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This document describes several Routing and Platform related issues along with steps to collect relevant data, debugs or show commands from IOS & IOS-XE Routers. To provide this information up front on a Technical Assistance Centre (TAC) Service Request(SR) helps you hit the ground running with respect to issue resolution.
Cisco recommends that you have knowledge of these topics:
The information in this document is based on these Platforms:
Below are some of the common issues reported on IOS & IOS-XE routers along with useful outputs for each, that should be collected in addition to a "Show Tech".
These outputs help us ensure that the relevant data is collected during the time of the issue. This is specifically true if the problem isn't persistent, meaning that the problem may disappear by the time TAC is engaged.
Problem Report : There is an unexpected reload or crash seen on the device. Along with the feedback on the Base Information Requested section we would need the below:
Router#show bootflash: | in crash
Router#show bootflash: | in core
Router#request platform software trace rotate all
Router#request platform software trace slot rp active archive target bootflash:
We can also choose to collect the System-report Bundle that is automatically created in the bootflash after a Crash has been seen(16.11.x and Later releases). A System report bundle will have way more info collected as below in a tar file :
Note: With further serviceability enhancements on 16.11 and later releases , once there is a crash experienced on the device , it automatically collects "system-report" bundle.
Router#sh bootflash: | in sys
12 45 Oct 20 2020 05:08:05.0000000000 +00:00 /bootflash/core/system-report_20201020-050805-UTC.tar.gz <<<<
Problem Report: There is boot failure observed for any of the components in the device. At times, it might be the RP(Route-Processor) which might get stuck in a boot loop, which won't allow to login into the device.
Note: This is of utmost importance if we are not able to login to the device
Router#hw-module slot <slot-num> reload
Router#hw-module subslot <slot-num/subslot num> reload
Problem Report: There is a need to upgrade the IOS on the device and you need assistance with selecting one.
Problem Report: There are memory related issues seen on the device. At times, we might get some errors related to High Memory Utilization on specific components. This section combines the most useful commands to be used when troubleshooting memory leaks or monitoring memory on IOS-XE routers.
The general aspects of IOS-XE memory usage have been described in:
With some recent serviceability efforts, we can collect the "Show Tech Memory" with 16.9.x release and later.
With recent serviceability introduced in 16.2 and later releases below are the new cli that can be collected:
Note: We say 'cycles 2' since the first set of values will not be accurate
Problem Report: ISSU represent a full or partial software upgrade of a system from one version to another with minimal outage on the forwarding plane (minimal packet loss) and no outage on the control plane. This section focuses on helping you further with ISSU upgrade:
Problem report: There is an issue with Licensing on the device. Most common issues include "License not getting installed”, License file not seen as Permanent etc. This section will focus on getting the bare minimum outputs that we might require troubleshooting license issues:
Note: This command was introduced via serviceability on the Later codes(for ASR1K : 16.9.x & for ISR4K : 16.12.x).
Below are some of the common issues reported on IOS & IOS-XE routers along with useful outputs for each, that should be collected in addition to a "Show Tech".
These outputs help us ensure that the relevant data is collected during the time of the issue. This is specifically true if the problem isn't persistent, meaning that the problem may disappear by the time TAC is engaged.
Problem Report: For the Routing protocol troubleshooting mostly it depends on what kind of issue are we are looking into and the focus area should be with providing as much data as possible following the "Base Information Requested" section. Along with it and "Show tech" we can collect protocol specific outputs as below:
BGP |
Show tech-support bgp |
EIGRP |
Show ip eigrp events Show ip eigrp interfaces Show ip eigrp neighbors Show ip eigrp topology Show ip eigrp traffic |
OSPF |
Show tech-support ospf |
Static Routing |
Show tech-support |
Note:"show tech bgp" has been introduced in some of the later releases so in case this command doesn't run on the IOS you are running, please provide as much info with "Base Information Requested" section
We could also choose to do a flow based BGP troubleshooting for some of the common scenario's by using the below:
Problem Report: This is one of the most common issues seen with EIGRP wherein we have neighbor flap issues. We can leverage EEM script to collect the outputs and debugs exactly when the issue is seen:
On the IOS-XE platform, NAT configurations are received and processed by the IOS NAT subsystem, and are downloaded to the QFP via the Forwarding Manager (FMAN) and Client components. NAT session creation and management are done exclusively on the QFP, as well as any header and payload translations. There will be no punting of packets for the NAT translations on the IOS-XE routers. The QFP also generated states which are sent back to IOS, such as ipalias, static-route, and wlan sessions information.
Problem Report: There is a NAT/PAT related issue seen on the device. For example, NAT is not trigerring or we are not able to see the translations and trafficc not passing from inside to outside or vice versa. NAT/PAT issues on IOS-XE might be a little tricky at times due to the Hardware forwarding of the data packets. This section combines the most useful commands to be used when troubleshooting NAT issues on IOS-XE routers.
Note: This output has been introduced recently via serviceability in 16.9.x release and later.
We can also choose to run some of the filters with "show ip nat translation" as below:
iWAN is one complex solution and troubleshooting it can become even more complex. There are number of components involved in iWAN like DMVPN, IPSEC, Transport (MPLS/INET), PFR, EIGRP SAF. Different issues with regards to iWAN could be related to any one or multiple components. In iWAN network all the devices play the role of either "Master Controller" (MC) or "Border Router" (BR), and to troubleshoot the iWAN issues we need to capture details from both of these routers.
Problem Report: If facing any of the below issues with iWAN, then please capture given list of commands from respective devices.
Here is the list of commands which needs to be captured.
MC - Master Controller
BR - Border Router
Below are some of the common logs reported on IOS & IOS-XE routers along with useful outputs for each, that should be collected in addition to a "Show Tech".
These outputs help us ensure that the relevant data is collected during the time of the issue. This is specifically true if the problem isn't persistent, meaning that the problem may disappear by the time TAC is engaged.
Example :
%FMFP-3-OBJ_DWNLD_TO_DP_STUCK: R0/0: fman_fp_image: AOM download of obj[20] type[215] pending-issue Req-create Issued-noneSSLMGR: Secondary Init to Data Plane is stuck for more than 1800 seconds
Revision | Publish Date | Comments |
---|---|---|
1.0 |
30-Sep-2020 |
Initial Release |