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The Cisco Guard and Cisco Traffic Anomaly Detector software contains a default password for an administrative account. This password is set, without any user's intervention, during installation of the software used by the Cisco Guard and Traffic Anomaly Detector Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) mitigation appliances, and is the same in all installations of the product.
Software version 3.0 and earlier of the Cisco Guard and Traffic Anomaly Detector are affected by this vulnerability. Customers running version 3.1 or higher of the software are not affected. There are workarounds available including one that does not require a reboot of the device. Cisco has made free software available to address this problem.
The vulnerabilities are documented as the following Cisco bug IDs: CSCeg12167 ( registered customers only) and CSCeg12188 ( registered customers only) .
This advisory is available at https://sec.cloudapps.cisco.com/security/center/content/CiscoSecurityAdvisory/cisco-sa-20041215-guard.
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This section provides details on affected products.
Vulnerable Products
All versions of the software for the Cisco Guard and Cisco Traffic Anomaly Detector prior to version 3.1 are affected by this vulnerability.
There are three ways to determine the software version that your Cisco Guard and Cisco Traffic Anomaly Detector DDoS mitigation appliances are running:
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Virtual terminal or local serial console
connection
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Remote Secure Shell (SSH) connection
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Remote secure web session
What follows is an example of each method; you should choose the method that applies to your particular environment and network setup.
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To determine the software version number through the local serial
console use a serial cable and a terminal emulation program to connect to the
appliance. Once you are connected press the Enter key of your
terminal and the Guard and Traffic Anomaly Detector will present, without even
logging in, the version of the software running on the devices:
Cisco Guard Version 3.1(0.12) GUARD login:
For a virtual terminal the procedure is the same except that no serial cable or terminal emulation program is needed (a standard keyboard and monitor are directly connected to the appliance.)
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To obtain the software version number through a SSH session use a
SSH client to log into the Cisco Guard or Cisco Traffic Anomaly Detector and
issue the show version command-line interface (CLI)
command. The following example shows an interaction with a Cisco Traffic
Anomaly Detector:
prompt$ ssh admin@detector.example.com admin@detector.example.com's password: Last login: Wed Nov 24 22:45:53 on ttyS0 admin@DETECTOR#show version Copyright (c) 2000-2004 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Software License Agreement [...] Cisco Anomaly Detector Release: 3.1(0.12) Date: 2004/10/27 19:58:14 DETECTOR uptime is 3 weeks, 3 days, 17 hours, 53 minutes System Serial Number: XXXXXXX Contact Information: Cisco Systems Inc. riverhead-support@cisco.com admin@DETECTOR#
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To obtain the software version that Cisco Guard and Cisco Traffic
Anomaly Detector are running through a secure web interface, open the URL
https://<IP address of your Guard or
Detector>/ in a web browser, log in, and then click on the
About link located on the top right section of the browser
window.
Products Confirmed Not Vulnerable
No other Cisco products are currently known to create these specific default account/passwords.
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Virtual terminal or local serial console
connection
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The Cisco Guard and Cisco Traffic Anomaly Detectors are Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attack mitigation appliances that detect the presence of a potential DDoS attack and divert attack traffic destined for the network being monitored without affecting the flow of legitimate traffic.
Both the Cisco Guard and the Cisco Anomaly Traffic Detector appliances can be managed via a virtual terminal (standard keyboard and monitor attached directly to the appliance), a local serial console, remote SSH connections, and/or remote secure web sessions. Most management and troubleshooting tasks are performed through a CLI interface that is similar to that of most Cisco products, but a special administrative account is provided so certain management and troubleshooting tasks that are not covered by the standard CLI can be performed. The administrative account username is root, like the superuser in the Unix operating system.
This account has a default password that is the same in all installations of the Cisco Guard and Cisco Traffic Anomaly Detector in all versions prior to 3.1. This default password is made up of a combination of letters, numbers, and punctuation per best security practices for passwords, but Cisco recommends that this password be changed for extra security.
The vulnerability described here is documented in the Cisco Bug ID CSCeg12167 (registered customers only) for the Cisco Guard and in the Cisco Bug ID CSCeg12188 (registered customers only) for the Cisco Traffic Anomaly Detector.
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The vulnerability described in this document can be eliminated completely by logging into the affected Cisco Guard and Cisco Traffic Anomaly Detector DDoS mitigation appliances and changing the default password for the administrative root account to a strong password chosen by the user.
To change the default password you need to run the passwd command once you have logged in as the root user. The following interaction shows and example of a change password dialog in a Cisco Traffic Anomaly Detector that is performed via SSH:
prompt$ ssh root@detector.example.com root@detector.example.com's password: Last login: Tue Nov 23 15:48:13 on ttyS0 [root@DETECTOR root]# passwd Changing password for user root. New password: <new password typed in here> Retype new password: <new password typed in here> passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.
In order to perform this procedure you will need the default password. To obtain this password customers must contact the Cisco TAC. Entitlement will be checked so please have your product serial number available and give the URL of this notice.
After changing the default password, the Cisco Guard and Traffic Anomaly Detector will not accept root logins using the default password.
A reboot is not required for the new password to take effect, so network operations will not be disrupted.
If affected customers do not wish to contact Cisco to obtain the default password, it is possible to change the administrative account's password by performing the password recovery procedure. This procedure is documented at the following location:
http://cisco.com/en/US/products/ps5887/products_password_recovery09186a008037942b.shtml
As a security best practice, it is recommended that customers make use of the access control feature that restricts connectivity to the SSH and web-based management services to certain IP networks configured by the administrator. Refer to the documentation for your Cisco Guard and Cisco Traffic Anomaly Detector, specifically the permit wbm and permit ssh commands, for details on how to enable this feature. Having these access control mechanisms in place may mitigate the vulnerability if it cannot be eliminated completely by changing the default password as described above.
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While workarounds that do not require a software upgrade exist, Cisco has made available free software that addresses the vulnerability described in this document.
Version 3.1 or later of the Cisco Guard and Cisco Traffic Anomaly Detector software does not leave a default password for the administrative root account after a fresh installation or after an upgrade from previous versions. This is because in version 3.1 and later the installation/upgrade procedure requires the user to choose a password for the administrative account.
Note: the procedure to upgrade to version 3.1 can only be done through the out-of-band interfaces.
When considering software upgrades, please also consult http://www.cisco.com/en/US/products/products_security_advisories_listing.html and any subsequent advisories to determine exposure and a complete upgrade solution.
In all cases, customers should exercise caution to be certain the devices to be upgraded contain sufficient memory and that current hardware and software configurations will continue to be supported properly by the new release. If the information is not clear, contact the Cisco Technical Assistance Center ("TAC") for assistance.
If affected customers are not able to upgrade the software, the workarounds presented in the Workarounds section can be employed to completely eliminate this vulnerability.
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The Cisco PSIRT is not aware of any public announcements or malicious use of the vulnerability described in this advisory.
This vulnerability was uncovered during internal code audit.
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To learn about Cisco security vulnerability disclosure policies and publications, see the Security Vulnerability Policy. This document also contains instructions for obtaining fixed software and receiving security vulnerability information from Cisco.
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