It is very important that the installer and network administrator work together to determine proper AP placement from both a physical installation and a software location placement onto the Prime Infrastructure (PI) map. It is critical that the administrator properly and accurately document the X, Y position, height and antenna orientation of the APs on the map.

Tools that can assist with this job would be:

• A plumb bob (weighted string) to can mark the location of the ceiling mounted AP on the floor

• Laser range finder or measurement wheel (to measure distances accurately)

• Tri-Pod or other leveling device for use with laser

• Laser pointer

Some basic guidelines on Site Surveys or deployments are:

• Try to maintain consistent -65 dBm RSSI for data, voice, video, location

• In order to achieve the best accuracy results, a site survey is required

• 20% cell overlap for optimized roaming and location calculations

• A good rule of thumb is 1 Access Point per 2,500 square feet / 250m2 (best performance) or more, but site specific. AP density should be determined through a site survey

• Keep AP to AP distance below 50ft / 15m

• Keep AP height below 15ft / 4.5m

• For location create a convex hull around the coverage area, start with AP’s placed on the perimeter

• For high density applications, it is recommended to add an additional AP in the middle of dense areas

• Additionally, try to stagger the APs so you cover the perimeter and try to design so that at least four APs are within line of sight of the clients

• Do not mount APs for Hyperlocation above ceiling tiles. Obstruction and metal elements will dramatically degrade the Hyperlocation performance

• If there is a requirement to mount the AP4800 access point on a wall, in-ceiling, hide or change the color. Mounting kit for optimal AP positioning are available from Cisco partners and third-party solution providers

For optimal performance unobstructed line of sight between the client and four Hyperlocation APs is important. Location is only good inside the convex hull formed by the APs. Even with using AoA the performance of Hyperlocation suffers when the clients are outside the convex hull.

You should capture the following after mounting the AP:

• AP name and AP MAC address

• Map location of the AP

• Exact position with an accuracy of 1ft / 30cm. You can capture the exact distance to two walls or three points. This can be used in Prime Infrastructure to exactly position the AP on the map

• Orientation of the AP: Azimuth with an accuracy of 5 degrees. Hyperlocation APs should be mounted horizontally, so elevation is always 0 degrees. The AP has an arrow, which helps you identifying the antenna orientation. You will save a lot of time if you can align all APs on a floor to point in the same direction.

  In Prime Infrastructure 0° is pointing to the right, 90° down, 180° to the left and 270° to the top of the map

Note	In Prime Infrastructure the default azimuth of an AP when added to a map is 90°. Mounting the APs with the arrow pointing to 90° would save time when positioning the APs on the floorplan in Prime Infrastructure.

Location errors are compounded when the locations of Hyperlocation APs are not properly documented.

If you are mounting the units to the ceiling grid, it is recommended that you orientate all of the Access Points in the same direction. This will make it easier when recording them. If you are not mounting to the ceiling rails, use a laser pointer or other device to try and align them in the same direction.

Oftentimes, it is difficult to measure and map the location when the AP4800 unit is mounted high on a ceiling. In these cases, it is suggested that the use of a plumb bob dropped from the center of the AP or a laser pointer be used to mark the exact location on the floor so that a tape measure or laser range finder can be used.

Mixing of AP4800 Hyperlocation APs and Non-Hyperlocation APs on the same map a feature included in CMX 10.5. This is meant for areas where higher accuracy is needed. High accuracy areas then will be covered with AP4800 while in other areas on the map Non-Hyperlocation APs can be used. Hyperlocation APs have to create a convex hull around this zone and all additional APs inside the zone also have to support Hyperlocation. A salt-and-pepper design is not supported.

The following steps are necessary before you can start adding APs to the map:

• Create your map hierarchy: Campus – Buildings–Floors

• Properly size the floors. The height should match your highest AP mounting position on that floor. The AP height will default to your ceiling height

• Select the Floor Type RF model which is the closest match to your environment: Cubes and Walled Offices, Drywall Office Only, Outdoor Open Space, Indoor High Ceiling (Figure 7 Select the correct Type (RF Model))

• Add the floorplan image and scale it correctly

• Add the APs to the floors and position them. (Figure 8 AP position and orientation)

• Drag the APs to the correct location or use Position by 3 points / 2 walls to position the AP (Figure 8 AP position and orientation)

• Orientation of the Hyperlocation Antenna must be entered correctly.

For more details on how to work with Wireless Site Maps in PI see the PI User Guide at https://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/td/docs/net_mgmt/prime/infrastructure/3-4/user/guide/bk_CiscoPrimeInfrastructure_3_4_0_UserGuide/bk_CiscoPrimeInfrastructure_3_4_0_UserGuide_chapter_01010.html

One common error is APs are at the right position, but swapped. i.e. AP has been installed on a location for another AP. To verify on site the right AP is at the right location you can use the blink LED feature of the AP. On the WLC go to Wireless > Access Points > All APs > select the AP in question > go to advanced tab > select the LED flash state. The LED will start blinking blue – red – green.

The Cisco Wireless mobile application for iOS and Android can also be used to blink the AP LED. Use the app to connect to your WLC, in the app select Access Points > select the AP in question > scroll down to the bottom of the page > click “Blink AP LED”.

After you have finished and verified the maps you need to export them following these steps:

• Go to Maps > Site Maps and select Export Map Archive from the drop down

• Select the sites you want to export to CMX, leave Map Information and Calibration information ON and include the calibration information for selected maps

• Select “Generate Map Archive”, this will initiate the download to your PC.

Hyperlocation with AP4800 requires CMX 10.5. Hyperlocation is only supported on CMX hardware appliance and high-end virtual appliances. See Appendix URL #4 and URL #5 for installation instructions.

• CMX virtual appliance Installation Guide https://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/td/docs/wireless/mse/10-4/installation/guide/installation_guide_104.html

• Cisco MSE 3365 Installation Guide: https://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/td/docs/wireless/mse/3365/installation/guide/mse3365-installation-guide.html

Before turning on the VM the first time it is recommended to increase the disk size to 1 TB by editing the VM settings.

Make sure to have a proper network configuration:

• Hostname should be changed from localhost to a FQDN

• Valid NTP and time zone configuration

After OS configuration you will be asked to connect to CMX via HTTPS on port 1984. After login with username cmxadmin you will be prompted to select the installation type. Select: Location (Figure 11 Service Selection). Presence does not support Hyperlocation. You can add a secondary server for high availability at anytime later on.

After CMX has been installed for location you will be prompted to continue with the setup. Click the link.

This will redirect you to the CMX setup assistant

The setup assistant allows you only to import all maps and controllers from PI to CMX. If you want only to import selected maps and wireless controllers only cancel the assistant after setting the password for the GUI admin user and follow the steps below. Do not forget to finish the Mail Server configuration later.

After CMX installation has been finished, reboot the system and verify configuration and NTP. Login to the console or via SSH:

Use: cmxos verify to check VM configuration. For Hyperlocation you should meet the requirements for a high-end VM:

• 20 vCPUs, 64 GB Memory, 1 TB Disk space

Use: ntpstat to check NTP is working correctly. IP of the NTP server should match your configuration. Output should say “synchronized to NTP server”.

Browse to the map export file you created with PI and upload.

• Add wireless controllers by navigating to System > Settings > Controllers and Maps Setup > Advanced

Before starting testing location accuracy, it is recommended to verify Hyperlocation is configured correctly.

You need at least one connected client for accuracy testing. Creating a 5 GHz only WLAN SSID will ensure you have the most accurate location test.

Accuracy testing is done with a static device. Make sure your test points are inside the convex hull of your AP coverage. It is recommended to collect 25-50 samples per point. Repeat the test in multiple locations throughout your coverage area. Accuracy tests will not improve location accuracy as the results will not be used for any kind of calibration. You might want to use different clients at the same location to understand the client impact on accuracy.

• Choose a client for your accuracy test

• Pick multiple points across your venue, note the X, Y of your test points

• Execute the test on each of the points and collect 25-50 measurements per point

• Finish the test and review the test results

You can execute the tests using GUI or CLI. GUI is a bit more comfortable, while CLI gives you a few more details while the test is executed.

1. Cisco Aironet Series 4800Access Point Deployment Guide: https://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/td/docs/wireless/controller/technotes/8-7/b_cisco_aiironet_series_4800_acces_point_deployment_guide.pdf

2. Cisco CMX Command Reference Guide: https://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/td/docs/wireless/mse/10-4/cmx_command/cmxcli104/cisco_cmx_commands.html

3. Cisco Prime Infrastructure User Guide:https://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/td/docs/net_mgmt/prime/infrastructure/3-4/user/guide/bk_CiscoPrimeInfrastructure_3_4_0_UserGuide.html

4. CMX virtual appliance Installation Guide: https://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/td/docs/wireless/mse/10-4/installation/guide/installation_guide_104.html

5. Cisco MSE 3365 Installation Guide: https://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/td/docs/wireless/mse/3365/installation/guide/mse3365-installation-guide.html

6. Wi-Fi Location-Based Services 4.1 Design Guide: https://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/td/docs/solutions/Enterprise/Mobility/WiFiLBS-DG.html

7. Cisco CMX Configuration Guide: https://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/td/docs/wireless/mse/10-3/cmx_config/b_cg_cmx103.html