to 10.100.101.1, timeout is 0 seconds: !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! [output omitted] !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! Success rate is 100 percent (10000/10000), round-trip min/avg/max = 1/1/5 ms
Comprobar contadores de interfaz
RP/0/RSP0/CPU0:ASR9001-F# show interfaces tenGigE 0/0/1/1
TenGigE0/0/1/1 is up, line protocol is up
Interface state transitions: 3
Hardware is TenGigE, address is 70e4.2217.ba65 (bia 70e4.2217.ba65)
Layer 1 Transport Mode is LAN
Internet address is 10.100.101.1/24
MTU 1514 bytes, BW 10000000 Kbit (Max: 10000000 Kbit)
reliability 255/255, txload 0/255, rxload 0/255
Encapsulation ARPA,
Full-duplex, 10000Mb/s, link type is force-up
output flow control is off, input flow control is off
loopback set (External),
ARP type ARPA, ARP timeout 04:00:00
Last input 00:00:00, output 00:00:00
Last clearing of "show interface" counters 00:02:40
5 minute input rate 685000 bits/sec, 126 packets/sec
5 minute output rate 685000 bits/sec, 126 packets/sec
10003 packets input, 15140657 bytes, 0 total input drops
0 drops for unrecognized upper-level protocol
Received 0 broadcast packets, 3 multicast packets
0 runts, 0 giants, 0 throttles, 0 parity
0 input errors, 0 CRC, 0 frame, 0 overrun, 0 ignored, 0 abort
10003 packets output, 15140657 bytes, 0 total output drops
Output 0 broadcast packets, 3 multicast packets
0 output errors, 0 underruns, 0 applique, 0 resets
0 output buffer failures, 0 output buffers swapped out
0 carrier transitions
Compruebe los contadores del controlador
RP/0/RSP0/CPU0:ASR9001-F# show controllers tenGigE 0/0/1/1 stats
Statistics for interface TenGigE0/0/1/1 (cached values):
Ingress:
Input total bytes = 15140657
Input good bytes = 15140657
Input total packets = 10003
Input 802.1Q frames = 0
Input pause frames = 0
Input pkts 64 bytes = 0
Input pkts 65-127 bytes = 0
Input pkts 128-255 bytes = 3
Input pkts 256-511 bytes = 0
Input pkts 512-1023 bytes = 0
Input pkts 1024-1518 bytes = 10000
Input pkts 1519-Max bytes = 0
Input good pkts = 10003
Input unicast pkts = 10000
Input multicast pkts = 3
Input broadcast pkts = 0
Input drop overrun = 0
Input drop abort = 0
Input drop invalid VLAN = 0
Input drop invalid DMAC = 0
Input drop invalid encap = 0
Input drop other = 0
Input error giant = 0
Input error runt = 0
Input error jabbers = 0
Input error fragments = 0
Input error CRC = 0
Input error collisions = 0
Input error symbol = 0
Input error other = 0
Input MIB giant = 0
Input MIB jabber = 0
Input MIB CRC = 0
Egress:
Output total bytes = 15140657
Output good bytes = 15140657
Output total packets = 10003
Output 802.1Q frames = 0
Output pause frames = 0
Output pkts 64 bytes = 0
Output pkts 65-127 bytes = 0
Output pkts 128-255 bytes = 3
Output pkts 256-511 bytes = 0
Output pkts 512-1023 bytes = 0
Output pkts 1024-1518 bytes = 10000
Output pkts 1519-Max bytes = 0
Output good pkts = 10003
Output unicast pkts = 10000
Output multicast pkts = 3
Output broadcast pkts = 0
Output drop underrun = 0
Output drop abort = 0
Output drop other = 0
Output error other = 0
Loopback externo
Esta prueba verifica la unidad central de procesamiento (CPU) de la tarjeta de línea, la ruta del fabric, la NP, el transceptor y la óptica.
Esta prueba requiere una longitud de cable de fibra para conectar físicamente las señales de transmisión (Tx) en el puerto de recepción (Rx).
Configuración del bucle invertido
Esto afecta al tráfico
RP/0/RSP0/CPU0:ASR9001-F# configure RP/0/RSP0/CPU0:ASR9001-F(config)# interface tenGigE 0/0/1/1 RP/0/RSP0/CPU0:ASR9001-F(config-if)# loopback external RP/0/RSP0/CPU0:ASR9001-F(config-if)# commit RP/0/RSP0/CPU0:ASR9001-F(config-if)# end
clear counters
Esto borra los contadores tanto en la interfaz como en el controlador.
RP/0/RSP0/CPU0:ASR9001-F# clear counters Clear "show interface" counters on all interfaces [confirm]
Haga ping a la IP local
RP/0/RSP0/CPU0:ASR9001-F# ping 10.100.101.1 count 10000 size 1500 timeout 0 pings with timeout=0 may result in system instability and control protocol flaps resulting in traffic impact. DO you really want to continue[confirm with only 'y' or 'n'] [y/n] :y Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 10000, 1500-byte ICMP Echos to 10.100.101.1, timeout is 0 seconds: !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! [output omitted] !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! Success rate is 100 percent (10000/10000), round-trip min/avg/max = 1/1/5 ms
Comprobar contadores de interfaz
RP/0/RSP0/CPU0:ASR9001-F# show interfaces tenGigE 0/0/1/1
TenGigE0/0/1/1 is up, line protocol is up
Interface state transitions: 7
Hardware is TenGigE, address is 70e4.2217.ba65 (bia 70e4.2217.ba65)
Layer 1 Transport Mode is LAN
Internet address is 10.100.101.1/24
MTU 1514 bytes, BW 10000000 Kbit (Max: 10000000 Kbit)
reliability 255/255, txload 0/255, rxload 0/255
Encapsulation ARPA,
Full-duplex, 10000Mb/s, link type is force-up
output flow control is off, input flow control is off
loopback set (Internal),
ARP type ARPA, ARP timeout 04:00:00
Last input 00:00:00, output 00:00:00
Last clearing of "show interface" counters 00:00:32
5 minute input rate 504000 bits/sec, 52 packets/sec
5 minute output rate 504000 bits/sec, 52 packets/sec
10001 packets input, 15140219 bytes, 0 total input drops
0 drops for unrecognized upper-level protocol
Received 0 broadcast packets, 1 multicast packets
0 runts, 0 giants, 0 throttles, 0 parity
0 input errors, 0 CRC, 0 frame, 0 overrun, 0 ignored, 0 abort
10001 packets output, 15140219 bytes, 0 total output drops
Output 0 broadcast packets, 1 multicast packets
0 output errors, 0 underruns, 0 applique, 0 resets
0 output buffer failures, 0 output buffers swapped out
0 carrier transitions
Comprobar contadores del controlador
RP/0/RSP0/CPU0:ASR9001-F# show controllers tenGigE 0/0/1/1 stats
Statistics for interface TenGigE0/0/1/1 (cached values):
Ingress:
Input total bytes = 15140219
Input good bytes = 15140219
Input total packets = 10001
Input 802.1Q frames = 0
Input pause frames = 0
Input pkts 64 bytes = 0
Input pkts 65-127 bytes = 0
Input pkts 128-255 bytes = 1
Input pkts 256-511 bytes = 0
Input pkts 512-1023 bytes = 0
Input pkts 1024-1518 bytes = 10000
Input pkts 1519-Max bytes = 0
Input good pkts = 10001
Input unicast pkts = 10000
Input multicast pkts = 1
Input broadcast pkts = 0
Input drop overrun = 0
Input drop abort = 0
Input drop invalid VLAN = 0
Input drop invalid DMAC = 0
Input drop invalid encap = 0
Input drop other = 0
Input error giant = 0
Input error runt = 0
Input error jabbers = 0
Input error fragments = 0
Input error CRC = 0
Input error collisions = 0
Input error symbol = 0
Input error other = 0
Input MIB giant = 0
Input MIB jabber = 0
Input MIB CRC = 0
Egress:
Output total bytes = 15140219
Output good bytes = 15140219
Output total packets = 10001
Output 802.1Q frames = 0
Output pause frames = 0
Output pkts 64 bytes = 0
Output pkts 65-127 bytes = 0
Output pkts 128-255 bytes = 1
Output pkts 256-511 bytes = 0
Output pkts 512-1023 bytes = 0
Output pkts 1024-1518 bytes = 10000
Output pkts 1519-Max bytes = 0
Output good pkts = 10001
Output unicast pkts = 10000
Output multicast pkts = 1
Output broadcast pkts = 0
Output drop underrun = 0
Output drop abort = 0
Output drop other = 0
Output error other = 0
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